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Science
Quarter 2-Hybrid Module 4
Plant and Animal Cells
Week 4

SDO Taguig City and Pateros

 Let’s Learn

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the plant and animal cells. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.
The module is divided into two lessons, namely:
• Lesson 5 – Discovery of the Cell
• Lesson 6 – Plant and animal cells
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Discuss the parts and function of the plant cell using illustrations/video clips.
2. Identify the different scientists involved in the discovery of the cell.
3. Examine the different cell specimens using links provided.
4. Draw and describe the cell parts.
5. Make a research on Cell Technology related to medicine, agriculture, and
industry.

Let’s Try

Directions: Bluff or Fact. Write bluff if the statement is false and fact if the statement
is true.
____________1. Cells come in all shapes and sizes serving different functions in
animals and plant cells.
____________2. Organelles are tiny organs found inside the cell.
____________3. Ribosomes forms the largest part of the cell where most life process
occur.
____________4. Robert Hooke is the first scientist who used the term “cell”.
____________5. Microscope is the device that the scientist used to describe the
microorganisms.
____________6. Cell wall is a part of cell that only found in animal cell.
____________7. The two types of cell are eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell.
____________8. Theodore Schwann stated that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
____________9. Nucleus is the control center of the cell.
____________10. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek discovered the single-celled organisms.
____________11. Chlorophyll captures the energy of sunlight to use it for
photosynthesis.
____________12. Vacuole is larger in animal cell than in plant cell.
____________13. Cell membrane encloses the cell.
____________14. Eukaryotic cells have no true nucleus.
____________15. Cell is the building blocks of life.

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 Alternatively, please answer these questions above online!
Use the link on your cellphone, laptop, or desktop:
https://forms.gle/rcyPnvtrJEK1zDcN8
You will see the score after completing the test.
Write your score on the given circle.

Lesson

5 Discovery of the Cell

Let’s Recall

Who am I?

Answer the riddle.

They are wearing lab gowns.
They are working in laboratory.
They test out their ideas with experiments.
They study the results to discover how things work
Who do you think they are?

S__E___ST_

Let’s Explore

Activity 1.1
WHO AM I?

I discovered microorganisms
in pond water. I also invented
the first hand-held simple
microscope. Who am I?

A__ __ __ n __ an L__ __ __ wenh__ __ __

I examined thin slices of cork

from the bark of an oak tree. I
also first introduced the term
cell. Who am I?

__ __ __ert Ho__ __ __

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 Let’s Elaborate

Please watch and learn this topic online!

Click the given link below on your cellphone, laptop, or desktop
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XjKmR2heH8

Let’s travel back in time to know the history behind the cell’s discovery.
Timeline Scientist and their Discovery

• Robert Hooke (1635–1702) first described cells.

1665 • Hooke was the first to use the term "cell” to identify microscopic
structures when he was describing cork.
• the Dutch naturalist Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723)
1676 published his observations of single-cell organisms, or "little
animalcules" as he called them.
• Scottish botanist Robert Brown (1773-1858) identified a dark-
1831 stained structure at the center of every cell he observed.
• He referred to the structure as the nucleus.
• German scientists Theodore Schwann (1810–1882), and Matthias
1839 Schleiden (1804–1881) studied cells of animals and plants,
respectively.
1855 • Rudolf Virchow stated that all cells are generated by existing cells.
Cell theory, which combines the ideas of all three scientists — Schwann,
Schleiden, and Virchow — is one of the fundamental theories unifying all of biology.
Cell theory states that:
• All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
• The cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all organisms.
• All cells arise only from pre-existing cells.

Let’s Dig In

Activity 1.2
Match the scientist in column A with their discovery in column B. Write your answer on
the space provided.
Column A Column B
______1. Schleiden a. Nucleus
______2. Hooke b. Single-celled organisms
______3. Leeuwenhoek c. Plant cell
______4. Brown d. Animal cell
______5. Schwann e. Used the word “cell”

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 Let’s Remember

Activity 1.3
Create a timeline showing the discovery of the cell.

