EC-Electronics and Communication Engineering

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and
eigen vectors.

Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of

definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple
integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and
Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems.

Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order
linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of
parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems,
Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method.

Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral

formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorem, solution integrals.

Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean,

median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous
distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression
analysis.

Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-

step methods for differential equations.

Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Networks: Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence,

fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and
mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton’s maximum
power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using
phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of
simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations using Laplace transform:
frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point
and transfer functions. State equations for networks.

Electronic Devices: Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier
transport in silicon: diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity.
Generation and recombination of carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel
diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo
diode, Basics of LASERs. Device technology: integrated circuits fabrication
process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and
twintub CMOS process.
Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and
analog CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias
stability of transistor and FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and multi-stage,
differential and operational, feedback, and power. Frequency response of
amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters. Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for
oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations. Function generators and
waveshaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power supplies.

Digital circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates;

digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic
circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential
circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold
circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor memories. Microprocessor(8085):
architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing.

Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-

time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier
Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant
(LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response,
convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response,
group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems.

Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic

description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback)
systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in
determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of
LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control
system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control
system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of
Proportional-Integral- Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and
solution of state equation of LTI control systems.

Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables,

probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog
communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation
systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers;
elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-
noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency
modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and
channel capacity theorem. Digital communication systems: pulse code modulation
(PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes:
amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched
filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for
these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM.

Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss’ and

Stokes’ theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms. Wave
equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various media;
reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines:
characteristic impedance; impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance
matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides: modes in rectangular
waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics
of propagation in dielectric waveguide and optical fibers. Basics of Antennas:
Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain.

IN-Instrumentation Engineering

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and
eigen vectors.
Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of
definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple
integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and
Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems.
Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order
linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of
parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems,
Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method.
Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral
formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorem, solution integrals.
Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean,
median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous
distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression
analysis.
Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-
step methods for differential equations.
Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.
INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems: Kirchoff’s laws, mesh and nodal
Analysis. Circuit theorems. One-port and two-port Network Functions. Static and
dynamic characteristics of Measurement Systems. Error and uncertainty analysis.
Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting.
Transducers, Mechanical Measurement and Industrial Instrumentation: Resistive,
Capacitive, Inductive and piezoelectric transducers and their signal conditioning.
Measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration (translational and
rotational), force, torque, vibration and shock. Measurement of pressure, flow,
temperature and liquid level. Measurement of pH, conductivity, viscosity and
humidity.
Analog Electronics: Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Diode
circuits. Transistors at low and high frequencies, Amplifiers, single and multi-stage.
Feedback amplifiers. Operational amplifiers, characteristics and circuit
configurations. Instrumentation amplifier. Precision rectifier. V-to-I and I-to-V
converter. Op-Amp based active filters. Oscillators and signal generators.
Digital Electronics: Combinational logic circuits, minimization of Boolean functions.
IC families, TTL, MOS and CMOS. Arithmetic circuits. Comparators, Schmitt
trigger, timers and mono-stable multi-vibrator. Sequential circuits, flip-flops,
counters, shift registers. Multiplexer, S/H circuit. Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-
Analog converters. Basics of number system. Microprocessor applications,
memory and input-output interfacing. Microcontrollers.
Signals, Systems and Communications: Periodic and aperiodic signals. Impulse
response, transfer function and frequency response of first- and second order
systems. Convolution, correlation and characteristics of linear time invariant
systems. Discrete time system, impulse and frequency response. Pulse transfer
function. IIR and FIR filters. Amplitude and frequency modulation and
demodulation. Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation. Frequency and time
division multiplexing. Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying and pulse shift
keying for digital modulation.
Electrical and Electronic Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers,
measurement of R,L and C. Measurements of voltage, current, power, power factor
and energy. A.C & D.C current probes. Extension of instrument ranges. Q-meter
and waveform analyzer. Digital voltmeter and multi-meter. Time, phase and
frequency measurements. Cathode ray oscilloscope. Serial and parallel
communication. Shielding and grounding.
Control Systems and Process Control: Feedback principles. Signal flow graphs.
Transient Response, steady-state-errors. Routh and Nyquist criteria. Bode plot,
root loci. Time delay systems. Phase and gain margin. State space representation
of systems. Mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic system components. Synchro
pair, servo and step motors. On-off, cascade, P, PI, P-I-D, feed forward and
derivative controller, Fuzzy controllers.
Analytical, Optical and Biomedical Instrumentation: Mass spectrometry. UV, visible
and IR spectrometry. X-ray and nuclear radiation measurements. Optical sources
and detectors, LED, laser, Photo-diode, photo-resistor and their characteristics.
Interferometers, applications in metrology. Basics of fiber optics. Biomedical
instruments, EEG, ECG and EMG. Clinical measurements. Ultrasonic transducers
and Ultrasonography. Principles of Computer Assisted Tomography.

