MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE PROBLEMS

WITH SOLUTIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Select the best answer from each of the following questions. On the answer sheet provided, shade the box that
corresponds to your choice. Strictly no erasures allowed.

1. If a solid shaft has a diameter of 4 inches. Determine the polar section modulus.
a) 25.13 in3 b) 12.57 in4 c) 12.57 in3 d) 25.13 in4

J 2J  3 
Solution: Zj    D   4 3  12.57 in 4
c D 16 16

2. The transmitted torque of a hollow shaft is 3400 N-m at a shearing stress of 55 MPa. If the outside diameter
is 1.25 times that of the inside diameter, what is the inside diameter, in mm?
a) 64.87 b) 46.87 c) 84.67 d) 74.64

16T Di 1
ss  where,     0 .8
Solution: 3

 D 1  4
 D o 1.25

16 T 16 3.4 
D3
 ss 1   4
 3

 55 000 1   0.8 4   81.092 mm
Do 81.092
Di    64.87 mm
1.25 1.25

3. If the angular deformation of a solid shaft should not to exceed 1 o in a length of 1.8 m and the allowable
shearing stress is 83 Mpa, what is the diameter of the shaft? Assume that the shaft material has G = 77 x 10 6
kPa.
a) 222.34 mm b) 234.22 mm c) 23.42 cm d) 24.22 cm

 D 3 s s 
32 L
Solution:  16  2 ss L
TL 32T L  
   
JG D 4 G  D4G DG

2 ss L 2 83 0001.8
D   222.34 mm
G o
1 
 
o

 77 x 10 6 
 180 

4. What modulus of elasticity in tension is required to obtain a unit deformation of 0.00105 from a load
producing a unit tensile stress of 3163.27 kg/cm2?
a) 40 x 106 psi b) 43 x 106 psi c) 45 x 106 psi d) 46 x 106 psi

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

Solution:

E
Stress

F
A 
 
3163.27 kg / cm 2  2.205 lb / kg  2.54 cm / in  2
 42 857 142.86 psi  43 x 10 6 psi
Strain  0.00105
L
5. A thrust washer has an inside diameter of 12.7 mm and an outside diameter of 76.2 mm. For an allowable
bearing pressure of 90 psi, determine the axial load that the washer can sustain.
a) 618.5 lb b) 537.2 lb c) 702.2 lb d) 871.2 lb

  76.2   12.7  
 
2 2

Solution: F  pA  p  D o2  D i2   90       618.5 lb
4 4  25.4   25.4  

6. An air cylinder has a bore of 25 mm and is operated with shop air at a pressure of 6.327 kg/cm 2. Find the
push force exerted by the piston rod, in N.
a) 127.57 b) 70.42 c) 402.75 d) 304.57

Solution:

4
  
F  pA  p D 2  6.327 kg / cm 2  9.8066 N / kg    2.5 cm  2  304.57 N
  4

7. A line shaft is to transmit 200 Hp at 900 rpm. Find the diameter of the shaft.
a) 2.18 inches b) 2.28 inches c) 3.18 inches d) 3.28 inches

53.5 P 53.5 200

Solution: D3 3  2.28 inches
N 900

Note:
D3N
 For Main Power Transmitting Shaft: P 
80
D3N
 For Line Shaft Carrying Pulleys: P
53.5
D3N
 For Small, Short Shaft: P
38
Where, P = transmitted power, Hp
N = shaft rpm
D = shaft diameter, in inches

8. A main transmitting shaft transmits 350 kW to drive a generator at 2500 rpm, what is the required diameter
of the shaft?
a) 26.7 mm b) 62.7 mm c) 67.2 mm d) 76.2 mm

80 P 80 350 
Solution: For main transmitting shaft, D  3 3  25.4  62.66 mm
N 2500 0.746 

9. A round steel shaft rotates at 200 rpm and is subjected to a torque of 275 N-m and a bending moment of 415
N-m. Determine the equivalent twisting moment.
a) 597.84 N-m b) 456.42 N-m c) 546.43 N-m d) 497.85 N-m

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

Solution: ME  M2  T2   415 2   275 2  497.85 N  m

10. A 101.6 mm shaft using a flat key, whose width is 25.4 mm, is transmitting a torque of 63 000 in-lb. If the
design shearing stress is 5000 psi, determine the safe length of key.
a) 6.3 inches b) 3.6 inches c) 5.3 inches d) 4.3 inches

Solution:
2T 2 63 000 in  lb 
L   6.3 inches
ss b D
5 000 lb / in  2    
 25.4 mm  1 inch 101.6 mm  1 inch 
 25.4 mm   25.4 mm 

11. A 1200 mm cast iron pulley is fastened to 112.5 mm shaft by means of a 28.13 mm square key 175 mm
long. The key and shaft have a shearing stress of 14 000 psi. Determine the force acting at the pulley that
will shear the key.
a) 10 015 lb b) 11 005 lb c) 11 050 lb d) 10 501 lb

 s bLD 
2 s 
 D 
Solution:
Fp 
2T

 2 
 s s bL   14 000  28.13  175  112.5   10 014.74 lb
Dp Dp  Dp   
   25.4  25.4  1 200 

s s bLD
Where, T   Torque based on shear, in  lb
2

12. A 75-mm diameter shaft is transmitting 300 kW at 600 rpm. A flange coupling is used and has 6 bolts, each
18 mm in diameter. Find the required diameter of the bolts circle based on an average shearing stress of 27.5
MPa.
a) 227.4 mm b) 477.2 mm c) 274.7 mm d) 247.7 mm

8T 8 30 P 8 30 300

Solution: DB     0.2274 m  227.4 mm
2
 ssd n B 2 2
 d ssn n B   0.018 2  27 500 600 6
2

 ssd 2DBn n B 30 P
Note: Torque Based on Shear, T  
8 n
Where, T = transmitted torque, kN-m
DB = Bolts circle diameter, m
d = bolt diameter, m
ss = bolts shearing stress, kPa
n = rpm
nB = number of bolts
P = power transmitted, kW

13. A heavy-duty shaft coupling is to be secured with 25-mm bolts at a distance of 150 mm from the shaft
center. The shaft transmits 4 330 kW of power at a speed of 1 200 rpm. If the allowable shearing stress for
the bolts is 100 MPa, how many bolts are required?
a) 3 bolts b) 6 bolts c) 5 bolts d) 4 bolts

8T 8 30 P 8 30 4 330

Solution: nB     4.7  5 bolts
 ssd DB2 2 2
 d ssn DB   0.025 2 100 0001 200 0.3
2

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

14. A 1.75-inch-diameter shaft is supported by two sleeve bearings. The total load on the two bearings is 2800
lb. Find the friction power loss, in Hp, if the coefficient of friction between shaft and bearing is 0.10 and the
shaft rotates 200 rpm.
a) 0.88 Hp b) 0.78 Hp c) 0.98 Hp d) 0.68 Hp

 1.75 
0.10 2 800   200
Solution: Tf n f Fr n  2 
fHp     0.78
63 000 63 000  63 000
Where, Tf = frictional torque, in-lb F = load, lb
n = rpm r = bearing diameter, inches
f = coefficient of friction

15. Determine the Hp lost when a collar is loaded with 2000 lb, rotates at 50 rpm, and has a coefficient of
friction of 0.15. The outside diameter of the collar is 4 inches and the inside diameter is 2 inches.
a) 0.7314 Hp b) 0.3714 Hp c) 0.4713 Hp d) 0.4371 Hp

