ISSN (Print) : 2320 – 3765

ISSN (Online): 2278 – 8875

International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,

Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering
(A High Impact Factor, Monthly, Peer Reviewed Journal)

Website: www.ijareeie.com
Vol. 8, Issue 3, March 2019

Plant Disease Detection using CNN & Remedy

Adnan Mushtaq Ali Karol1, Drushti Gulhane2, Tejal Chandiwade3
B.E. Student, Dept. of EXTC, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India1
B.E. Student, Dept. of EXTC, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India2
B.E. Student, Dept. of EXTC, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India3

ABSTRACT:The proposed system helps in identification of plant disease and provides remedies that can be used as a
defense mechanism against the disease. The database obtained from the Internet is properly segregated and the different
plant species are identified and are renamed to form a proper database then obtain test-database which consists of
various plant diseases that are used for checking the accuracy and confidence level of the project .Then using training
data we will train our classifier and then output will be predicted with optimum accuracy . We use Convolution Neural
Network(CNN) which comprises of different layers which are used for prediction. A prototype drone model is also
designed which can be used for live coverage of large agricultural fields to which a high resolution camera is attached
and will capture images of the plants which will act as input for the software, based of which the software will tell us
whether the plant is healthy or not. With our code and training model we have achieved an accuracy level of 78% .Our
software gives us the name of the plant species with its confidence level and also the remedy that can be taken as a
cure.

KEYWORDS:Convolution neural network, Test-Database ,Accuracy, Confidence.

I.INTRODUCTION

The primary occupation in India is agriculture. India ranks second in the agricultural output worldwide. Here in India,
farmers cultivate a great diversity of crops. Various factors such as climatic conditions, soil conditions, various disease,
etc affect the production of the crops. The existing method for plants disease detection is simply naked eye observation
which requires more man labor, properly equipped laboratories, expensive devices ,etc. And improper disease detection
may led to inexperienced pesticide usage that can cause development of long term resistance of the pathogens, reducing
the ability of the crop to fight back. The plant disease detection can be done by observing the spot on the leaves of the
affected plant. The method we are adopting to detect plant diseases is image processing using Convolution neural
network(CNN). The first implementation of the plant disease detection using image processing was done by Shen
WeizhegWuyachun Chen Zhanliang and Wi Hangda in their paper[1].

.II. RELATED WORK

Machine learning is a computational way of detecting patterns in a given dataset in order to make inferences in another,
similar dataset. A classical textbook example is the machine recognition of handwriting such as postal addresses on
envelopes. In recent years, generic object recognition has made tremendous advances, and is now approaching human
accuracy. In the paper[1],author Mrunalini represents the technique to classify and identify the different diseasethrough
which plants are affected. In Indian Economy a Machine learning based recognition system will prove to be very useful
as it saves efforts, money and time too. The approach given in this for feature set extraction is the color co-occurrence
method. For automatic detection of diseases in leaves, neural networks are used. The approach proposed can
significantly support an accurate detection of leaf, and seems to be important approach, in case of steam, and root
diseases, putting fewer efforts in computation. In paper[2] they incorporated all the hybrid features of a leaf color,
texture shape (geometric feature) by the respective methodology. PlantVillage: a tool for crop health; an online
platform dedicated to crop health and crop diseases, called PlantVillage (available at www.plantvillage.org).The
content has been written by plant pathology experts, reflecting information is sourced from the scientific literature.

Copyright to IJAREEIE DOI:10.15662/IJAREEIE.2019.0803014 622

 ISSN (Print) : 2320 – 3765
ISSN (Online): 2278 – 8875

International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,

Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering
(A High Impact Factor, Monthly, Peer Reviewed Journal)

Website: www.ijareeie.com
Vol. 8, Issue 3, March 2019

However, as the site is targeted directly to food growers, rather the professional plant pathologists, great care has been
taken to write the content in a way that is easy to understand. We curate all images into the PlantVillage database using
the diagnosis from the experts. Only expertly identified leaves are present in the database. New diseases can occur in
places where they were previously unidentified and, inherently, where there is no local expertise to combat them[3-5].
In the paper,various different approaches are currently used for detecting plant diseases and most common are artificial
neural networks (ANNs) [6] and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) [7]. They are combined with different methods of
image preprocessing in favour of better feature extraction. Implementing the appropriate management strategies like
fungicide applications, disease-specific chemical applications, and vector control through pesticide applications could
lead to early information on crop health and disease detection. This could facilitate the control of diseases and improve
productivity. In the paper[8], authors present review and recognize the demand for developing a rapid, cost-effective,
and reliable health-monitoring sensor that facilitates advancements in agriculture.

