THE HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES in 12 minutes

The history of what is today The Philippines started with the arrival of its first humans.It is
believed they used rafts or boats around 60,000 years ago, with groups of diverse people
settling in the archipelago. Some of these groups started to develop and expand into bigger
settlements and in the next thousands of years, they evolved in what some scholars believe to
be considered early states. Austronesians and, afterward, speakers of the Malayo-Polynesian
languages, began to arrive in successive waves beginning about 4000 BC. According to the
existing evidence, a jade culture existed on these lands, starting with the Neolithic era. By 1000
BC, it is believed that the inhabitants of the archipelago had developed into four distinct kinds of
peoples: tribal groups, warrior societies, the petty plutocracy, and the harbor civilizations.
Also important to note is the fact that metallurgy reached the archipelago due to trade with
India. Around 300–700 AD, the seafaring peoples
of the islands began to trade with the Indianized kingdoms in the Malay Archipelago and the
nearby East Asian principalities, adopting influences from both Buddhism and Hinduism.
Some cultures of present-day Vietnam showed evidence of an extensive trade network. Artifacts
and goods were traded such as glass, agate, or gold. There were also other items present in the
region which were most likely imported, including ear ornaments that have been found
in archaeological sites in the Philippines, Thailand, and Taiwan.
The Indian culture influenced The South East Asian region starting with 1 st Century AD.
During the period of the south Indian Pallava dynasty and the north Indian Gupta Empire,
Indian culture spread to Southeast Asia... and it reached the Philippines, which led
to the establishment of new kingdoms largely influenced by the Indian culture and traditions.
The date inscribed in the oldest Philippine document found so far, the Laguna Copperplate
Inscription, is 900 AD. From the details of the document, written in Kawi script, the
bearer of a debt, Namwaran, along with his children, is cleared of a debt by the ruler
of Tondo. It is the earliest document that shows the
use of mathematics in pre-colonial Philippine societies. A standard system of weights and
measures is also demonstrated by the use of precise measurement for gold and other items, as
well as in astronomy. From the various Sanskrit terms and titles seen in the document, the
culture and society of Manila Bay were that of a Hindu–Old Malay amalgamation, similar to the
cultures of Java, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra at the time. In the years leading up to 1000,
there were already several maritime societies existing in the islands but there was no unifying
political state encompassing the entire Philippine archipelago. Instead, the region was divided
into numerous semi-autonomous city-states under the rule of the plutocracy while a number of
states existed alongside the highland societies. These small structures alternated between
being part of or being influenced by larger Asian empires, like Maja Pahit, the Ming Dynasty
of China, and Brunei. Around 1225, the nation of Ma-i, a Buddhist
pre-Hispanic Philippine island-state centered in Mindoro, flourished, attracting traders and
shipping from the Kingdom of Ryukyu to the Empire of Japan. Chao Jukua, a customs inspector
in Fukien province, China wrote the "Description of the Barbarous Peoples", describing trade
with this pre-colonial state. Its people were noted for their honesty in trade. Much of what is now
Indonesia was ruled by the Hindu Maja Pahit empire. During the 1300s, this empire ruled over
Luzon island and the Sulu archipelago. As more and more influence was on these islands,
skirmishes and battles also existed. Some local tribes were waging incessant guerrilla warfare
against them.Eventually, the kingdoms of Luzon regained independence from Maja Pahit after
the Battle of Manila (1365) and Sulu also reestablished independence, and in vengeance,
assaulted the Maja Pahit province of Brunei before a fleet from the capital drove them out.
The start of the Islamic era in Indonesia set the collapse of the Maja Pahits as its
04:50
provinces eventually seceded and became independent sultanates. In 1380, Makhdum Karim,
an Arab trader born in Johore, arrived in Sulu from Malacca and brought Islam to the
Philippines. Additionally, Sharif ul-Hashim, an Arab Muslim explorer, established the Sultanate
of Sulu by converting its previous ruler, the Hindu king, Rajah Baguinda, to Islam and then
marrying his daughter. The Sultanate of Maguindanao rose to prominence at the end of the 15th
century, meanwhile, Shariff Mohammed of Johor introduced Islam in the island of Mindanao.
