A90 GNSS Receiver

User Manual
Version 1.0

Suzhou FOIF Co., Ltd

1
Introduction
Congratulations! You have just acquired the latest multi-frequency
A90 GNSS Surveying System from FOIF! GNSS has revolutionized
control surveys, topographic data collection and construction
surveying. Purchasing the right tools for a professional job is
essential in today's competitive business environment. Learning to
put these tools to work quickly and efficiently will be the focus of
the present manual. Compared with other GNSS products, A90 is
more compact and lightweight while integrating more technology,
such as the exclusive multi-constellation(GPS + GLONASS +
BEIDOU + SBAS) capabilities.
A90 performs more advanced features such as smart design and
WIFI monitoring. You will find many modifications in this
instrument different from other GNSS products. 8GB internal
memory for standard and include an optional TF card with maximum
32G which should be enough for your whole project.

2
 CONTENT
1 Summary ..........................................................................11
2 Equipment List ......................................................................... 13
2.1 Container Contents............................................................. 13
2.2 Controllers ......................................................................... 17
3 Setting Up Receivers ................................................................... 17
3.1 Setting Up Base Station ..................................................... 17
3.1.1 Choose a suitable place for base station setting up . 17
3.1.2 Set up tripod and tribrach ........................................ 18
3.1.3 Insert battery ........................................................... 18
3.1.4 Set up base station ................................................... 18
3.2 Setting Up Rover Station ................................................... 22
3.3 Controller Connecting........................................................ 24
3.3.1 Bluetooth ................................................................. 24
3.3.2 WIFI ........................................................................ 24
3.3.3 State of Connecting Shown ..................................... 24
3.3.4 Disconnecting ......................................................... 24
4 General Introduction ..................................................... 25
4.1 Nomenclature ..................................................................... 25
4.2 Battery................................................................................ 26
4.2.1 Ways of Battery Supplied........................................ 26
4.2.2 Supplied by Inner Li-Ion Battery ............................ 26
4.2.3 Supplied by External Storage .................................. 27
5 Receiver Operation ..................................................................... 27
5.1 Battery Button .................................................................... 27
5.2 LED Indicating Lights ....................................................... 27
3
 5.2.1 Battery ..................................................................... 27
5.2.2 Satellite ................................................................... 28
5.2.3 Link ........................................................................ 28
5.2.4 Bluetooth ................................................................. 28
5.2.5 WIFI ........................................................................ 28
6 Static Surveying ......................................................................... 29
6.1 Process ............................................................................... 29
6.2 Data Downloading and Format Converting ....................... 29
6.3 Ways of Outdoor Working for Static Surveying ................ 31
6.4 GPS Network ..................................................................... 33
6.4.1 Network Designing ................................................. 33
6.4.2 Accuracy Standard in Static Surveying ................... 34
6.4.3 GPS Network .......................................................... 36
6.4.4 Shapes of GPS Network.......................................... 37
6.4.5 Principles of GPS Network Designing.................... 40
7 Specifications ......................................................................... 41
7.1 Physical Specifications ...................................................... 41
7.2 Positioning Specifications .................................................. 41
7.3 Technical Specifications .................................................... 42
7.4 Technical Specifications for Controller .............................. 44
Appendix Introduction of A90 webpage function.................... 45

4
Safety Information
This manual describes the A90 GNSS Receiver.
Before you use your receiver make sure that you have read and
understood this manual, as well as all safety requirements.

！ WARNING
Ignoring this indication and making an operation error could possibly
result in death or serious injury to the operator.

！ CAUTION
Ignoring this indication and making an operation error could possibly
result in personal injury or property damage.

Regulations and safety

The receivers contain integrated Bluetooth wireless technology, and
may also send radio signal through the antenna of an internal radio-
modem, or through an externally-connected data communication
radio. Regulations regarding the use of the 460MHz radio-modems
vary greatly from country to country. In some countries, the unit can
be used without obtaining an end-user license. Other countries
require end-user licensing. For licensing information, consult your
local FOIF dealer. Bluetooth operates in license-free bands.

Exposure to radio frequency radiation

For radio (403~473MHz)
It is safety. Exposure to RF energy is an important safety
consideration. Proper use of this radio modem results in exposure
5
below government limits.
The following precautions are recommended:
DO NOT operate the transmitter when someone is within 20cm of
the antenna.
DO NOT collocate (place within 20cm) radio antenna with
other transmitting antenna.
DO NOT operate the transmitter unless all RF connectors are
secure and any open connectors are properly terminated.
DO NOT operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or
in an explosive atmosphere.
All equipment must be properly grounded as per FOIF
instructions for safe operation.
All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified
technician.

