Gold Exp B1P SB Answer Key

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 2ND EDITION B1+
STARTER FUN TIMES

READ ON
2 A ticket B poster C online form D certificate E advert
3 1 game design, 5 days
2 12–14 July, Green Park
3 £25, anyone 8 years old or older
4 return, 10.30
5 art classes, if there are classes at the weekend
4 A travel B music C art D technology E sport
LISTEN UP
5 1 In 2 to 3 at 4 on 5 out 6 at 7 from
7 A 2, 3, 6, 7 B 1, 5 Neither: 4
WRITE ON
10 Model answer
My name is Alesha Wilson and I’m in Year 8. In my spare time,
I enjoy singing and playing tennis and of course, hanging out
with my friends! At school I really enjoy learning languages
because I think that’s important in today’s world. I also like
learning about geography and what other countries are like to
live in. This year, I hope to join the school choir and also maybe
start a new hobby like hip-hop. I also hope to do a running
challenge for charity – you know, to raise money. I really hope
I can get fit enough!
Photocopiable © Pearson Education Limited 2019 7

1 THE TRUE YOU

READING VOCABULARY
2 people who get up early in the morning 1 1 get into 2 encourage 3 is worth it 4 take pride in
3 Antonio lives in Mexico (and China is fifteen hours ahead 5 put (you) off 6 give up on
of this part of Mexico.) 2 1 raise 2 charity 3 care for 4 survey 5 campaign
Yes, he likes Li Wei. (it’s awesome getting to know someone 6 poverty 7 contribute 8 help out 9 volunteer
from a completely different culture) 3 1 F 2 A 3 C
4 1 D I’ve been selling bread to neighbours for the last three 4 1 incredible (NOT scary – he uses that word to describe real
months, to help me pay for a school trip to Kenya … space travel)
2 A We got into it after seeing an online video clip. The guy 2 relaxing (NOT tiring – she uses that word to describe her
in the video does incredible jumps … day at school)
3 B … my brain is a bit slow at that time in the morning. 3 stressful
4 A It’s only possible to go horse surfing on an empty beach – 5 1 responsible (noun: response and verb: respond)
we don’t want to crash into anyone. That means early 2 understandable (verb: understand)
mornings, unfortunately …
3 memorable (noun: memory)
5 B But we’re both improving fast …
4 comfortable (noun: comfort and verb: comfort)
6 A It’s getting more popular every year.
5 sensible (noun: sense and verb: sense)
7 D I often feel pretty exhausted later in the day, though. I could
6 fashionable (noun: fashion)
definitely do with an early night tonight!
8 C … nine times out of ten I don’t get a good photo.
LISTENING
9 B I practise my Chinese, which is really useful because it’s my
ambition to study it at university 2 weather, warm, clothing B is the correct answer.
10 C The ‘golden hours’ – that’s what photographers call the hour 3 1 B It was a bit disappointing that we didn’t manage to climb
after sunrise and the hour before … capturing nature in all a different mountain every day. That was the idea.
its beauty A is incorrect: We were quite lucky – it was mostly cold
5 1 worm 2 saddle 3 ahead of 4 shots 5 disturb and sunny.
6 come across 7 sleep in 8 pretty C is incorrect: I’d packed lots of winter clothing, which kept
6 Possible answers me warm.
1 Neither Antonio nor Josh do something that 2 A Then I fell over on stage and everyone laughed at me.
involves animals. B is incorrect: I’ll probably fail. (Ie, she hasn’t taken the
2 None of them say they like getting up early. exam yet.)
3 Only Josh makes money from the activity. C is incorrect: I was wearing these trousers that were really
tight and uncomfortable on my legs and I couldn’t dance
4 Both Camille and Petra are outside in the early morning.
properly.
5 Three of them do their early morning activity with
3 B I hope there aren’t any storms, because I don’t want to
other people.
get seasick.
GRAMMAR A is incorrect: a charity is paying towards my place on the
trip, so we don’t have to pay much.
1 A get B does C smell D ’m E making F feel, are C is incorrect: ‘Will your parents let you go?’ ‘I don’t think
G takes, don’t it’ll be a problem.’
2 Dan’s dream is to be a writer. He spends a few hours every 4 B The company has agreed to his food request. (And earlier:
week working on his novel. How many times do people need to share this message
3 1 are you doing, D 2 work, A 3 escapes, B 4 sounds, C for me to get free food for a year?)
5 ’m always changing, E A is incorrect: Although he’s not reached 18 million …
4 1 My sister spends all her free time kayaking in summer. C is incorrect: Let’s hope he doesn’t break any records for
(OR In summer, my sister spends …) putting on weight! (News reporter’s joke)
2 She usually gets to the river at about 9 a.m. 5 C I’m always spilling coffee on my shirt.
3 I work on my idea for a new game most weekends. (OR A is incorrect: It’s never dull working there
Most weekends, I work on …) B is incorrect: We have to wear a kind of uniform – a smart
4 My brother is always borrowing my boots – it’s so annoying! white shirt and a black skirt. It’s not too bad.
5 I didn’t read the last chapter. Does Annie follow her dream 6 B I think he got annoyed because I spent a lot of time
in the end? (OR In the end, does Annie follow …?) practising the guitar, so I couldn’t meet up with him much.
5 1 need 2 Do you know 3 joins 4 don’t understand A is incorrect: We still share a lot of interests.
5 train four times a week 6 is looking C is incorrect: We weren’t in the same class, but we were
7 is always complaining 8 doesn’t like 9 always works always together outside school. (I.e. not being in the same
class isn’t the reason their friendship ended.)

7 C ‘He’s already made a film that’s been shown at an USE OF ENGLISH 2

international film festival! That’s amazing!’ ‘Wow! I’m sure
it isn’t easy to get into film-making.’ 2 1 A 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 B 6 A/B 7 B 8 B 9 A 10 A/B
A is incorrect: ‘I bet he gets a lot of help from his parents, 5 1 Pale 2 outfit 3 accessories 4 bold 5 cute
though, or other adults.’ ‘No, I don’t think so.’ 6 smart, casual
B is incorrect: ‘I guess that’s the best way to get successful 6 A, C and D are incorrect. (See Ex 7 below for reasons.)
when you’re a teenager.’ ‘Not for him! Not many people saw 7 1 B Item of clothing is a collocation. The other words never
those videos.’ follow item of.
8 A That’s not good enough, Jen! You have to treat your 2 A If you are responsible for something, you make it happen.
stuff better. The other words don’t fit the meaning of the sentence.
B is incorrect: Let’s put your kit in the wash right now. 3 B Customers buy things. The other words are for people
(I.e. in time for the match tomorrow.) who sell or produce things, so don’t fit here.
C is incorrect: I haven’t seen your kit. (I.e. her daughter 4 D Suitable is often followed by for, and means that the
never gave it to her to wash.) trousers are a good choice for the situation. Comfortable
4 1 Something disappointing is not as good as you hoped or is not possible here because the sentence later talks
expected. about how strong the denim was. Comfort was not the
2 If a situation is embarrassing, it makes you feel customers’ aim.
uncomfortable and your face often goes red. 5 C If you are into something, you’re interested in it.
3 Breaking a record is when you do something better or The other words don’t fit the meaning of the sentence.
faster than anyone has ever done it before. 6 A An outfit is a set of clothes, and is the best word to
4 If you spill something, it falls out of the container that it describe the jeans, t-shirt and jacket worn together.
should be in. Dress can mean a set of clothes that we were for a
5 If you hardly talk to someone, you almost never talk to them. specific occasion, but doesn’t fit here. Set of clothes would
work here, but not set on its own. An accessory is a bag,
6 I bet means I’m fairly sure.
necklace, etc., but not clothes like jeans.
7 The final of a competition is the last race or match,
7 C A zip joins together the top front parts of a pair of
which decides the winner.
trousers. The other words are parts of different types of
clothes, but aren’t found on trousers.
USE OF ENGLISH 1 8 A People own clothes and wear clothes, but we don’t
1 1 C 2 E 3 A 4 F 5 D 6 B usually talk about using clothes. Clothes belong to people,
2 1 ’ve been singing 2 they haven’t done 3 it’s been chasing but people can’t belong to clothes. You can wear jeans,
4 I’ve been asking 5 I haven’t (even) touched but not seven pairs at the same time!
6 Have (you ever) seen
3 1 ever 2 since 3 just 4 already 5 for 6 still 7 yet SPEAKING
8 never 1 A, C, E and F are suitable.
Exam tip 4 1 a big fan of 2 especially 3 into 4 to be honest
I have 5 In fact 6 To be honest 7 can’t stand 8 actually
4 1 time I’ve worn OR time that I’ve worn OR time I’ve ever 9 especially 10 enjoy
worn OR time I have worn OR time that I have worn OR 5 1 D 2 F 3 B 4 A 5 E 6 C
time I have ever worn
We use the present perfect simple with it’s the first time. WRITING
2 has been studying fashion for OR ‘s been studying fashion 5 1 E 2 A 3 B 4 C 5 D
We use the present perfect continuous for actions that 6 giving a reason: because, since, owing to, as, due to
started in the past and are still continuing. explaining a result: as a result, so, therefore
3 often comes to/into OR regularly comes to/into comes is 1 because
in the present simple, for a repeated action. An adverb of
2 owing to, due to
frequency is needed to reflect the meaning of the word
3 so, as
regular in the original sentence.
4 since, as a result, therefore
4 have not (haven’t) seen you for
7 1 because 2 Due to 3 so 4 As a result 5 Since 6 as
We use the present perfect simple with for + a period of time
7 owing to 8 Therefore
5 has just given OR just gave
Sentences that support the idea that city life is better:
We use the present perfect simple with just, for recently
completed actions. In informal speech, the past simple can 1, 3, 6, 7, 8
also be used. 9 Five paragraphs – also need an introduction and a conclusion
6 is always forgetting OR ‘s always forgetting Model answer
We use the present continuous with always for something Many people believe cities are bad places for young people
that happens often and is usually annoying to grow up. However, I think they can be an excellent
environment for teenagers.
Cities usually have more air pollution than the countryside,
due to all the traffic. It’s true that this is not very good for
young people, but the air quality in many cities is improving,
and it’s usually possible to avoid walking in the places with the
dirtiest air.

In my opinion, it’s good for young people to have interesting UNIT CHECK
lives, and life is much more interesting in a city owing to the
wider choice of entertainment. I’m really into music, so going
to concerts is really important to me. Since I wouldn’t be able Review
to do this easily if I lived in the countryside, I would find life 1 1 B 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 A 6 B
there very boring. 2 1 I’ve been calling 2 have you been doing
Another advantage for teenagers in cities is that they’re more 3 I’ve been reading 4 Have you ever read
likely to live near their friends. As a result, they can get together 5 We’ve never seen 6 has been sitting
more easily at weekends and build stronger friendships.
3 A ill animals D early mornings E money F dirty clothes
In conclusion, I don’t believe that city life is bad for young
4 1 has enjoyed (OR have enjoyed) 2 like 3 doesn’t wear
people. For most teenagers, cities are very good places to live.
4 don’t usually stay 5 has been caring 6 is always telling
SWITCH ON 7 are getting
5 1 ever 2 have 3 doesn’t 4 since 5 been 6 already
2 1 meeting people from outside your normal friendship group
7 was 8 is
2 talking to other members about personal problems
1 We use the present perfect simple with ever to ask about
3 learning to be more positive about other people any time up to now.
3 2 acrobatics, spinning plates, walking on balls (stilt walking, 2 We use the present perfect simple with never to talk about
riding a unicycle, juggling are also shown but not mentioned) things we haven’t done up to now.
3 Possible answers 3 We use the present simple for present facts.
rock climbing, dancing, playing in an orchestra, etc. 4 We use the present perfect with since + a date or time in
4 a couple of weeks the past.
5 We use the present perfect continuous to emphasise that
INDEPENDENT LEARNING an activity has been going on for a long time.
1 All except 4 and 7 6 We use the present perfect with already for something that
3 1 responsible 2 independent 3 positive 4 Understand happened before now.
5 Choose 6 Improve 7 We use the past simple for states and actions in the past
when we know/mention the time.
UNIT CHECK 8 We use the present continuous for actions happening now.
6 Model answer
Practice Hooray! Autumn is here so I can finally put away my shorts,
swimsuits and flip flops, and swap my tops with thin straps
1 1 enjoyable 2 sensible 3 tiring 4 reliable 5 stressful
for ones with long sleeves. In autumn I love dressing in casual
6 relaxing clothes such as jeans and sweatshirts, although my parents
2 1 bow tie 2 wig 3 sleeves 4 zip 5 hood are always telling me to wear something more feminine –
6 wedding ring it’s so annoying! When I have to wear a smarter outfit, I put
3 1 raise 2 poverty 3 bold 4 strap 5 comfortable on my favourite pale blue dress, which I’ve had for a couple
6 fashionable 7 accessories 8 worth of years. I don’t often wear accessories, but I have a cute
necklace that looks great with that dress.

