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All the Multiple Choice Question and Answer (MCQs) have been
compiled from the books of Data Communication and Networking
by the
he well known author behrouz A forouzan.

This
his Data Communication and Networking – Network Layer:
Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing multiple choice Questions
and Answers (MCQ) PDF covers the below lists of topic
topics.

1. Transport-layer
layer protocols,UDP and TCP Multiple Choice
Question and Answer.
Answer
2. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Multiple Choice
Question and Answer.
Answer

Practice now to sharpen your concept.

1. In _______ delivery, both the deliverer of the IP packet and the

destination are on the same network.
A. a connectionless
B. a direct
C. an indirect
D. none of the above

2. In _______ delivery, the deliverer of the IP packet and the

destination are on different networks
A. a connection-oriented
oriented
B. a direct
C. an indirect
D. none of the above
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3. In _______ forwarding, the full IP address of a destination is

given in the routing table.
A. next-hop
B. network-specific
C. host-specific
D. default

4. In _______ forwarding, the mask and destination addresses are

both 0.0.0.0 in the routing table
A. next-hop
B. network-specific
C. host-specific
D. default

5. In _______ forwarding, the destination address is a network

address in the routing table
A. next-hop
B. network-specific
C. host-specific
D. default

6. In _______ forwarding, the routing table holds the address of just

the next hop instead of complete route information.
A. next-hop
B. network-specific
C. host-specific
D. default

7. The idea of address aggregation was designed to alleviate the

increase in routing table entries when using ________
A. classful addressing
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B. classless addressing
C. both a and b
D. none of the above

8. The principle of ________ states that the routing table is sorted

from the longest mask to the shortest mask
A. first mask matching
B. shortest mask matching
C. longest mask matching
D. none of the above

9. The use of hierarchy in routing tables can ________ the size of

the routing tables
A. reduce
B. increase
C. both a and b
D. none of the above

10. _______ deals with the issues of creating and maintaining

routing tables.
A. Forwarding
B. Routing
C. Directing
D. None of the above

Answer key for MCQ SET- 1

Q-1 Correct Answer :a direct
Q-2 Correct Answer :an indirect
Q-3 Correct Answer :host-specific
:host
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Q-4 Correct Answer :default

Q-5 Correct Answer :network-specific
:network
Q-6 Correct Answer :next-hop
:next
Q-7 Correct Answer :classless addressing
Q-8 Correct Answer :longest mask matching
Q-9 Correct Answer :reduce
Q-10 Correct Answer :Routing

Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set

Set-2

1. A _______ routing table contains information entered manually.

A. static
B. dynamic
C. hierarchical
D. none of the above

2. A _______ routing table is updated periodically using one of the

dynamic routing protocols
A. static
B. dynamic
C. hierarchical
D. none of the above

3. The input and output ports of a router perform the ________

layer functions of the router.
A. physical and data link
B. network
C. transport
D. none of the above
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4. The routing processor of a router performs the ________ layer

functions of the router
A. physical and data link
B. network
C. transport
D. none of the above

5. The task of moving the packet from the input queue to the output
queue in a router is done by _________
A. input and output ports
B. routing processor
C. switching fabrics
D. none of the above

6. A static table is one _______

A. with manual entries
B. which is updated automatically
C. either a or b
D. none of the above

7. A dynamic table is one _______

A. with manual entries
B. which is updated automatically
C. either a or b
D. none of the above

8. For purposes of routing, the Internet is divided into ___________

A. wide area networks
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B. autonomous networks
C. autonomous systems
D. none of the above

9. ____________ is a group of networks and routers under the

authority of a single administration.
A. An autonomous system
B. An area
C. a and b
D. none of the above

10. Routing inside an autonomous system is referred to as

_______________
A. interdomain routing
B. intradomain routing
C. both a and b
D. none of the above

Answer key for MCQ SET- 2

Q-1 Correct Answer :static
Q-2 Correct Answer :dynamic
Q-3 Correct Answer :physical and data link
Q-4 Correct Answer :network
Q-5 Correct Answer :switching fabrics
Q-6 Correct Answer :with manual entries
Q-7 Correct Answer :which is updated automatically
Q-8 Correct Answer :autonomous systems
Q-9 Correct Answer :An autonomous system
Q-10 Correct Answer :intradomain routing
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Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set