SECTION C. ELECTRICAL SCIENCES

Electric Circuits: Ideal voltage and current sources; RLC circuits, steady state
and transient analysis of DC circuits, network theorems; single phase AC circuits,
resonance and three phase circuits.

Magnetic Circuits: MMF and flux, and their relationship with voltage and current;
principle of operation of transformer, equivalent circuit of a practical transformer,
efficiency and regulation of transformer.
Electric Machines: Principle of operation, characteristics and performance
equations of DC machines; principle of operation, equivalent circuit of three-
phase Induction machin

Electronic Circuits: Characteristics of p-n junction diode, Zener diode, bi-polar

junction transistor (BJT) and junction field effect transistor (JFET); structure of
MOSFET, its characteristics and operation; rectifiers, filters, and regulated power
supply, transistor biasing circuits, operational amplifiers, linear applications of
operational amplifier, oscillators (tuned and phase shift type)

Digital circuits: Number systems, Boolean algebra, logic gates, combinational

and sequential circuits, Flip-Flops (RS, JK, D and T), Counters.

Measuring Instruments: Cathode Ray oscilloscope, D/A and A/D converters

Detailed syllabus for BSN JTO Examination.

SECTION – I

1. Materials and Components

Structure and properties of Electronic Engineering materials, Conductors,

Semiconductors and Insulators, Magnetic, Ferroelectric, Piezoelectric, Ceramic,
Optical and Superconducting materials. Passive components and characteristics,
Resistors, Capacitors and Inductors; Ferrites, Quartz crystal, Ceramic
resonators, Electromagnetic and Electromechanical components.

2. Physical Electronics, Electron Devices and ICs

Electrons and holes in semiconductors, Carrier Statistics, Mechanics of current

flow in a semi-conductor, Hall effect; Junction theory; Different types of diodes
and their characteristics; Bipolar Junction transistor; Field effect transistors;
Power switching devices like SCRs, CTOs, power MOSFETs; Basics of ICs-
bipolar, MOS and CMOS types; Basics of Opto Electronics.

3. Network Theory

Network analysis techniques: Network theorem, transient and steady state

sinusoidal response, Transmission criteria: delay and rise time Elmore’s and
other definition, effect of cascading. Elements of network synthesis.

4. Electromagnetic Theory

Transmission lines: basic theory, standing waves, matching applications, micro

strip lines; Basics of waveguides and resonators; Elements of antenna theory.

5. Electronic Measurements and instrumentation

Basic concepts, standards and error analysis; Measurements of basic electrical
quantities and parameters; Electronic measuring instruments and their principles
of working: analog and digital, comparison, characteristics, applications.
Transducers; Electronic measurements of non-electrical quantities like
temperature, pressure, humidity etc. Basics of telemetry for industrial use .

6. Power Electronics

Power Semiconductor devices, Thyristor, Power transistor, MOSFETs,

Characteristics and operation. AC to DC convertors; 1-Phase and 3-phase DC to
DC Convertors.

AC regulators. Thyristor controlled reactors, switched capacitor networks .

Inverters: Single-phase and 3-phase. Pulse width modulation. Sinusoidal

modulation with uniform sampling. Switched mode power supplies .

SECTION-II

1. Analog Electronic Circuits

Transistor biasing and stabilization, Small Signal analysis. Power amplifiers.