2 YOU’LL NEVER BELIEVE THIS …

READING LISTENING
4 1 D 2 C 3 A 4 E 5 F 6 B 1 Students’ own answers
5 The second sentence explains that last week there were 2 A look away guiltily B rub your nose C touch your mouth
delays. The fourth sentence explains that escaped cows D go red E speak quickly F laugh nervously G hesitate
found their way to the railway station. Both of these H sweat
examples are problems, but it is the second sentence that 3 sweat, hesitate, look away guiltily
gives the answer (D).
4–5
A is not correct. The text says the railway workers moved
1 lie 2 true 3 true
the cows off the platform.
6 C or F could be possible so these can be checked on
B is not correct. The text does not mention how far away
2nd listening
the farms were.
7 1 F I thought it would be simpler to hide my thoughts than
C is not correct. Passengers’ journey times were probably
to disagree with him and make him angry.
lengthened, but the text does not say they complained
about this. 2 C S he looked so pleased … I couldn’t tell her what I was
really thinking So what could I say? She obviously liked
6 1 D there were more delays than usual on certain train lines
it so I said it looked fantastic.
in the south of England
3 H I wanted to show the other kids that I was like them.
2 A a new style of skyscraper – one that would hang from an
asteroid and then, amazingly, travel thousands of miles 4 D H owever, I told my parents that I didn’t mind. That made
each day over the continents. it easier for me to cope – and eventually, to move on.
3 C I can’t quite get my head around that, can you? 5 B H e and I used to have secret chats about where they
should go … . I was in a difficult position so I simply said
4 D Most of us have learnt about the Ancient Egyptians in
‘I don’t know’.
our history lessons, and the way they used to cover their
royal tombs … Then, in more recent history, there are the
funny stone faces called gargoyles … And now, a Dutch USE OF ENGLISH 1
architect has decorated the outside of a building with 2 1 A as B than C far
concrete emojis. 2 funniest, least
5 B She didn’t even know how many letters there were in the 3 1 the quietest 2 worst 3 more difficult 4 biggest
English alphabet – and that was after three years! 5 good as
6 C So I tried to discover sources of lighter news from around 4 Exam tip
the world that would give us a more positive view of things. Negative
7 1 D 2 A 3 F 4 H 5 I 6 E 7 C 8 B 9 G 5 1 more confident than she used
2 weren’t (were not) as funny as
GRAMMAR 3 disappeared far more quickly
1 1 D 2 F 3 A 4 G 5 B 6 E 7 C 4 sang well enough/was a good enough singer
2 They are all talking about something that went wrong. 5 as hard as Karl (does)
3 1 fell over 2 were planning, managed 6 the first time I had/I’d
3 had/’d packed, had/’d forgotten 4 was running, was sliding
4 1 Did you hear 2 locked 3 did she manage 4 ran USE OF ENGLISH 2
5 had forgotten 6 went 7 picked 8 had shut 9 waited 2 1 spotted 2 was crashing 3 was staring 4 dropped
10 Did she eat 11 had melted 5 yelled 6 waved 7 remained 8 hurried 9 confirm
5 1 used to 2 used to/would 3 didn’t use to 4 used to 3 A noisily, suspiciously, anxiously, quickly, nervously
6 1 was reading 2 noticed 3 had never seen B just
4 hadn’t lost 5 asked 6 took 7 shook C last week, at the end of her street, a few minutes later,
8 used to almost live/were almost living Afterwards
4 1 nervous 2 nervously 3 hope 4 truthfully 5 noisy
VOCABULARY 6 suspicious 7 frequent 8 frequently 9 finally
5 adjective, –ious
DESCRIBING THINGS
6 1 mysterious 2 reality 3 easily 4 Hopefully 5 massive
2 1 awesome 2 ridiculous 3 delicious 4 terrifying
6 frequently 7 powerful 8 strength
4 1 has (got) a head for heights 2 had to laugh 3 turns up
4 are hanging around 5 hang out
SPEAKING
5 1 a head for heights 2 hang out 3 find your way
3 1 the main similarity 2 but 3 as though
4 get your head around
4 Student’s own answers

WRITING UNIT CHECK

4 1 Adjectives: fantastic, worried, complicated
2 Adverbs: badly, seriously, suddenly, eventually, luckily, Practice
unfortunately 1 1 spotted 2 confirmed 3 dropped 4 remained 5 yelled
3 Interesting verbs: panic, hang, slip, dry, wipe off, lend 2–3
5 Possible answers 1 wacky 2 herd 3 loads of 4 sweating 5 delay
1 I got up suddenly, picked up my heavy school bag and left 4 1 seriously 2 brilliant 3 hopefully 4 Finally 5 ridiculously
the house immediately. 6 suspiciously
2 He sat down tiredly in the armchair and read a(n) old book.
3 She walked anxiously to the park, where she talked to her Review
best friends.
1 1 was doing, rang 2 got off, waited 3 used to
4 They watched a terrible film on TV while they waited
4 was watching, was chatting 5 would ask
hopefully for the phone to ring.
6 were living 7 had 8 hadn’t rained
6 1 I felt as though a black cloud was hanging over me.
2 1 more slowly 2 the most famous 3 less patiently
2 Using similes makes your language more expressive.
4 harder 5 better 6 least interesting 7 brave enough
3 Using too many similes can be distracting for your readers.
8 as funny as 9 less carefully 10 worst
7 Possible answers
3 1 tried on 2 was walking 3 lit up 4 told 5 had read
1 happiness, sadness, shock
6 saw 7 didn’t have 8 were talking
2 excitement, happiness, pride, satisfaction
4 1 No, he hadn’t. 2 He used to read more books
3 excitement, panic, stress
3 He saw the film Life of Pi. 4 No he hadn’t.
9 Examples: chat, shout, argue, communicate, contact, explain, etc.
5 She thought it was one of the saddest stories she’d ever read.
11 Model answer
6 He was listening to (the audio book of) Diary of a Wimpy Kid.
The day when everything went wrong was last Saturday. I had
stayed up late the night before to finish a school project. Then 7 It was the funniest thing he’d ever heard.
I’d got up early to catch the train to visit my cousin in a nearby 6 Model answer
town. Of course I fell asleep on the train – and I missed my I saw a piece of news about elephants. A baby elephant
station! So I had to get off at the next one, explain my mistake was in a muddy river and couldn’t climb out so it was stuck.
and get the next train going back. I felt as if it were a bad The parents were on the bank and tried to help but the
dream! baby’s legs were too short to climb up the river bank. It was
I contacted my cousin and told him what had happened. also extremely slippery and the baby kept on falling back into
He came to meet me at the station and we went rowing on the water. Eventually, the mother elephant went down into
a nearby lake. The day was improving! the river and pushed the baby up the bank with her trunk.
However, that evening, my uncle and aunt took us out for Finally, the baby was safe and sound again and the whole
a meal in a restaurant. We were chatting about my art project family walked away. I liked watching this because it shows that
and I was waving my hands around explaining something when animals have feelings like us and they care for each other just
I accidentally knocked over my cousin’s drink. It went all over as we do.
his jeans and trainers! It was so embarrassing but he was great
about it. Fortunately, the place was warm and he soon dried off.
I’m worried, though, that he might not invite me back again!
SWITCH ON
2 London: in a garden, on a beach, in a furniture shop, in a van,
in a churchyard, in a camper van, on a table
Kenya: in a cage, in the wild
3 1 F (they bought him from a big department store, Harrods)
2 T 3 T 4 F (he stayed in the countryside for four months)
5 T 6 F (they returned almost one year later)
4 Possible answers They were very sad to see him go. They had
formed a strong friendship/relationship.

3 THE WORLD AROUND US

READING VOCABULARY
2 Possible answer 1 1 a 2 b 3 a 4 a 5 b 6 a
How animals and humans are dependent on each other, how 2 1 make sense 2 make do with 3 do my bit 4 do without
to speak calmly and authoritatively and without anger, to be 5 Make sure
more mature, to calm down and be more aware of what you 4 Food miles are the distance a certain food has to travel from
are about to do its point of origin (where it was grown) to its final destination
3 To give inner-city schoolchildren the opportunity to stay at the (where it is eaten).
farm and to help children who were having emotional difficulties. 5 1 increasing 2 production 3 make 4 consumers
4 E 5 available 6 transported 7 imports 8 do 9 season
5 1 E There will be organic produce from the farm, fresh 6 blue is stressed syllable:
vegetables and salads, and puddings using home-grown Verb: answer, comment, increase, produce, purchase,
fruit. This is one of the ways … How else do they manage transport, travel
to do this?
Noun: answer, comment, increase, produce, purchase,
2 C groups of inner-city schoolchildren could come and stay transport, travel
on a weekly basis. They would all play a full part in running
the farm … Hopefully, any kids with emotional difficulties
or problems at school …
LISTENING
3 F Some are afraid of getting dirty; others are panicking 2 1 family origins, your family history
because they … . But it’s pretty certain they’ll soon realise 2 an event where there are talks on a particular subject
that … By looking after creatures in these small but 3 not give any attention or importance to something
significant ways 4 show publicly that you think something is wrong; a period
4 A all you can hear is the wind blowing in your face and the of time when a person refuses to do something for
sound of birdsong … For many, it is that lack of traffic a particular reason
noise that helps them … . ‘You can just sit on the grass and 5 stop something from happening, usually by law; chemicals
think calmly about everything used to kill insects, pests and small animals
5 G Of course, there are fun times too, like jumping in the river 6 when you are brave in a difficult situation
or the egg-throwing game. If you catch one whole, you’re 3 1 He’s a hip-hop artist.
in; if you catch one and it breaks, you’re out! 2 He lives in Boulder, Colorado.
6 B One girl expresses her intentions … One of the boys 3 He won a campaign to ban pesticides from local parks.
describes how he feels differently now. ‘I’ll stop and think
4 languages (He speaks three languages fluently.)
before I act,’ he claims.
5 1 languages, He speaks three languages fluently:
6 1 chopping 2 lack 3 resource 4 significant 5 impact
English, Spanish and Nahuatl
6 obey 7 authority 8 intention 9 comment
2 speech, he even gave a speech at a conference
10 aggressive
3 gift, he understood that all these natural resources didn’t
belong to him but that they were a gift.
GRAMMAR 4 generation, That’s my generation and I think his voice is
1 1 C 2 H 3 B 4 F 5 D 6 E 7 A 8 G so important for us.
3 The boy is going to do/be doing a homework project on the 5 world leaders, Itzcuauhtli got so fed up with world leaders
environment. The girl is going to make a pizza. who promised lots of things but didn’t take enough action
4 1 will be doing 2 is going to watch 3 is about to start 6 sister, I didn’t know this but Xiuhtezcatl also sings with
5 1 I’m going 2 I’ll be picking 3 In two days’ time 4 will be his sister,
5 falls 6 about to 7 issues, he writes songs to talk about the important issues
6 Speaker 1: a teacher facing the world
Speaker 2: a student 8 parks, he carried out a campaign to ban the use of
Speaker 3: a representative from the organisation pesticides from the local parks
7 1 about 2 until 3 definitely 4 going 5 probably 6 be 9 (any) notes, Xiuhtezcatl talked for half an hour without
7 are 8 won’t looking at any notes
10
unusual, the word I’d use for him is … unusual.