Tf n f W rf n 0.15 2000 lb1.56 inches 50 rpm

Solution: fHp     0.3714
63000 63000 63000

2  ro  ri  2   2 3  1 3 
3 3
Where, rf      1.56 inches
3  ro2  ri2  3   3 2  1 2 

16. If a sleeve bearing has an outside diameter of 38.1 mm and a length of 50.8 mm, the wall thickness is 3/16
inch. The bearing is subjected to a radial load of 500 kg. What is the bearing pressure, in psi?
a) 904 psi b) 409 psi c) 490 psi d) 940 psi

Solution:
 50.8
For bearing or projected area, A B  L D  
 25.4
  38.1
in.  
 25. 4
in.  2 3
16


 
in   2.25 in 2

W  500 kg  2.205 lb / kg   490 psi

Bearing pressure, p  
AB 2.25 in 2

17. A vertical steel cylinder water tank is 30 m in diameter and 45 m high. The allowable stress of the steel plate
is 1224 kg/cm2. Without reinforcing angle bars and rods, what is the thickness of the steel plate?
a) 55.15 mm b) 51.55 mm c) 65.15 mm d) 61.55 mm

t
pD


441 297 N / m 2  30 m   0.05515 m  55.15 mm
Solution:
2s t  
2 1224 kg / cm 2  9.8066 N / kg 100 cm / m  2

Where, p = maximum pressure inside the tank, Pa

  
p   g H  1000 kg / m 3 9.8066 m / s 2  45 m   441 297 Pa
st = hoop stress of the tank, Pa

18. What the bursting steam pressure of a hemispherical steel shell with a diameter of 100 inches and made of
0.0635-m thick steel plate, if the joint efficiency is 70 % and the tensile strength is 60 000 psi?
a) 4 020 psi b) 4 200 psi c) 2 400 psi d) 2 040 psi

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

4 t sl E j
 63.5
4

 
in  60 000 lb / in 2  0.70
Solution:  25.4 
p   4 200 psi
D 100 in.

Where, p = bursting pressure, psi sl = shell stress, psi

t = shell thickness, inches D = shell diameter, inches
Ej = joint efficiency

19. A cylinder having an internal diameter if 508 mm and external diameter if 914.4 mm is subjected to an
internal pressure of 69 MPa and an external pressure of 14 MPa. Determine the hoop stress at the inner
surface of the cylinder.
a) 90.11 MPa b) 91.10 MPa c) 911.0 MPa d) 19.10 Mpa

Solution:
 914.4 
2
 508  
2
 914.4 
2
 69 MPa   mm    mm    214 MPa   mm 
s ti 
 
p i ro2  ri2  2p o ro2

 2   2    2 
ro2  ri2  914.4 
2
 508 
2
 mm    mm 
 2   2 

sti = 90.11 Mpa

Where, sti = maximum tangential or hoop stress at the inside

ri = inside radius, mm
pi = internal pressure, Mpa
ro = outside radius, mm
po = external pressure, Mpa

Note: For the maximum tangential or hoop stress at the outside,

s to 

2p i ri2  p o ro2  ri2 
ro2  ri2

20. The root diameter of a double square thread is 0.55 inch. The screw has a pitch of 0.2 inch. Find the outside
diameter and the number of threads per inch.
a) 0.75 inch and 5 threads/inch b) 0.50 inch and 5 threads/inch
c) 0.75 inch and 4 threads/inch d) 0.50 inch and 4 threads/inch

1
Solution: For the number of threads per inch, p  Number of Threads per inch
1 1
Number of threads per inch   5
p 0.2
Where, p = the pitch
p
For the major diameter, D o  D i  2h  D i  2   D i  p  0.55  0.2  0.75 inch
2
p
Where, h  height or depth of thread   for square thread
2

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

21. Two shafts 3.6 m between centers carry pulleys 1.2 m in diameter and 0.91 m in diameter respectively,
connected by a crossed belt. It is desired to put the belt on as an open belt. How long a piece must be cut of
it?
a) 303.3 mm b) 330 mm c) 333.0 mm d) 330.3 mm

Solution: For the length of an open belt connection,

D  D  2
 D1  D 2   2C  2 1    1200  910  2 3600  1200  910  10 520.22 mm
2

Lo 
2 4C 2 4 3600

For the length of belt for crossed belt connection,

  D 2  D1  2    1200  910 2  10 823.55 mm

L c   D 1  D 2   2C    1200  910  2 3600 
2 4C 2 4 3600

Solving for the difference of lengths,

L  L c  L o  10 823.55  10 520.22  303.33 mm

22. A flat belt is 6 inches wide and 1/3 inch thick and transmits 15 Hp. The center distance is 8 ft. The driving
pulley is 6 inches in diameter and rotates at 2 000 rpm such that the loose side of the belt is on top. The
driven pulley is 18 inches in diameter. The belt material is 0.035 lb/in 3 and the coefficient of friction is 0.30.
Determine the belt net tension.
a) 175.5 lb b) 157.5 lb c) 155.7 lb d) 165.7 lb

2T 2  63 000 Hp   2   63 00015 
Solution: F  F1  F2          157.5 lb
D D n   6   2 000 

 6 
Other Solution: Vm   D n    2 000   3141.59 fpm
 12 

33 000 Hp 33 00015
F  F1  F2    157.56 lb
Vm 3141.59

23. Two pulleys, 80 cm apart, carry a belt in an open connection. If the diameters of the pulleys are 40 cm and
15 cm, what is the length of the belt needed?
a) 248.35 cm b) 238.45 cm c) 284.35 cm d) 254.38 cm

D  D  2
 D1  D 2   2C  2 1    15  40  2 80   40  15  248.35 cm
2

Solution: Lo 
2 4C 2 4 80

24. A pulley 600 mm in diameter transmits 40 kW at 500 rpm. The arc of contact between the belt and pulley is
144o, the coefficient of friction between belt and pulley is 0.35 and the safe working stress of the belt is 2.1
MPa. Determine the belt tensions ratio, neglecting the effect of centrifugal force.
a) 2.41 b) 2.14 c) 1.24 d) 4.12

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

F1   
Solution:  e f   e  0.35144   180   2.41
F2

25. A roller chain and sprocket is to drive vertical centrifugal discharge bucket elevator. The pitch of chain
connecting sprockets is 1.75”. The driving sprocket is rotating at 120 rpm and has 11 teeth while the driven
sprocket is rotating at 38 rpm. Determine the number of teeth of driven sprocket.
a) 33 teeth b) 35 teeth c) 30 teeth d) 34 teeth

n   120 
Solution: T2  T1  1   11    34.74  35 teeth
 n2   38 

26. A disc clutch has 6 pairs of contacting friction surfaces with an outside diameter of 200 mm and an inside
diameter of 100 mm. The coefficient of friction of the clutch materials is 0.4 and the axial force is 1500 N.
The shaft speed is 1200 rpm. Determine the Hp that can be transmitted by the clutch assuming uniform
pressure.
a) 35.2 Hp b) 23.5 Hp c) 47.2 Hp d) 27.4 Hp

2  ro  ri   2   100 3   50 3 
3 3
Solution: Friction Radius (Uniform pressure), rf       77.78 mm
3  ro2  ri2   3   100 2   50 2 

Friction Power or Transmitted Power or Power Capacity,

 Ff rf n f    n  f Fa rf n f   1200  0.41.5 0.07778 6

 n Tf n
P 
30 30 30 30

P = 35.19 kW = 47.2 Hp

Where, P = power capacity, kW Ff = friction force, kN

Tf = torque capacity, kN-m Fa = axial load, kN
Rf = friction radius or mean radius, m nf = no. of pairs of contacting friction surfaces