！ CAUTION

For GSM radio

- For your own safety, always observe the precautions listed
here.

- Always maintain a minimum separation distance of 20cm

between yourself and the radiating antenna on the

radio-modem.
- Do not collocate (place within 20cm) the radio antenna with
any other transmitting antenna.
For Bluetooth radio
The radiated output power of the internal Bluetooth wireless

6
 radio is far below radio frequency exposure limits.
Nevertheless, the wireless radio shall be used in such a
manner that the FOIF receiver is 20cm or further from the
human body. The internal wireless radio operates within
guidelines found in radio frequency safety standards and
recommendations, which reflects the consensus of the
scientific community. FOIF therefore believes the internal
wireless radio is safe for use by consumers. The level of
energy emitted is far less than the electromagnetic energy
emitted by wireless devices such as mobile phones. However,
the use of wireless radios may be restricted in some situations
or environments, such as on aircraft. If you are unsure of
restrictions, you are encouraged to ask for authorization
before turning on the wireless radio.

Installing antennas
CAUTION
！
- For your own safety, always observe the precautions listed
here.
- Always maintain a minimum separation distance of 20cm
between yourself and the radiating antenna.
- Do not collocate (place within 20cm) the radio antenna with
any other transmitting antenna.

7
This device has been designed to operate with the antennas
listed below. UHF Antennas not included in this list, or that
has a gain greater than 5dBi, are strictly prohibited for use
with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
The antennas that can be used (country dependent) with the
460 MHz radio are 0dBi and 5dBi whip antennas. The
antenna that can be used with the GSM radio is the 0dBi whip
antenna.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the
antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the
equivalent isotropic ally radiated power is not more than that
permitted for successful communication.

Rechargeable Lithium-ion batteries

These receivers use a rechargeable Lithium-ion battery.
WARNING
！
- Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A
damaged battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can
result in personal injury and /or property damage. To prevent
injury or damage:
- Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged.
Signs of damage include, but are not limited to, discoloration,
warping, and leaking battery fluid.
- Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct
sun-light.

！ WARNING
8
- Do not immerse the battery in water.
- Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot
weather.
- Do not drop or puncture the battery.
- Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.
- Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if
it appears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and
contact with it can result in personal injury and/or property
damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
WARNING
！
- If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid.
- If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your
eyes with clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub
your eyes!
- If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately
use clean water to wash off the battery fluid.
- Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in
strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the
battery in unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or
fire, and can result in personal injury and/or equipment
damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
- Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged
or leaking.

9
 ！ WARNING

- Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in FOIF product that is

specified to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that
are provided with the battery charger.
- Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat
or a burning odor.
- Use the battery only in FOIF equipment that is specified to
use it.
- Use the battery only for its intended use and according to
the instructions in the product documentation.

Other Warning
WARNING
！
- Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified
temperature range can damage it.

10
1 Summary
A90 is regarded as a highly integrated, semi-open structure
and modular designed RTK system independently researched
by FOIF. Data link, 4G modem, memory device, Bluetooth,
WIFI etc. are all focused in one receiver. Moreover, GNSS
antenna, data link and battery are independent modules which
are easy to replace, thus it is convenient in the products
maintenance and upgrade. Meanwhile, 4G module for A90 is
standard.
With high accuracy and fast tracking function of inner GN SS
mainboard, A90 can track the satellite signal more than 500
channels simultaneously.
Highly sealed, waterproof, dustproof, shockproof, low power
consumption are its basic inspecting rules. 4 lights and 1
button are easily used to set the receiver, and the aided voice
is helpful to the outdoor surveying. New function WIFI can
best help you download and backup static data which should
be more convenient compared to the normal cable connection.
Due to its advanced compatibility, static surveying with
GNSS products of other companies is no problem but also for
the compatibility in the CORS of other companies. In order to
fulfill the characteristic of compatibility in A90 , inner radio
can easily be upgraded to be compatible with GNSS products
of other companies in the RTK field.
A90 is widely used for control survey, engineerin g survey,
topography survey, boundaries location, area survey,
deformation monitoring etc. And in the education sub jects
11
based on GNSS products, you can also find A90.