USE OF ENGLISH 1 WRITING

1 1 such a 2 such 3 enough 4 too 1 Students’ own answers
2 1 so much 2 enough 3 such a lot 4 too 5 so 2 1 C 2 A 3 D 4 B
3 The word after the gap is an adjective (high). The answer is so. 3 Students’ own answers
4 1 so 2 such 3 much 4 many 5 not 4 Making a bug hotel, starting an environmental group, creating
6 going/about/helping 7 time 8 be a garden or wildlife area, not accepting plastic cups, not
leaving the tap running
USE OF ENGLISH 2 5 a personal opinion: I really care about not using a lot of plastic
packaging and not wasting water.
3 1 Wolves live in Europe, Asia, Canada and the USA.
anecdotes: One school in Montreal did this and the pictures
2 They aren’t endangered everywhere but they are in some
on their blog are really cool.
parts of the USA. [Note: they are now extinct in many parts
of the world, e.g. the UK, where they used to live in the suggestions or advice to the reader: Well, then perhaps it’s
wild.] In many countries they are a protected species. time to consider how you can help.
3 Wolves live in groups called packs. personal experience of the subject, giving examples: I’ve heard
about some cool ideas that are simple to do. For example, in
4 Phrasal verbs ticked: chop down (= cut sth, e.g. a tree,
order to protect the insect life and the bugs in our gardens,
off completely, at the bottom of the trunk, also cut down),
we can make a bug hotel.
cut down ( = see chop down), die out (= become extinct
(a species), get (a message) across (= make sb clearly direct reference to the reader: Are you a bug-lover or a lover
understand what you are saying, throw away (throw sth of nature generally?
into the rubbish) an interesting title: Bugs and other interesting things
Only die out does not take an object. rhetorical questions: Doesn’t that sound fun?
Definitions for remaining verbs: clean up = clean a place, 5 Ideas mentioned were: the bug hotel, starting an
e.g. a beach, completely of rubbish; kill off = kill animals, etc. environmental group, having a wildlife garden at school, not
so there are no more left of that species. using much plastic and not wasting water
5 1 chopped down; True (many trees are chopped down 6 In order to protect the insect life and the bugs in our gardens,
each year) we can make a bug hotel.
2 killed off; False (wolves do not normally kill bears) Maybe part of your school playground could become a garden or
3 gets the message across; True (cities involved are London, a wildlife area so that everyone can have hands-on experience.
Birmingham and Manchester) 7 1 so that 2 for 3 in order to/so as to 4 so that
4 die out; True 5 so as to/in order to
(many are still being killed for the ivory in their tusks)
5 clean up; True (there is an enormous amount of plastic in WRITE ON
our oceans) 8 I’ve heard about some great ideas that are simple to do.
7 A and B can be deleted because of their meaning. I’ve also read about some brilliant environmental organisations.
8 1 C ‘highly unlikely’ is a collocation I really care about not using plastic packaging and not
2 B ‘natural habitat’ is a collocation wasting water.
3 D ‘died out’ is the only intransitive phrasal verb here Yes, they all introduce the topic of their paragraphs.
4 A ‘results’ is the only word that fits the meaning here
5 B ‘increase rapidly’ is a collocation and the only adverb SWITCH ON
that fits logically here 2 The reindeer migrate to feed and to give birth.
6 D ‘huge success’ is a collocation 3 1 No, they live in normal houses for most of the year.
7 C ‘get (a message) across’ is the only phrasal verb that 2 They wear reindeer skins because they are warmer than
fits here normal clothes.
8 A ‘Although’ is the only conjunction that fits the sentence. 3 They eat grass and give birth to calves.
‘However/Since/Because’ do not make sense. 4 On the way to the island, they go by boat. On the way home,
they swim.
SPEAKING 5 She will have to decide whether or not she wants to continue
2 protecting bats: C, F being a traditional Sami herder.
looking after elderly donkeys: B, J
finding homes for caged hens: D, H
cleaning up beaches and parks: A, G, I
fruit-picking on organic farm: E, I
3 C, D, F, H, G
4 Phrases used: Yes, that’s true. I think that would be fantastic.
You’re right there.
5 1 That’s true although some people might prefer to go
fruit-picking.
2 Not everyone enjoys clearing up rubbish.
3 What do you think?

UNIT CHECK
Practice
1 1 C 2 B 3 C 4 A 5 B
2 1 hands-on experience 2 manual labour
3 natural resources 4 climate change
3 1 do my bit 2 make sure 3 die out 4 chop/cut down
5 do without 6 throw it away 7 made do with
8 get a message across
Review
1 1 I’ll be watching 2 I’ll tell 3 going to say 4 is helping
5 gets 6 will be
2 1 The holidays are in three weeks’ time.
2 Valentina will be relaxing at her aunt Santana’s hotel.
3 Some school friends are going with her.
4 She’s going to do some painting.
3 1 so clean that 2 such a hot day
3 so much/such a lot of rain 4 weren’t enough parks
5 too heavy to 6 too fast (for us) 7 so much
8 too many clothes to
4 1 been 2 This 3 where 4 to 5 soon 6 are 7 will 8 a
5 Model answer
This weekend, my family and I are going to a big forest
where there are zip wires. My sister and I are planning to try
zip-wiring for the first time. I can’t wait! My mum won’t be
joining us though because she’s scared of heights. My dad will
probably have a go, I think, although I’m not completely sure
about that!
After that, we’re coming home and my sister and I are going
to make pizza for everyone. I hope it won’t be raining at the
weekend but I don’t really care – I will still go on the zip wire!
I know I’m going to have a great time.

4 MAKE IT HAPPEN
READING 4 1 of, of 2 about, at, at 3 about, about 4 on, about, of
5 1 brilliant/good, fed up
2 1 Christopher Taylor 2 Okhalia Buchanan 3 Alesha Kelly
2 popular, afraid/frightened
3 Key words (suggested answers): competitors at Champs,
3 addicted, embarrassed/worried/anxious
members of athletics teams, around the world, doing well
4 capable, stressed/worried/anxious
in their sport, can help, families, won Olympic medals, win,
international running races
Information in text: teenagers see athletics as a way to build
LISTENING
a better life for themselves and their families 4 Speaker 5. He is worried about getting homesick and missing
Correct option: B his friends and family. He is also worried it might be cold.
5 1 B Teenagers see athletics as a way to build a better life for 5 Possible answer
themselves and their families. Decisions make me feel worried, even if they aren’t even very
2 C Several hours of training on top of school work every day important.
is an exhausting routine. 6 1 H I kept it to myself for ages, but in the end I decided to tell
3 D … far away from friends and family. She has had some my parents. I was really glad I did.
lonely moments. 2 E, I find the internet more useful for advice, because there’s
4 A … be offered a scholarship to a US university by one of always someone out there who’s been through the exact
the many athletics scouts in the crowd who are looking same thing as you.
for talent . 3 A I’m OK with big decisions, but I’m hopeless when it comes
5 C When she was fourteen, she won the 400 metres in a to things that don’t really matter.
time that put her eighth in the world for her age group … 4 B I’d be in hospital now – or worse – if I’d made the
. Since then, Okhalia has had to cope with painful injuries, opposite choice.
and she wasn’t able to compete in the last two Champs. 5 G I never thought for a moment I’d actually get selected.
6 D The aim will be to win every event, not to break world But now they’ve offered me a place, and I don’t know if
records. I should take it up.
6 1 J 2 A 3 H 4 B 5 E 6 G 7 F 8 D 9 C 10 I 8 1 aren’t very important
2 didn’t tell anyone
GRAMMAR 3 hurried
1 1 H 2 G 3 A 4 B 5 D 6 E 7 F 8 C 4 much better
2 1 lifesaving 2 hockey 3 playing the piano 5 feel unhappy because I miss home
3 1 don’t have to 2 able to 3 mustn’t, can’t 4 should 6 stop doing things that upset me
5 couldn’t 6 should’ve/should have 7 purple or brown marks on my skin
4 1 don’t have to = E 8 accept it
2 able to = A 9 experienced
3 mustn’t = C, can’t = C 9 Students’ own answers
4 should = F
5 couldn’t = A USE OF ENGLISH 1
6 should have = G 1 Possible answers
5 1 couldn’t 2 weren’t allowed to 3 had to 4 mustn’t 1 That can’t be true.
5 can 6 ought to 7 needn’t 8 need to 9 ’m able to 2 I should be free but I’ll have to check.
6 1 May 2 able 3 permitted 4 may not 5 don’t need 3 It might be brilliant, but it could be really boring.
6 shouldn’t have 7 had better 8 Would 2 1 different (may refers to future possibility)
2 different (must does not have the same meaning as could,
VOCABULARY i.e. ‘very sure’ vs. ‘it’s possible’)
1 1 rival 2 mate 3 coach 4 role model 5 community 3 same (I’m sure has the same meaning as can’t be,
i.e. very sure)
6 company 7 referee
3 1 must 2 might 3 may 4 could 5 can’t 6 couldn’t
2 1 get me down = D, cheer me up = B
7 should
2 talk it over = C, fall out with = E
4 ‘Difficult’ is the opposite of ‘easy’. Yes, you will need it in
3 get on with = A, get away from = F
the answer.
3 1 getting away from everything
5 1 must be difficult 2 wasn’t able to 3 might not be
2 not being chosen for the school play and her relationship
4 should really enjoy 5 should have/ought to have given
with her friends
6 will have/need to
3 by telling her about an acting club
4 talk things over with her friends and apologise for being
sensitive
5 they will get on better

USE OF ENGLISH 2 SWITCH ON

1 Students’ own answers 2 Possible answers
2 1 Jenny is confident, outgoing, sensitive, and sensible. Alex = friendship and fun (Friendship is important to Alex
2 Jenny’s sister is active and sensible. and a big part of Year-12 life.)
3 Tom is anxious, generous and patient. Angela = sport (Taekwondo helped her when she moved
3 Students’ own answers from China to Australia. It helped her become who she is.)
4 You need an adjective. Yes, you need a prefix (in–), 3 1 T 2 F (they are friends) 3 F (sport is her priority this year)
5 1 competitive 2 unpleasant 3 patience 4 independent 4 T 5 F (it is hard to balance school and competing but
5 anxious 6 impossible 7 ambition 8 aggressive believes she is making the right choice to focus on Taekwondo)
SPEAKING INDEPENDENT LEARNING

2 Battle of the bands: amateur bands get up and compete in an 3 peoples people’s
informal competitionMulticultural feast: people from different On other hand On the other hand
countries or with diverse cultural backgrounds bring foods frends friends
from their own cultures which everyone can sample that than
Games evening: a large social event where people bring along cudn’t couldn’t
various board games, e.g. Monopoly, Trivial Pursuit, chess, etc. some any
and people play what they choose. This could include video on about
games as well.
must had
3 multicultural feast and games evening
defnitly definitely
4 ticked: I think …, In my opinion …, Personally,… It ( just)
depends on …
UNIT CHECK
WRITING
Practice
5 On the one hand, it is lovely to have the latest gadgets …
On the other hand, many people have all these things but 1 1 about, with 2 away, up 3 of, on 4 with, out 5 at, at
despite that, they are unhappy in themselves. 6 about, on
However, people sometimes think they can buy love by giving 2 1 decisive 2 confident 3 generous 4 sensitive
expensive presents. 5 ambitious 6 independent
Although a diamond ring is an amazing gift, a bunch of 4 1 championship 2 coach 3 relationships 4 opponent
flowers may bring more pleasure. 5 optimistic 6 consumer society 7 community 8 intense
To sum up, we can chase happiness …
7 Possible answers Review
One the one hand; On the other hand 1 1 should, can’t 2 shouldn’t 3 allowed 4 may, had
10 Model answer 5 have 6 need
I think that having a particular aim can help you to do better 2 1 will not be able to/won’t be able to
generally in all areas of life. 2 should not have asked /shouldn’t have asked
Regarding your school or college work, on the one hand 3 ought to take up
it is fairly easy just to do your homework and follow the 4 have got to/’ve got to see
lessons. On the other hand, if you have a goal, say, of getting
5 have been performing together for
a grade A, that will make you push yourself more.
6 do not need to get/don’t need to get/need not got
On a personal level, although none of us can ever be perfect,
there’s a lot of opportunity at our age to become the best 3 1 could/would 2 was 3 had 4 allow/permit 5 should
that we can. If you say things to yourself such as ‘I must be 6 did 7 had 8 will
nicer to people’, then that is a way to improve yourself. 4 1 could 2 mustn’t 3 must 4 can’t 5 have to
Not everyone is sporty or musical. However, if you have 5 Model answer
a particular hobby then, in my opinion, it really helps to At school, I think there are ways you could change the
aim for something. For example, I really wanted to get into situation without causing any problems. For example, why
the basketball team and, despite not being the best player, don’t you take up a new sport or hobby – something your
I got there eventually! cousin wasn’t interested in – and join a club at school? That
To sum up, people say that if you fix your mind on something could be ‘your thing’ and if the teachers see you doing well in
good, it will happen to you! So let’s all aim to achieve our something different, then they’ll stop comparing you to him.
personal goals. As far as your parents are concerned, perhaps you should sit
down and talk to them about the way you feel. Try to explain
to them that you really like your cousin, but it doesn’t help you
to hear about his achievements all the time. They might not
realise what they are doing and I’m sure they’d understand.