27. Determine the power capacity of a cone clutch under uniform pressure and assuming the following
conditions: major diameter = 250 mm; minor diameter = 200 mm; length of conical elements in contact =
125 mm; rotational speed = 870 rpm; coefficient of friction = 0.30; and allowable pressure = 70 kPa.
a) 19.2 kW b) 21.9 kW c) 29.1 kW d) 12.9 kW

2  ro  ri   2   125 3  100 3 
3 3
Solution: Friction radius, rf       112.96 mm
3  ro2  ri2   3   125 2  100 2 

Surface Area of contact, A f  2rf b  2 0.11296  0.125  0.0887 m 2

Force normal to the surface of contact, Fn  pA f   70  0.0887  6.209 kN

 f Fn rf    870  0.30 6.209 0.11296  19.2 kW

 n Tf n
Power Capacity, P  
30 30 30

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

28. A flywheel has a mean diameter of 4 ft and is required to handle 2250 ft-lb of kinetic energy. It has a width
of 8 inches, mean operating speed is 300 rpm and the coefficient of fluctuation is to be 0.05. Find the weight
of rim, assuming that the arms and hub are equivalent to 10 % of the total rim weight. The flywheel is made
up of cast iron with specific weight of 0.26 lb per cubic inch.
a) 333.7 lb b) 373.3 lb c) 337.3 lb d) 733.3 lb

1.10 W
Solution: KE  Cf V2
g
g  KE  32.2 2250
W   333.7 lb
1.10 C f V 2
1.10 0.05 62.83 2

Dn  4  300 
Where, V  mean velocity    62.83 fps Cf = coefficient of fluctuation
60 60
g = acceleration due to gravity = 32.2 fps2 KE = Kinetic Energy
o
29. A 20 involute spur gear has a tooth whole depth of 16.95 mm, a tooth thickness of 13.2 mm, and a pitch of
3. Determine the circular pitch of the gear.
a) 26.6 mm b) 16.6 mm c) 25.6 mm d) 24.6 mm
 
Solution: Pc    1.0472 inches  26.6 mm
Pd 3

30. A parallel helical gear-set consists of a 19-tooth pinion driving a 57-teeth gear. The pinion has a left-hand
helix angle of 20o, a normal pressure angle of 14½o, and a normal diametal pitch of 10 teeth/inch. If the
pinion is to transmit 50 Hp at a speed of 1750 rpm. Determine the center distance of the two gears.
a) 2.02 inches b) 6.06 inches c) 4.04 inches d) 2.06 inches

Pd Tp Tg
Solution: Pdn   
cos  D p cos  D g cos 
Tp 19
Pitch diameter of the pinion, D p    2.02 inches
Pdn cos  10 cos 20 o
 Tg 
Pitch Diameter of the gear, D g  D p    2.02 57   6.06 inches

 Tp   19 
D  Dg 2.02  6.06
Center-to-center distance, C  p   4.04 inches
2 2

31. A right-handed single-thread hardened-steel worm has a catalog rating of 2.25 kW at 650 rpm when meshed
with a 48-tooth cast-steel gear. The axial pitch of the worm is 25 mm, normal pressure angle is 14.5 o, and
the pitch diameter of the worm is 100 mm. The coefficient of friction is 0.085. Determine the shafts center
distance.
a) 241 mm b) 142 mm c) 412 mm d) 124 mm

w n Tg D g cos  Dg
Solution: Speed Ratio , SR   w   
g ng Tw D w sin  D w tan 
L p 25
Tan      0.07958    4.55 o
D w D w 100

Pitch diameter of the gear,

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

 Tg  T   p   Tg  p   48  25 
D g   D w tan    g D w          381.97 mm
 T   D  T     1   
 Tw   w   w   w 

Dw  Dg 100  381.97
Center Distance, C    241 mm
2 2

32. A 20o straight-tooth bevel pinion having 14 teeth and a diametral pitch of 6 teeth/inch drives a 42-tooth gear.
The two shafts are at right angles and in the same plane. Find the pitch angle of the pinion.
a) 18.4o b) 20o c) 14.5o d) 20.5o

 Tp 
Solution:   tan 1    tan 1  14   18.4 o
 Tg   42 
 

33. A triple-thread worm has a lead angle of 17 o and a pitch diameter of 2.2802 inches. Find the center distance
when the worm is mated with a wheel of 48 teeth.
a) 6.72 inches b) 7.26 inches c) 6.27 inches d) 7.62 inches

 Tg 
Solution: D g   D w tan    48  2.2802 tan 17 o  11 .154 inches
T   3 
 w 
Dw  Dg 2.2802  11 .154
C   6.72 inches
2 2

34. A double-thread worm has a pitch diameter of 3 inches. The wheel has 20 teeth and a pitch diameter of 5
inches. Find the gear helix angle.
a) 4.69o b) 9.46o c) 6.49o d) 6.94o

 T  D g   
Solution:   tan 1  w    tan 1  2  5   9.46 o

 Tg  D w   20  3 

35. A 36-tooth pinion turning at 300 rpm drives 120-tooth gear of 14.5 o involute full depth pressure angle.
Determine the rpm of the driven gear.
a) 60 rpm b) 45 rpm c) 75 rpm d) 90 rpm

 Tp 
Solution: ng  np    300   36   90 rpm
 Tg   120 
 

36. If two parallel shafts are connected by cylinders in pure rolling contact and turning in the same direction,
and having a speed ratio of 2.75, what is the Center distance of the two shafts assuming that the diameter of
the smaller cylinder is 22 cm?
a) 18.25 cm b) 19.25 cm c) 20.25 cm d) 17.25 cm

Solution: Diameter of the bigger cylinder, D 2  SR  D 1   2.75 22   60.5 cm

D 2  D 1 60.5  22
Center distance, C    19.25 cm
2 2

9
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

37. Three extension springs are hooked in series that support a single weight of 100 kg. The first spring is rated
at 4 kN/m and the other two springs are rated 6 kN/m each. Determine the equivalent stiffness of the three
springs.
a) 1.71 kN/m b) 5 kN/m c) 2.71 kN/m d) 3.71 kN/m

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 7
Solution:          
k e k1 k 2 k 3 4 6 6 4 3 12 12

12
ke   1.71 kN / m
7
38. Three extension springs are hooked in parallel that support a single weight of 100 kg. The springs are rated
4 kN/m, 5 kN/m, and 6 kN/m, respectively. Determine the equivalent spring constant of the three springs.
a) 10 kN/m b) 15 kN/m c) 9 kN/m d) 11 kN/m

Solution: k e  k 1  k 2  k 3  4  5  6  15 kN / m

39. Two extension coil springs are hooked in series that support a single weight of 100 kg. The first spring is
rated at 4 kN/m and the other spring is rated at 6 kN/m. Determine the total deflection of the springs.
a) 408.6 mm b) 486.0 mm c) 480.6 mm d) 460.8 mm

F F  k k2  4  6
Solution:  t  1   2    F 1   100 kg  9.8066 N / kg     408.6 mm
k1 k 2  k1k 2   4 6  

40. If the ultimate shear strength of a steel plates is 42 000 psi, what force is necessary to punch a 0.75 inch
diameter hole in a 0.625 inch thick plate?
a) 61 850 lb b) 65 810 lb c) 61 580 lb d) 60 185 lb

 
Solution: F  s u A s  s u  d t   42000 lb / in 2    0.75 in  0.625 in   61 850.1 lb

41. In a straight bevel gear, how do you call the angle between an element on the pitch cone and an element on
the face cone?
a) Face angle b) Pitch angle c) Addendum angle d) Dedendum angle

42. It is a Grashof four-bar mechanism in which the shortest link is the frame or fixed link and the other two
cranks completely rotate with their axes. How do you call this Grashof four-bar mechanism?
a) Drag-link mechanism b) Crank-rocker mechanism
c) Double-rocker mechanism d) Triple-rocker mechanism

43. It is a mechanism that includes an oscillating link or reciprocating slider that moves forward slowly and
returns quickly, with constant speed input. What is this mechanism commonly called?
a) Slider-crank mechanism b) Crank-rocker mechanism
c) Quick-return mechanism d) Drag-link mechanism

44. “For a planar four-bar linkage, the sum of the shortest and longest lengths cannot be greater than the sum of
the remaining two link lengths if there is to be a continuous relative rotation between two members.” How
do you call the preceding statement?
a) Grubler’s Law b) Coriolli’s Law c) Grashof’s Law d) Freudentein’s Law

45. Which of the following is not true for an instant center or centro of planar linkages?
a) Centro is a point common to two bodies having the same velocity in each.
b) Centro is a point in one body about which another body does not rotate.

