LAS PerDev. Q2 Week1
LAS PerDev. Q2 Week1
Week 1
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VIII
Division of Eastern Samar
HOMONHON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SULANGAN ANNEX
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS IN
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
MELCs Competencies:
Discuss an understanding of teen-age relationships, including the acceptable and
unacceptable expressions of attractions.
Express his/her ways of showing attraction, love, and commitment
CSE:
Define sexuality in relation to its biological, social, psychological, spiritual, ethical
and cultural components. K4A1
Define key elements of sexual pleasure and responsibility. K4A2
Explore:
Direction: Write the word True if the statement is correct and write the word False
if the statement is not correct. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_______1. Attraction is a force that unite people.
_______2.Affection is one of human beings' greatest emotions.
_______3.Infatuation is love without engagement or intimacy.
_______4. People differ in what they consider attractive.
_______5. Relationship is a one-way traffic.
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Learn:
Affection is one of human beings' greatest emotions. There is a lot of passion, but more
are conveyed in an intimate partnership with a compatible partner. Romantic
attachments are one of the most important aspects of life for these people, and a source
of tremendous fulfilment. However, the will to create a human link seems innate, which
develops our ability to build a healthy and loving relationship. Some suggest that early
childhood begins to develop the capacity to create a healthy relationship with a nanny
who regularly satisfies the child's food, treatment, comfort, protection, stimulation, and
social interaction needs. Such partnerships are not destinies but are hypothesized to
establish deeply embedded relationship patterns with others. The end of a relationship is
however also a source of significant mental trauma.
Everybody knows when they go into a room packed with friendly faces, and while they
seem open and able to speak, there is only one face standing out from the crowd. There
may be a lot of people in the room who are physically attractive, but you do not seem to
keep your eyes away from one person.
Most people would claim that they are attracted to someone after a few seconds of their
first encounter. April Masini, who also gives ABC Entertainment News relation advice,
wrote books like Date Out of Your League, suggests that females are naturally attracted to
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men who exude affection and passion and seem to live a fascinating life. Heterosexuals
tend to be attracted to men with traditionally masculine features including muscle body,
square jaw, straight nose, and narrow eyes, physically or emotionally. These physical
properties often include higher testosterone levels, common among "alpha males." Alpha
males display a particular personality trait, including directness, determination, and
power.
Attraction
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known as the matching hypothesis that asserts that people tend to choose someone they
see as their equal in physical attractiveness and social desirability (Taylor et. al. 2011).
People weigh the attractiveness of a potential partner against the probability of
succeeding with that individual. If you believe you are particularly unattractive (even if
you are not), you would probably be looking for partners that are fairly unattractive (i.e.
unattractive in physical appearance or behavior).
Typically, we love the people we make relationships with, but the sort of love we have for
our families, friends, and lovers is special. Robert Sternberg (1986) suggested that love
has three components: affection, passion, and dedication. These three components form
a triangle that distinguishes many forms of love: this is known as the triangular love
theory by Sternberg.
Love is sometimes characterized by intimacy which is the sharing of details and emotions
and intimate thoughts.
Sternberg (1986) states that a healthy relationship will have all three components of love
– intimacy, passion, and commitment – which are described as consummate love.At
different stages of life, however, different aspects of love may prevail more. Other types of
love involve affection, described as intimacy, but not passion or commitment. Infatuation
is love without engagement or intimacy. Empty love means engagement without passion
or intimacy. Companionate love, characteristic of close friendships and family
relationships, is affection and loyalty but there is no passion. Passion and affection
describe romantic love, but no engagement. Lastly, fatuous love is characterized by
passion and devotion but no intimacy, such as a long-term sexual love affair.
You have understood well the essential traits of a good relationship. This time, allow
yourself to open your mind to see the difference between acceptable and unacceptable
means of expressing attractions towards the opposite sex. In this way, you will also have
a chance to unlearn the bad practices that you have in showing how attracted you are to
someone.
Filipino society has set standards for terribly unacceptable way to demonstrate
someone's attractions against those who are practically acceptable. Perhaps you are
asking why it is important to understand and realize these things.
Filipino culture is bound to believe that a decent display of someone's feeling is also a
must to be accepted by society. It is a major disappointment that anyone who fails to
follow this standard will be classified as poorly educated by society or the community, or
how one’s parents failed at parenting.