The scoring rubric below will be used in assessing the work.

Criteria 4 3 2 1
Creativity Creatively and Creatively and Designed Timeline is
neatly designed neatly using colors. messy with
using colors and designed few colors.
multiple media. using colors.
Information There are 5 or There are 4 There are 3 There are few
more events events listed. events listed. events listed.
listed.
Organization All events are Most events Some events Many events
labeled neatly are labeled are labeled in are not labeled
and in neatly and in chronological nor in
chronological chronological order. chronological
order. order. order.
Presentation Student is well- Student is Student is Student is not
prepared and prepared and familiar with prepared and
knowledgeable familiar with timeline is not familiar
about timeline timeline events. with timeline
events. events. events.

Let’s Apply
Activity 2.4
Research Work. Gather three to five recent and related research articles about cell
technology related to medicine, agriculture, and industry. Make use of various sources
– journals, magazines, and internet.
Make a summary of each article. Then put together and synthesize the information
found in the different researches you gathered. Use another sheet of paper if
necessary.
Title of the article Summary What I learned? How Can I use
it?

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 The scoring rubric below will be used in assessing the work.
Criteria 4 3 2 1
Length Student wrote 7 Student wrote Student wrote Student wrote
or more 5 sentences 3 sentences few sentences
sentences
Accuracy All statements Most Some Most
are accurate and statements statements statements
verified by the are accurate are cited are cited
article and verified by outside outside
the article information or information or
opinions opinions
Paraphrasing No more than 4 One sentence Two More than 3
words in a row contains more sentences sentences
taken directly than 4 words contain more contain more
from the article in a row taken than 4 words than 4 words
directly from in a row taken in a row taken
the article directly from directly from
the article the article
Focus Summary Summary Summary Main idea of
consists of main contains main contains main the article is
idea and idea and idea and only not discussed
important details some minor minor details
only details
Conventions No more than 2-3 4-5 More than 6
one punctuation, punctuation, punctuation, punctuation,
grammar, or grammar, or grammar, or grammar, or
spelling error spelling error spelling error spelling error

Let’s Evaluate

A. Answer the following questions.

1. What caused scientists to discover the existence of cells? ___________________
2. What are the small rooms that monks lived in called? _______________________
3. What did Hooke observe in the cork slice? _______________________________
4. What discovery is van Leeuwenhoek noted for? ___________________________
5. What are the three parts of the cell theory? _______________________________

B. Write the term or phrase that best completes each statement. Use these choices:
cell theory cells daughter cells genetic material organisms

The _____________________includes the following three principles:

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more ____________________.

2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living ______________.
3. Cells arise only from previously existing cells, with cells passing copies of their
__________________ on to their ______________________.

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 Lesson

6 Plant and Animal Cells

Let’s Recall
What composes this organism? List down from complex to simple level of
organization. Encircle and give the role of the simple level of organization.

Let’s Explore

Activity 2.1
Hi! In this activity you are going to sing along with Jam Campus from YouTube and
take down notes the words you will be hearing from the song.

Please watch and jam with me!

Click the given link below on your cellphone, laptop, or desktop
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NkC9AiJf7gI

Fill me in.
1. N ___ ___ L ___ ___ S – Controls the cell and contains DNA.
2. ___ E ___ L W ___ ___ L – Outer rigid part of the plant cell.
3. ENDO ___ ___ ___ ___ M ___ ___ ___ RE ___ I ___ ___ LUM – Transport
substances like proteins.
4. ___ IB ___ ___ OM ___ ___ - Help the cell with protein synthesis.
5. V ___ CU ___ ___ ES – store food, water, and waste.
6. C ___ L L M ___ ___ B R ___ N E – Controls what goes in and out of the cell.
7. C H ___ O ___ ___ P ___ A S ___ - Convert food through photosynthesis.
8. N U C ___ ___ ___ L ___ ___ - Makes ribosomal subunits from proteins.
9. ___ Y S ___ ___ O M ___ ___ - Help break things down
10. C E L L ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ - Provides structure to the cell.