Frequency response, Wide band techniques, Feedback amplifiers. Tuned
amplifiers. Oscillators. Rectifiers and power supplies. Operational Amplifier, other
linear integrated circuits and applications. Pulse shaping circuits and waveform
generators.

2. Digital Electronic Circuits

Transistor as a switching element; Boolean algebra, simplification of Boolean

functions, Karnaugh Map and applications; IC Logic gates and their
characteristics; IC logic families: DTL, TTL, ECL, NMOS, PMOS and CMOS
gates and their comparison; Combinational logic circuits; Half adder, full adder;
Digital Compartor; Multiplexer Demultiplexer; ROM and their applications. Flip-
flops, R-S, J-K, D and T flip-flops; Different types of counters and registers;
waveform generators. A/D and D/A convertors. Semiconductor memories .

3. Control Systems

Transient and steady state response of control systems; Effect of feedback on

stability and sensitivity, Root locus techniques; Frequency response analysis.
Concepts of gain and phase margins; Constant-M and Constant-N Nichol’s
Chart; Approximation of transient response from Constant-N Nichol’s Chart;
Approximation of transient response from closed loop frequency response;
Design of Control Systems, Compensators; Industrial controllers.

4. Communication Systems
Basic information theory: Modulation and detection in analogue and digital
systems; Sampling and data reconstruction. Quantization & Coding; Time
division and frequency division multiplexing; Equalisation; Optical
Communication: in free space & fibre optic; Propagation of signals at HF, VHF,
UHF and microwave frequency; Satellite communication.

5. Microwave Engineering

Microwave Tubes and solid state devices, Microwave generation and amplifiers,
Waveguides and other Microwave Components and Circuits, Microstrip circuits,
Microwave antennas, Microwave Measurements, MASERS LASERS; Microwave
Propagation. Microwave Communication Systems-terrestrial and satellite based .

6. Computer Engineering

Number Systems; Data representation; Programming; Elements of a high level

programming language PASCAL/C; use of basic data structures; Fundamentals
of computer architecture processor design; Control unit design; Memory
organization. I/O System Organization. Personal computers and their typical
uses.

7. Microprocessors

Microprocessor architecture – Instruction set and simple assembly language

programming. Interfacing for memory and I/O. Applications of Microprocessors in
Telecommunications and power system.

SECTION-III

General Ability Test

The candidate’s comprehension and understanding of General English shall be

tested through simple exercises. Questions on knowledge of current events and
of such matter of everyday observation and experience in their scientific aspects
as may be expected of an educated person. Questions will also be included on
events and developments in Telecommunications,History of India and
Geography. These will be of a nature, which can be answered without special
study by an educated person.