10
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

c) Centro is a point in one body about which another body actually turns.
d) Centro is a point in one body about which another body tends to turn.

46. This is the most common work holding device of a shaper machine with the base graduated in degrees that
make it possible to swivel any angle. What is this working device?
a) Shaper vise b) Parallel bars and hold down bars c) Lathe holder d) Swivel head

47. This is a shaper operation, which is shaping the given stock and having the excess material remain with a
tolerable allowance for finishing. How do you call this operation?
a) Roughing b) Finishing c) Angular cutting d) Contouring

48. How do you call a cutting tool that has two or more cutting edges as in drill presses and milling machine
cutters?
a) Grinder b) Single-point cutting tool
c) Multi-point cutting tool d) Two point cutting tool

49. This is the trade name for a patented alloy made up chiefly of cobalt, chromium, and tungsten in varying
proportions. What is this trade name?
a) Stellite b) Carboloy c) Stainless steel d) Copper

50. It is called as the transformation of concepts and ideas into useful machinery. What is this?
a) Design b) Synthesis c) Analysis d) Theorem

51. This is a combination of mechanisms and other components that transforms, transmits, or uses energy, load,
or motion for a specific purpose. How do yopu call this?
a) Mechanism b) Engine c) Machine d) Linkage

52. It is defined as synergistic collection of machine elements; synergistic because as a design it represents an
idea or concept greater than the sum of the individual pats. What is this system?
a) System of mechanisms b) Mechanical system c) Design system d) Expert system

53. It may be defined as the displacement per length produced in a solid and as the result of stress. How do you
call this?
a) Deformation b) Elongation c) Strain d) Stress

54. What is the combination of applied normal and shear stresses that produces maximum principal normal
stress or minimum principal normal stress, with a third principal stress between or equivalent to the
extremes?
a) Principal shear stress b) Principal normal stress
c) Maximum shear stress d) Bending and shear stresses

55. How do you call a load that is applied transversely to longitudinal axis of member?
a) Combined loads b) Concentrated load c) Bending load d) Distributed load

56. What is the intensity and direction of internal force acting at given point on particular plane?
a) Load b) Strain c) Stress d) Sustained load

57. It is the capacity of a material to absorb energy when it is deformed elastically and then, upon unloading, to
increase this energy. What is this capacity of a material?
a) Resilience b) Toughness c) Rigidity d) Ductility

58. How do you call the strain energy per unit volume required to stress a material from an unloaded state to the
point of yielding?

11
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

a) Modulus of roughness b) Modulus of elasticity

c) Modulus of rigidity d) Modulus of resilience

59. What is the ability of the material to absorb energy up to fracture?

a) Toughness b) Rigidity c) Resilience d) Stiffness

60. What is the other term for the Maximum-Shear-Stress Theory, as a failure prediction theory?
a) von Mises criterion b) Tresca yield criterion
c) Coulomb-Mohr theory d) Modified Mohr theory

61. It is a failure prediction theory, which states that a part subjected to any combination of loads will fail (by
yielding or fracturing) whenever the maximum shear stress exceeds a critical value. How do you call this
failure prediction theory?
a) Distortion-energy theory b) Maximum-shear-stress theory
c) Internal friction theory d) Modified Mohr theory

62. This is a theory in cyclic and impact loading, which states that damage at any stress level, is proportional to
number of cycles. What is this theory commonly called?
a) Miner’s Rule b) Paris Power Law
c) Goodman Rule d) Manson-Coffin Relationship
63. It is journal bearing where the radius of the journal is less than the radius of the bushing or bearing. What is
this journal bearing?
a) Fitted journal bearing b) Clearance journal bearing
c) Partial journal bearing d) Full journal bearing

64. This is a lubrication where the load-carrying surfaces of the bearing are separated by a relatively thick film
of lubricant, so as to prevent metal-to-metal contact; and where the stability of the film can be explained by
the laws of fluid mechanics. How do you call this type of lubrication?
a) Hydrostatic lubrication b) Hydrodynamic lubrication
c) Elastohydrodynamic lubrication d) Boundary lubrication

65. This is a lubrication condition where non-conformal surfaces are completely separated by lubricant film and
no asperities are in contact. How do you call this lubrication condition?
a) Elastohydrodynamic lubrication b) Boundary lubrication
c) Hydrodynamic lubrication d) Hydrostatic lubrication

66. How do call the speed at which a rotating shaft becomes dynamically unstable?
a) Normal speed b) Variable speed c) Critical speed d) Average speed

67. How do you call a ball bearing with race containing pronounced groove for rolling elements?
a) Crown bearing b) Conrad bearing
c) Angular-contact bearing d) Cylindrical bearing

68. This is a machining process for producing internal straight cylindrical surface or profiles, with process
characteristics and tooling similar to those for turning operations. What is this machining process?
a) Boring b) Drilling c) Reaming d) Milling

69. This is a machining operation for all types of metallic and nonmetallic materials and is capable of producing
circular parts with straight or various profiles. How do you call this machining operation?
a) Boring b) Turning c) Drilling d) Milling

70. What is a set of specification for parts, materials, or processes intended to achieve uniformity, efficiency,
and a specified quality?

12
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

a) Code b) Standard c) Law d) Theorem

71. This is a set of specifications for the analysis, design, manufacture, and construction of something; the
purpose of which is to achieve a specified degree of safety, efficiency, and performance or quality. How do
you call this set of specifications?
a) Code b) Standard c) Law d) Theorem

72. It is an American nonprofit society, founded in 1921, whose objectives are to improve and advance the use
of fabricated structural steel. What is this society?
a) American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) b) American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
c) American Society for Metals (ASM) d) American Society of Testing and materials (ASTM)

73. This is a sketch of a machine, a machine element, or part of a machine element that shows all acting forces,
such as applied loads and gravity forces, and all reactive forces. How do you call this?
a) Schematic diagram b) Free body diagram
c) Moment diagram d) Skeletal diagram

74. How do call the size to which limits or deviations is assigned and is the same for both members of the fit; it
is the exact theoretical size?
a) Nominal size b) Basic size c) Maximum size d) Minimum size

75. What is the algebraic difference between a size and the corresponding basic size?
a) Tolerance b) Allowance c) Deviation d) Limit

76. What is the algebraic difference between the maximum limit and the corresponding basic size?
a) Fundamental deviation b) Upper deviation
c) Lower deviation d) Tolerance

77. What is the algebraic difference between the minimum limit and the corresponding basic size?
a) Fundamental deviation b) Upper deviation
c) Lower deviation d) Tolerance

