1

MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS

for GENERAL PHYSICS 1/ Grade 12
Quarter 1/ Week 4
OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

K: describe motion using the concept of relative velocities in 1D and 2D;
S: solve for the projectile’s range, time of flight, and maximum heights given
the launch velocity; and
A: apply the concepts in projectile and circular motion to solve two-
dimensional motion problem;

LEARNING COMPETENCIES
Describe motion using the concept of relative velocities in 1D and 2D
(STEM_GP12KIN-Ic20).

Deduce the consequences of the independence of vertical and

horizontal components of projectile motion (STEM_GP12KIN-Ic22).

Calculate range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles

(STEM_GP12KIN-Ic23).

Infer quantities associated with circular motion such as tangential velocity,

centripetal acceleration, tangential acceleration, radius of curvature
(STEM_GP12KIN-Ic25).

Solve problems involving two dimensional motion in contexts such as, but
not limited to ledge jumping, movie stunts, basketball, safe locations
during firework displays, and Ferris wheels (STEM_GP12KIN-Ic26).
I. WHAT HAPPENED

PRE-ACTIVITY/PRE-TEST:
A. Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and understand the given situation and answer the
questions that follow. Write your answers in your Science
notebook/Answer Sheet.

A ball is thrown straight up from point A, reaches a maximum height at

point B, and then falls back to point C, as shown in Figure. Use this to
answer questions 1 to 3.
1. Which is true about the direction of the ball’s
velocity and acceleration between A and B?

2. Which is true about the direction of the ball’s

velocity and acceleration between B and C?

3. Which is true about the ball’s velocity and acceleration at the

highest point B?
a. Its velocity and acceleration are both zero.
b. Its velocity is up and non-zero constant and acceleration is zero.
c. Its velocity is down and non-zero constant and acceleration is
zero.
d. Its velocity is zero and acceleration is up and non-zero constant
e. Its velocity is zero and acceleration is down and non-zero
constant.
 4. A Warship simultaneously fire two missiles with the same initial speed
at two enemy ships. The missiles follow the trajectories given in the
Figure above. Which ship gets hit first?
a. Enemy 1 c. They both get hit at the same time
b. Enemy 2 d. Neither Enemy 1 nor 2 will be hit

B. Picture Analysis:
Directions: Write your observation as to what is/are common among
these three pictures. Do this in your Science notebook/Answer Sheet.
 Directions: Do the following activity. Take a video while performing.
Include your responses/answers to the questions that follow. Submit your video
and the graphing paper to your Physics teacher.

Situation: You are a Physics professor about to discuss a topic about

projectile motion. The college dean will observe your class today. For the
students to understand the lesson better, you decided to perform a
demonstration to illustrate the concepts of projectile motion. With the following
materials and procedures, show your students what happens when objects
have projectile motion.

Materials:
• Slightly bent grooved ruler fitted on a bent aluminium support or any
support available
• Meter stick, rectangular board preferably with stand
• White bond paper, carbon paper
• Marble or metal sphere (to represent the main character of the story)

Procedure:
1. Prepare the ramp as shown in the figure presented.

’
Adapted from DIWA Learning Systems, Inc.

2. Place the wooden board, with the white bond paper and the carbon
paper, at least 10 cm of horizontal distance from the edge of the bent
ruler.
3. Place the marble at the top of the groove of the bent ruler. Release the
marble and allow it to roll down the edge of the table and off of it. The
marble will then be horizontally projected off the table and will strike the
carbon paper-covered board, leaving an impression on the white paper
underneath.
 4. Move the board 5 cm farther away from the table and release the marble
as before from the same height.
5. Repeat step 3 for various horizontal distances between the ramp and the
board (5 cm from the preceding position) until the maximum distance or
range is reached. Be sure to release the marble each time from the same
height.
6. Examine the white bond paper underneath. Measure the heights of the
marks on the paper from the base of the board. These marks are the
points hit by the projected marble on the carbon paper-covered board.
7. Tabulate the vertical displacements together with the corresponding
horizontal displacements.
8. In a separate graphing paper, plot the graph of vertical displacement ( dy)
vs. horizontal displacement (dx). Encircle the points to indicate the position
of the marble at equal horizontal displacements. Note the marble’s
trajectory.

In your explanation of results, you should be able to provide answers to

the following questions:
1. How does the horizontal displacement of the marble compare to its
vertical displacement?
2. How can you tell from this activity that the horizontal motion of the marble
is indeed not accelerated?
3. Does the horizontal motion affect the vertical motion of the particle?
Explain.

Check Your Understanding

Use your understanding of projectiles to answer the following questions. Explain
your answers or show your solutions.
1. Consider these diagrams in answering the following questions.