The religion was introduced to the area by Muslim missionaries and traders from the Middle
East, Indian and Malay regions who propagated Islam to Sulu and Maguindanao. As before,
when Buddhist and Hindu cultures influenced the archipelago, the same case happened with
the Muslim culture. Upon the secession of Brunei from the Maja Pahit Empire, they imported the
Arab Emir from Mecca, Sharif Ali, and became an independent Sultanate. The new religion
started to growroots in the Philippines through conquest and conversion of local leaders in the
next decades. Moreover, Islam was further strengthened by the arrival to the Philippines of
traders and proselytizers from Malaysia and Indonesia. In 1521, the Spanish reached the
archipelago through the expedition around the world led
by Portuguese-born Spanish explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan landed on the island called
Homon Hon, claiming the islands he saw for The Spanish Empire. He established friendly
relations with some of the local leaders, especially with Rajah Humabon, and converted some of
them to Roman Catholicism. Because the Philippines are a large archipelago, the Spaniards
started to explore many islands. However, the explorer, Ferdinand Magellan, was killed during
the Battle of Mactan against the local ruler, Lapu-Lapu. Over the next several decades, other
Spanish expeditions were dispatched to the islands. In 1543, an expedition was led to the
islands naming them: Philippines: in honor of Philip of Austria, who became Philip II of Spain on
January 16, 1556. The name was then extended to the entire archipelago later on in the
Spanish era. European colonization began in earnest when Spanish explorer Miguel López de
Legazpi arrived from Mexico in 1565 and formed the first European settlements in Cebu.
Through diplomatic and military annexation of some
lands, incorporating local states, including the kingdom of Tondo, the Spaniards established
Manila as the capital of the Spanish East Indies. In 1578, the Castilian War erupted between the
Christian Spaniards and Muslim Bruneians over control of the Philippine archipelago. The
Christian troops were so diverse due to generally being made up of people under the Spanish
Rule including Native Americans, namely,
Aztecs, Mayans, and Incans, who were gathered and sent from Mexico and South America to
be led by Spanish officers that had worked together with native Filipinos in military campaigns
across Southeast Asia. The Muslim side was also very diverse though. They were supported by
the Ottoman Empire with their troops consisting of Malay warriors and expeditionary forces sent
by the Ottomans; which included mainly Turks, Egyptians, Swahilis, Somalis, Indians, and
others. The conflict ended with a STATUS QUO ANTE BELLUM. Just twenty years after the
conquest of Luzon, remarkable progress existed in the work of colonization of the islands and
the spread of Christianity. A cathedral was built in the city of Manila with an episcopal palace.
Other monasteries and churches were built across islands, and more and more people started
to convert to Christianity. Furthermore, Spanish and Mexican families settled in the new lands,
creating stronger communities.Much of the archipelago came under Spanish rule, creating the
first unified political structure known as the Philippines. Spanish colonial rule saw the
introduction of Christianity, the code of law, and the oldest modern university in Asia. The
Philippines was ruled by the Mexico-based Viceroyalty of New Spain, and after, the colony was
directly governed by Spain. Many of the local people revolted in the next centuries due to some
abuses made by the Spanish authorities. Their rule ended after the American– Spanish War at
the end of the 19 th century, in 1898. The Philippines became a territory of the United States.
The United States then established the Insular. Government to rule the Philippines. In 1907, the
elected Assembly was set up with popular elections. The U.S. promised independence in the
Jones Act to the country and The Philippine Commonwealth was established in 1935, as a 10-
year interim step prior to full independence. But before gaining total freedom, in 1942 during
World War II, the Philippines was occupied by the Japanese Forces. By 1945, the US liberated.
The Philippines and The Treaty of Manila in 1946 established an independent Philippine
Republic. The period of their independence was marked by internal skirmishes, a smaller period
of dictatorship, but also huge progress and development, with Manuel Roxas becoming the first
president of the independent Republic of the Philippines.The United States ceded its
sovereignty over the Philippines on July 4, 1946, as scheduled.
However, the Philippine economy remained highly dependent on United States markets. Roxas
died suddenly of a heart attack in April 1948, and the vice president, Elpidio Quirino ruled the
country until 1953. Some communist partisans existed in the islands but were defeated in the
’50s. Additionally, an important event happened in the middle of the 1960s. Ferdinand Marcos
took the power in 1965 and ruled until 1986.This era includes the final years of the Third
Republic (1965–1972) and the Philippines under martial law (1972–1981). His reign was
marked by dictatorship and instability.
