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Stats and Probability

1) This learning module discusses identifying areas under the normal curve corresponding to different standard normal values. It provides examples of finding areas based on given z-values, such as between z=0 and z=-1, and how to convert areas to percentages. 2) Key steps outlined include sketching the normal curve, locating given z-values, shading the region of interest, using the z-table to find corresponding areas, and performing calculations to determine the final area. 3) Practice problems are provided to help students find areas under the normal curve based on various specifications, like between or to the left/right of given z-values, and represent results as percentages.

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Louisse
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67 views

Stats and Probability

1) This learning module discusses identifying areas under the normal curve corresponding to different standard normal values. It provides examples of finding areas based on given z-values, such as between z=0 and z=-1, and how to convert areas to percentages. 2) Key steps outlined include sketching the normal curve, locating given z-values, shading the region of interest, using the z-table to find corresponding areas, and performing calculations to determine the final area. 3) Practice problems are provided to help students find areas under the normal curve based on various specifications, like between or to the left/right of given z-values, and represent results as percentages.

Uploaded by

Louisse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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St.

Francis College
Allen Northern Samar

LEARNING MODULE IN STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

MODULE 3
Identifying Areas Under the Normal Curve

DURATION: 2 WEEKS
GRADE LEVEL: GRADE 11

LEARNING COMPETENCY
Identify regions under normal curve corresponding to different standard
normal values;

I.CONTENT

In the previous lesson, you have learned about the properties of the normal distribution. The
distribution curve is bell-shaped, symmetrical about its center. The mean, the median, and the
mode are equal and coincide at the center, the width of the curve is determined by the standard
deviation of the distribution, the curve is asymptotic to the base line, the area under the curve s 1
and it represents the probability or proportion or the percentage associated with the specific sets
of measurement values.
You have also learned how to read entries in the z-table and how to use it in determining the area
under the normal curve. This time, you will enrich your learning on identify regions under the
normal curve corresponding to different standard normal values. When you say region under the
curve, you are interested in the area of the region.

II.EXAMPLES AND DISCUSSION

Study the curve and identify the shaded region in terms of z-values. Can you think of another
region with the same area?

The curve above shows a shaded region between 𝑧 = 0and 𝑧 = 1. Similarly, a region between 𝑧 =
0 and
𝑧 = −1 has the same area.

Regions under the curve can be described in terms of area. Area between two specific z-values can be
determined using the z-table and the suggested steps below.

For easier way of identifying the region under a normal curve, the following
steps are suggested:

1. Draw the normal curve and locate the given z-value or values at the base line of the curve.
Then, draw a vertical line through the given z-value or values and shade the required region.
2. Use the z-table to find the areas that correspond to the given z-value or values.
3. Perform appropriate operations to get the required area, if needed.
4. Write the required area.

Study the following cases in identifying the area under the normal given specified z-values.

Case 1. When the required area is between 𝑧 = 0 and any z-value

Example 1: Find the area that corresponds to 𝑧 = −1

Finding the area that corresponds to 𝑧 = −1


is the same as finding the area between 𝑧 = 0and 𝑧 = −1.

1. Draw the normal curve


and locate the given z-
value or values at the base
line of the curve. Then,
draw a vertical line
through the given z-value
or values and shade the
required region.
2. Use the z-table to find
the areas that correspond
to the given z-value or 𝑧 = −1 corresponds to an area of 0.3413
values.
3. Perform appropriate
operations to get the No operations needed because the answer is already given in the z-
required area, if needed. table.
4. Write the required area. Thus, the area that corresponds to 𝑧 = −1 is 0.3413.

Example 2: Find the area that corresponds to 𝑧 = 1.

1. Draw the normal curve and


locate the given z-value or
values at the base line of the
curve. Then, draw a vertical
line through the given z value
or values and shade the required
region.

2. Use the z-table to find the


areas that correspond to the 𝑧 = 1 corresponds to an area of 0.3413
given z-value or values
3. Perform appropriate
operations to get the required No operations needed because the answer is already given in the
area, if needed z-table.
4. Write the required area. Thus, the area that corresponds to 𝑧 = 1 is 0.3413.

When z is negative, simply ignore the sign. The negative informs us that the region is
found on the left side of the mean. Remember, areas are positive values.

When z is negative, simply ignore the sign. The negative informs us that the region is found on
the left side of the mean. Remember, areas are positive values.
Example 4:
Find the area to the right of 𝑧 = 1.56
Other than the terms “less than”, you can use these words to convey the same meaning: at most
z, no more than z, not greater than z, or to the left of z

Example 5: Find the area to the left of 𝑧 = −1.52


Example 6: Find the area less than 𝑧 = 1.25

Case 4.When the required area is between two z-values of the same sign.

Example 7: Find the area between 𝑧 = 1.70 and 𝑧 = 0.82


III.EXERCISE

You already know that the area under the normal curve represents probability, proportion or the
percentage associated with specific set of measurement values. Now, let’s extend your learning
on representing the region under the normal curve in terms of percent. Sketch the normal curve
and use the z-table to find the area that corresponds to each of the following z-values. Then,
multiply the area to 100 to get its percent form. The final answers are given as your guide.

1. What percent of the area under the normal curve is between 𝑧 = 2.25 and 𝑧 = 0.58?

1. Draw the normal curve and locate the given


z-value or values at the base line of the curve.
Then, draw a vertical line through the given z-
value or values and shade the required region.
2. Use the z-table to find the areas that
correspond to the given z-value or values
3. Perform appropriate operations to get the
required area, if needed. To convert area to
percent, multiply the area to 100.
4. Write the required area (in percent). Thus, the area between 𝑧 = 2.25 and 𝑧 = 0.58
is 26.88%.

IV.EVALUATION

Find the area under the normal curve in each of the following cases.

1. to the right of𝑧 = 1.63

2. between 𝑧 = −1.36 and 𝑧 = 2.55

3. to the left of𝑧 = −1.78

4. between 𝑧 = −2.76 and 𝑧 = −1.25

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