Set-3

1. Routing between autonomous systems is referred to as

____________
A. interdomain routing
B. intradomain routing
C. both a and b
D. none of the above

2. In _______ routing, the least cost route between any two nodes is
the route with the minimum distance.
A. path vector
B. distance vector
C. link state
D. none of the above

3. In ________, each node maintains a vector (table) of minimum

distances to every node.
A. path vector
B. distance vector
C. link state
D. none of the above

4. In distance vector routing, each node periodically shares its

routing table with _________ and whenever there is a change.
A. every other node
B. its immediate neighbors
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C. one neighbor
D. none of the above

5. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is an intradomain

routing based on _________ routing
A. distance vector
B. link state
C. path vector
D. none of the above

6. The metric used by _______ is the hop count

A. OSPF
B. RIP
C. BGP
D. none of the above

7. The _________ routing uses the Dijkstra algorithm to build a

routing table.
A. distance vector
B. link state
C. path vector
D. none of the above

8. The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is an intradomain

routing protocol based on _______ routing
A. distance vector
B. link state
C. path vector
D. none of the above
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9. The _______ protocol allows the administrator to assign a cost,

called the metric, to each route
A. OSPF
B. RIP
C. BGP
D. none of the above

10. In OSPF, a ________ link connects two routers without any

other host or router in between
A. point-to-point
B. transient
C. stub
D. none of the above

Answer key for MCQ SET- 3

Q-1 Correct Answer :interdomain routing
Q-2 Correct Answer :distance vector
Q-3 Correct Answer :distance vector
Q-4 Correct Answer :its immediate neighbors
Q-5 Correct Answer :distance vector
Q-6 Correct Answer :RIP
Q-7 Correct Answer :link state
Q-8 Correct Answer :link state
Q-9 Correct Answer :OSPF
Q-10 Correct Answer :point-to-point
:point

Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set

Set-4
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1. In OSPF, a _______ link is a network with several routers

attached to it.
A. point-to-point
B. transient
C. stub
D. none of the above

2. In OSPF, a ________ link is a network is connected to only one

router.
A. point-to-point
B. transient
C. stub
D. none of the above

3. In OSPF, when the link between two routers is broken, the

administration may create a _________ link between them using a
longer path that probably goes through several routers
A. point-to-point
B. transient
C. stub
D. none of the above

4. In ________ routing, we assume that there is one node (or more)

in each autonomous system that acts on behalf of the entire
autonomous system
A. distant vector
B. path vector
C. link state
D. none of the above
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5. ______ is an interdomain routing protocol using path vector

routing
A. BGP
B. RIP
C. OSPF
D. none of the above

6. To create a neighborhood relationship, a router running BGP

sends an ________ message
A. open
B. update
C. keepalive
D. none of the above

7. An area is _______
A. part of an AS
B. composed of at least two ASs
C. another term for an AS
D. none of the above

8. A one-to-all communication between one source and all hosts on

a network is classified as a _______ communication.
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
D. none of the above

9. A one-to-many communication between one source and a specific

group of hosts is classified as a _______ communication.
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A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
D. none of the above

10. A one-to-one communication between one source and one

destination is classified as a _______ communication.
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
D. none of the above

Answer key for MCQ SET- 4

Q-1 Correct Answer :transient
Q-2 Correct Answer :stub
Q-3 Correct Answer :none of the above
Q-4 Correct Answer :path vector
Q-5 Correct Answer :BGP
Q-6 Correct Answer :open
Q-7 Correct Answer :part of an AS
Q-8 Correct Answer :broadcast
Q-9 Correct Answer :multicast
Q-10 Correct Answer :unicast

Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set-5

1. In ______, the router forwards the received packet through only

one of its interfaces.
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A. unicasting
B. multicasting
C. broadcasting
D. none of the above

2. In _______, the router may forward the received packet through

several of its interfaces
A. unicasting
B. multicasting
C. broadcasting
D. none of the above

3. Emulation of ________ through ___________ is not efficient and

may create long delays.
A. unicasting; multiple unicasting
B. multicasting; multiple unicasting
C. broadcasting; multicasting
D. none of the above

4. In unicast routing, each router in the domain has a table that

defines a ______ path tree to possible destinations
A. average
B. longest
C. shortest
D. none of the above

5. In multicast routing, each involved router needs to construct a

________ path tree for each group.
A. average
B. longest
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C. shortest
D. none of the above