In 1986, Ferdinand Marcos was removed from power and replaced by Maria Corazon Aquino.
Up to the current day, 5 other presidents ruled The Philippines.

History of the Philippines explained in 8 minutes

the Philippines consists of over 7,000 islands inhabited by over 100 million people the
archipelago has for thousands of years but the natural melting pot of Asia through the ages
immigrants and adventures from all over East Asia and as far afield as India and the Middle
East have all found their way to the Philippines shaped by the geography the earliest cultures to
form in the Philippine archipelago were small bands of independent and skilled seafarers
between approximately two thousand and fifteen hundred years ago many mountains and Hills
were transformed in a terraced farmland many still in use today are fed by ancient sophisticated
irrigation systems channeling water down from the rain forests above the terraces and it is said
that the steps put end to end would encircle half the globe the sanguine culture is one of the
best early examples of extensive tradecultural ties and possibly immigration into the Philippine
archipelago objects made from gold and glass bronze weapons tools and mirrors were imported
from the mainland throughout this cultural region similar art and jewelry was crafted and the
cremation of the dead was ubiquitous the Sahin culture is thought to be the predecessors of the
Cham people of Vietnam who formed a venerable Kingdom from the period approximately from
300 AD to 1,000 large numbers of melees migrating from or possibly fleeing the rapidly
expanding free vijaya empire began to populate the Philippines during this period the Aboriginal
Melanesian populations of the archipelago move further inland to the highlands and jungles
where they still exist today or intermingled with the successive waves of mail a newcomers who
brought to Indian religions Buddhism and Hinduism to the arch FL ago society became stratified
into groups of 100 families are more called barangays each led by a head man or da to several
doctors were led by a Rajah who led several barangays called a Bayon these kingdoms became
extremely wealthy and had trade relations with the entire eastern world paramount among these
seems to have been the cosmopolitan city state and trading
hub of doh located on the island of luzon the earliest written record discovered inthe Philippines
the Laguna copperplate inscription mentions the state of Tondo and is written in a script
combining elements of Sanskrit whole Javanese Mele and Tagalog the bar and gaze of Tondo
were led by alekan instead of a Rajah and were democratically selected from among the
doctors of each barn gay Tondo expanded to control much of the island of Luzon forming
alliances and striking trade bargains to expand their territory just as often as through warfare
formed from several ethnic groups they phu goa in the highlands of Luzon formed the ongest-
lasting state in the Philippines this self-sufficient landlocked state lasted for over a thousand
years and was ruled over by a council of elders several other long-lasting states formed
throughout the Middle Ages including my who held diplomatic relations with Song Dynasty
China until Tom dou secured a monopoly on trade with China in the archipelago the mad Haas
Confederacy was originally a vassal state of the Sri Vijayan Empire they would wage war on the
Chinese Imperial Navy and raided the southern Chinese coast they also were Tom dough's
most significant rival in the region and thought several wars against them here the longest and
oldest surviving epic poem from the region was composed recounting the deeds of an ancient
hero the Raja of Cebu was founded by a minor prince of the southern Indian chola dynasty and
occupied the island of Sumatra far to the south he was sent to establish an expeditionary base
instead he rebelled and carved out an independent Rajan ate for himself the Raja native Bhutan
was known first mining of gold his gold products and extensive trade networks reaching the
civilizations of modern-day China Japan India Indonesia Persia Cambodia and Thailand during
this period large gold deposits were discovered throughout the Philippines and gold ingots and
bracelets of different sizes were commonly used as currency throughout the region the kingdom
of Kavala Wan was a Ming Dynasty tributary and as time went on they had an increasingly
hostile relationship with tondo in the early 1400s the Sunni Islamic brunei and Empire began to
expand into the philippine archipelago and around the Year 1500 established the semi-
independent rajan eight and manila has a competitor to tom knows maritime dominance in the
region built directly across Hondo on the opposite banks of the Pasig River Delta Manila would
gradually supplant Tondo which fell under increasing Brunei and influence the sultanate of
Maguindanao ormd in the south rolled over by hereditary line of Sultan's and maintained very
favorable relations with the Dutch in English for over three centuries until finally falling to the
Spaniards in the 19th century in 1521 a Spanish expedition that would go on to be the first to
circumnavigate the planet reach the Philippines it was led by the Portuguese for now Lima Hollis