12
2 Equipment List
2.1 Container Contents
The main components required for the cableless GNSS
real-time system are combined in one transport container.

A90 Base Bundle

SN Name Qty. Fig
1 Receiver host 1

2 Li-ion battery 2

3 UHF antenna 1

4 Connector 1

5 Tapeline 1

13
6 Charger dock 1

7 Charger adapter 1

Special accessories for A90 Base

SN Name Qty. Fig
1 Supporting pole for 1
base

2 Circular levelling 1
plate

3 Case 1

14
A90 Rover Bundle
SN Name Qty. Fig
1 Receiver host 1

2 Li-ion battery 2

3 Charger dock 1

4 Charger 1
adapter

5 UHF antenna 1

6 Connector 1

15
7 Tapeline 1

Special accessories for A90 Rover

1 Bracket 1

2 Centering 1
rod + strap

3 Case 1

16
2.2 Controllers

F58
a) Windows Mobile® 6.5 Professional
b) 3.7" TFT LCD VGA (480 x 640)
c) 512MB LPDDR3 and 8GB iNAND
d) Numberic keyboard and programmable side key
e) Li-ion battery (7.4V/3.4Ah)（10 hours battery life)
f) IP67 or higher

3 Setting Up Receivers
3.1 Setting Up Base Station
3.1.1 Choose a suitable place for base station setting up
Before setting up base station, firstly choose a suitable
position which should comply with the following conditions:
1) The place for base station setting up should be wide open
and easy to receive the signal of satellites, meanwhile there
mustn’t be a large area of covering above 15°(angle of
elevation).
2) Higher place would be better for setting up, thus signal of UHF
is easy to transmit. If rover is far from base, then the enhanced
antenna should be raised by using bipod.
3) Keep the surroundings away from a large area of water or
objects intensely interfering with satellite signal to decrease the
effect of multipath.

17
4) Base should be far away from the high-power radio emission
objects, such as radio, MWS etc. Distance between them needs to
be more than 200m. And less than 50m from power lines is also
forbidden to set up base.
3.1.2 Set up tripod and tribrach
Connect tripod mount and tribrach, then center and level the receiver.
If base station can be set up at any position, the receiver just needs
leveling.

3.1.3 Insert battery

Downwards press the lock of battery cover, release it and
then the cover will bounce. When inserting battery please
note that battery contacts should be inward and downward.

3.1.4 Set up base station

A External radio：
1) Fix external radio onto the tripod, and use connection cable to
connect external radio with COM port of receiver shown in Fig.3-1.
2) Connect external radio with UHF antenna.
3) Plug power cable to external radio. Then turn on radio.
4) Any channels can be set directly from the panel button of external
radio.
5) As for short range distance solution, low power setting on the
radio is suggested. On the contrary, you should set high power for
long range, then the high-power indicator on radio will light up.
6) If power indicator always blinks, it indicates low voltage and
charging is necessary.
18
 Fig.3-1

External Radio

19
Fig.3-2

20
Notice:
1) Connection should be tight between every part(cable, radio,
receiver) to confirm the successful data transferring.
2) Storage battery used should distinguish the positive and negative
poles to avoid the electric short circuit.
3) Suggested brand of storage battery is Panasonic, and other brands
such as camel, fengfan etc. are also accepted as long as voltage
output range is from 9V~25V.
4) 5m pole is suggested in raising the UHF antenna for better signals.
5) Enhanced UHF antenna should not be too close to A90 receiver.
6) Considering the safety on both yourself and instrument, it is better
for A90 not to be used at the weather of thunder or storms.

B Built-in radio：
Built-in radio solution can be achieved by both UHF antenna and
enhanced UHF antenna. It is recommended to set base station by
enhanced UHF antenna because of long-range coverage (up to 6km)
between base and rover. Antenna feeder is up to 5 meters long, so it
can contribute to raising enhanced UHF antenna as long as possible
by centering rod. Only when enhanced UHF antenna is high raised,
you can achieve better signal. Besides, UHF antenna is also available
for simple using, but coverage is only limited to 1~2km.

21
 Fig.3-3

3.2 Setting Up Rover Station

1. Attach the controller bracket to the pole.
2. Mount battery, meantime if using inner 4G, you need to
insert SIM card.
3. If you use built-in radio link, please fix UHF antenna.
4. If using controller network, you should insert SIM card
into the controller firstly.
5. Thread the receiver onto the pole.
6. Insert the controller into the bracket.