5 LESSONS FOR LIFE

READING 4 1 C 2 E 3 B 4 A 5 D
5 1 look through 2 make up 3 get on with 4 sum up
4 1 F
5 give up 6 keep up 7 work out 8 fall behind 9 pick up
Also in the sentence after the gap corresponds with not only
10 catch up
in sentence F. And in sentence F shows that it’s expressing
6 1 general 2 common 3 practical 4 academic 5 higher
an additional idea – in this case, more information about the
video games mentioned in the sentence before the gap. 6 advanced
5 2 G In addition shows that sentence G is expressing an
additional idea – in this case, a second advantage of using LISTENING
the game (i.e. Portal) in classes on this subject (i.e. physics). 2 ‘what gave you the idea for …’ in the recording relates to
3 B For example in the sentence after the gap introduces a list ‘why did … start’ in the question.
of examples of difficult choices. 3 1 B Schools weren’t teaching their students anything about
4 D The sentence after the gap gives an advantage of playing money management. I thought that was a shame.
the game, and also in that sentence shows that it is an 2 C E very thirty minutes, an alarm goes off on my phone, and
additional idea. We therefore need another advantage I stop for five minutes.
of playing the game in the gap. Sentence D expresses an 3 A I think people would get bored pretty quickly if I was
advantage and refers to international relations, which fits always writing about myself!
with the earlier sentence students focus on world politics. 4 C B ut going without shampoo is one way of saving money
5 C The sentence after the gap has he says. The gapped that I wouldn’t recommend.
sentence has to introduce the person who is speaking 5 B So one tip is to give the money that you want to save to
here. Sentence C does this. The this in sentence C refers someone you trust, like a parent.
to the use of video games mentioned in the sentence
6 B I think the most useful tip is to buy clothing second-hand
before the gap.
on online auction sites.
6 A The sentence before the gap gives a positive opinion
7 A I’m not keen on following the rule in January, when the
about the use of video games; the sentence after the
sales are on, but it’s usually brilliant.
gap contrasts with this, as it gives a less positive opinion.
4 1 a difficult experience with money
Sentence A sets up this contrast, both in the whole
meaning of the sentence and in the use of however. 2 without wasting time
6 1 overlooked 2 limited 3 consequences 4 moral 3 think are
5 conflicts 6 interact 7 explosion 8 approach 4 suggest as a good idea
5 plans to do something good
GRAMMAR 6 put money into something, hoping to make more money
or save money in the future
1 1 non-defining 2 defining 3 non-defining 4 defining
7 a special bottle that can keep liquids hot or cold
2 Mr Mill encouraged him and let him write about things that
8 is very expensive
interested him.
3 1 A that → who
2 C no change possible
USE OF ENGLISH 1
3 D no change possible 2 1 both 2 opened 3 that parents have 4 designed
4 B which → that or no relative pronoun 5 interrupted 6 he’d left 7 both 8 looking after
4 1 I’d love to visit Greece, where a lot of famous philosophers 3 1 offering courses in childcare 2 left on their own
lived. 3 you have been taught on the course
2 I have a friend who/that designs her own clothes. 4 caused by looking after a baby 5 teaching first aid
3 I learnt to swim in a river which/that runs through my town. 6 suffering from headaches
4 Every Sunday, when I play basketball, I learn a lot about 4 It’s a reduced relative clause. The word needed is a
teamwork. present participle.
5 My oldest cousin, whose name is Ivan, is into politics. 5 1 making/earning making money is a reduced relative
6 The school has only just bought the tablets which/that we clause, from who make money.
used yesterday. 2 where This is a defining relative clause. For a place, the
We can leave out the relative pronoun in sentence 6. relative pronoun must be where.
5 1 which/that/– 2 who/that 3 whose 4 when/– 5 where 3 looking looking for a babysitter is a reduced relative clause
6 which from who/that was looking for a babysitter.
Gaps 1 and 4 can have no relative pronoun. 4 who This is a non-defining relative clause. For a person
(Dane), the relative pronoun must be who.
VOCABULARY 5 given given to her is a reduced relative clause from which/
that was given to her.
1 1 knowledge 2 intelligence 3 memory 4 creativity
6 which This is a non-defining relative clause. For a thing
5 confidence (face), the relative pronoun must be which.
2 1 on 2 for 3 to 4 by 5 with 6 on 7 of We use out of + noun.
concentrate on, pay attention to, and focus on are all similar 8 shown/played This introduces a reduced relative clause
in meaning. meaning which was shown/played to the children in
Dane’s class.

USE OF ENGLISH 2 9 Model answer

Dear Mrs Linney,
2 1 voucher 2 exchange rate 3 bargain 4 discount
I am writing to give you my suggestions for new after-school
5 currency 6 receipt activities.
3 1 A win, B earn 2 A pay, B afford 3 A borrow, B lend Firstly, I suggest we start a careers club. We could invite
4 A spend, B waste 5 A worth, B cost people with different careers to tell us what their jobs involve.
4 1 information 2 economics 3 literature 4 software This would help us in our subject choices. In addition, it might
5 months 6 language inspire us to work harder in class, as many interesting careers
5 experience require good academic qualifications.
6 1 A Practical is often followed by the word experience, and the Secondly, I think we should have an after-school sports club
rest of the text confirms that they are getting experience. for people that aren’t particularly sporty.
2 B Work out is a phrasal verb meaning calculate. Students who are good at sport already compete in teams,
3 B Earn means to make money from your work. but the rest of us have more limited opportunities for
4 C Produce means to make something using a particular exercising with friends. I believe that a club where sports are
process or skill. played for fun, not for competition, would be very popular.
5 D Proud is the only one of the four adjectives that is Finally, it would be great to have a history film club. In our
followed by of. history lessons, we always focus on the periods tested in
exams, but there are other fascinating periods that we could
6 A You can or can’t afford something, but you pay for
find out about through films. Wider knowledge of history
something, and spend/waste money on something.
would help us with our history essays at school, and also
7 D Sum up is a phrasal verb meaning to give the main improve our general knowledge.
information in a short statement.
I hope you find my suggestions useful.
8 A Lend means to give someone something that they will
With best wishes,
have to pay/give back later.
Markus
SPEAKING SWITCH ON
3 Possible answers
2 Students are chosen by audition. They don’t need to show
Building a shelter, finding food, finding safe water to drink,
their subject grades to gain a place.
fishing, lighting a fire
3 1 C 2 D 3 A 4 B
4 outdoor skills, skills for surviving in the wild
5 For: 1, 3, 4, 5
UNIT CHECK
Against: 2, 6, 7
WRITING Practice
2 He wants students to write to him with suggestions for lessons 1 1 save, discount 2 waste, spend 3 borrow, afford
they think would help them improve the way they study. 4 bargain, pay 5 lend, cost 6 currency, exchange rate
3 1 Chess and brain-training 7 earn, receipt
2 Training students to help other students 2 1 memory 2 for 3 through 4 sum 5 on 6 up 7 out
3 Yes 8 heart 9 falling 10 on
4 Giving reasons: since, because
Adding ideas: also, in addition, as well as, and
Review
5 1 extremely helpful → very interesting 1 1 which 2 that 3 which 4 who 5 where 6 when
2 way cooler → much more enjoyable 7 whose 8 –
3 may → might be a good idea 2 1 A and C 2 C 3 B 4 B and C 5 B and C 6 A
4 awesome → very interesting 3 1 where 2 which 3 who 4 when 5 that 6 whose
5 Have a → I’d be grateful if you could 4 A Catherine’s → Luke’s B 14 → 12 C filmmaking → quizzes
6 Hey! Let’s → It might also be a good idea to D exams → competitions E Photos → Meals F 15 → 16
8 Suitable opening and closing phrases: Dear Mrs Linney, G £80 → £75
With best wishes 5 1 who need
The reason why you are writing: I am writing to share with needing in the original sentence is a reduced relative clause
you my ideas for the new Wednesday afternoon lessons. with an active meaning (because it’s an –ing form) and a
Signposts for ideas: Firstly, Secondly, Finally past time (because it says were asked). With who, it needs to
change into a defining relative clause in the past simple active.

2 had better learn

had better + infinitive without to has a similar meaning to
should and ought to. We use it to give strong advice.
3 whose teachers give them
whose is a relative pronoun of possession. Here it means
of the students. The original relative clause was in the passive.
It has to change to an active form.
4 (that/which) people use
The original sentence had a reduced relative clause with
a past participle, so it had a passive meaning. With the word
people, it has to change to an active meaning. The relative
pronoun which/that can be omitted because it is the object
of the clause.
5 is such an important
We use so + adjective, but such a(n) + adjective +
countable noun.
6 where I can buy
You buy something at/in a place, so we need a relative clause
with where. The subject of the relative clause is I, because the
original sentence includes sell me.
6 Model answer
I was given the board game Pandemic for my birthday, and it’s
good fun. It’s a little bit different from a normal board game,
because all the players have to work together as a team.
Instead of trying to beat everyone else, you win by stopping
the four diseases that are causing problems around the
world. It’s a great way to understand the difficulty of stopping
diseases from spreading. In addition, playing the game
develops teamwork skills that are extremely useful in the real
world. Working out how to solve the problems together is
very entertaining, too. I would definitely recommend it.