78. This is either the upper or the lower deviation, depending on which is closer to the basic size. How do you
call this deviation?
a) Fundamental deviation b) Upper deviation
c) Lower deviation d) Tolerance

79. What is the difference between the maximum and minimum size limits of a part?
a) Allowance b) Tolerance c) Deviation d) Basic size

80. What are the stated maximum and minimum dimensions?

a) Tolerances b) Limits c) Nominal sizes d) Basic sizes

81. This is a general term that refers to the mating of cylindrical parts such as bolt or a hole; it is used only when
the internal member is smaller that the external member. How do you call this?
a) Clearance b) Interference c) Allowance d) Tolerance

82. What is the opposite of clearance, for mating cylindrical parts in which the internal member is larger than
the external member?
a) Clearance b) Allowance c) Tolerance d) Interference

83. What is the minimum stated clearance or the maximum stated interference for mating parts?
a) Clearance b) Allowance c) Tolerance d) Interference

13
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

84. How do you call the property of a material that measures the degree of plastic deformation sustained at
fracture?
a) Toughness b) Stiffness c) Ductility d) Brittleness

85. These are compounds of metallic elements, most frequently oxides, nitrides, and carbides.
a) Plastics b) Polymers c) Ceramics d) Alloy

86. What do you call a material having different properties in all directions at point in solid?
a) Isotropic material b) Anisotropic material
c) Orthotropic material d) Ceramic material

87. This is a material having different properties in three mutually perpendicular directions at point in solid and
having three mutually perpendicular planes of material symmetry. What is this material?
a) Orthotropic material b) Isotropic material
c) Anisotropic material d) Thermoplastic material

88. What are the combinations of two or more materials, usually consisting of fiber and thermosetting polymer?
a) Brittle materials b) Composite materials
c) Polymers d) Ceramics

89. A theorem stating that “when a body is elastically deformed by a system of loads, the deflection at any point
p in any direction a is a equal to the partial derivative of the strain energy (with the system of loads acting)
with respect to a load at p in the direction a”. What is this theorem?
a) Poisson’s Theorem b) Newton’s Theorem
c) Castigliano’s Theorem d) Mohr’s Theorem

90. This is a principle or method that a deflection at any point in bar is equal to sum of deflections caused by
each load acting separately. How do you call this method or principle?
a) Summation Method b) Method of balancing
c) Method of superposition d) Shear and Moment diagram method

91. What is a failure prediction theory in which failure is caused by the elastic energy associated with shear
deformation?
a) Maximum-shear-stress theory b) Distortion-energy theory
c) Maximum-normal-stress theory d) Internal friction theory

92. This is the accepted standard wire rope with the wires twisted in one direction to from strands and the
strands twisted in opposite direction to form a rope. How do you call this wire rope?
a) Improved plow steel wire rope b) Regular lang lay wire rope
c) Mild plow steel wire rope d) Long lay wire rope

93. How do call a wire rope in which the wires and strands are twisted in same direction?
a) Long lay b) Lang lay
c) Mild plow steel wire rope d) Copper wire rope

94. What is a form of correction that develops on highly localized areas on a metal surface?
a) Crevice b) Erosion c) Galvanic d) Apitting

95. How do you call the corrosion of iron-base-alloys?

a) Rusting b) Crazing c) Chalking d) Fritting

14
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

96. This is an iron in which most of the carbon is chemically combined with the iron. What is this iron
commonly called?
a) Cast iron b) Gray iron c) White iron d) Malleable iron

97. This is a machining operation whereby the tools rotate while the feed is stationary. What do you call this
machining operation?
a) Shaping b) Milling c) Turning d) Reaming

98. Which of the following metals is easy to chisel?

a) Alloy steel b) Stainless steel c) Manganese steel d) Cast iron

99. Which of the following contains a relatively large amount in ferrous metals?
a) Carbon b) Manganese c) Phosphorous d) Sulfur

100. Which of the following is not a strength property of metals?

a) Tensile strength b) Rocking strength
c) Fatigue strength d) Torsional strength

101. A round steel shaft transmits 0.75 Hp at 1750 rpm. The shaft is subjected to torsion only and the design
stress is 7000 psi. Determine the diameter.
a) 0.37 inch b) 0.27 inch c) 0.72 inch d) 0.57 inch

T 16  63000  Hp 16  63000   0.75 

Solution: D 3 3 3  0.27 inch
 ss  n ss   1750   7000 

102. What diameter of a steel shaft is required to transmit 2 200 Hp at 2 000 rpm with a maximum fiber
stress in the shaft of 15 000 psi? Use the standard commercial size.
a) 2.75 inches b) 3 inches c) 2.95 inches d) 3.125 inches

63000 Hp 63000  2200

Solution: T   69 300 in lb  5775 ft lb
n 2000
1 1
 16 T  3 16  69 300  3
D Use, 3 inches, shaft
 s      1 5000   2.87"
 s   

103. The shaft has a diameter of 1.58 inches and carrying a pulley with a bending load of 800 lb.The shaft is
supported by two bearings which are 5 inches and 15 inches from the pulley respectively. Assuming that the
modulus of elasticity is 30 x 106 psi. Determine the lowest critical speed of the shaft, neglecting the shaft
weight
a) 2038 rpm b) 3028 rpm c) 2308 rpm d) 3208 rpm
  1
4

Rectangular moment of inertia, I   D 

4
Solution:  0.0491 in.4
64 64

576 E I g  576   30 x 106   0.0491  32.2 

Lowest Critical Speed, cr    213.39 rad / s
W L3  75  20 
3

30 cr 30  213.39 
N cr    2 037.68 rpm
 

15
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

104. Which of the following is the allowable stress that is generally used in practice for main transmitting
shafts?
a) 8 500 psi b) 4 000 psi c) 6 000 psi d) 6 500 psi

105. Which of the following equations is the equation of polar moment of inertia of a hollow shaft?
a) J 

32

 Do  4   Di  4 b) J 

64

 Do  4   Di  4 
 D3o   Di  
4
 D3o 1  
c) J  1  4  d) J   
32 16   Do  
 

106. Which of the following equations is not an equation of maximum shear stress of a shaft subject to
combined torsion and bending?
16 1
a) S s (max)  T2  M2 S 2  4  Ss 
2
b) S s (max) 
 D3 2
2 2
S 16  PD
    Ss 
2
c) S s (max)  d) S s (max)  T2   
2  D3  8 

107. What is an equation used to determine the first critical speed of the shaft that overestimates frequency?
a) Soderberg Equation b) Rayleigh Equation c) Dunkerly Equation d) Euler Equation

108. Maximum Principal Stress theory is a theory of failure accredited to:

a) W. J. M. Rankine b) J. J. Guest c) S. Carnot d) J. Coulomb

109. A single square thread power screw is to raise a load of 70 kN. The screw has a major diameter of 36
mm and a pitch of 6 mm. The coefficient of thread friction and collar friction are 0.13 and 0.10 respectively.
If the collar mean diameter is 90 mm and the screw turns at 60 rpm, find the axial linear speed of the screw.
a) 5 mm/s b) 6 mm/s c) 7 mm/s d) 5.5 mm/s

Solution: For the linear speed of the screw,

Vn = n (L) = (60 rpm)(6 mm/rev) = 360 mm/min = 6 mm/s

110. A double thread ACME screw driven by a motor at 400 rpm raises the attached load of 900 kg at a
speed of 10 m/min. The screw has a pitch diameter of 36 mm; the coefficient of friction on threads is 0.15.
The friction torque on the thrust bearing of the motor is taken as 20 % of the total input. Determine the lead
angle.
a) 12.465o b) 14.265o c) 15.462o d) 16.452o
V 10
Solution: For the lead, L    0.025 m  25 mm
n 400