Because of the Filipinos’ culture of decency, the Republic of the Philippines seriously
believed that the issues of people's means of expressing attractions to the opposite sex or
gender can be legally addressed. The Republic Act (RA) 11313, otherwise known as the
Safe Space Act, intentionally prohibits indecent and unlawful acts of expression. This RA
broadens the scope of the RA 7877 or the Anti-Harassment Act of 1995. This law
recognizes that sexual harassment occurs in the workplace, education, and training
environments, and penalizes persons who have authority, influence, and moral status in
those institutions who commit prohibited acts of sexual harassment. While the Safe
Space Act addresses these gaps in our legal framework by recognizing that sexual
harassment can be committed between peers. A good example of this are: a subordinate
to a superior, a student to a teacher, or a trainee to a trainer.
As you are happy to see and spend time with your partner, you know that you are in a
stable relationship. No partnership is ever perfect, and when basic conflicts arise,
causing tension with others, you will certainly feel that the relationship is unstable for a
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moment. There are many factors that lead to the growth and maintenance of healthy and
acceptable relationships, including:
1. Mutual respect. Will he or she get to know how smart and why you are? Will your
partner listen to you when you say you are not happy doing something and then
instantly back off? Respect in a partnership means that each partner trusts and respects
the weaknesses of each other and will never question them.
2. Trust. You talk to a classmate, and your partner wanders about. Is he going to lose
his cool, or is he going to keep walking, because he knows you are never going to cheat
on him? Often it's normal to get a little jealous; jealousy is a common feeling. But how a
person reacts when he feels jealous is what matters. Though you trust each other, there
is no guarantee that you will have a healthy relationship.
3. Honesty. This one goes hand-in - hand with confidence, because when one of you is
not honest, it is difficult to trust another. Have you ever caught your partner in a total
lie? Like when she told you that she / he was occupied with homework, but it turned out
that she / he was talking to friends? You're going to have a lot of difficulty believing the
next time she / he says she / he has to work and the trust will be on dangerous
foundations.
4. Support. It is not only in difficult times that you should be supported by your partner.
Usually, when the whole world is falling apart, we thought that this is the only time we
need support from others. Even in your best, you still need support and when time gets
tough, your significant other should still be there. For instance, your partner should be
there when you find out that your parents are breaking apart and he/she should also
rejoice with you when you get a great score.
5. Fairness/Equality. You need to have a give and a take in your relationship. Do you
take turns deciding what kind of food to eat? Are you going out with your friends as a
partner as much as you stay out with your friends? If it is not a fair balance, you will
know. When a relationship transforms into a power struggle, with one party trying to get
his or her way all the time, changes get really fast.
7. Good Communication. Are you going to speak to each other and share the feelings
that matter to you? Don't keep your emotions locked up because you are afraid your
partner does not even need to hear about it. And if you need some time to think about
something before you are ready to talk about it, you will be provided some space by the
right person to do that.
Every relationship has its ups and downs, and we all have to compromise a little to make
them work. But if your partner consistently does the following, it might be time to think
twice.
1. Cheating
If you are in a committed, monogamous relationship, cheating should be out of the
question. Many people will say infidelity is a deal-breaker. However, others will decide to
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stay with their partners after an affair, and, under the right circumstances, it is possible
to heal the relationship. If you do decide to maintain the relationship, your partner says
they will never cheat again, and they do, it’s likely that they will continue to break your
trust.
No one has the right to make you feel bad about yourself. Whether blatant or subtle, if
your partner criticizes your looks, your hair, your laugh, your intelligence, or anything,
they’re not worth your time.
In a relationship, you should be each other’s cheerleaders. When you feel discouraged,
they should tell you all the things you’re doing right. If you feel like running out of options,
they should ask what he can do to help you reach your goals.
Controlling
You should have a life outside of your relationship, away from your partner. It is not
their place to tell you who you can see, when you can see them, what to eat, or how to
dress. This controlling behavior can be a warning sign of physical abuse and should be
taken seriously.
5. Lack of communication
You will never be able to grow together if you don’t discuss your wants and needs. You
both need to feel comfortable openly expressing your feelings, good and bad, otherwise
you might begin to resent each other.