6 SUPERPOWERS
READING 5 taste, touch, smell, sound
(less commonly: sight)
2 Sample answer We can use binoculars or a telescope to see
6 1 scientific, heroic 2 natural, musical 3 Central, logical
further than a human can.
7 1 beetle 2 buffalo, lion 3 pufferfish
3 A superhuman senses B invisibility C superhuman strength
8 1 metallic 2 heroic 3 artistic
D mind-reading
5 They do not fit question 1. They do fit question 2. LISTENING
6 1 D
2 the kingfisher’s long beak, a beetle that collects moisture
But the excitement of mind-reading might wear off quickly.
from the air, a boxfish that can move quickly, bats and their
2 B sonic navigation, lizards and their sticky feet
No one will be able to use them for long, because once you’ve 3 Sentence 2. Engineer is mentioned, as is solution, which links
taken one off and put it down, how will you ever find it again?! to problem. It’s quite funny also links to finds it amusing in
3 D the sentence.
It will be a life-changing development for people who are 4 1 (loud) noise
unable to communicate with speech. In the early days there were problems with it because when
4 B it came out of a tunnel at high speed, it made a loud noise
No one is intending to sell cloaks made from it any time soon. which disturbed everyone living nearby.
5 A 2 birds
Do you want to avoid hearing your dad’s terrible taste in It’s quite funny that in the end the solution was found
music …? You can do that. because one of the engineers was into birds.
6 D 3 air
Imagine knowing what your friends really think of your There’s a black beetle in Africa that has a clever way of
new hairstyle. doing this. Whenever the fog comes in – and yes, that does
7 C sometimes happen in the desert – the beetle puts its back up
Scientists have suggested using a small nuclear reactor so that a little water from the air runs down into its mouth!
for its electrical supply, but … it would have terrible 4 tent
consequences if something went wrong. … have made a special bottle that can catch the drops of
8 C water on the tent from the early morning dew.
People may not bother going to the gym in future, when 5 speed
there’s an easier way to get stronger: wear an exoskeleton. there’s a fish that’s a sort of square shape, like a box, and
9 D although few square things can move fast, this fish can
How well would you get on with your friends and family if actually move through the water at a surprising speed!
they knew exactly what you were thinking about them all It’s incredible!
the time? 6 car
10 A It gave the manufacturer Mercedes-Benz the idea for a new
It’s true that you can’t see things hundreds of kilometres car. The vehicle is small and square, but it moves really well.
away like Superman can. 7 (rather) scary
7 1 fairy tale 2 plug in 3 settings 4 cloak 5 wear off I must admit, I find this little flying mammal rather scary
6 Reality 7 play a trick 8 adjust 8 blind
A high-tech stick has been invented that makes noises and
GRAMMAR analyses the sounds that are reflected back. It can help blind
1 A appear B allow C who D let E suggest people who carry it to avoid crashing into objects.
2 It is about axolotls, a type of water lizard. 9 (tiny) hairs
3 1 grow 2 studying 3 (to) survive 4 cleaning 5 to help They have millions of tiny hairs under their toes, which
means they can stick to a surface without falling off.
6 to keep 7 polluting
10 material
4 1 seem 2 pulling 3 to kill 4 to do 5 to see 6 to move
This idea was used by scientists to develop a material that
7 to use 8 detect
sticks to things really strongly. They call it Geckskin
5 1 finding out 2 to watch 3 being 4 making 5 to swim
5 1 a passage for vehicles to go through, often dug underground
6 seeing 7 to apply 8 to pay 9 spending 10 sailing
2 the hard, pointed mouth of a bird
VOCABULARY 3 the sound that water makes when something hits it
4 copied
2 1 species 2 substances 3 researchers 4 laboratory
5 very small amounts of a liquid
5 infection 6 genes
6 sent back after hitting something (used for light, heat
3 1 investigating 2 observed 3 experimented 4 established or sound)
5 analysed 6 predicted 7 the outside or top layer of something
4 1 smell 2 vision 3 sight 4 hearing 5 sounds

USE OF ENGLISH 1 WRITING

2 1 a few 2 few 3 Every 4 a little 5 little 6 either 4 1 B 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 D
3 1 either 2 Each 3 a few 4 little 5 none 6 few 5 1 dramatic 2 romantic 3 amusing 4 thoughtful
4 the following words can be crossed out: This year, has 5 on-screen
a different project 6 Events:
5 1 every scientist (OR every one of the scientists) A plane crashes
Every is followed by a singular noun. She rescues its pilot
2 have managed to bring She becomes Wonder Woman
manage is followed by to + infinitive. Action in progress:
3 neither mammoths nor dodos A poisonous gas is destroying lives
neither … nor are linking words that connect two or more 7 1 hits, dives 2 sees, is trying 3 is visiting, has
negative alternatives. 4 attack, defeats
4 little hope 10 If you like dramatic action, love scenes or comedy, you should
little means not much. watch this film.
5 be interested in visiting 12 Model answer
We use the –ing form after adjective + preposition. Passengers is a science fiction movie about space travel, with
6 will avoid growing a focus not on aliens or special effects, but on romantic love
We use the –ing form after the verb avoid. and moral choices.
The movie starts with a passenger, Jim, waking up on a
USE OF ENGLISH 2 spaceship, although he should be in a deep sleep like all the
other passengers while they are carried from Earth to a new
2 1 calculate 2 compete 3 employ 4 photocopy
life on a distant planet. Unable to face the rest of the ninety-
3 1 inventor 2 manufacturer 3 printer 4 instructor year journey alone, he wakes up another passenger, Aurora, to
5 recorder 6 detector keep him company.
4 1 replayed 2 disappearing, reappearing 3 Disconnect Chris Pratt and Jennifer Lawrence have a great on-screen
4 rerecord relationship as Jim and Aurora, and the interactions between
5 The part of speech needed is adjective. the humans and robots provide some amusing moments.
Suffixes and prefixes: in– , im– , un– , –ed, –ing, –ible, –able, – The film shows brilliantly the highs and lows of life alone
ous, –ive, –ent, –al, –ic on a spaceship and the moral question of stealing another
6 1 inventor An inventor (n) is someone who invents things. person’s future. However, it ends with a series of dramatic but
2 scientific scientific (adj) means relating to science. predictable action scenes which are less impressive.
3 unusual Something unusual (adj) is not usual. In my view, Passengers is definitely worth seeing, as it looks
at interesting issues relating to space travel. It’s just a shame
4 manufacturer A manufacturer (n) is someone who
that the quality of the first half doesn’t continue to the end
manufactures things.
of the film.
5 independent If you are independent (adj), you don’t
depend on other people or things
SWITCH ON
6 disapprove If you disapprove (v) of something, you don’t
approve of it; you think it’s bad. 2 1 the length of the Humber bridge
7 rethink If you rethink (v) something, you think about it 2 the length of time spiders webs have remained the same
again and decide on some changes. in design
8 natural Something natural (adj) is found in nature; it isn’t 3 the amount of silk a spider can produce in one
made by humans. continuous thread
3 1 Each spider can produce several types of silk (sticky sheets,
SPEAKING strong single thread).
2 If a spider’s thread was as thick as pencil, it could pull an
2 smartphones
ocean liner.
Benefits: fitness apps encourage you to do more exercise,
3 Inside each droplet are tightly curled strands of web. When
other apps teach you things, you always have someone to
a fly hits the web the strands unravel, which allow the web
chat to when you’re lonely
to stretch without breaking.
Disadvantages: people don’t go out much so they do less
exercise, people don’t speak to friends much when they do
go out
UNIT CHECK
3 I can see that there are cons as well as pros.
In some ways I do …
Practice
I partly agree, but on the other hand … 1 1 laboratory, genes, species 2 Researchers, observe
Well, that’s a tricky question because … 3 predict, substances 4 experiment, investigate
5 infection, establish
2 1 detector 2 distrust/mistrust 3 scanner 4 disconnect
5 artistic 6 redo 7 natural 8 competitors

Review
1 1 D 2 A 3 F 4 C 5 B 6 E
2 Because they fly 3,000 km and somehow pass on information
about the route to the next generation.
3 1 studying 2 observing 3 to do 4 to help 5 to join
6 protect/to protect 7 flying 8 to pass on
9 to investigate 10 to unlock
4 1 A 2 B 3 B 4 C 5 B 6 C
5 1 of We always have the word of between all and
a pronoun.
2 by We use by + –ing form to say how something is done.
3 few We use a few with countable nouns to mean some.
4 be would like to is followed by the infinitive. Able to usually
has a form of the verb be in front of it.
5 which/that We use which or that to introduce a relative
clause describing a thing.
6 neither We can use neither of + noun/pronoun to make
a negative statement about two alternatives.
7 to allow can be followed by object + to + infinitive.
8 having imagine is followed by the –ing form.
6 Model answer
Imagine being at a concert, with a tall person in front of you
who’s blocking your view. The answer to your problem? Vision
Gloves. These high-tech gloves have amazing vision sensors
in the fingers, and come with a hat that sends messages to
your brain. If you hold up your hand, you can use your fingers
to ‘see’ over the shoulders of the person in front of you.
The gloves can also help you search for things in a cupboard,
and allow you to see over a high wall. And since they work
underwater, you may even manage to find the keys you
dropped in the pond.
Vision Gloves – see the future.

7 HOME AND AWAY

READING VOCABULARY
2 Not really since. As the last paragraph explains, there has been 1 A hut B houseboat C igloo D lighthouse
interest in treehouses throughout history. 2 Students’ own answers
3 Word that comes immediately after the gap: It 3 bench, blanket, cabinet, curtains, mattress, rug, shelf
What it could refer to: a type of treehouse 4 roomy: spacious, cramped
Sentence: C tidy: neat, messy
4 1 C to others that definitely look futuristic. An example of enormous: massive, tiny
this (ie futuristic) is the Honey Sphere, made of wood and 5 1 Hang up: put your clothes on hangers
steel … It is unlike most treehouses because it’s not really
2 Put up (on): hang/stick posters and pictures on the walls
even off the ground
3 Tidy up: put your things away so the room looks neat
2 F has all the gadgets and fun items that any teenager could
want. There is a home entertainment centre … . Not only 4 Clear up: tidy up things that have been left lying around,
that, there are also the latest in security cameras (ie more or tidy up after a party or after having visitors around
gadgets) 5 Sort out: go through your belongings, especially clothes,
3 G things like this won’t happen unless you live in the papers, etc, and throw away things you no longer need
countryside. But city living is also changing 6 Put away: put things in cupboards and drawers etc and not
(But = showing how the previous t=statement is false) … leave them in piles around the room
25 Verde in Turin, Italy, is an apartment complex with 150
trees growing (= an example of how city living is changing) LISTENING
4 B to give ourselves time to daydream. That (= daydreaming 2 1 fluent 2 motto 3 break the ice 4 language barrier
time) is actually when some of our most creative 3 Yes, he did: ‘After only a short time … my brother and I were
thoughts happen quite fluent.’
5 D which looks like something out of a fairytale. You can’t 4 Positive: ‘After only a short time … my brother and I were
actually live there (ie in this particular treehouse) quite fluent.’
visitors can enjoy the beautiful flowering trees that Negative: Things were difficult at first / I missed my friends /
surround them. These pink cherry blossoms (= from the some lessons were a bit tricky
flowering trees) Matching statement: F
6 A they do not belong solely to the modern world. For 5 1 F After only a short time though, both my brother and
example (= of something that does not belong to the I were quite fluent.
modern world), the Roman Emperor Caligula had a
2 A Eva seemed upset about something and I just couldn’t
treehouse … and so did the Medici family in 16th century
find the right words to make her feel better.
Italy. The son, Francesco (= of the Medici family), built
a treehouse 3 D These teens used quite a lot of words that I hadn’t learnt
(at school).
5 1 experiment 2 cosy 3 futuristic 4 complex 5 blossom
4 G I started going to modern Greek classes on Saturdays.
6 massive 7 bother
5 B I said lots of wrong things but my motto is that if you
6 Possible answers
want to learn something properly, you just have to stick
They provide a place where the owner can write music in with it and take a few risks.
peace and quiet
6 1 B 2 E 3 D 4 F 5 C 6 A
Trees help to keep the building cool in summer and also
provide lots of greenery for the residents.
USE OF ENGLISH 1
Surrounded by nature, you might find that your mind
becomes freer to imagine and to plan. That’s actually when 2 1 didn’t 2 could 3 rather
some of our most creative thoughts happen. 3 1 was coming 2 could speak 3 had known 4 not take
Also visitors can enjoy the beautiful flowering trees that 4 It will include a negative form.
surround them. 5 1 rather not miss/we did not miss 2 wish (that) I was/were
3 only Alex had studied
GRAMMAR 4 Jeni had (only) known Spanish/(only) Jeni had known Spanish
1 1 second conditional 2 first conditional 3 third conditional 5 (that) they hadn’t walked 6 if I hadn’t gone/been
4 zero conditional
2 1 B 2 C 3 A USE OF ENGLISH 2
3 1 near the beach and the city, could see friends 2 Rail: board, brake, guard, network, platform, terminal, track,
2 swimming pool, tennis court, gym, gaming room, seven traffic, tunnel
bedrooms, big living room (+ big garden) Air: board, brake, cabin, crew, departure lounge, network, pilot,
3 would have knocked down the wall between the kitchen terminal, traffic
and the living room, would have had a separate room for Sea: board, cabin, crew, deck, network, pilot (can be used as
guests and en suite for the bedrooms a verb to mean ‘take a ship into the harbour’), port, terminal
4 1 ’d have suggested 2 don’t need 3 you’ll be able to buy (e.g. ferry), traffic, tunnel (wind, for testing aircraft)
4 lived 5 wouldn’t 3 1 out 2 On 3 for (also possible: to or into) 4 into 5 of
5 1 were 2 could 3 would have 4 had been 5 find 6 will 6 for 7 after 8 through 9 on 10 to
7 were 8 would 9 had 10 would