7. Press power button “ ” to start up.

22
 Fig.3-4

Note:
1. If telescopic pole is used, height of receiver can be gotten
directly from the pole.
23
2. Confirm that connection between bracket and controller is
tight to avoid controller's dropping onto the ground.
3. If network is used, then UHF antenna does not need to be
fixed on A90.

3.3 Controller Connecting

Two ways are supported for connecting between controller and A90 :
Bluetooth and WIFI.
3.3.1 Bluetooth
Bluetooth connecting work should be done first before starting
measuring by software. Use controller to scan the Bluetooth signal of
A90 .When Bluetooth is found, the SN of A90 will be shown in
controller, then select this SN to finish connecting.
3.3.2 WIFI
WIFI function can help to modify settings, upgrade firmware,
download static data, register instrument and monitor receiver status
etc. Regarding WIFI function, you can refer to the following chapter:
Appendix Introduction of A90 webpage function.
3.3.3 State of Connecting Shown
When connection is successful by Bluetooth, you can confirm
from blue light of the receiver . If receiver is connected to the
controller by Bluetooth, light will be highlighted.
3.3.4 Disconnecting
After the receiver is disconnected from the receiver, bluetooth light
will go back to the normal state without flashing. While doing so,
24
A90 receiver is still working normally, but you are unable to do any
operations from your controller.

4 General Introduction
4.1 Nomenclature

Fig.4-1
25
4.2 Battery
4.2.1 Ways of Battery Supplied
Two ways are supported in battery supplied: inner Li-Ion
battery(BP-5S) and external storage battery.
4.2.2 Supplied by Inner Li-Ion Battery
While using the inner Li-Ion battery mode, capacity of battery would
be displayed on the screen by real-time detection. Related power
indicating can be referred to 5.2.1 Battery. The charger dock
supports charging double batteries at the same time and charging
time would take about less than 6 hours. Operation time for base in
radio mode is 4 hours, for rover in radio mode is 6.2 hours. And
operation time for rover in GPRS mode is 6.5h.

Fig.4-2

26
4.2.3 Supplied by External Storage
A90 can be supported by external storage using the cables standard
which can be referred to former chapter or inside A90 equipment list.

5 Receiver Operation
5.1 Battery Button
Turn on
1) Confirm that A90 is at shutdown state.
2) Long-press then release it until you hear the voice .
3) Light(Battery) is on and light(GNSS) is blinking.
4) Finish.

Turn off
1) Confirm that A90 is at working state.
2) Long-press and release after you hear the voice “Power off” ,
then short press the button again to confirm the “power off”
operation.
3) Finish.

5.2 LED Indicating Lights

5.2.1 Battery
Battery
Function: Power Indicator.
1) >10%: light is on with green colour without blinking.
2) <10%: flash once per second with red colour, together with voice
prompt.
27
3) no any power: instrument will go to the power off state
automatically.
5.2.2 Satellite
Satellite
1) Light is not on: it indicates that A90 can not track signals of
satellites at current environment.
2) Light is blinking: it indicates that A90 now track the
signals but without fixed solution. The times that the light
blinks shows the number of satellites tracked by A90 .
3) Light is on without blinking: it indicates that A90 now gets
fixed solution.

5.2.3 Link
Link
Function: Differential Signal Indicator.
1) OFF: no signals transferring.
2)Blink regularly with green colour: difference date is
sending or receiving normally.
3) Blink regularly with blue colour: static date is sending.

5.2.4 Bluetooth
Bluetooth
1) Light is on without blinking: Bluetooth is connected normally
2) OFF: no Bluetooth connecting

5.2.5 WIFI
WIFI
1) Light is on without blinking: WIFI is connected normally
28
2) OFF: no WIFI connecting

6 Static Surveying
A90 also has static surveying function, which includes outdoors
surveying and office post processing.
6.1 Process
1) Fix A90.
2) Measure the height of GNSS antenna of A90 .
3) Turn on A90 while more than 4 satellites are tracked by this
instrument, then start the static surveying from the buttons of A90
screen.
4) It is important to record the surveying time, SN of A90, antenna
height, etc. on a notebook while this receiver is doing the static
surveying.
5) When outdoor surveying is over, turn off A90.
Notice:
Normally, it is better to record the static data on SD card.