6. Unnecessary sacrifices
Compromise is a must in a relationship, but if you feel like you’re giving up everything,
while your significant other is sacrificing nothing, something’s not right. Have you heard
someone say they got rid of their pet because their fiancé didn’t like cats? Or quit their
job, left their family, and moved to other places for someone who wouldn’t do the same
for them? These should serve as your red flags or warning signs that there is something
wrong in how your significant other treats you.
7. Unreliability
When your cellphone is not working, you need advice, or you’ve just had a bad day and
need a hug, do they come to your aid? If they’re not there for you when you need them the
most, think twice: why are you with them?
There’s a stereotype that men always forget anniversaries and birthdays. Whether that’s
true or not, it’s not okay. It’s normal for something to slip our minds, but your man (or
woman) should remember those little things that are important to you.
9. Self-destruction
Sometimes we fall for people who are in rough situations. Though it can be difficult, it’s
important to be there for your loved ones during these times and encourage them to seek
help if necessary. However, if they are engaging in destructive behavior that is negatively
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affecting you, and they refuse to seek help, you might want to consider leaving. There is
only so much you can do, and it is not your fault that they are not willing to help
themselves.
Personal Development
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Personal Relationship – Attraction, Love, and
Commitment
Being deeply loved by someone gives you strength, while loving someone deeply gives you
courage. —Lao Tzu
Having and building relationship with others is natural, yet sometimes, it could be
challenging and confusing. In this module, you will learn that there are elements hidden
behind the idea of being in a relationship with others, how it starts, and how it grows. By
discussing and defining some important concepts, you will be able to gain ideas on
important these factors are to personal relationship.
Attraction
The Merriam-Webster dictionary, collegiately defined attraction as: the action or power of
evoking interest, pleasure, or liking for someone or something; and
a quality or feature that evokes interest, liking, or desire.
Having this definition, it could be said that attraction is a positive connection between
two or more people that share something in common, like interests, likes/dislikes, or
desires. Some qualities may catch your attention, and which could spark a certain kind
of relationship.
When you have a positive attitude or evaluation regarding a particular person in relation
to different components, that is interpersonal attraction. For many, interpersonal
attraction relates only between two people having an intimate and romantic relationship.
However, it is not only limited to such since it may also transpire between friends,
colleagues, family members, and others.
There are a lot of key components of attraction that may be the reason for someone liking
others. Some of those are:
Physical Attractiveness
Attractive people draw out a more positive first impression. Initially, people tend to be
influenced by what they see. Even the younger ones prefer to look at faces those adults
consider attractive rather than at opposite ones (Langlois, et.al. 1991). Our perception of
beauty, though, differs from one another since it can be influenced by culture,
educational background, social status, etc. Everyone has his/her idea of what or who is
attractive based on physical appearance.
Facial features like the shape and color of the eyes, the nose, the lips, and even the
cheekbones and jaw have an impact when talking with another person or people; the
built of the body, the color of the hair, the complexion, the smoothness of the skin, and
the smile also may be considered with impact as these are the first things available
elements presented even without interaction. It could also be added that certain
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similarities in facial and bodily symmetry or resemblance with anyone they knew, with
someone they like, or with a person they used to talk with, could also be determinants of
liking another person or people.
Similarity
When you are asked by your teacher to select a partner for an activity, who do you
usually choose? Why? The common answer might be a friend who used to be with you,
perhaps, because there is a connection between the two of you that you do not have with
others. We can say that you are “on the same wavelength” that is why you find it easy to
get along with him/her because you share the same interests and opinions.
Many researches support that similarity causes attraction. Oftentimes, people classify
other people based on information they already knew about them. That is social
categorization, wherein, people mentally group others on where they belong and that
with the same characteristics with them, like group age, religion, personality, attitude,
social status, or education. Thus, this social categorization has a negative effect. When
people rely too much on that mentality, it results to stereotyping, where someone is being
judged by others only because they were part of a specific group they knew and not
based on who he/she is.