4 The preposition comes after of course. The word that SWITCH ON

collocates with the preposition is B: named after.
5 1 B the collocation here is ‘named after’ 3 1 The furniture moves up and down; each room has more
than one use.
2 D the only word that collocates with ‘on’ is ‘board’ (which
goes logically with ‘ferry’) 2 The whole house rotates; you can use the walls as a floor.
3 A the phrasal verb here is ‘head for’ 3 It’s affordable; it has operable boundaries (the flat can open
into a common space with your neighbours)All of the houses
4 C the phrase with ‘take’ here is ‘take advantage of’
use one space for different purposes.
5 A ‘road network’ is the phrase that describes the whole
system of interconnecting roads in the country
UNIT CHECK
6 D ‘keep to’, meaning ‘remain on’ is the only possibility here
7 C the collocation here is ‘keep costs to a minimum’
8 A the collocation here is ‘come into contact with’
Practice
1 1 B 2 C 3 C 4 A 5 B 6 A
SPEAKING 2 1 cramped 2 lighthouse 3 tent/caravan
4 neat; rugs/carpets, cushions
5 A 3 B 2 C 1
WRITING Review
1 1 will definitely have 2 would/could have got
1 Japan
3 wouldn’t look 4 gets 5 were 6 need to/will need to
2 describe, give an opinion (complain is unlikely but possible!)
7 wouldn’t be 8 could have
3 1 It was brilliant!
2 1 go 2 had been 3 we’d used 4 wouldn’t 5 was 6 eat
2 check out
7 could 8 lived
3 Well, …
3 1 had/’d planned the holiday (more) carefully
4 They’re great, aren’t they?
2 would have got 3 hadn’t put 4 wouldn’t have had
5 That was the best day ever!
4 1 where 2 only 3 unless 4 had 5 will/would 6 would
4 A 2 B 4 C 6 D 3 E 1 F 5
7 did 8 rather
5 1 had 2 spent 3 went 4 have/had 5 go
5 Model answer
6 (Suggested): 1 Sorry I haven’t been in touch
If I could have my ideal home, it would be a flat in a city with
2 It was great to hear from you/hear your news/ It was really
a view. It would have a large balcony and the style would be
good to get your email/Thanks for your email.
modern. There would be lots of space in the flat so I could
3 It was great to hear from you/hear your news/Thanks for
have an amazing sound system and lots of comfortable sofas
your email.
to relax on. If the flat didn’t have a garden, I’d have plants
4 How are you?/ Sorry I haven’t been in touch, but I’ve been and trees on the balcony. Perhaps there would also be a
really busy with … pool! I like the colours red and black so I’d paint the walls in
8 Have you been anywhere nice recently? How long did you those colours. Mainly my idea would be to have a place where
spend there? What did you see? Why do you think it is I could hang out with my friends.
a special place?
10 Model answer
Hi Spiros,
It was great to hear from you. I hope you are keeping well.
I spent a weekend in Oxford recently with my family. It was
my father’s birthday so it was a special occasion. Oxford, as
you know, has a very old university so we spent a lot of time
going around the colleges and the university buildings. I loved
the buildings because they were really old and you could get
a sense of history. Walking around them is really impressive.
There are also some fantastic museums in Oxford and we
went to one called the Pitt Rivers Museum.
We saw lots of amazing things from Africa and Asia there
and I hope I can use some of the photographs I took for
a school project.
I wish we had stayed longer in Oxford because there was so
much to see. If we’d had another couple of days, I would have
liked to go in a boat on the river or we could have walked
through some of the big parks that are there. Never mind,
next time!
Bye for now.

8 WHAT’S IN A NUMBER?
READING VOCABULARY
1 1 D 2 B 3 A 4 E 5 C 1 1 E divided by 2 C minus 3 F plus 4 A add, to
3 A 5 D multiplied by 6 B subtract, from
4 the people in our family who came before us 2 1 fifty 2 one thousand 3 three million
5 1 A 4 one hundred and ten 5 one thousand
We get taught how to do calculations with big numbers, 6 one thousand one hundred and one
but we can’t relate them to anything that feels real to us. 4 1 angle 2 odd, even 3 area 4 negative, positive
Big numbers are meaningless. 5 series, series
2 D 5 1 fraction, 1/7 2 double, 0 3 average, 30.4
the Pirahã people, who have no words for numbers. 4 quarter, 15 minutes 5 percentage, 15%
They talk about ‘a small amount’, ‘a bigger amount’ and ‘a lot’, 6 1 employment 2 solve 3 calculate 4 measurements
but they’re unable to specify the exact quantity of anything –
5 decisions 6 improve
proof that numbers are not required for human survival.
3 D
LISTENING
A good starting point is to get our heads around the
enormous difference between a million, a billion and a trillion. 1 doing number puzzles
4 B 2 doing a laser beam challenge (conversation 2), putting
If you imagine our Solar System, including our sun and all furniture together (conversation 4), doing number puzzles
its planets, as the size of tiny bacteria, too small to see, (conversation 8)
our galaxy, the Milky Way, would be the size of a standard 3 Possible key words:
pizza; the part of the universe that astronomers can study, woman, cameraman, feel
however, would be the size of Belgium, a country which annoyed, wants to leave
takes three or four hours to drive across. worried, finish her work soon
5 C angry, person, fixed the camera
As a football fan, I’m used to the sight of my team’s stadium 4 1 B
with 30,000 people in it. If I don’t get this report recorded before four o’clock,
6 D my boss will be furious. We really need to include it in
To really understand the feeling of being a billionaire, divide tonight’s show.
everything you might want to buy by 40,000. A new games 2 A
console? That would cost less than two cents. A cool new Don’t take any steps until you’ve thought about it a lot.
Porsche? Three or four dollars, the cost of a cup of coffee. 3 B
6 1 relate 2 specify 3 survive 4 picture 5 standard Can we leave here at quarter past, because I have to buy my
6 estimate 7 console 8 left over ticket when I get to the station? Last time I caught a train,
only one of the ticket machines was working and there was
GRAMMAR a long queue.
1 1 continuous 2 perfect 3 going to 4 by 5 get 4 C
2 matches 1 birthdays 3 bridges 5 mobile phones 4 Some of the legs must be the wrong length.
money 2 5 B
3 1 be expected 2 is being played 3 is swapped 4 be given I couldn’t believe the pigeons were strong enough, because
5 are needed 6 been built cameras were so big back then.
4 1 was used 6 B
2 had been collected It will be brighter and a little warmer today, so not too bad!
3 be needed in the exam 7 A
4 am going to be sent an email about it Doing it with lemon juice is so easy. It’s great!
5 is being performed by the drama club 8 B
6 Has the pet that is missing been found (by anyone)? ‘There are so many advantages to an event like this.’
5 1 have been recognised 2 has established ‘Absolutely!’
3 were taught/got taught 4 had been learnt
5 were introduced/got introduced 6 had
7 will be tested/will get tested

5 1 very angry 2 think USE OF ENGLISH 2

3 a thin, pointed piece of metal used to attach pieces
of wood, metal, etc. together 2
4 a short period of rain easy difficult
5 stopping noun or noun phrase A a piece of cake E a nightmare
6 put something in a liquid for a short time and then take verb F struggle
it out again
adjective B basic G confusing
7 the glass part of an electric light, where the light
shines from C clear H tough
8 a liquid used for writing or printing D simple I tricky
What do the letters
USE OF ENGLISH 1 correspond to?
1 1 are having their height measured 5 1 a countable; things that produce electric light
2 have just had my bedroom redecorated b uncountable; the opposite of dark
3 are getting/are going to get/will get our hair coloured 2 a uncountable; space
4 had his nose broken b countable; part of a house, e.g. kitchen, bathroom
5 hasn’t had it looked at 3 a uncountable; minutes, hours etc.
6 Are you going to get/Are you getting/Will you get your b countable; occasions
laptop fixed?
4 a uncountable; people with you
2 2 ’m getting/having my hair cut right now
b countable; business
3 ’re getting/having our new sofa delivered at 3 p.m.
5 a uncountable; employment
4 had her dog stolen yesterday
b countable; artistic creation
5 have/get our family photo taken (by a photographer)
6 a countable; set of tasks, either written or physical
every year
b uncountable; physical activity
6 ’ll get/have my bike fixed soon
6 B is correct.
3 were
7 1 B To struggle means to try very hard to achieve something
4 1 had
difficult
We use have + object + past participle when somebody
2 C To calculate means to work something out using
does something to us that we didn’t want or ask for, often
numbers.
something bad.
3 A 8% is a percentage.
2 were
4 C A company is an organisation that is involved in business.
We use the passive to focus on the action, not the person
There are lots of social media companies, but only one
who does it. In the past simple, we form the passive with
social media industry.
was/were (or got) + past participle.
5 A A reason explains why something happens.
3 been
6 B A nightmare is a very difficult or unpleasant experience.
We use the passive to focus on the action, not the person
It is often preceded by total.
who does it. In the present perfect, we form the passive
with have + been + past participle. 7 D The word keen is followed by on, but the other adjectives
are not.
4 have/get
8 A The word tough means difficult and is often used to
We use have/get + object + past participle when we arrange
describe physical challenges.
for someone else to do something for us.
5 Although/While/Whereas
We use although/while/whereas + subject + verb to express
SPEAKING
a contrast. 3 1 life jacket 2 obstacles 3 participants 4 venue
6 to 4 1 Kayak Adventure 2 Mud Race 3 Football Cup
We can use to + infinitive to express purpose. 4 Robot Challenge
7 few A 4 B1
We use a few with countable nouns to mean some.
8 by WRITING
We use by in the passive to say who or what does 5 1 Sadly 2 Obviously 3 Similarly 4 Not surprisingly
the action. 5 Incredibly 6 Increasingly

10 Model answer 5 1 is going to be given

Not surprisingly, parents worry about their children when The going to form of the passive is going to be + past
they become more independent in their teenage years. participle. We can use the passive when we prefer not to say
Do some go too far in their efforts to know what their who is doing the action.
children are doing? 2 are having our roof fixed
On the one hand, teenagers sometimes find themselves in We use have + object + past participle when we arrange for
difficult situations, and unfortunately, they are not always someone else to do something for us.
mature enough to make the best decisions. If parents know 3 will not be known
about their children’s lives, they are more likely to give suitable The will form of the passive is will + be + past participle.
advice and keep their children safe. We can use the passive to focus on the action, not the
On the other hand, teenagers have to learn to be person who does it.
independent, and they cannot do that if their parents help 4 had been cancelled by
them make all their decisions. They need to be able to make
The past perfect form of the passive is had + been + past
mistakes and learn from them.
participle. We can use the passive to focus on the action,
Increasingly, teenagers are spending their spare time on the not the person who does it. Use by to say who or what does
internet. Because they are often better than their parents at the action.
using technology, they can keep their online behaviour secret
5 gets used by
if they want to. It is therefore more effective for parents to
teach teenagers about safe internet use than to check their We can use get instead of be in the passive, especially in
internet activity. spoken English. We use by to say who or what does the
action.
To sum up, in my view parents make it harder for children to
become responsible adults if they do not give them some 6 still has not (hasn’t) been put
independence. The present perfect form of the passive is has + been +
past participle. We can use the passive when we don’t know
SWITCH ON who is doing the action, or we prefer not to say. Still is used
to talk about something that hasn’t finished, especially
2 It allows skiers and snowboarders to measure their speed, when we expected it to finish earlier. It comes between the
time, altitude, etc. subject and the verb.
3 1 data 2 design 3 code 4 money 6 Model answer
My school used to be only for boys, and it was called Forest
UNIT CHECK Boys’ School. Twenty years ago, however, it started to teach
girls too, and it was given a new name: The Forest Academy.
Practice Since I started at the school two years ago, some of the
classrooms have been redecorated, and some new music
1 A divided by B percentage C angle D multiplied by
equipment has been installed in the music room. Next year,
E fraction
some new science laboratories are going to be built, and
2 1 quarter 2 plus 3 double 4 even 5 area 6 average after that, the head teacher wants a new theatre. But a lot of
3 1 confusing 2 exercises 3 struggling 4 solution money will have to be raised before she can build that.
5 times 6 decision 7 tricky 8 employment
9 improvements 10 calculation
Review
1 1 was 2 by 3 were 4 be 5 have 6 been
2 1 had 2 broken 3 had 4 stolen 5 is having 6 taken
7 are going to have/are having 8 repaired
9 are going to have/are having 10 installed
3 Para 1:
living room → kitchen
laptop → mobile
Para 2:
fingerprints → clues
mother → sister
Para 3:
morning→ afternoon
at the weekend → on Thursday
4 1 has been used 2 was believed 3 is known
4 see/will see 5 appears/will appear 6 was built
7 been found 8 be discovered