6. In the _______ tree approach, each router needs to have one

shortest path tree for each group.
A. group-shared
B. source-based
C. a or b
D. none of the above

7. In the group-shared tree approach, _________ involved in

multicasting
A. only the core router is
B. all routers are
C. only some routers are
D. none of the above

8. Multicast link state routing uses the _______ tree approach

A. source-based
B. group-shared
C. a or b
D. none of the above

9. The Multicast Open Shortest Path First (MOSPF) protocol is an

extension of the OSPF protocol that uses multicast routing to create
source-based trees. The protocol is based on _______ routing
A. distance vector
B. link state
C. path vector
D. none of the above
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10. MOSPF is a _______ protocol

A. data-driven
B. command-driven
C. both a and b
D. none of the above

Answer key for MCQ SET- 5

Q-1 Correct Answer :unicasting
Q-2 Correct Answer :multicasting
Q-3 Correct Answer :multicasting; multiple unicasting
Q-4 Correct Answer :shortest
Q-5 Correct Answer :shortest
Q-6 Correct Answer :source-based
:source
Q-7 Correct Answer :only the core router is
Q-8 Correct Answer :source-based
:source
Q-9 Correct Answer :link state
Q-10 Correct Answer :data-driven
:data

Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set

Set-6

1. _________ broadcasts packets, but creates loops in the systems.

A. Forwarding
B. Flooding
C. Backwarding
D. none of the above
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2. In RPF, a router forwards only the copy that has traveled the
_______ path from the source to the router.
A. shortest
B. longest
C. average
D. none of the above

3. RPF eliminates the ________ in the flooding process

A. forwarding
B. backwarding
C. flooding
D. none of the above

4. RPF guarantees that each network receives only ____ of the

multicast packet.
A. one copy
B. two copies
C. a or b
D. none of the above

5. RPB creates a shortest path _______ tree from the source to each
destination
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
D. none of the above

6. RPB guarantees that each destination receives _________ of the

packet
A. one copy
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B. no copies
C. multiple copies
D. none of the above

7. In ________, the multicast packet must reach only those

networks that have active members for that particular group.
A. RPF
B. RPB
C. RPM
D. none of the above

8. ______ adds pruning and grafting to _______ to create a

multicast shortest path tree that supports dynamic membership
changes
A. RPM; RPB
B. RPB; RPM
C. RPF: RPM
D. none of the above

9. _________ is an implementation of multicast distance vector

routing.
It is a source-based routing protocol, based on RIP.
A. MOSPF
B. DVMRP
C. CBT
D. none of the above

10. DVMRP is a ________routing protocol, based on RIP

A. source-based
B. group-shared
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C. both a and b
D. none of the above

Answer key for MCQ SET- 6

Q-1 Correct Answer :Flooding
Q-2 Correct Answer :shortest
Q-3 Correct Answer :none of the above
Q-4 Correct Answer :none of the above
Q-5 Correct Answer :broadcast
Q-6 Correct Answer :one copy
Q-7 Correct Answer :RPM
Q-8 Correct Answer :RPM; RPB
Q-9 Correct Answer :DVMRP
Q-10 Correct Answer :source-based
:source

Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set-7

1. Pruning and grafting are strategies used in _______

A. RPF
B. RPB
C. RPM
D. none of the above

2. A _______ message tells an upstream router to stop sending

multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.
A. weed
B. graft
C. prune
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D. none of the above

3. A _______ message tells an upstream router to start sending

multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.
A. weed
B. graft
C. prune
D. none of the above

4. CBT is a ________ protocol that uses a core as the root of the tree
A. source-based
B. group-shared
C. a or b
D. none of the above

5. PIM-DM is used in a _______ multicast environment, such as a

LAN.
A. dense
B. sparse
C. a or b
D. none of the above

6. PIM-SM is used in a _______multicast environment such as a

WAN.
A. dense
B. sparse
C. a or b
D. none of the above
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7. In _______, a logical tunnel is established by encapsulating the

multicast packet inside a unicast packet.
A. UNIBONE
B. MULTBONE
C. MBONE
D. none of the above

Answer key for MCQ SET- 7

Q-1 Correct Answer :RPM
Q-2 Correct Answer :prune
Q-3 Correct Answer :graft
Q-4 Correct Answer :group-shared
:group
Q-5 Correct Answer :dense
Q-6 Correct Answer :sparse
Q-7 Correct Answer :MBONE
Q-8
Q-9
Q-10