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SS1 WEEK 3 History of Computing

The four main number systems used in computing are: 1. Decimal (base 10) which uses the digits 0-9. 2. Binary (base 2) which uses only the digits 0 and 1 to represent all data in computers. 3. Octal (base 8) which uses the digits 0-7. 4. Hexadecimal (base 16) which uses the digits 0-9 and the letters A-F.

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83 views2 pages

SS1 WEEK 3 History of Computing

The four main number systems used in computing are: 1. Decimal (base 10) which uses the digits 0-9. 2. Binary (base 2) which uses only the digits 0 and 1 to represent all data in computers. 3. Octal (base 8) which uses the digits 0-7. 4. Hexadecimal (base 16) which uses the digits 0-9 and the letters A-F.

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Onose
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© © All Rights Reserved
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History of computing

Computing is the study of how computers and computer system works and how they
are constructed and programmed. Its primary aspects of theory, systems and its
application are drawn from the disciplines of Technology, Design, Engineering,
Mathematics, Physical sciences and social sciences.

Computing is a process of utilizing computer technology to solve a problem or complete


a task. Computing may involve computer hardware or software, but must involve some
forms of computing every day whether they realize it or not. Sending an email, using a
cell phone can be considered as forms of computing. While computing is intimately tied
to the representation of numbers.

• CONCEPT OF NUMBER SYSTEM IN COMPUTER

Most computers operate using Binary Logic meaning computer represents data and
information as Binary Numbers i.e. 0s and 1s. the binary number works like the decimal
number system excepts that the binary number systems uses base 2, which consist of
only the digits 0 and 1. The common number system used in computing are:

1. Decimal Number system (Base 10)


2. Binary number system (Base 2)
3. Octal number system (Base 8)
4. Hexadecimal Number system (Base 16)

All types of information in computers can be represented using the binary code. Some
examples are:

1. Number
2. Letters of the alphabet and punctuation marks
3. Microprocessor instruction
4. Graphics / videos
5. Sound files

Common terms of number systems

a. Base: the base of a number indicates how many absolute many values are used in
the system. E.g. in decimal number systems there are only 10 absolute values
represented by the digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. In binary number system there are two
absolute values and they are (0, 1) and octal has eight absolute values (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7)
and so on.

b. Absolute value: this denotes the whole number represented by a symbol


e.g.6,7,8,4,5 etc.
c. Position: in the decimal number system the zero position has the positional value 100
or 1.
Assignment
In summary form, explain the concept of the number system the four (4) basic number
system used in computer.

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