9 EXPRESS YOURSELF
READING LISTENING
2 A 3 B 4 C 1 D 2 2 Suggested: dance (all types), drama, music (singing and
3 I wasn’t expecting it …, yes, it answers the question musical instruments), (musical) theatre, drama, juggling,
4 1 D I wasn’t expecting it but the speakers and important guys acrobatics
were really kind and willing to be interviewed by little me! 3 1 pretend (= behave as though something is true when you
2 A I realised that what used to be laughed at and mocked, know that it is not)
is now mainstream pop culture and even considered to be 2 technique (= a special skill or way of doing something)
something that deserves respect! 3 talent-spotters (= people whose job is to find young
3 C Now I’ve got a bag to be proud of, with my own original people who are good at an activity, or have potential to be
design on it, and – who knows? This might be the first very good)
step on the path to a career. 4 lyrics (= the words to a song)
4 B I really wanted to volunteer as a literature advisor for this 5 scholarship (= an amount of money given to someone by
event but I couldn’t make the planning sessions because an organisation to help pay for their education)
of school exams. 6 process (= a series of things you do in order to achieve
5 A I was surrounded by a bunch of people, all of whom were a particular result)
interested in the same sort of things, the same worlds. 4 music, dance, theatrical studies
6 B I’m good at posting interesting comments on social 5 No, No, Yes
media … Anyway, I listened to all the talks and uploaded C is the correct answer.
my impressions for everyone. 6 1 C It will be weird being away from my family for the first
7 D He mentioned that he’d always be grateful for time and staying at the school during term-time.
conferences like these because they brought together 2 B I spent hours working out the notes until they were
people who really understood how difficult it is to make perfect. I just wanted to be really good at the instrument.
games work properly.
3 A It would be awesome if the band could carry on playing,
8 C If my art teacher at school hadn’t persuaded me to do but it might be more difficult after I start at the school in
this class, I’d never have thought of it but she knew how September.
much I love contemporary street art.
4 B I didn’t know if I’d be any good. I told Cathy, the organiser
9 B You know, people had warned me that I might find the of this group, that I hadn’t had any previous acting
festival really tiring but on the contrary, I was buzzing! experience.
10 C But what she hadn’t told me was that one of the biggest 5 A And it is similar to a child’s game where you pretend to be
street artists in Australia was running the class. another person for a short time.
5 1 endless 2 bunch 3 suited 4 on the contrary 6 C it’s a form of dance that is just as difficult as professional
5 contemporary 6 overcome 7 don’t have a clue gymnastics.
7 B I hope I can improve my dance technique enough to
GRAMMAR impress them! … you have to win the attention of the
1 1 C 2 A 3 D 4 B talent-spotters.
2 Speaker 1: Gibraltar Speaker 2: the UK Speaker 3: Ireland
3 1 the monkeys might take my things USE OF ENGLISH 1
2 bring my own food to save money, forget a raincoat and 2 1 Dana/her if she minded practising her guitar in there
suncream 2 Ross how many people were in his dance team
3 I hadn’t organised the trip properly 3 Chrissie where she had learnt how to do special-effects
4 1 Katie admitted that the workshop had been much better make-up
than she’d expected and she’d learnt a lot. She added that 4 the audience to switch their mobile phones off before
everyone ought to have the experience of light painting. the concert started
2 Alex informed me that he was having a fantastic time but 3 1 He ordered/told us not to make a sound once the curtain
that he had to clear up all the paint around him. went up.
3 Maria explained that she couldn’t chat because she was 2 I warned her not to eat the mushroom because it was
too busy but she’d send me some photos of her amazing poisonous.
artwork later that evening. 3 My mum ordered/told me not to forget my dance class
that evening.
VOCABULARY 4 She begged her dad to let her go to the concert.
1 1 artwork 2 design 3 original 4 animation 5 creation 4 Olivia is talking to Will. His name should be the first gapped
6 graffiti word. Yes, you also need the pronoun he. This should come
2 1 E 2 D 3 A 4 F 5 C 6 B after if/whether.
3 1 start out 2 try out 3 build up 5 1 Will whether he had 2 warned the boys not to
4 1 skill 2 imagination 3 world 4 culture 5 street 3 reminded me to look at 4 told us to be
6 experience 7 characters 5 the students not to 6 where the singing competition was

USE OF ENGLISH 2 weekend.Apart from the films, some well-known actors also
gave talks about what goes on during filming. I thought what
2 1 open-air 2 background 3 venue 4 world-class they said was really interesting and I’m wondering if one day
5 live 6 classical 7 musicians 8 acoustics 9 stage I might try to be an extra in a film. That would be really good
10 performance fun, I think. Imagine coming face-to-face with a really famous
3 1 queue 2 box office 3 row 4 opening 5 play 6 roles actor on set!
7 appearing 8 sold out 9 audience 10 interval If you are into films, this is a great festival to attend. You won’t
5 Key: 1 C school play is the only option here. None of the other regret it and you will definitely meet lots of other people like
options exist as collocations. you there!
6 1 C None of the other options exist as collocations.
2 A Rehearsals is the only correct option here which makes SWITCH ON
sense in the context. Some students might fall into 1 William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright.
the trap of thinking that words similar to ones in their He died in 1616. He is famous for writing many great plays
language might be correct. in English.
3 D On stage is the collocation here. The trap is really ‘scene’ 2 1 Romeo and Juliet 2 A Midsummer Night’s Dream
which might be a false friend for some students. 3 Twelfth Night
4 A Do my best is a set phrase. 3 1 Hamlet 2 The Taming of the Shrew 3 Romeo and Juliet
5 B Opening night means the first night of a performance. 4 1 original Globe 2 original Globe 3 modern Globe 4 both
The other options do not make logical sense. 5 1 work experience 2 stage management 3 front desk
6 C Audience is the name given to the people at the theatre. 4 their seats 5 working theatre 6 appreciate
7 B At the theatre, the audience is seated in rows.
8 D The collocation here is give a performance. UNIT CHECK
SPEAKING Practice
2 1 C, F; 2, B, I; 3 A, E; 4 H, J; 5 D, G 1 1 interval 2 audience 3 stage 4 musicians 5 Open-air
3 Shall I start? 6 classical 7 venue 8 sold out
What do you think about … ? 2 1 scholarship 2 lyrics 3 cartoon character
What about (the next one) … ? 4 bring together 5 involves 6 think up
5 What’s your opinion? 3 1 volunteered 2 conduct 3 grateful 4 mainstream
I think … , don’t you? 5 commitment
So, shall we decide?
6 Possible answers Review
How about you? What’s your opinion? 1 1 (that) she couldn’t find all her old comics
2 us (that) he had bought some new drawing materials
WRITING 3 my sister that the show had been very popular and so there
3 1 August last year (note for TB: it’s an annual event) might not be any seats left
2 light and sound show, hip-hop group, fantastic flamenco 4 me (that) I had a lot of artistic talent
group, Edinburgh Festival Fringe performers 5 he was feeling a bit lazy so he would leave his essay
3 All of them were very successful. until later
4 B 6 the girls (that) she would meet them there in an hour/that
5 1 attend 2 convinced 3 commented on 4 missed she would meet the girls there in an hour
5 let us down 2 1 the fans to stand 2 what date Comic Con started
6 1 What was amazing was the fireworks display. 3 her parents to let 4 if/whether they were going to
2 What impressed me most were the street performers. 5 the children not to 6 had sold out the
3 What I found surprising was the number of people there. 7 us to sing/us that we would have great fun if we sang
4 What I liked most about the week was the opening 8 the student (that) they would
ceremony. 3 1 said 2 was 3 there 4 were 5 had 6 her 7 was
8 Example phrases (there are more): it was the experience of 8 had
a lifetime, totally blew us away, an event that should not 4 1 who/that 2 if/whether 3 such 4 us 5 would 6 not
be missed 7 How 8 had
Example adjectives: amazing, fantastic, impressed, etc. 5 Model answer
10 Model answer Last month I won first prize in a nationwide photography
I went to an amazing film festival last weekend. It took place competition for teenagers aged 14–17! I was blown away
in a big country house near where I live and lasted from the when I heard the results! I never thought I would win but
Friday to the Sunday. For film fans, it was the best event of the a friend of mine had told me to go in for it so I thought I’d
year.So what happened there? Well, firstly, they showed non- have a go. Luckily, I’d just come back from an amazing holiday
stop films one after the other and you could choose which and some of my photos were pretty unusual. The judges
ones you wanted to see. The films were mostly recent ones told me later that they were exactly what they were looking
but there were also some classic ones as well, like The Lord for! Now all my dreams have come true and I’m thinking of
of the Rings and King Kong. I think I saw five films over the studying photography at college.

10 LEARNING FROM THE PAST

READING 3 D You do or make calculations. None of the others fit.
4 C Rather than’ is the collocation that fits here.
1 Extinct: dodo, phoenix, dinosaur + some other less
5 B This is the only correct collocational phrase here.
well-known species
6 A This is the only correct collocational phrase here.
In danger of dying out: giant panda, tiger, blue whale, Asian
7 D ‘As well as’ is correct since we are making one point
elephant, snow leopard, gorilla, orangutan, black rhino + others
together with the second point in the sentence (he found
2 1 They played a major role in maintaining a healthy
that it also increased …). The other phrases can be used
ecosystem in the area where they lived.
in different contexts but are not applicable here.
2 A huge number of mammoth bones were discovered; they
8 B ‘Hard work’ is the correct collocation. The others are not
may make a comeback.
correct (although tough work could possibly be used if we
3 Key: were talking about hard physical labour).
1 G Of course, they ( = mammoths) had the right genetic 4 Graffiti, although a form of art, should not be done on
make-up to cope: long hair, thick skin and blood historical buildings.
that didn’t freeze solid at low temperature. They ( =
5 1 artistic 2 Unfortunately 3 buildings 4 aggressive
mammoths) even (adding a point to what has gone
5 embarrassed 6 behaviour (or Am Eng: behavior)
before) had fur in their ears!
7 impossible 8 fashionable
2 E Mammoths played a major role … One way in which they
helped to do this … By stepping on the soft snow with Key for fun footer:
their great feet, they packed it into a solid layer which Whatever you do in life or hope to achieve, will not usually
kept the cold air in (= explanation of previous sentence) happen overnight. It will require time, hard work and patience.
3 D Mammoths had kept the grass short and the tree
population within normal limits by eating the smaller LISTENING
ones. In other words, they were nature’s gardeners. 1 1 a jaguar 2 ancient wall drawings 3 Mexico
(= repeating previous sentence in different words) 4 the Maya Civilisation
So once they disappeared, that whole area became
2 Possible answer
a wilderness again … (contrast to previous sentence)
All boxes ticked except 1, 4, 7
4 A A huge number of mammoth bones in Volchya Griva,
1 three It’s been three thousand years since it first began,
Siberia. Why there were so many (= bones) … . One thing
which is much longer than I’d expected
they are fairly sure about, though, is that the remains
(referring back to bones) 2 power It was fascinating to find out that in Maya culture this
beautiful animal was a symbol, not of terror, but of power
5 C They have been hitting the news headlines in recent
years, for a couple of reasons. One was the discovery 3 tough It seems to me to be such a tough place to survive in!
of … The additional reason why mammoths are a hot 4 massive When they see it, some people describe it as
topic is … make a reappearance over the next few years. impressive, but I just thought – that’s massive!
How can that possibly be? (= make a reappearance) 5 steps The total number of steps on the building is exactly
6 F Only a small group of them were left isolated on an island the same as the number of days in the year – 365. Is that by
in the Arctic Ocean. Their numbers continued to fall chance? I don’t think so … . I’m convinced it was designed
(= continuation of what was said in previous sentence) this way on purpose.
and eventually they died out completely. However, the 6 paintings They used to decorate these buildings with
mammoth lives on (= contrast) awesome carvings, and cover the walls with huge paintings,
4 1 E 2 G 3 J 4 I 5 A 6 H 7 F 8 B 9 D 10 C which are fascinating because they can tell us a lot about
Maya customs
USE OF ENGLISH 1 7 hat The person who wore the tallest hat was considered the
most important. I think that’s quite funny!
2 volcanic eruption, the terraces
8 writing I also saw some examples of Mayan writing at
3 1 be 2 would 3 which 4 been 5 out 6 not
the exhibition. It looks quite like Ancient Egyptian, but
7 researchers 8 on interestingly, it works in a completely different way
4 1 would die out 2 if they didn’t leave 9 Monkey Dance One guide talked a lot about the Monkey
3 are less interesting than 4 should have gone Dance, which is still performed today. I’d love to see it!
5 were not (weren’t) allowed to 10 ball games It’s strange how the Maya were completely
6 whether Jason had/Jason whether he had different from us in many ways, but in other ways they were
just like us! They shared our love of ball games.
USE OF ENGLISH 2
2 They didn’t write sums down on paper (they used an abacus). WRITING
They had one-to-one, not class, lessons. 2 1 stories 2 reviews and emails 3 articles and emails
3 1 C Match is used for colours, fit is used for sizes, agree (with) 4 1 story 2 email 3 article
is used of food, often in the negative, to mean have a bad 9 Model answer 1
effect on someone. Amelia and the group of tourists had just reached the famous
2 A Here we are talking about how the Ancient Romans Egyptian pyramids when they heard a loud scream. Amelia
taught differently from the way we are used to now, was so shocked that she almost fell off her camel! The scream
so ‘difference’ is the answer here. made her feel cold all over despite the heat of the desert.
What could it be?