1  L  1  25  1
For the lead angle,   tan    tan    tan 0.22105  12.465
o

 D m   36  

111. A vise is equipped with a 1-inch single square thread, with 4 threads/inch. The frictional radius of the
collar is 0.5 inch. The coefficient of friction for both the collar and threads is 0.2. How much external torque
must be applied to produce a force of 200 lb against the jaws of the vise?
a) 45.9 in-lb b) 49.5 in-lb c) 54.9 in-lb d) 59.4 in-lb

16
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

1 1
Solution: For the thread pitch, p    0.25 inch
Number of Threads per Inch 4

For the minor diameter, Di = Do – p = 1 – 0.25 = 0.75 inch

D o  Di 1  0.75
For the mean or pitch diameter of the screw, Dm    0.875 inch
2 2

1  L  1  p  1  0.25  1
For the lead angle,   tan    tan    tan    tan 0.09095  5.197
o

 D m   D m   0 . 875  

Solving for the torque required to overcome the collar friction,

fFDc  0.2   200   0.5 
Tc    20 in  lb
2 2

Solving for the torque required to overcome the thread friction,

FD m  tan   f  200  0.875   0.09095  0.2 

Ts      25.93 in  lb
2  1  f tan   2  1  0.2  0.9095  

Solving for the total torque, T = Ts + Tc = 25.93 + 20 = 45.93 in-lb

112. This key allows the hub to move along the shaft but prevents the rotation of the shaft. How do you call
this key?
a) Woodruff key b) Feather key
c) Gibs key d) Square key

113. These machine parts are used for permanent fits, and are similar to involute splines except for the
pressure angles of 14.5o.
a) Spline keys b) Spline pins
c) Spline shafts d) Involute serrations

114. This is a coupling that transmits power by the use of frictional forces induced by pulling the flanges
each over slotted tapered sleeves. What do you call this coupling?
a) Flange coupling b) Ribbed compression coupling
c) Rigid Coupling d) Flanged compression coupling

115. This coupling is used for absorbing some shock and vibration that may appear on one shaft and
preventing the occurrence of reversed stresses caused of the shaft deflecting at the coupling. What do you
call this type of coupling?
a) Rigid Coupling b) Flexible Coupling
c) Flange Coupling d) Universal joint

116. Which of the following are the principal parts of journal bearing?
a) Bearing and journal b) Clearance and fitted
c) Shaft and Babbit d) Shaft and Cylinder

117. This bearing is a type of bearing wherein the line of action of the load bisects the arc of partial bearing.
How do you call this bearing?
a) Eccentrically Loaded b) Fit Loaded

17
MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

c) Centrally Loaded d) Surface Loaded

118. What is the difference of the radii of the bearings and the journal?
a) Even Clearance b) Clearance ration
c) Fit Clearance d) Radial Clearance

119. This bearing is the one in which the radii of the journal and the bearings are the same. What is the type
of this bearing?
a) Fitted Bearing b) Partial Bearing
c) Full Bearing d) Clearance Bearing

120. What is a line that passes through the centers of the bearing and the journal?
a) Line of Action b) Line of Centers
c) Under cut d)) Line of tangent

121. What is this type of roller bearing in which the balls are assembled by the eccentric displacement of the
inner ring?
a) Shallow-groove ball bearing b) Self-aligning ball bearing
c) Filling-slot ball bearing d) Deep-groove ball bearing
122. Which if the following is not a type of ball bearing?
a) Shallow-groove ball bearing b) Self-aligning ball bearing
c) Filling-lot ball bearing d) Deep-groove ball bearing

123. Which of the following ranges of belt speed suggests the most economical designs?
a) 4000 to 4500 fpm b) 2000 to 3000 fpm
c) 3000 to 4000 fpm d) 4000 to 5000 fpm

124. What do you a wire rope in which the wires and strands are twisted in opposite directions?
a) Long lay b) Lang lay
c) Regular lay d) Performed

125. What do you call a wire rope in which the wires and strands are twisted in same direction?
a) Long lay b) Lang lay
c) Performed d) Non-performed

126. What is the product of the length and diameter of a bearing?

a) Projected area b) Shearing area
c) Compressive area d) Cross-sectional area

127. Which gauge is used to check internal threads?

a) Plug gauge b) Ring gauge
c) Thread plug gauge d) Thread ring gauge

128. When outside diameter of a job is turned in relation to the internal hole, the job should be held:
a) In three-jaw chuck b) On the lathe mandrel
c) On face plate d) Between centers

129. Which of the following is the measure of modulus of elasticity?

a) Accuracy b) Quality
c) Stiffness d) Rigidity

130. How do you call the ratio of moment and stress?

a) Strain b) Contraction

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

c) Proportional constant d) Section Modulus

131. For a symmetrical cross-sectional beam, what is the value of flexural stress when the vertical shear
stress is at maximum?
a) Infinity b) Maximum
c) Zero d) Minimum

132. In a pressure vessel, how do you call the ratio of minimum strength of joint to the strength of the solid
joint?
a) Efficiency b) Performance Factor
c) Joint Efficiency d) Relative Strength

133. What is the usual factor of safety in a pressure vessel?

a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 5

134. In a lathe machine, how do you call the diameter of the largest workpiece that can be rotated in a chuck
or between centers without hitting the bed?
a) Chuck diameter b) Swing
c) Distance between centers d) Spindle diameter
135. It is a kind of mandrel made of soft metals or hard wood that is used to prevent the workpiece to be
meshed, especially soft metals for thin cylinders. How do you call this mandrel?
a) Homemade mandrel b) Taper mandrel
c) Threaded mandrel d) Gang mandrel

136. It is called as any internal stress that exists in a part at uniform temperature and not acted upon by an
external load. What is this type of stress?
a) Residual stress b) Superposed stress
c) Form stress d) Control stress

137. How do you call a phenomenon when two touching surfaces have a high contact pressure and when
these surfaces have minute relative motion?
a) Pre-stressing b) Friction
c) Carving d) Fretting

138. What is this part of headstock of a lathe machine used to transmit power from the spindle?
a) Motor b) Back gear
c) Headstock spindle d) Switch

139. When a hot part is cooled suddenly by quenching, there is momentarily a high temperature gradient that
induces a stress gradient. Some metal parts under certain conditions crack as a result. What is this
phenomenon?
a) Thermal-shock failure b) Thermal fatigue
c) Honing d) Quenching

140. Fatigue strength is increased by repeated loads just below the normal fatigue limit and followed by
small step-by-step increases of the loading. What is this?
a) Mixing b) Coaxing
c) Axing d) Relieving

141. How do you call an axial distance that a screw advances in one turn or revolution?
a) Lead b) Circular pitch
c) Pitch d) Axial pitch

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

142. What is a screw fastener with a nut on it?

a) Bolt b) Rivet
c) Fastener d) Square screw

143. It is a type of bolt distinguished by a short portion of shank underneath the head, being square or finned
or ribbed. What is this bolt?
a) Coupling bolt b) Machine bolt
c) Stud bolt d) Carriage bolt

144. How do you call a large wood screw that is used to fasten machinery and equipment to a wooden base?
a) Lag screw b) Wood screw
c) Log screw d) Square screw

145. How do you call the ratio of mean diameter of coil and the coil diameter of a spring?
a) Wahl number b) Diameter ratio
c) Spring index d) Lead angle

146. It is a low cost spring material, suitable where service is not severe and dimensional precision is not
needed. How do you call this spring material?
a) Hard drawn wire b) helical spring wire
c) Stainless steel d) helical tension spring wire