6.2 Data Downloading and Format Converting

1) Connecting A90 and PC for data downloading.
2) File name given should comply with the notes of outdoor
surveying made by yourself. Data file name includes point name, day
of year and surveying times, which is easy for your distinction. If the
file name is 34661171.F14, the front four numbers “3466” can be
defined by yourself. The later three numbers “117” represents the
day of year, which can not be edited. And the last number means
surveying times, which can not be modified either.
3) Convert these data to RINEX format and input the height of A90 .
29
You can finish this by the software FOIFGNSS shown below.

Fig.6-1
4) Click “Import raw files for translated to RINEX”, choose
the files that need to be converted.(These files are downloaded
from receivers.) This software can convert as much as 16 files at the
same time.
5) Choose the files that you want to convert, then click “Open”.
The converted files are saved at the same path as your original files
on your PC.
Detailed pictures are shown below.

Fig.6-2
6) When you have seen the window information “RINEX
Translation finished”, then press “OK”, you can see the network
and baselines for your static surveying.
30
 Fig.6-3
7) Using FOIF post processing software “FOIF Geomatics
Office 2008” to do the office work. Detailed ways are shown in the
user manual of FOIF Geomatics office 2008.

6.3 Ways of Outdoor Working for Static Surveying

1) Surveyors should give a general understanding about their
surveying district e.g. point position, difficulties of making point and
also includes the economic level, culture custom, traffic situation etc.
at that place.
2) Ephemeris forecast: Good surveying opportunities should depend
on the surveying position and the latest satellite ephemeris. The
satellite ephemeris includes many aspects e.g. visibility of satellites,
satellite constellation, PDOP etc. If big building is beside the point,
then you should conclude on whether this big object would influence
the effects of static surveying on that point.
3) Give a detailed surveying procedure on the paper.
4) Outdoors surveying: Comply with the surveying procedure and
related receiver manual to lead your job.
5) Data transferring: Check the consistency between outdoors notes
making and the files in the receiver by PC.
31
6) Process baselines to determine the accuracy of your surveying
thus leading your next working plan.
7) Finish working if there is no problem in step 6) and then print
your adjusted results report.
Notice:
To achieve a better accuracy and reliability of the project, it is asked
that you should have a knowledge of the ephemeris and the status of
ionosphere to avoid the troubles from surveying. Followed pictures
show you the detailed situation of ephemeris.

Fig.6-4

32
You can visit followed website to see the status of ionosphere.
The status of ionosphere is updated every 24 hours.
http://space.iggcas.ac.cn/TEC.asp

Fig.6-5

6.4 GPS Network

6.4.1 Network Designing
1) The baselines should be closed. Single baseline is not accepted in
the designing.
2) It is not right to say that the more the baselines, the better the
results are. Three baselines for one point is suitable for the reliability
of network.
3) For getting the higher accuracy of the point, one point for two
times surveying is suggested.
4) In order to convert GPS system to your local coordinate system,
33
you should have at least 3 to 5 higher accuracy known point that are
equally spread in the survey district for your good coordinate
converting. At the same time, if you want to get your good elevation
of the surveying points, then you should have certain leveling points
for your research on the elevation of your surveying district.
5) Considering the convenience of static surveying, it is suggested
for you to give your points in the wild place where you are
easy-going.

6.4.2 Accuracy Standard in Static Surveying

Accuracy standard in static surveying is judged by the “rms”
of distance in the adjacent two points.

a2 b * d )2
: rms (mm) a : fixed error (mm)
b : scale factor (ppm) d : distance (km)

The surveying accuracy for GPS is divided into 6 levels by

Surveying Standard for GPS published in 2001 (AA, A, B, C, D, E).
AA, A, B are for country s GPS control surveying. Level C is mainly
in engineering surveying of big or middle cities. D and E are for
control surveying in middle or small cities.