the Raja of Cebu declared allegiance to the Spanish crown and converted to Catholicism the
nearby small island of Mactan was not as amicable and killed for now as they disembarked with
a small attack force on the island the Spaniards left but would return quickly sending five
subsequent expeditions and in 1543 roy Lopez de Villalobos renamed the islands las filipinas
after philip ii of spain during the conquest of manila much of the city was burnt to the ground and
the spanish settlement of manila was founded there as the capital of the Spanish East Indies in
1578 the Sulu Sultanate a longtime vassal of the declining Empire of Brunei became fully
independent and would become a longtime foe of the Spanish the sultanate of sulu became
notorious for the so called bora raids pillaging and taking of slaves the Spanish would burn
down their cities several times only to have new bases of operations sprout up on different
islands by the mid 1600s Manila was a bustling port city as galleons crisscross the Pacific
Ocean leaving from Al Caputo in modern-day Mexico filled with silver mined air and in potosi
and returning from Manila filled with luxury goods such as porcelain silk and spices Spanish
territory would slowly expand defeating a series of Dutch attempts to seize Manila the British did
seize it for a short while during the Seven Years War only to return it after the war had ended
and the treaty stipulated that they do so over the centuries of Spanish rule Spanish became the
primary language used in the Philippines many of the regional dialects and scripts completely
disappeared over time following the spanish-american war and period of US military rule the
Philippines became an American territory and in 1935 became an American Commonwealth
during the brutal Japanese occupation of the Philippines in the Second World War 500,000 to a
million Filipino civilians were killed in 1943 the Japanese set up a short-lived puppet state after
the war the Philippines returned to being an American Commonwealth and in 1946 a Philippine
Republic was established which was replaced by the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos who
ruled as a dictator under martial law from 1972 until 1981 and held the position of president for
over 20 years his regime was infamous for its corruption extravagance and brutality eventually
public outrage boiled over and in a snap election he was removed from power and fled dawai he
was replaced by Maria Corazon Aquino the wife of a murdered opposition leader who returned
to face Marcos she has been followed by five more Philippine presidents and that was a
lightning-fast overview of Philippine history and this has been Epimetheus .

Timeline of Philippine history

This is a timeline of Philippine history, comprising important legal and territorial

changes and political events in the Philippines and their predecessor states.
To read about the background to these events, see History of the Philippines.
See also the list of Presidents of the Philippines.
10th century Kingdom of Tondo - Tondo, was a fortified
kingdom which was located in the Manila Bay area, specifically north of the Pasig River,
on Luzon island.
It is one of the settlements mentioned by the Philippines' earliest historical record,
the Laguna Copperplate Inscription.
Originally an Indianized kingdom in the 10th century, Tondo built upon and capitalized
on being central to the long-existing ancient regional trading routes throughout the archipelago
to include among others, initiating diplomatic and commercial ties with China during the
Ming Dynasty.
Thus it became an established force in trade throughout Southeast Asia and East Asia..
Tondo's regional prominence further culminated during the period of its associated trade
and alliance with Brunei's Sultan Bolkiah, when around 1500 its peak age as a thalassocratic
force in the northern archipelago was realized.
When the Spanish first arrived in Tondo in 1570 and defeated the local rulers in the
Manila Bay area in 1591, Tondo came under the administration of Manila, ending its existence
as an independent state.
This subjugated Tondo continues to exist today as a district of the city of Manila.
11th century Kingdom of Butuan - The Kingdom of Butuan(Tagalog:
Kahariang Butuan) was an ancient Indianized kingdom in pre-colonial southern Philippines
centered on the present Mindanao island city of Butuan.
It was known for its mining of gold, its gold products and its extensive trade network across
the Nusantara area.
The kingdom had trading relationships with the ancient civilizations of Japan, China,
India, Indonesia, Persia, Cambodia and areas now comprised in Thailand The balangay that
have been found along the east and west banks of the Libertad river(old Agusan River) have
revealed much about Butuan's history.
As a result Butuan is considered to have been a major trading port in the Caraga region
during the pre-colonial era.
12th century Kingdom of Namayan - The ancient Kingdom of
Namayan was one of three major kingdoms that dominated the banks of the Pasig River and
the coast of Laguna de Bay in the Philippines prior to the Spanish conquest in the 16th
century.