At first, everyone looked around fearfully, but the tour guide 3 1 We usually go somewhere warm for our holidays.
didn’t seem worried, so after they’d calmed down, they got off 2 I’m trying to write a song at the moment.
their camels. They couldn’t miss the chance to visit one of the (or: At the moment, I’m trying to write a song.)
most fascinating historical sites in Egypt! Amelia hoped that 3 My brother is often late for school.
the mysterious scream was just a wild animal. 4 I go to the cinema most weekends. (or: Most weekends,
Later that afternoon, they were drinking long cool drinks at a I go to the cinema.)
café when suddenly Amelia heard a strange noise. Something 5 You can’t play tennis outside in winter. (or: In winter,
horrible rushed out from behind a pyramid, with long white you can’t play tennis outside.)
bandages flying in the wind. It stopped in front of Amelia. She
6 My sister is always asking if she can borrow my laptop!
felt too afraid to breathe. It was a mummy!
4 1 We have been living in this house for ten years.
Then a voice came from inside the mummy. ‘Oh sorry! We’re
making a murder mystery film. I hope we didn’t frighten you!’ 2 Rob hasn’t been feeling very well this week.
Amelia started breathing again. The creature in front of her 3 How long have you been waiting?
was an actor, not a real Egyptian mummy! 4 My brother has been studying at university for two years.
Model answer 2 5 I haven’t been working very hard recently.
Hi Cameron, 6 How long has it been raining?
Thanks for your email. It’s great to hear from you. You’re 5 1 just scored 2 have you been writing 3 have ever ridden
lucky that your school holidays have already started. My term 4 has stolen 5 has been playing 6 ‘ve always thought
doesn’t finish for another two weeks! 6 1 has been teaching 2 has produced 3 has been studying
I can understand why you’re worried about having a boring 4 have known 5 have ever made 6 have just won
time this summer, but I have a few suggestions that might help.
Firstly, why don’t you think of some ideas to stop your parents GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 2
worrying about you when you go out in the evening? For
instance, you could phone them every hour and tell them PAST TENSES
where you are. Make sure you stay calm when you discuss 1 1 had left 2 had already started 3 accepted
your ideas with them, though. If you get annoyed with them,
4 were walking, jumped 5 had read 6 had never been
they’re less likely to listen!
7 had just begun, was 8 used to
Secondly, could you try to prove to them that you are mature
and responsible by helping them more around the house? 2 A 1 was talking 2 lost 3 crashed 4 discovered
Thirdly, do you think they might be stopping you from going 5 was controlling 6 had hit
out late because they don’t know your friends very well? If you B 1 has had/had 2 used to/would play
invited your friends to your house more, your parents might 3 used to/would start 4 tried
realise that they are not a bad influence on you. 5 hadn’t realised/didn’t realise
I hope these ideas are useful. Have a great summer! 3 1 had 2 Last 3 went 4 were 5 was 6 never
Best wishes, 4 1 more 2 as 3 worst 4 less 5 than 6 the
Caitlin 5 1 in 2 enough/many 3 so/too 4 as 5 than 6 much
Model answer 3 6 1 a bit more 2 is the funniest person
Everyone has different ways to relax when their life gets 3 are less interesting than
stressful. Mine is to go to the book room. 4 as far away as 5 much more quickly /much faster than
It’s a tiny room in my grandparents’ house, which is about 6 more popular
five minutes’ walk from my home. Against every wall there
are shelves full of cookery books no one ever reads, and GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 3
cabinets of old videos you can only play on video players from
the 1980s. There’s a small green sofa in there, too, which is FUTURE TENSES
incredibly comfortable and can change into a bed when I
1 1 will 2 is due to 3 are having 4 is going 5 won’t
need to stay there for the night. I usually lie on it playing video
6 will be spending
games on my phone, or sometimes I might read a novel.
2 1 I’m going 2 I’ll be watching 3 it’ll be 4 is giving
The room is so full of furniture that it’s a very cramped
space, but that’s what I love most about it – it’s not spacious 5 we’ll definitely go 6 get
enough for anyone else to join me there. What’s more, all 3 1 is 2 will 3 time 4 be 5 going 6 are
those big, thick books seem to keep out the noise from the 4 1 C 2 D 3 F 4 E 5 B 6 A
rest of the house and the street. I know that when I’m in 5 1 so 2 enough 3 such 4 many 5 too 6 much
the book room I will always have peace and quiet. It’s my 6 1 fast enough to 2 so much ice cream 3 too tired to finish
favourite place in the world. 4 such a fantastic 5 are too many 6 was so bad
GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 1 GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 4

Practice MODAL VERBS 1
1 1 A and B 2 B and C 3 A and B 4 A and C 5 A and C
PRESENT TENSES 6 B and C 7 B and C 8 A and C
1 1 love 2 helps 3 practise 4 ‘m learning 2 1 may 2 can’t 3 need to 4 should have 5 had
5 don’t understand 6 is making 6 couldn’t 7 ought 8 need
2 1 want 2 think 3 are becoming 4 decide
5 ‘m trying 6 go

3 1 You had better book the concert tickets soon. GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 7
2 May I eat the last slice of pie?
3 I shouldn’t have told her the truth. CONDITIONAL TENSES
4 Will you give this note to Mrs Strong, please? 1 1 paid/had paid, would learn/would have learnt/learned
5 You mustn’t share this secret with anyone. 2 had kept, wouldn’t have lost
6 She needn’t be there until 8 o’clock. 3 would have got, hadn’t taken
7 We’re not able to run as fast as you. 4 would have bought, had been
8 I must have a rest. 5 hadn’t packed, wouldn’t have forgotten
4 1 she may be 2 must be able 3 it should be 2 1 could have gone 2 if you painted 3 he had worn
4 Could that woman be 5 can’t be 6 might not come 4 might have visited 5 unless you make
5 1 B 2 A 3 C 4 A 5 C 6 B 7 A 6 wouldn’t have missed/would have caught
3 1 E 2 D 3 F 4 A 5 C 6 B
GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 5 4 1 A 2 B 3 A 4 A 5 B
5 1 go 2 could 3 ’d/had had 4 knew
DEFINING AND NON-DEFINING
5 wouldn’t/didn’t speak
RELATIVE CLAUSES
1 1 that D 2 which ND 3 when D 4 whose D 5 where ND GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 8
6 who ND 1 1 has 2 weren’t 3 been 4 being 5 are 6 be
2 1 Last summer, when I was on holiday, I had a sailing lesson. 2 1 are going to be bought 2 are used by 3 will get connected
2 I met the clothes designer whose designs won the award. 4 has been produced 5 was watched by 6 had been stolen
3 My brother, who is eighteen, is really into science. 7 is being taught 8 was being repainted
4 I told her about the video game which/that/– I got for 3 1 have been taught 2 have beaten 3 are recognised
my birthday. 4 have made 5 will be discovered 6 will feel
5 Mr Samson is the teacher who/that teaches me French. 7 was known 8 are going to be saved
6 In Germany, where I grew up, children don’t start school 4 1 get them cleaned 2 having my eyes tested
until they are seven.
3 get them delivered 4 had 5 had it cut 6 get it checked
The relative pronoun in sentence 4 can be omitted.
5 1 have my spelling checked
3 2 which is a useful skill for getting through exams
2 had a film made
3 whose brains are still growing
3 had some windows broken
4 who/that have a well-developed imagination
4 have your pet examined
5 when lots of creative activities are organised for young people
5 have your make-up done
6 where you can find details of courses and activities
6 had his passport stolen
4 1 studying 2 served 3 given 4 taught
You cannot use get something done in sentences 3 and 6
5 that you’re taking 6 teaching
5 The 4 sentences are 1, 3, 4, 6 GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 9
1 Students taught how to cook at school are more likely
to eat healthily. 1 1 hated, shouldn’t 2 was starting 3 had been, had never had
3 There were a lot of students having problems with their 4 hadn’t been 5 wanted, would
homework. 2 1 going to take you/us all out to the cinema, and afterwards
4 The teachers employed by the school all enjoy working there. for a curry.
6 Students wanting to join the school trip should add their 2 invited the usual crowd plus a couple of my friends from
name to the list. my art school.
6 1 offering 2 spending 3 asked 4 behaving 5 noticed 3 shouldn’t get anything too expensive
6 achieved 4 show you an interesting new shop that sells fun arty things.
3 1 he wouldn’t get paint all over the kitchen floor
GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 6 2 he couldn’t understand what those abstract paintings meant
3 he didn’t have time to come out at the weekend
INFINITIVES AND –ING FORMS 4 her friends/them not to miss the festival
1 1 to get 2 to have 3 going 4 (to) fly 5 travelling 5 the band were playing there again the following week
6 to find 7 learning 8 seem 6 she had to finish her project on the history of art that night
2 1 being 2 to see 3 to run 4 to catch 5 flying 6 escape 4 1 why 2 when 3 if/whether 4 where 5 how
7 (to) stay 8 having 5 1 if/whether 2 what 3 not 4 how 5 me
3 1 A few 2 All 3 none 4 Each of the 5 little 6 neither
7 Every 8 either
4 1 Neither 2 every 3 each of 4 none of 5 either
6 All of the
5 1 all 2 either 3 few 4 Neither 5 little 6 none

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STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 2ND EDITION B1+

STARTER FUN TIMES

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1 THE TRUE YOU

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7 C ‘He’s already made a film that’s been shown at an USE OF ENGLISH 2

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2 YOU’LL NEVER BELIEVE THIS …

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WRITING UNIT CHECK

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3 THE WORLD AROUND US

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USE OF ENGLISH 1 WRITING

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USE OF ENGLISH 2 SWITCH ON

SPEAKING INDEPENDENT LEARNING

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5 LESSONS FOR LIFE

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USE OF ENGLISH 2 9 Model answer

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2 had better learn

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USE OF ENGLISH 1 WRITING

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7 HOME AND AWAY

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4 The preposition comes after of course. The word that SWITCH ON

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5 1 very angry ​2 think USE OF ENGLISH 2

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10 Model answer 5 1 is going to be given

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10 LEARNING FROM THE PAST

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GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 1 GRAMMAR FILE UNIT 4

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7 C ‘He’s already made a film that’s been shown at an USE OF ENGLISH 2

5 1 very angry 2 think USE OF ENGLISH 2