147. How do you call a spring material that is hard drawn (80 % reduction) but made up of high-grade steel?
a) Music wire b) Oil tempered wire
c) Song wire d) Chromium-silicon wire

148. It is a spring wire with good quality for impact loads and moderately high temperatures. What is this
spring material?
a) Hard drawn spring wire b) helical spring wire
c) Chromium-silicon d) Helical tension wire

149. It is a type of coil spring where the helical coil is wrapped into a circle forming an annular ring. How do
you call this spring?
a) Volute spring b) Motor spring
c) Hair spring d) Garter spring

150. It is a type of spring where thin flat strip wound up on itself as a plane spiral, usually anchored at the
inside end. What do you call this spring?
a) Volute spring b) Motor spring
c) Hair spring d) Garter spring

151. What do you call a ratio of the length of the column and the radius of gyration of the cross-sectional
area about the centroidal axis?
a) Power factor b) Contact ratio
d) Constant ratio d) Slenderness ratio

152. A screw that requires a positive torque to lower the load, or to loosen the screw if it has been turned
tight against a resistance. How do you call this screw?
a) Power screw b) Self screw
c) Lock screw d) Self-locking screw

153. What is the other term used for Kennedy key?

a) Tangential key b) Normal key

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

c) Saddle key d) Rollpin key

154. Which of the following device used to measure the speed accurately?
a) Dial gage b) Dial indicator
c) Speedometer d) Tachometer

155. When the hole is smaller than the shaft, it will take pressure to put the parts together. The allowance is
said to be negative and is termed as:
a) Interference of metal b) Negative allowance
c) Negative tolerance d) Negative fits

156. When two elastic bodies collide, which of the following laws can be used to solve for the resulting
velocity?
a) Avogadro’s law b) Conservation of momentum and conservation of energy
c) Dalton’s law of partial pressure c) Conservation of energy

157. What is the ability of metal to be deformed considerably without rupture?

a) Toughness b) Stiffness
c) Plasticity d) Ductility
158. It is a science of motion that can be solved in terms of scalar or vector algebra. How do you cal this
science?
a) Kinematics b) Dynamics of machine
c) Engineering mechanics d) Strength of materials

159. A system of forces in space is in equilibrium. If two equal and opposite collinear forces are added,
which of the following if any is true?
a) Forces are in opposite directions b) Equilibrium is destroyed
c) Equilibrium is maintained d) An unbalanced of moment exist

160. It is a metal that assists lubrication or lubricant in itself. What is this metal?
a) Lead b) Babbit
c) Zinc d) Antimony

161. What do you call a mechanism that usually does the indexing in a machine tool?
a) Indexing machine b) Dividing head
c) Slotter c) Universal chuck

162. The machine element equalizes the energy exerted and the work done thus preventing excessive or
sudden changes of speed. What is this machine element?
a) Pulley b) Gear
b) Flywheel d) Shaft

163. How do you call the product of the resultant of all forces acting on a body and the time that the resultant
acts?
a) Linear momentum b) Linear impulse
c) Angular momentum c) Angular impulse

164. Which of the following is not a structure class of steel?

a) High strength low alloy steel b) High chrome alloy steel
c) Tool and die steel d) Low carbon steel

165. Poison ratio is defined as the ratio of which of the following?

a) Lateral strain and longitudinal strain b) Shear strain and compressive strain

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

c) Elastic limit and proportional limit d) Elastic limit and compressive strain

166. How do you call a property of material that relates the lateral strain to the longitudinal strain?
a) Stress b) Poison’s ratio
c) Modulus of resilience d) Strain

167. This is a maximum stress to which a material may be subjected before failure occurs. What do you call
this maximum stress?
a) Ultimate stress b) Endurance limit
c) Yield stress c) Ultimate strength

168. It deals only with the motion of bodies without reference to the forces that cause them. What is this?
a) Dynamics b) Kinetics
c) Kinematics d) Static

169. It is the circle on gear that corresponds to the contact surface of the friction wheel. How do you call this
circle?
a) Pitch circle b) Addendum circle
c) Base circle d) Dedendum circle
170. It is the circle drawn through the top of the gear tooth; its center is at the gear center. What is this circle?
a) Pitch circle b) Addendum circle
c) Base circle d) Dedendum circle

171. Whar is the radial distance from the pitch circle to the addendum circle of a spur gear?
a) Addendum b) Dedendum
c) Clearance d) Space width

172. This circle is drawn through the bottom of the gear tooth; its center is at the gear center. What do you
call this circle?
a) Pitch circle b) Addendum circle
c) Base circle d) Dedendum circle

173. The largest circle centered at the gear center, which is not penetrated by the teeth of the mating gear. It
is a circle tangent to the addendum circle of the mating gear. What is this circle?
a) Pitch circle b) Addendum circle
c) Clearance circle d) Dedendum circle

174. This radial distance of a gear is measured from the clearance circle to the root circle, and is the
difference between the dedendum of one gear and addendum of the mating gear. What is this radial
distance?
a) Addendum b) Dedendum
c) Clearance d) Space width

175. This radial distance in a gear is measured between the addendum and dedendum circle, snd is the sum of
the addendum and the dedendum? How do you call this distance?
a) Addendum b) Whole depth
c) Working depth d) Space width

176. This minimum distance is measured between the non-driving side of a tooth and the adjacent side of the
mating tooth. It is the amount by which the width of a tooth space exceeds the thickness of the engaging
tooth measured on the pitch circle. What is this distance?
a) Circular pitch b) Whole depth

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

c) Backlash d) Space width

177. It is an arc of the pitch circle of a spur gear through which a tooth travels from the first point of contact
with the mating tooth to the point where the contact ceases. What is this arc?
a) Arc of action b) Arc of approach
c) Tooth profile d) Involute curve

178. It is an arc of the pitch circle of a spur gear through which a tooth travels from the point of contact with
the mating tooth to the pitch point. What is this arc?
a) Arc of action b) Arc of approach
c) Arc of recess d) Involute curve

179. What is an arc of the pitch circle of a spur gear through which a tooth travels from its contact with the
mating tooth at the pitch point where the contact ceases?
a) Arc of action b) Arc of approach
c) Arc of recess d) Involute curve

180. What is the angle between the line drawn from the pitch point perpendicular to the line of centers and
the line drawn from the pitch point to the point where a pair of teeth of gears is in contact?
a) Pressure angle b) Helix angle
c) Lead angle d) Angle of approach

181. How do you call the circle from which an involute tooth of a spur gear is generated or developed?
a) Pitch circle b) Addendum circle
c) Base circle d) Dedendum circle

182. What do you call an angle in the base cylinder of an involute spur gear that the tooth makes with the
gear axis?
a) Pressure angle b) Base helix angle
c) Lead angle d) Angle of approach

183. What is the pitch on the base circle or along the line of action of an involute spur gear?.
a) Axial base pitch of an involute gear b) Normal pitch of an involute gear
c) Angle of approach of an involute gear d) Base pitch of an involute gear

184. This is the distance between the parallel axes of spur gears or parallel helical gears, or the distance
between the crossed axes of helical gears and worm gears. It can be defined also as the distance between the
centers of pitch circles. What is this distance?
a) Addendum b) Center distance
c) Clearance d) Space width

185. This is the width of the tooth measured along the pitch circle. How do you call this tooth width of a
gear?
a) Circular thickness b) Chordal thickness
c) Tooth space d) Face width

186. The tooth width measured along the chord at the pitch circle is known as:
a) Circular thickness b) Chordal thickness
c) Tooth space d) Face width