34
Items AA A B C D E
Fixed error:
≤3 ≤5 ≤8 ≤10 ≤10 ≤10
a (mm)
Scale factor:
≤0.01 ≤0.1 ≤1 ≤5 ≤10 ≤20
b(ppm)
Minimum
distance
for adjacent two 300 100 23 4 2 1
points (km)

Maximum
distance
for adjacent two 3000 900 210 36 20 8
points(km)

Average distance
for adjacent two
1000 300 70 10~15 5~10 0.2~5
points(km)

35
6.4.3 GPS Network
There are many kinds of GPS network designing such as tracking,
alternately observation, multi-base, single-base, normal.
Tracking: Several receivers fixing at the certain points for a long
time observation (such as 1 year without stop), which is suitable for
level AA control survey or permanent monitoring survey.
Alternately observation: Several receivers fixing at the points of
certain district, they also need long time surveying (several days),
after this procedure, change the receivers to the other points of this
district, then use the same surveying way. This mean can eliminate
the influence of SA. It is suitable for the GPS network survey of
level A and B survey.
Multi-base: While several receivers are fixing at the base points (like
CORS) with long time surveying, then we can use other rovers
working in this net simultaneously. It is suitable for level C and D
survey.
Single-base: Use one receiver fixing at the base point working
continuously, then use rovers to do the surveying job around base
point. These rovers do not need synchronizing. As a rover fix at one
point, one baseline is formed. Several rovers then can form many
baselines which have the same base point like a star. It is suitable for
level D and E survey.
Normal: This way is just the general way for customers. You just
follow the manual and do not need to have many professional
knowledge. Detailed way is, using 3 or more receivers fixing on
points to do the static surveying for a certain while (usually 40-60
minutes) simultaneously. This moment, one polygon is formed by
these receivers. After the first surveying time is over, move these
36
receivers to other points doing the same surveying job (another
polygon is formed by the second time surveying) but make sure that
the two polygons should have common side. The whole GPS
network is formed by these polygons. It is suitable for level C and D
survey.

6.4.4 Shapes of GPS Network

Depend on different applications, shapes of GPS network can be
divided into several types: Radial network, Point connecting network,
Side connecting network, Polygon connecting network and Mixed
connecting network.

Fig.6-6 Radial network

Radial network is a simple geomatics figure, but it is not easy to

check the accuracy because all the sides of that network are not
closed.
The advantages for this type is:
only need 2 receivers, which is regarded as an easy-working,
fast-tracking way. It is widely used in low precision
engineering surveying, cadastral survey, mapping and so on.

37
 Fig.6-7 Point connecting network

Point connecting network is defined as a figure by connecting two

adjacent shapes by only one common point. The advantages for this
type is high efficiency, fast extending, but it also can not confirm the
high precision surveying. So it is not suggested in precise working.
On the top is 3 receivers working simultaneously in the Point
connecting network.

Fig.6-8 Side connecting network

Side connecting network is defined as a figure by connecting two
adjacent shapes by their common side. It is as the same as normal
GPS network designing shown in the last paragraph and is widely
38
used in the surveying field because of its high precision.

Fig.6-9 Polygon connecting network

Polygon connecting network is defined as a figure connecting
the two adjacent shapes by at least 3 common points. So this
network at least needs 4 receivers. It is better than side
connecting network in accuracy but not working time. So it is
only suggested for high precision control surveying.

Mixed connecting network

Because every type of network has its own disadvantage, so we can

use Mixed connecting network which can combine the advantages of
these types to achieve higher efficiency working but lower
investment both in time and money. Mixed connecting network is
also the common type in doing the surveying job.

39
6.4.5 Principles of GPS Network Designing
Principles for GPS network designing include 3 parts as follows:
Point position
1) Wide place is suggested because of good satellites signals, big
buildings are not allowed at the range of 10 ~ 15 in elevation mask.
2) Keep 200m away from high power WIFI object, such as radio,
powerline etc.
3) It is better to be removed from the large water area, high building
etc. to avoid or reduce the effects of multipath.
4) The place for point position should be easy-going and also steady
for further applications.
Reliability
1) Longer surveying time.
2) Repeated station setting is suggested.
3) Confirm that one point should be involved at least 3 baselines.
4) The sides for every part of the network should not exceed 6.
Precision
1) Synchronous surveying is suggested in the adjacent points.
2) GPS network designing is suggested.
3) The sides for every part of network should not exceed 6.
4) High precision EDM instrument is recommended to use together
with GPS receivers.
5) Leveling points should be equally spread in the district for better
elevation fitting.
6) Surveying time (times) could be added appropriately for higher
precision surveying.
7) Known points should be equally spread in the district for better
precision surveying.
40
7 Specifications
7.1 Physical Specifications

Feature Specification
Dimensions Ø156mm × H76mm
Weight(W/O battery) 1.2kg
Power consumption External storage
Supply voltage Lithium-Ion battery

Operating temperature -30℃ to +65℃(-22F to 149F)