III.PROPOSED SYSTEM

A.OBJECTIVES:
We can reduce the attack of pests by using proper pesticides and remedies .We can reduce the size of the images by
proper size reduction techniques and see to it that the quality is not compromised to a great extent. We can expand the
projects of the earlier mentioned authors such that the remedy to the disease is also shown by the system . The main
objective is to identify the plant diseases using image processing. It also, after identification of the disease,
suggest the name of pesticide to be used. It also identifies the insects and pests responsible for epidemic. Apart from
these parallel objectives, this drone is very time saving. The budget of the model is quite high for low scale farming
purposes but will be value for money in large scale farming. It completes each of the process sequentially and hence
achieving each of the output.
Thus the main objectives are:
1) To design such system that can detect crop disease and pest accurately.
2) Create database of insecticides for respective pest and disease.
3) To provide remedy for the disease that is detected.

B.FLOWCHART :

Copyright to IJAREEIE DOI:10.15662/IJAREEIE.2019.0803014 623

 ISSN (Print) : 2320 – 3765
ISSN (Online): 2278 – 8875

International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,

Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering
(A High Impact Factor, Monthly, Peer Reviewed Journal)

Website: www.ijareeie.com
Vol. 8, Issue 3, March 2019

General explanation :
1.The input test image is acquired and preprocessed in the next stage and then it is converted into array form for
comparison.
2.The selected database is properly segregated and preprocessed and then renamed into proper folders.
3.The model is properly trained using CNN and then classification takes place.
4.The comparison of the test image and the trained model take place followed by the display of the result.
5.If there is a defect or disease in the plant the software displays the disease along with the remedy .

C.METHODOLOGY:
Preprocessing and Training the model (CNN): The database is Preprocessed such as Image reshaping ,resizing and
conversion to an array form. Similar processing is also done on the test image. A database consisting of about 32000
different plant species is obtained , out of which any image can be used as a test image for the software. The train
database is used to trainthe model (CNN ) so that it can identify the test image and the disease it has .CNN has different
layers that are Dense, Dropout, Activation, Flatten,Convolution2D, MaxPooling2D. After the model is trained
successfully ,the software can identify the disease if the plant species iscontained in the database. After successful
training and preprocessing ,comparison of the test image and trained model takes place to predict the disease.

Database collection: Initial step for any image processing based project is acquiring proper database which is valid .
Most of the time the standard database is preferred but in certain circumstances we do not get proper database .So in
such conditions we can collect the images and can form our own database. The database is accessed from crowdAI
which is plant disease classification challenge . Data available here is not labeled .So the first task is to clean and label
the database. There is a huge database so basically the images with better resolution and angle are selected . After
selection of images we should have deep knowledge about the different leaves and the disease they have. Huge research
is done from plantvilllage organization repository. Different types of plant images are studied and corresponding .
After detail study, labeling in done by segregating the images and with different diseases

Diseases of different plants database:

• Apple black spot
• Apple broad leaf spot
• Apple needle leaf spot
• Apple normal
• Bell paper normal
• Blueberry normal
• Cherry normal
• Cherry powder normal
• Corn blight
• Corn rust

3.4.REMEDY:
After the disease is successfully predicted with a good confidence level , the corresponding remedy for the disease
present is displayed that can be taken as a cure. The different plant diseases and their remedies are shown in the table
below:

Copyright to IJAREEIE DOI:10.15662/IJAREEIE.2019.0803014 624

 ISSN (Print) : 2320 – 3765
ISSN (Online): 2278 – 8875

International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,

Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering
(A High Impact Factor, Monthly, Peer Reviewed Journal)

Website: www.ijareeie.com
Vol. 8, Issue 3, March 2019

IV.RESULTS

Fig 2.Output Window Sample

Copyright to IJAREEIE DOI:10.15662/IJAREEIE.2019.0803014 625

 ISSN (Print) : 2320 – 3765
ISSN (Online): 2278 – 8875

International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,

Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering
(A High Impact Factor, Monthly, Peer Reviewed Journal)

Website: www.ijareeie.com
Vol. 8, Issue 3, March 2019

V.CONCLUSIONS

The proposed system was developed taking in mind the benefits of the farmers and agricultural sector .The developed
system can detect disease in plant and also provide the remedy that can be taken against the disease. By proper
knowledge of the disease and the remedy can be taken for improving the health of the plant .The proposed system is
based on python and gives an accuracy of around 78%.The accuracy and the speed can be increased by use of Googles
GPU for processing . The system can be installed on Drones so that aerial survaillances of crop fields can be done.

REFERENCES

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