Namayan is said to be the oldest of the three kingdoms, predating the kingdoms of Tondo
and Maynila.
Formed by a confederation of barangays, it is said to have achieved its peak in 1175.
13th century Arab people - Arab people, also known as Arabs,
are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia
and North Africa.
They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds,
with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing an important part of
Arab identity.
The word "Arab" has had several different, but overlapping, meanings over the centuries.
In addition to including all Arabized people of the world, it has also at times been used
exclusively for bedouin.
It is sometimes used that way colloquially even today in some places.
Townspeople once were sometimes called "sons of the Arabs."
As in the case of other ethnicities or nations, people identify themselves as "Arabs" to varying
degrees.
This may not be one's primary identity, and whether it is emphasized may depend upon one's
audience.
If the diverse Arab pan-ethnicity is regarded as a single ethnic group, then it constitutes
one of the world's largest after Han Chinese.
Islam - Islam) is a monotheistic and Abrahamic religion articulated by the Qur'an, a book
considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God and by the teachings and normative
example of Muhammad, considered by them to be the last prophet of God.
An adherent of Islam is called a Muslim.
Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable and the purpose of existence is to love and
serve God.
Muslims also believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith
that was revealed at many times and places before, including through Abraham, Moses and
Jesus, whom they consider prophets.
They maintain that the previous messages and revelations have been partially misinterpreted
or altered over time, but consider the Arabic Qur'an to be both the unaltered and the final
revelation of God.
Religious concepts and practices include the five pillars of Islam, which are basic concepts
and obligatory acts of worship, and following Islamic law, which touches on virtually every
aspect of life and society, providing guidance on multifarious topics from banking and welfare,
to warfare and the environment.
Most Muslims are of two denominations, Sunni,or Shia.About 13% of Muslims live in Indonesia,
the largest Muslim-majority country, 25% in South Asia,20% in the Middle East,[10] and
15% in Sub-saharan Africa.[11] Sizable minorities are also found in Europe,China, Russia, and
the Americas.
Converts and immigrant communities are found in almost every part of the world.
With about 1.57 billion followers or 23% of earth's population,Islam is the second-largest
religion and one of the fastest-growing religions in the world.
Sulu - Sulu,, is an autonomous island province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous
Region in Muslim Mindanao.
Its capital is Jolo and occupies the middle group of islands of the Sulu Archipelago,
between Basilan and Tawi-Tawi. 14th century
Makhdum Karim - Makhdum Karim was a 14th-century Arab trader who brought Islam to the
Philippines,
in 1380.
He established a mosque in Sulu, known as Sheik Karimal Makdum Mosque which is the oldest
mosque in the country.
This biographical article about a person notable in connection with Islam is a stub.
This biographical article about a Filipino religious figure is a stub.
15th century Sultanate of Sulu - The Sultanate of Sulu
Dar al-Islam[note 1] was an Islamic Tausūg[note 2] state that ruled over many of the islands
of the Sulu Sea, in the southern Philippines and certain portions of present-day Sabah
specifically "north-west coast and extending along the whole east coast as far as the Sibuco
River in the south and comprising amongst others the States of Paitan, Sugut, Bangaya,
Labuk, Sandakan, Kina Batangan, Mumiang, and all the other territories and states to the
southward thereof bordering on Darvel Bay and as far as the Sibuco river with all the
islands within three marine leagues of the coast."[2] The sultanate was founded in 1457[note
3] by a Johore-born Arab explorer and religious scholar Sayyid Abu Bakr Abirin[note 4] after
he settled in Banua Buansa Ummah, Sulu.
After the marriage of Abu Bakr and local dayang-dayang Paramisuli, he founded the sultanate
and assumed
the title Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul-Hāshim.
The Sultanate's temporal power was relinquished in March 1915 after American commanders
negotiated
with Sultan Jamalul Kiram on behalf of then-Governor-General Francis Burton Harrison.
An agreement was subsequently signed and was called as the "Carpenter Agreement".
By this agreement, the Sultan relinquished all temporal power over territory within the
Philippines, but retained his rights of sovereignty over the territory of North Borneo and his
religious authority as titular head of the Islamic Church in Sulu.
16th century 17th century, 18th century 19th century, 20th century 21st century