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    DJJ30093 Chapter 2

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    Sushantan Subramanyam
    This chapter discusses force vectors including: 1) Adding forces using the parallelogram law and triangle construction. 2) Resolving forces into rectangular components in 2D and 3D using scalar (x,y,z) and Cartesian (i,j,k) notation. 3) Determining the magnitude and direction of the resultant force vector. The learning outcomes cover distinguishing scalars from vectors, vector operations, rectangular components, adding coplanar forces, and position vectors.

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    DJJ30093 Chapter 2

    Uploaded by

    Sushantan Subramanyam
    840 views42 pages
    This chapter discusses force vectors including: 1) Adding forces using the parallelogram law and triangle construction. 2) Resolving forces into rectangular components in 2D and 3D using scalar (x,y,z) and Cartesian (i,j,k) notation. 3) Determining the magnitude and direction of the resultant force vector. The learning outcomes cover distinguishing scalars from vectors, vector operations, rectangular components, adding coplanar forces, and position vectors.

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    Chapter 2 Engineering Mechanics notes

    Original Title

    DJJ30093 CHAPTER 2

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    This chapter discusses force vectors including: 1) Adding forces using the parallelogram law and triangle construction. 2) Resolving forces into rectangular components in 2D and 3D using scalar (x,y,z) and Cartesian (i,j,k) notation. 3) Determining the magnitude and direction of the resultant force vector. The learning outcomes cover distinguishing scalars from vectors, vector operations, rectangular components, adding coplanar forces, and position vectors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    840 views42 pages

    DJJ30093 Chapter 2

    Uploaded by

    Sushantan Subramanyam
    This chapter discusses force vectors including: 1) Adding forces using the parallelogram law and triangle construction. 2) Resolving forces into rectangular components in 2D and 3D using scalar (x,y,z) and Cartesian (i,j,k) notation. 3) Determining the magnitude and direction of the resultant force vector. The learning outcomes cover distinguishing scalars from vectors, vector operations, rectangular components, adding coplanar forces, and position vectors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 42

    DJJ 30093

    ENGINEERING MECHANICS

    CHAPTER 2
    FORCE VECTOR
    NORIDA BINTI MOHAMMAD NOOR
    LECTURER
    MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
    POLITEKNIK UNGKU OMAR
    019-4866275
    This chapter will explain and show how to add forces and resolve them into components using the
    parallelogram law, then it will guide how to express force and position vector form and explain how to
    determine the vector’s magnitude and direction in 2D and 3D condition.

    LEARNING OUTCOME

    2.1 Distinguish scalars and vector.


    2.2 Explain vectors and vector operation.
    2.3 Explain Rectangular components.
    2.4 Determine the resultant force of coplanar forces by addition.
    2.5 Explain position vectors and x, y, z coordinates.
    2.6 Analyze the force vector directed along the line.
    SCALAR VECTOR

    • Any positive or negative physical • Any physical quantity that


    quantity that can be completely requires both magnitude and a
    specified by its magnitude direction
    • For example; mass, volume and • For example; mass, volume and
    length. length.
    SOLVING FORCE VECTOR

    • PARALLELOGRAM RULE
    • TRIANGLE CONSTRUCTION
    • RECTANGULAR COMPONENT (2D OR 3D)
    • SCALAR NOTATION (x,y or x,y,z)
    • CARTESIAN NOTATION (i,j or i,j,k)
    VECTOR ADDITION OF FORCES

    i. Parallelogram Law

    A • COSINE
    A A
    R SOLVE LAW
    B B • SIN RULE
    B
    R=A+B
    (parallelogram law)
    VECTOR SUBTRACTION

    Parallelogram Law

    A
    Parallel line of - B
    • COSINE
    SOLVE LAW
    R
    A • SIN RULE
    -B
    B
    R=A-B
    VECTOR ADDITION OF FORCES

    Triangle Construction

    • COSINE
    A
    SOLVE LAW
    A
    • SIN RULE
    R

    B R=A+B
    (triangle rule)
    VECTOR SUBTRACTION

    i. Triangle Construction

    A
    -B
    • COSINE
    SOLVE LAW
    R A • SIN RULE
    B R=A-B
    (triangle rule)
    Maths Revision
    Exercise 1
    Step 1: Draw Free Body Diagram
    Exercise 1

    Measured counterclockwise from the positive x axis


    Step 1: Draw Free Body Diagram
    RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS (2D)
    SCALAR NOTATION (2D)

    F F = Fx + Fy
    Fy

    Fx= F cos θ, Fy= F sin θ


    θ x
    Fx
    Exercise 3
    Step 1: Draw Free Body Diagram
    Exercise 4
    Step 1: Draw Free Body Diagram 𝐹𝑥 =

    𝐹𝑦 =

    𝐹𝑟 = 𝐹𝑥 2 + 𝐹𝑦 2

    𝐹𝑦
    𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
    𝐹𝑥
    CARTESIAN NOTATION (2D)

    Can express as a Cartesian vector:

    F = Fx i + Fy j
    F2 F2y F1y F1 Cartesian vector:
    F2x F1x F1 = F1x i + F1y j
    F3x
    F2 = - F2x i + F2y j
    F3y
    F3 = F3x i - F3y j
    F3
    The vector resultant :
    FR = F 1 + F 2 + F 3 FRy
    FR = ( F1x i + F1y j) + (-F2x i + F2y j) + (F3x i - F3y j)
    FR = (F1x - F2x - F3x ) i + (F1y + F2y - F3y ) j θ x
    FRx
    FR = (FRx ) i + (FRy ) j
    Magnitude of Force Resultant:
    FR = √(FRx)2 +(FRy )2

    So, FRx = Ʃ Fx FRy = Ʃ Fy Direction of Force Resultant,


    −𝟏 FRy
    θ = 𝐭𝐚𝐧 ( )
    FR𝑿
    Exercise 4
    Step 1: Draw Free Body Diagram
    Exercise 5
    Right Handed Coordinate System
    RECTANGULAR COMPONENT OF A VECTOR (3D)

    A = Ax+ Ay + Az
    CARTESIAN UNIT VECTOR (3D)
    Exercise 1
    42

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