187. The space between teeth measured along the pitch circle is called:
a) Circular thickness b) Chordal thickness

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

c) Tooth space d) Face width

188. The length of teeth in an axial direction is called as:

a) Circular thickness b) Chordal thickness
c) Tooth space d) Face width

189. The surface of the tooth between the pitch cylinder and the addendum cylinder is said to be:
a) Tooth face b) Chordal thickness
c) Tooth space d) Face width

190. The surface of the tooth between the pitch and root cylinders is said to be:
a) Circular thickness b) Tooth flank
c) Tooth space d) Face width

191. The surface of the top of the tooth of a gear is known as:
a) Tooth top land b) Tooth bottom land
c) Tooth space d) Face width

192. The surface of the bottom of the tooth space is said to be:
a) Circular thickness b) Chordal thickness
c) Tooth space d) Tooth bottom land

193. Circular Pitch is the distance measured along the pitch circle from a point on one tooth to the
corresponding point on the adjacent tooth of the gear.
a) Circular thickness b) Diametral pitch
c) Circular pitch d) Tooth bottom land

194. It is the number of teeth per inch of the pitch diameter. This is also a number or parameter used to
determine the sizes of gears in the English system.
a) Circular thickness b) Diametral pitch
c) Circular pitch d) Module

195. The ratio of the pitch diameter to the number of teeth; it is a number used to determine and specify gear
sizes in the metric system.
a) Circular thickness b) Diametral pitch
c) Circular pitch d) Module

196. “The shape (profile) of the tooth of a gear must be such that the common normal at the point of contact
between two teeth always passes through a fixed point on the line of centers of the gears.” The preceding
statement is known as:
a) Grashof’s law b) Coriolli’s law
c) Klein’s law d) Fundamental law of gearing

197. A curve described by a point on a circle that rolls internally or externally on another circle is said to be:
a) Arc of action b) Arc of approach
c) Involute curve d) Cycloid curve

198. the path generated by a tracing point on a cord as the chord is unwrapped from a cylinder called the base
cylinder
a) Arc of action b) Arc of approach
c) Involute curve d) Cycloid curve

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

199. For two externally meshing gears, which of the following is incorrect?
a) The same direction of rotation b) The same diametral pitch
c) The same circular pitch d) The same addendum

200. For two internally mashing gears, which of the following is incorrect?
a) Opposite directions of rotation b) The same diametral pitch
c) The same circular pitch d) The same addendum

201. A rotating or stationary member, usually of circular cross section much smaller in diameter than its
length, used to transmit motion or power; having mounted on it such power-transmitting elements as gears,
pulleys, belts, chains, cam, flywheels, cranks, sprockets, and rolling-element bearings.
a) Gear b) Flywheel
c) Shaft d) Cam

202. A non-rotating member that carries no torque and is used to support rotating wheels, pulleys, and the
like.
a) Spindle b) Axle
c) Line shaft d) Counter shaft
203. A 20 straight-tooth bevel pinion having 14 teeth and a diametral pitch of 6 teeth/inch drives a 32-tooth
o

gear. The two shafts are at right angles and in the same plane. The pinion is to transmit 1800 rpm and
transmitting 50 hp. Determine the pitch diameters of the gears.
a) 2.33 inches and 5.36 inches b) 3.23 inches and 3.56 inches
c) 5.36 inches and 6.36 inches d) 2.33 inches and 2.33 inches

T1 14 T   32 
Solution: D1    2.33 inches D 2  D1  2    2.33    5.36 inches
Pd 6  T1   14 

204. A 20o straight-tooth bevel pinion having 14 teeth and a diametral pitch of 6 teeth/inch drives a 32-tooth
gear. The two shafts are at right angles and in the same plane. The pinion is to transmit 1800 rpm and
transmitting 50 hp. Determine the tangential load on the pinion tooth.
a) 1502.75 lb b) 1205.75 lb
c) 1702.55 lb d) 1575.02 lb

T1 14
Solution: D1    2.33 inches
Pd 6
 2.33 
Vm  D1 N1      1800   1097.99 fpm
 12 
33000Hp 33000  50 
Ft    1502.75 lb
Vm 1097.99

205. In a standard bevel gear, the pinion rotates at 150 rpm, its number of teeth is 14 while the the gear has
42 teeth, determine the pitch angles of the pinion and the gear.
a) 21.43o and 71.57o b) 18.43o and 71.57o
o o
c) 18.43 and 75.71 d) 21.43o and 75.71o
T   14 
Solution:   tan 1  1   tan 1    18.43o   90o    90o  18.43  71.57 o
 T2   42 

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

206. A triple threaded worm has a pitch diameter of 3 inches. The wheel has 25 teeth and a pitch diameter of
5 inches. Material for both the wheel and the wheel is phosphor bronze. Determine the helix angle of the
gear.
a) 11.31o b) 13.11o
o
c) 11.13 d) 10.13o
Dg   5
Solution: Circular pitch of the worm gear, Pc    0.6283 inch
Tg 25
Where, Pc = Pa = pitch of the worm

Solving for the lead, L = Nt Pa = 3(0.6283) = 1.8849 inches

1  L  1  1.8849 
Solving for the lead angle of the worm,   tan    tan    11.31
o

 D w   3 

For the helix angle, and considering that the shafts angle is 90 o,

g =  = 11.31o ans.

207. The geometric shape of bevel gears based on equivalent rolling contact is known as:
a) Pitch cone b) Cone distance
c) Face cone d) Root cone

208. The intersection of the elements making up the pitch cone is called as:
a) Pitch cone b) Cone distance
c) Apex of pitch cone d) Root cone

209. A slant height of the pitch cone. It is the length of a pitch cone element.
a) Pitch cone b) Cone distance
c) Apex of pitch cone d) Root cone

210. The cone formed by the elements passing through the top of the teeth and the apex is known as:
a) Pitch cone b) Cone distance
c) Face cone d) Root cone

211. The cone formed by the elements passing through the bottom of the teeth and the apex is said to be:
a) Pitch cone b) Cone distance
c) Apex of pitch cone d) Root cone

212. The angle between an element of the face cone and the axis of the gear is known as:
a) Face angle b) Pitch angle
c) Pitch angle d) Root angle

213. The angle between an element of the pitch cone and the axis of the gear is called as:
a) Face angle b) Pitch angle
c) Pitch angle d) Root angle

214. It is the angle between an element of the root cone and the axis of the gear.
a) Face angle b) Pitch angle
c) Pitch angle d) Root angle

215. It is the width of a tooth of a bevel gear. How do you call this?
a) Face width b) Addendum

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MACHINE DESIGN/SHOP PRACTICE

c) Apex d) Dedendum

216. It is the distance from an element on the pitch cone to an element on the face cone, measured on the
outside of the tooth. What is this distance?
a) Face width b) Addendum
c) Apex d) Dedendum

217. It is the distance from an element on the pitch cone to an element on the root cone, measured on the
outside of the gear. How do you call this distance?
a) Face width b) Addendum
c) Apex d) Dedendum

218. It the angle between an element on the pitch cone and an element on the face cone.
a) Addendum angle b) Dedendum angle
c) Pitch angle d) Root angle

219. The angle between an element on the pitch cone and an element on the root cone is known as:
a) Addendum angle b) Dedendum angle
c) Pitch angle d) Root angle

220. The pitch diameter measured on the inside of the tooth is said to be:
a) Inside pitch diameter b) Outside pitch diameter
c) Back cone diameter d) Root cone diameter

221. It is the pitch diameter measured on the outside of the tooth.

a) Inside pitch diameter b) Outside pitch diameter
c) Back cone diameter d) Root cone diameter

27