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 Let’s Elaborate

Cell is the smallest unit of life. All cells may be classified into basic cell types-
the simple prokaryotes and the more complex eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells are
found in simple organisms such as bacteria. These simple cells lack nucleus but
possess a region, called nucleoid region, where it stores the hereditary information
(DNA). Eukaryotic cells have its genetic material (DNA) encased inside a distinct
nucleus, and its organelles are nearly arranged in compartments surrounded by
membranes.

Figure 6.1 Prokaryotic Cell

and Eukaryotic Cell

Parts and Functions of a Cell

Take Note:
Organelles are tiny organs that perform important life processes in the cell.

Click the given link below on your cellphone, laptop, or desktop

to experience cell interaction
https://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model_js.htm

The cell has different components that perform specific

functions. The following shows the basic parts (from outside to
inside) and functions of a cell:
• Cell wall
- The function of the cell wall is to protect and provide
structural support to the cell.
• Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane
- A semipermeable membrane. A structure that controls
the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
• Cytoplasm
- It forms the largest part of the cell where most life Figure 6.2 Plant Cell
process occur. It is made up of fluid-like substances that
contain membrane bound organelles.
• Nucleus
- Is an oval structure that is the control center of the cell.

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 Figure 6.3 Nucleus Figure 5.4 Endoplasmic Reticulum
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/

• Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Is a network of canals formed by a membranous structure that transports
proteins and other chemicals.
- Two types of endoplasmic reticulum:
▪ The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is an organelle where
most of the ribosomes are attached.
▪ the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a branching canal
(without ribosomes) that distributes large molecules inside the
cell.
• Ribosomes
- Are small granular structures attached to the surface of the endoplasmic
reticulum. It helps produce proteins.
• Golgi Apparatus/Golgi bodies
- A stack of flattened sacs found very close to the
endoplasmic reticulum.
- It modify, sort and package proteins produced in the
ribosomes that are embedded in the RER.
• Vesicles
Figure 6.5 Golgi
- Are organelles that transport materials in and out of apparatus
the cell.
• Mitochondria
- A double-membraned, sausage-shaped organelles
involved in the production of energy.
• Vacuoles
- Are round, water-filled sac floating in the cytoplasm.
- Plant cells contain large vacuoles, called central Figure 6.6 Mitochondria
https://micro.magnet.fsu
vacuoles while animal cells contain a small vacuole. .edu/
- It stores food and other materials needed by the cell.
• Lysosomes
- Small spherical structures responsible for the digestive activities of the cell.
• Chloroplast
- Chloroplasts are irregularly shaped green structures that
contain a green pigment called the chlorophyll. Chlorophyll
captures energy from the sun and converts it into food.
- It is present only in plant cell.
• Cytoskeleton Figure 6.7 Chloroplast
https://www.shutterstoc
- Is a network of thin and fibrous filaments that serve k.com/
as the “bones and muscles” of cells.

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 Figure 6.8 Plant and Animal Cell

Let’s Dig In

Activity 1.2
Virtual Lab. DIRECTIONS: Examine the picture of the different cell below. Describe
each cell. Write whether it is plant or animal cell.

A.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
________________________________
B.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
________________________________
C.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
________________________________

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 Let’s Remember

Activity 1.3
Identify the numbered parts and give their function. Use the table below for your
answers. (Note: The lysosomes are oval, and the vacuoles are more rounded.)
A. Animal Cell

Parts Functions
12. Nucleus
13. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
14 Ribosome
15. Cytoplasm
16. Nucleolus
17. Golgi body
18. Cell membrane
19. Cytoskeleton
20. Lysosome
21. Mitochondria
22. Vacuole
B. Plant Cell

Parts Functions
14. Nucleus

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 15. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
16. Cell wall
17. Ribosome
18. Cytoplasm
19. Nucleolus
20. Golgi body
21. Cell membrane
22. Cytoskeleton
23. Lysosome
24. Mitochondria
25. Vacuole
26. Chloroplast