Storage temperature -40℃ to +80℃(-40F to 176F)
Humidity 100% condensing
Water/Dust proof IP67(IEC60529)
Shock 2m pole drop
7.2 Positioning Specifications

Feature Specification
Post processing Static and rapid static(phase) with
standard antenna
Horizontal ±2.5mm+1ppm*D
Vertical ±5mm+1ppm*D
RTK Kinematic(phase), moving mode after
initialization
Horizontal ±10mm+1ppm*D
Vertical ±25mm+1ppm*D

D: distance Km
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7.3 Technical Specifications
GNSS Engine Communication
NovAtel OEM729(555 1.Internal radio
channels): UHF-Link (410~470MHz) Rx&Tx
GPS: L1 C/A, L2E,L2C, L5 both;
GLONASS: L1 C/A, L1P,
L2 C/A, L2P 2.Network module
SBAS: L1 C/A, L5 4G LTE module
GLOVE-A: L1 BOC,
E5A,E5B, E5AltBOC
GLOVE-B: L1 CBOC,
E5A,E5B, E5AltBOC
GALILEO: L1 CBOC,
Operation
E5A,E5B,
Ports: RTK rover/base, post-processing
E5AltBOC(Reserved)
1 TNC port for radio RTK Network rover: VRS, FKP,
Beidou: B1, B2
2 LEMO（RS232，USB， MAC
power）port Point-to-Point Circuit Switched Data
(GSM) GPRS mode through
Real-time Data Server
Data formats Software(internal GPRS or external
RTCM 2.x, RTCM 3.x, cell phone)
CMR, CMR+,

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RTCA(Optional), 8GB internal memory for standard
NMEA0183 2.x, 3.0 and and include an optional TF card with
4.1(Optional) maximum 32G

43
7.4 Technical Specifications for Controller

Model F58
Operating System Windows Mobile® 6.5 Professional
Hardware platform AM335X 1GHz
Display 3.7" TFT LCD VGA (480 x 640)
600 ni Blanview projection display
Pressure sensitive touch panel
Storage 512MB LPDDR3
8GB iNAND
Keyboard Numberic keyboard and programmable
Interfaces side key
Serial port（9-pin；D-sub）x 1
USB OTG（ Client 2.0 ,Host 1.1；
5-pin； Type
Microphone x 1Mini AB ） x 1
Speaker x 1
DC input x 1
Communication Bluetooth V2.1+EDR (Class 2)
GPS（with internal antenna）
3G (HSPA or HSPA+)

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Appendix Introduction of A90 webpage function
Using built-in web server to interact with front-end webpage, A90
webpage function permits user to implement receiver monitoring,
basic settings, data downloading and management. But a device for
WIFI connection, such as smartphone and laptop, is demanded.
Detailed steps are as follows:
1） First of all, make sure that A90 WIFI has been opened. Then
will be highlighted.
2) Secondly, start WIFI search on your device, and you will find the
required A90 SN number as below Fig.8-1.

Fig.8-1

Fig.8-1

Then select it and confirm connecting.

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3) Thirdly, open a web browser and enter 192.168.10.1.

Fig.8-2

Username and password are required from popup login interface.

Default is as follows:
User name: admin
Password: password

4) And later you will access web control page which includes the
following information: location status, basic settings, downloading
and management.

Fig.8-3

a.Location status mainly presents series of information such as

location information, link status, sky plot and receiver information.

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Fig.8-4 location information

Fig.8-5 link status

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 Fig.8-6 sky plot

Fig.8-7 receiver information

48
b. Settings
Regarding the receiver, you can carry through settings aiming at its
working mode, satellite setup, system parameter, NMEA information,
check log and configuration file.

Fig.8-7

Fig.8-8 working mode

49
Fig.8-9 satellite setup

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Fig.8-10 system parameter

51
Fig.8-11 NMEA information

Fig.8-12 Check log

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 Fig.8-13 configuration file

c. Downloading
You can download and backup raw data.

Fig.8-14 raw data downloading

53
d. Management
With the help of management function, you can proceed with
firmware update, receiver registration, security settings, format and
resetting, etc.

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Fig.8-15 Management
SUZHOU FOIF CO., LTD .
ADD: 18 Tong Yuan Road, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
TEL: +86 512 65224904
FAX: +86 512 65230619
Http://www.foif.com
E-mail: [email protected]

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