Which diagram (if any) might represent ...

a. ... the initial horizontal velocity?
b. ... the initial vertical velocity?
c. ... the horizontal acceleration?
d. ... the vertical acceleration?
e. ... the net force?
2. Supposing a snowmobile is equipped with a flare launcher that is capable of
launching a sphere vertically (relative to the snowmobile). If the snowmobile is in
motion and launches the flare and maintains a constant horizontal velocity after
the launch, then where will the flare land (neglect air resistance)?
a. in front of the snowmobile
b. behind the snowmobile
c. in the snowmobile
3. Suppose a rescue airplane drops a relief package while it is moving with a
constant horizontal speed at an elevated height. Assuming that air resistance is
negligible, where will the relief package land relative to the plane?

a. below the plane and behind it.

b. directly below the plane
c. below the plane and ahead of it
4. Anna drops a ball from rest from the top of 78.4-meter high cliff. How much
time will it take for the ball to reach the ground and at what height will the ball be
after each second of motion?
5. A cannonball is launched horizontally from the top of an 78.4-meter high cliff.
How much time will it take for the ball to reach the ground and at what height will
the ball be after each second of travel?

6. Fill in the table below indicating the value of the horizontal and vertical
components of velocity and acceleration for a projectile.
7. The diagram below shows the trajectory for a projectile launched non-
horizontally from an elevated position on top of a cliff. The initial horizontal and
vertical components of the velocity are 8 m/s and 19.6 m/s respectively. Positions
of the object at 1-second intervals are shown. Determine the horizontal and
vertical velocities at each instant shown in the diagram.

8. Cite one real life experience that shows a projectile motion has occurred and
how it occurred. State it briefly.
II. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

EVALUATION/POST-TEST
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Show
your solutions for items involving problem solving. Do this in your Science
notebook/Answer Sheet.
1. What is the path of a projectile?
a. Wavy line
b. Parabola
c. Hyperbola
d. Projectiles don’t follow a predictable path
2. Which of the following is an example of projectile motion?
a. A person diving into a pool from a diving board.
b. A space shuttle orbiting Earth at a constant velocity.
c. A leaf falling from a tree.
d. A train moving along a flat track.
3. Which of the following does NOT exhibit parabolic motion?
a. A frog jumping from land into water.
b. A basketball thrown towards a hoop.
c. A flat piece of paper released from a window.
d. A baseball thrown to home plate.
4. A projectile is launched at a 30° angle above the horizontal. Ignore air
resistance. The projectile’s acceleration is greatest:
a. at a point between the launch point and the high point of the
trajectory.
b. at the high point of the trajectory.
c. at a point between the high point of the trajectory and where it
hits the ground.
d. misleading question—the acceleration is the same (but nonzero) at
all points along the trajectory.
5. While an object is in projectile motion (with upward being positive)
with no air resistance,
a. the horizontal component of its velocity remains constant and the
horizontal component of its acceleration is equal to -g.
b. the horizontal component of its velocity remains constant and the
vertical component of its acceleration is equal to -g.
c. the horizontal component of its velocity remains constant and the
vertical component of its acceleration is equal to zero.
d. the vertical component of both its velocity and its acceleration
remain constant.
6. For general projectile motion, when the projectile is at the highest
point of its trajectory,
a. its acceleration is zero.
b. the horizontal and vertical components of its velocity are zero.
c. its velocity and acceleration are both zero.
d. its velocity is perpendicular to the acceleration.
7. The horizontal component of a bouncing ball is
a. affected by gravity
b. unaffected by gravity
c. affected by weight
d. affected by contact force
8. When a ball having a projectile motion is rising up, it
a. decelerates
b. accelerates
c. rises up with constant acceleration
d. acceleration becomes zero
9. Two chickens, Stephon and James, jump from the top of a vertical
cliff. Stephon just drops and reaches the ground in 1.50 𝑠, while James
jumps horizontally with an initial speed of 100 𝑚/𝑠. (4.1)How far from
the base of the cliff will James hit the ground? (4.2)What is the height
of the cliff from the ground?
a. 4.1: 𝑅 𝑚
4.2: ℎ 𝑚
b. b. 4.1: 𝑅 𝑚
4.2: ℎ 𝑚
c. 4.1: 𝑅 𝑚
4.2: ℎ 𝑚
d. 4.1: 𝑅 𝑚
4.2: ℎ 𝑚
10. Passengers on a carnival ride move at a constant speed in horizontal
circle of radius 5.0 m, making a complete circle in 4.0 s. What is their
acceleration?
a. 14 m/s2 b. 12 m/s2 c. 0.14 m/s2 d. 0.12 m/s2