Proximity
One of the important aspects of any relationship is distance. Proximity pertains to
physical distance with other people and it is related to functional distance (how often
people interact or communicate with each other). The more you encounter or interact
with the person, the more you allow yourself to get to know him/her better which leads
to a better relationship like friendship or intimate relationship. Most likely, the people
always near you just like your classmate or neighbor has a big tendency to become your
friend.
Reciprocity
We tend to get along with people or with someone whom we have the same feelings
toward. It is called reciprocity. It is when feelings with someone are being reciprocated or
returned in the same way as you do. According to Brannan and Mohr, authors of one of
the modules of in the book of Together: The Science of Social Psychology, “Another way
to think of it is that relationships are built on a give and take; if one side is not
reciprocating, then the relationship is doomed”. These may happen in any relationship,
with friends, classmates, family members, or romantic partners.
The attraction is something that may happen in different ways, with different people, and
in different circumstances, and may lead to a much deeper connection or relation with
others.
Love
It appears that the word Love has many meanings. Some definitions in the Meriam-
Webster dictionary are:
1. (a) strong affection for another arising out of kinship or personal ties;
(b) attraction based on sexual desire: affection and tenderness felt by lovers;
(c) affection based on admiration, benevolence, or common interests
2. An assurance of affection
Any discussion about love piques the curiosity and interest of young adults your age. It
may differ depending on one’s experience and knowledge of love, though. Sometimes, it
may affect the emotional and psychological being of a person, thus influencing his/her
emotion toward another. This emotional bond depends on the presence or absence of
support from others. According to Sue Carter and Stephen Porges, “love is one of the
important components of a complex neurochemical system that allows the body to adapt
to highly emotional situations”. Some elements are responsible for the deep and strong
bonds of a person with others that resulted to love.
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One of the accountable chemicals for the connection of two individuals like between
mother and child inside her womb and even after giving birth is Oxytocin (Keverne,
2006). It is a peptide also known as the love hormone, a female reproduction hormone,
which helps to deepen the connection between mother and child through breastfeeding.
It is transmitted to the brain tissue of the child that allows and creates a strong bond
between them. This is the reason why it is considered as the first form of love. Together
with Oxytocin, Endorphin, Serotonin, and Dopamine are so-called “feel good” chemicals
that promote strong connections/bonds between people since it releases during happy
moments.
Another element that promotes love is Vasopressin. It is also a peptide that conveys the
behavior of an individual’s social engagement (Kenkel et al, 2012). One of its roles is to
produce a behavior of developing stable, loving, and long-term relationship with others.
The studies of Cohen 2007; Fisher et. al, 2009 explained that the serotonin production of
newly-in-love individuals increases up to 40% just like with the brain of a drug addict.
And, when a person experiences heartbreak, the brain processes just like an addict
quitting a heroin habit.
In the book of Principles of Social Psychology – 1st International Edition by Dr. Charles
Strangor, he explained Robert Sternberg’s proposed Triangular Model of Love. It says
that there are seven (7) different types of Love, and each type consists of the
combinations of variables (Cognitive, Physiological and Affective variables) that are
specified in Three (3) different components/factors: Intimacy, Passion, and Commitment.
(see figure 1)
Intimacy is consisting of affective variables such as closeness, caring, and emotional
support; Passion consists of physiological and affective variables like physical attraction,
emotional responses that promote physiological changes, and sexual arousal; and
Commitment is a cognitive process and decision to dedicate love to another individual with
the willingness to keep the relationship lasts (Brannan, D. & Mohr, C. D., 2020)
Since love has its different types, we could say that it may happen any time, to any
individual, at a different level with people around us like friends, classmates, neighbors,
family members, etc. The quality of a relationship is how both partners relate to each
other. There are different ways in showing love with our loved ones or partners and are
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emphasized in Three (3) attachment styles we display when we interact with our parents,
our friends, and our romantic partners (Eastwick & Finkel, 2008).
Secure Attachment Style – a healthy style wherein the children used to receive care and
easily communicate with the parents since they feel that they are always available to
listen and keep them safe. Anxious/ambivalent Attachment Style - when children are
lacking or seeking more affection from parents because they are too dependent on them.
Avoidant Attachment Style – it is when children are distant to the parent/s, sometimes
due to unpleasant experiences. These attachment styles have a big effect or impact on
how an individual perceived and expresses behavior with or towards others.