1. Materials and Components

Structure and properties of Electronic Engineering materials,
Conductors, Semiconductors and Insulators, Magnetic, Ferroelectric,
Piezoelectric, Ceramic, Optical and Superconducting materials. Passive
components and characteristics, Resistors, Capacitors and Inductors;
Ferrites, Quartz crystal, Ceramic resonators, Electromagnetic and
Electromechanical components.
2. Physical Electronics, Electron Devices and ICs
Electrons and holes in semiconductors, Carrier Statistics, Mechanics of
current flow in a semi-conductor, Hall effect; Junction theory; Different
types of diodes and their characteristics; Bipolar Junction transistor;
Field effect transistors; Power switching devices like SCRs, CTOs,
power MOSFETs; Basics of ICs-bipolar, MOS and CMOS types; Basics of
Opto Electronics.
3. Network Theory
Network analysis techniques: Network theorem, transient and steady
state sinusoidal response, Transmission criteria: delay and rise time
Elmore’s and other definition, effect of cascading. Elements of network
synthesis.
4. Electromagnetic Theory
Transmission lines: basic theory, standing waves, matching
applications, micro strip lines; Basics of waveguides and resonators;
Elements of antenna theory.
5. Electronic Measurements and instrumentation
Basic concepts, standards and error analysis; Measurements of basic
electrical quantities and parameters; Electronic measuring instruments
and their principles of working: analog and digital, comparison,
characteristics, applications. Transducers; Electronic measurements of
non-electrical quantities like temperature, pressure, humidity etc.
Basics of telemetry for industrial use.
6. Power Electronics
Power Semiconductor devices, Thyristor, Power transistor, MOSFETs,
Characteristics and operation. AC to DC convertors; 1-Phase and 3-
phase DC to DC Convertors.
AC regulators. Thyristor controlled reactors, switched capacitor
networks.
Inverters: Single-phase and 3-phase. Pulse width modulation.
Sinusoidal modulation with uniform sampling. Switched mode power
supplies.
SECTION-II
1. Analog Electronic Circuits
Transistor biasing and stabilization, Small Signal analysis. Power
amplifiers. Frequency response, Wide band techniques, Feedback
amplifiers. Tuned amplifiers. Oscillators. Rectifiers and power supplies.
Operational Amplifier, other linear integrated circuits and applications.
Pulse shaping circuits and waveform generators.
2. Digital Electronic Circuits
Transistor as a switching element; Boolean algebra, simplification of
Boolean functions, Karnaugh Map and applications; IC Logic gates and
their characteristics; IC logic families: DTL, TTL, ECL, NMOS, PMOS and
CMOS gates and their comparison; Combinational logic circuits; Half
adder, full adder; Digital Compartor; Multiplexer Demultiplexer; ROM
and their applications. Flip-flops, R-S, J-K, D and T flip-flops; Different
types of counters and registers; waveform generators. A/D and D/A
convertors. Semiconductor memories.
3. Control Systems
Transient and steady state response of control systems; Effect of
feedback on stability and sensitivity, Root locus techniques; Frequency
response analysis. Concepts of gain and phase margins; Constant-M
and Constant-N Nichol’s Chart; Approximation of transient response
from Constant-N Nichol’s Chart; Approximation of transient response
from closed loop frequency response; Design of Control Systems,
Compensators; Industrial controllers.
4. Communication Systems
Basic information theory: Modulation and detection in analogue and
digital systems; Sampling and data reconstruction. Quantization &
Coding; Time division and frequency division multiplexing;
Equalisation; Optical Communication: in free space & fibre optic;
Propagation of signals at HF, VHF, UHF and microwave frequency;
Satellite communication.
5. Microwave Engineering
Microwave Tubes and solid state devices, Microwave generation and
amplifiers, Waveguides and other Microwave Components and Circuits,
Microstrip circuits, Microwave antennas, Microwave Measurements,
MASERS LASERS; Microwave Propagation. Microwave Communication
Systems-terrestrial and satellite based.
6. Computer Engineering
Number Systems; Data representation; Programming; Elements of a
high level programming language PASCAL/C; use of basic data
structures; Fundamentals of computer architecture processor design;
Control unit design; Memory organization. I/O System Organization.
Personal computers and their typical uses.
7. Microprocessors
Microprocessor architecture – Instruction set and simple assembly
language programming. Interfacing for memory and I/O. Applications of
Microprocessors in Telecommunications and power system.
SECTION-III
General Ability Test
The candidate’s comprehension and understanding of General English
shall be tested through simple exercises. Questions on knowledge of
current events and of such matter of everyday observation and
experience in their scientific aspects as may be expected of an
educated person. Questions will also be included on events and
developments in Telecommunications,History of India and Geography.
These will be of a nature, which can be answered without special study
by an educated person.

Electrical Measurements

Standards of Measurement & Errors, Review of indicating and integrating instruments: Voltmeter,
Ammeter, Wattmeter, Multimeter and Energy meter.

Measurement of Resistance, Inductance and Capacitance

Measurement of low, medium and high resistances, insulation resistance measurement, AC

bridges for inductance and capacitance measurement.

Instrument Transformers

Current and Potential transfers, ratio and phase angle errors, design considerations and testing.

Electronic Measurements

Electronic voltmeter, multimeter, wattmeter & energy meter. Time, Frequency and phase angle
measurements using CRO; Spectrum & Wave analyzer. Digital counter, frequency meter,
voltmeter, multimeter and storage oscilloscope.

Instrumentation

Transducers, classification & selection of transducers, strain gauges, inductive & capacitive
transducers, piezoelectric and Hall-effect transducers, thermisters, thermocouples, photo-diodes
& photo-transistors, encoder type digital transducers, signal conditioning and telemetry, basic
concepts of smart sensors and application. Data Acquisition Systems.