Let’s Apply

Activity 1.4
Cell Analogy. A cell is like our school. Each part of the cell (and school) has
responsibilities that must be done and certain organelles (people or places) will
perform it.
DIRECTIONS: Complete the table below by comparing the cell to a school. The first
one is your example.
Counterpart (School Organelle Function in Cell Why analogy
Personnel) works
Example:
1. Security Guard Cell Controls what It controls who will
membrane goes into and out enter the school
of the cell
2. Janitor Lysosome
3. Principal Nucleus
4. Canteen Manager Mitochondria
5. School Driver Vesicles
6. Teachers Ribosomes

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 Let’s Evaluate

DIRECTIONS: Use the word bank to answer the questions.

Ribosome Nucleus Cell wall

Mitochondria Vacuole Cytoplasm
Cell membrane Golgi body Lysosome
Nucleolus Chloroplast Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoskeleton Smooth ER Rough ER

1. _______________ uses the energy of sunlight to produce glucose during

photosynthesis.
2. _______________ provides strength and shape to the cell; network of protein
fibers.
3. _______________ control center of the cell.
4. _______________ surrounds the internal cell parts; controls the passage of
materials in and out.
5. _______________ vesicle that contains substances that break down materials.
6. _______________ produces energy.
7. _______________ provides rigid structure and protection; made of cellulose.
8. _______________ vesicle that provides storage of water and other materials.
9. _______________ packages and transports proteins from the ER to other parts of
the cell.
10. _______________ passageways that transport proteins within the cell
11. _______________ everything inside of the cell membrane except for the
nucleus.
12. _______________ composed of protein and RNA; involved in ribosome
production.
13. _______________ where proteins are made in the cells.
14. _______________ a type of endoplasmic reticulum that contains ribosomes.
15. _______________ a type of endoplasmic reticulum that transports large
molecules inside the cell.

Alternatively, please answer these questions above online!

Use the link on your cellphone, laptop, or desktop:
https://forms.gle/qJfzoPkmkocufp3z7
You will see the score after completing the test.
Write your score on the given circle.

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References

Asuncion, J. A. et al (2017). Science 7 Learner’s Material. Department of Education.

Pavico, J.M.F., Faraon, G.D., Ramos, A.C.M., Bayquen,A.V., and Silverio, A.A.
(2016). Exploring Life Through Science 7. Phoenix Publishing House Inc.
Nadora A.C.G., Pineda R.P., Cerna, R.I, and Villanueva, F.J.Z. (2013). Conceptual
Science and Beyond 7. Brilliant Creations Publishing Inc.
Jam Campus (2018). The Parts of a Cell Song. Retrieved from:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NkC9AiJf7gI
Canzoner, R. (2015). Cell Analogy: A Factory. Retrieved from:
https://prezi.com/hqun2aj4kqa5/cell-analogy-a-factory/
National Geographic Society (2019). History of the Cell: Discovering the Cell.
Retrieved from: https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/history-cell-
discovering-cell/
Biology Reference (2020). History of Biology: Cell Theory and Cell Structure.
Retrieved from: http://www.biologyreference.com/Gr-Hi/History-of-Biology-
Cell-Theory-and-Cell-Structure.html
Biology LibreTexts (2020). 5.2: Discovery of Cells and Cell Theory. Retrieved from:
https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Book:_Human_Biolo
gy_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/05:_Cells/5.02:_Discovery_of_Cells_and_Cell_T
heory

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 Development Team of the Module
Writers: JESSIBEL C. SALVADOR, T I
Editors:
Content Evaluator: MINERVA M. CONTRERAS, MT II
JANETH G. MAMANSAG, MT II
JENNY G. BELZA, T II
AGAPE GRACE D. RIVEZA, T II
MARY ANNE G. CAMBA, T I
Language Evaluator: JULIE ANNE M. RAMA, T I
Reviewer: MARIA REIA P. RAMOS, T I
Illustrator: VICTOR G. TALEON, T I
Layout Artist: VICTOR G. TALEON, T I
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
DR. MARIVIC T. ALMO, Science – Education Program Supervisor
DR DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS – LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: [email protected]

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