Commitment
You already have an idea of what attraction is, how it happens, and how it grows, also
the types of love and how each type related and comprised with. Now, let us have the
commitment and how this thing may happen and how it will last.
It is a long-term relationship between individuals. A more complex relationship that
resulted to increasingly turn to each other not only for social support but also for help in
coordinating activities, remembering dates and appointments, and accomplishing tasks
(Wegner, Erber, & Raymond, 1991). Many people say that for you to be able to have a
successful relationship, you should know your similarities and differences; understand
your partner’s needs and desires; and invest time and effort to work things out and last
for a lifetime.
Dr. Rajiv Jhangiani and Dr. Hammond Tarry reiterated the Slotter et al., 2011 that
“commitment refers to the feelings and action that keep partners working together to
maintain the relationship”. Any relationship will last through the cooperation of both
parties, without this, the relationship will not last and ends with breaking up.
Commitment is a choice, a long and not an easy process that needs to be participated by
you and your partner.
Various people have a certain impact in different aspects of your life. It may be different
in level and differ from who or how that person relates to our life.
Expressing our attraction, love, and commitment to a specific person is different on how
we express it with a different set of people. A good example of this is how you might be
open in expressing your admiration with your romantic partner yet be discreet or
reserved in saying or expressing your feeling with your family members. This difference
may be interpreted differently by others, as well. For whatever reasons, even non-
verbally, expressing our love to our support system (people dear to us) is important and
we should continuously communicate with them and never fail to express that we are
grateful with them being in our side.
Below are some collected ideas on how to exercise expressing affections and developed
into a commitment for any kinds of relationship. These may serve as tips on how to keep
healthy relationships with others.
Stay happy. Happiness gives you the feeling of satisfaction for both abstract and
concrete things.
Be empathic. Empathizing with another is acting with greater cooperation and overall
selflessness—the desire to help, even at a potential cost to the self.
Always trust. Working with others toward a common goal requires a level of faith that
others will repay our hard work and generosity. Supporting their interests is also
showing your trust.
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Show respect. People are likely to give respect to others by being polite, honest, and by
showing kindness all the time.
Be a helping hand. In times of trouble (e.g., mentally/ emotionally), make him/her feel
that he/she always has you on his/her side.
Engage:
Process Questions:
1. How did you categorize the acceptable and unacceptable teen-age relationships?
2. If you are in that situation how would you react?
3. Why do we need to understand the acceptable and unacceptable teen-age
relationships?
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Apply:
Output No. 1
As Appreciation
Giving something to a person dear to you is a sign of appreciation. This is also counted
as expressing affections towards others. The value of an object or thing is measured by
its appreciation than its monetary amount. Now, let us show appreciation to others by
giving them something that is precious to you.
Think at least two (2) objects or things that are very much important to you. Write
the name of each object in a short bond paper together with its recipient’s picture & write
your reasons.
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
4. Which component of love consists affective variables like emotional support and
caring?
a. romantic love b. commitment
c. intimacy d. passion
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7. Romantic Relationship is characterized by ______________.
a. happy experiences shared by individuals
b. mutual love and respect shared by the couples
c. sympathy rendered by individuals towards one another
d. sense of belongingness felt by individuals with each other
9. What do you call the feelings and action that keep partners working together to
maintain a relationship?
a. Affection c. Commitment
b. Attraction d. Love
Resources:
Attraction. Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster. Accessed June 8, 2020.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/attraction.
Jhangiani , Dr. Rajiv, and Dr. Hammond Tarry. Principles of Social Psychology – 1ST INTERNATIONAL EDITION : Charles Stangor, Rajiv
Jhangiani,
Hammond Tarry : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming.” Internet Archive, Accessed June 8, 2020,
https://archive.org/details/PrinciplesOfSocialPsychology.
Brannan, D, and C. D. Mohr. Love, Friendship, and Social Support. Noba. IL: DEF publishers. Accessed June 8, 2020.
https://nobaproject.com/modules/lovefriendship-and-social-support.
Carter, S., and S. Porges. Biochemistry of Love. Noba. IL: DEF publishers, 2020. Accessed June 9, 2020,
https://nobaproject.com/modules/biochemistry-oflove.
Prepared by:
EMILY B. TUBES
Teacher
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