Name: __Lingeshwar.

R____________________________________ Date:
8/7/21________________________

Student Exploration: Cell Structure

Vocabulary: cell membrane, cell wall, capsule, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton,
endoplasmic reticulum, flagellum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nucleoid, nuclear
membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, pilus, plasmid, plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesicle

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

1. What do you think are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its

role in an organism? Cytoplasm, all cell organelles and endoplasmic

reticulum .etc are some structures inside a cell help us to live and perform it’s role in

organisms.

2. How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals

cannot?) plant cell have wall but animal cell don’t have cell wall .As animals

move for shelter but plant cell cannot , so plant cell have cell wall but animal cell don’t.

Gizmo Warm-up
The Cell Structure Gizmo allows you to look at typical
animal, plant, and bacterial cells under a microscope.
On the ANIMAL CELL tab, click Sample to take a
sample of an animal cell. On the dropdown menu,
select Centriole.

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1. Find the centrioles (Highlighted in green). Make a
sketch of the centrioles in the space below.

2. Read the description of the centrioles. What is their function?

These bundles of microtubules play a role in the movement of chromosomes

during cell divisions process.

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 Get the Gizmo ready:
Activity A:
 Check that an Animal cell is mounted on the
Animal cells
microscope.

Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the
cell. What are the functions of the organelles in an animal cell?

1. Label: Locate each organelle in the animal cell. You can choose organelles from the
dropdown menu or click on them directly. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

2. Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description.

Cytoplasm A. Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes.

Lysosome B. Stack of membranes that packages chemicals.
Mitochondria C. Membrane that surrounds and protects the nucleus.
Centriole D. Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum E. Sac filled with digestive chemicals.
Vacuole F. Structures that convert nutrients to energy.
Cell membrane G. Passageways where chemicals are made.
Nucleus H. Jelly-like substance within the cell membrane.
Cytoskeleton I. Structure that manufactures ribosomes.
Ribosome J. Structure that contains DNA and regulates genes.
Nuclear membrane K. Package created by the Golgi apparatus.
Golgi apparatus L. Small structure that synthesizes proteins.
Vesicle M. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products.
Nucleolus N. Tubules and filaments that give the cell its shape.

(Activity A continued on next page)

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Activity A (continued from previous page)

3. Investigate: Select the Cell membrane. Turn on Show closeup. Read the description,
watch the animation, and answer the following questions below.

A. What kind of molecules can diffuse (go through) the cell membrane directly?

Small molecules such as H2O and CO2 can move in out of cell membrane.

B. How can some large molecules and charged ions get through the cell
membrane?

Through the process of diffusion large molecules and ions move in out of cell
mebmbrane.

4. Investigate: Select the Nuclear membrane closeup. How is the nuclear membrane similar

to the cell membrane? The cell membrane and and nuclear membrane are similar as

they both consist of cytoplasm

5. Investigate: Select the Mitochondrion closeup. What happens inside the mitochondrion?

It is the power house of the cell that coverts into nutrients into energy that can be
used by the cell.

6. Investigate: Select the Ribosome closeup. How does the cell make proteins inside the

ribosome? These tiny structures are the sites proteins synthesis in the cell.

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7. Investigate: Select the Vesicle closeup. How do vesicles move through the cell?

The vesicles move through the cell by cytoskeleton which

is a tube like structure.

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 Activity B: Get the Gizmo ready:
Plant cells  Select the PLANT CELL tab, and click Sample.

Question: What functions do the organelles in a plant cell perform?

1. Label: Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

2. Compare: What structures are present in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell?

The plant cell doesn’t consist of centriole

What structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell? The animal
cell doesn’t consist of cell wall

3. Fill in: Name the organelle or organelles that perform each of the following functions.

A. phtosynthesis convert sunlight to chemical energy.

B. The cell wall , the vacuole , and the

support the plant cell and help it to maintain its shape.

C. plastids store food or pigments.

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 D. mitochondria convert food into energy. They are found in plant

and animal cells.

Get the Gizmo ready:

Activity C:
 Select the BACTERIAL CELL tab and click
Bacterial cells
Sample.

Question: How are bacterial cells different from plant and animal cells?

1. Label: Locate each organelle in the bacterial cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

2. Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its
function/description.

Capsule A. Hair-like structure that the cell uses for movement.

Nucleoid B. Hair-like structure that attaches the cell to a surface and
cantransfer genetic material from one cell to another.
Plasmid C. Region inside cell that contains genetic material but is not
Flagellum surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
D. Outermost layer of the cell that provides protection.
Pilus
E. Circular piece of genetic material.

3. Compare: What structures are present in a bacterial cell, but not in a plant or animal cell?

Plasmid, pilus , capsule, flagellum

 What structures are present in plant and animal cells, but not in a bacterial cell?

Mitochondria, nuclear membrane .ER are not present in bacteria cell

What structures inside plant and animal cells look like bacteria? Cytoplasm look alike
in all three of the different cell

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA. Long ago, these structures may have
originated as bacteria that were engulfed (eaten) by larger cells.