Assignment 4:GIS Database Construction and Management

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 Q1. Define the snapping tolerance. (Tip: Use the Index tab in ArcGIS Desktop Help.)

Snapping is the connection of one line to another. Snapping always takes place at the end of a
line. Snapping is needed for polygons, and for segment maps that represent a network (e.g. a
drainage network, or a road network). Snapping only succeeds if a point exists within the
snapping tolerance distance. In an ArcGIS editing session, snapping tolerance is the distance
within which the pointer or a feature will snap to another location, including a point, vertex,
edge, or endpoint.

Q2. Will a larger snapping tolerance give you a more accurate digitized map? Why?

A large value for the snap tolerance will make the map less accurate. For example, if we working
on a map that has irregular shapes near its boundaries, and my snapping tolerance is so large that
it overrides the boundary without actually taking the shapes in account. On the other hand,A very

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small value for the snap tolerance will make the digitizing difficult, since you have to zoom in a

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lot before you can snap.

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Q3. What other construction tools are available, besides Polygon and Auto Complete

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Polygon?
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Q4.What is the format of your downloaded file?

After visiting geo scholar and downloading data for TTC route 2014, the folder consisted of
Shapefile shape format, shapefile shape index format and shapefile attribute format. Also
another folder was downloaded and it had layer file in it.

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 Q5. Name and explain attributes that you can see in the attribute table.

Shape which is polyline.

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Q6.How many records in wpact are selected in Step 7?
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In Task 3, the main objective was to relate tables of three types of shapefile. Unlike joining
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tables, relating tables simply defines a relationship between two tables. The associated data
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isn't appended to the layer's attribute table like it is with a join. Instead, you can access the
related data through selected features or records in your layer or table. Those three types of
shapefiles were wp.shp, wpdata.dbf and wpact.dbf. First we had to relate wp and wpdata by
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right-clicking wpdata in maps tree and pointing to “joins and relate” option to choose “relate”
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category. The answer is 175.

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 Q7) How many records have the ELEVZONE value of 4?

Unlike Task 3.1 and 3.2 where we joined or related attribute data, task 3.3 was about classifying
already existing attribute data and creating a new attribute. First step was to clear selection
from previous tasks and adding a field “ELEVZONE” to wpdata shapefile. After adding field to
wpdata, we were able to see a new field with “0” value. Further, we used select by attributes
button and entered a SQL statement which accounted only elevation values that were between
“0 and 40”. Then next step was to use field calculator and give class values to this field, in this
case, it was given value “1”. By following similar steps, SQL statement was created for elevation
values between 40-45, then 45-50, with first being class 2 and latter class 3. The last class
created was “4”, which had values >50. The answer is 1.

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Q8. How many snow courses are within 40 miles of Sun Valley?
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In task 4.1, we had to select feature of two distinctive shapefiles by location. Following a similar
method as task 3, we went to attribute table of idcities.shp and chose “select by attributes”
from selection menu. The difference in this task was for SQL statement we gave city name and
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chose a unique value in expression box. The result gave us a highlighted map.
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After, we chose select by location from selection menu and instead of creating a new selection,
we selected features from snow site and used idcities as our source. The last step was to enter
amount of distance we want and choosing appropriate units.
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 Q9. Export your graph as jpeg picture and insert the graph in your report.

In the next task, we exported data from snowsite and created a new output shapefile as
svstations. To create a scatter plot for svstations, the table menu located in attribute table was
used. The graph type was then selected as scatter plot and ELEV was entered as Y value and
SWE_MAX for X value. The title was changed to Elev- SweMax. The scatterplot was linked to
attritubute table, which means if I clicked a point on graph, a corresponding record was
highlighted in attribute table accordingly.

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 Q10) How many thermal springs and wells are selected?

Task 4.3 was about combining spatial and attribute data queries between a thermal shapefile
consisting of thermal wells and springs and as well as a idroads shapefile showing major roads
in Idaho. The criteria given in this task was that a potential site that we choose must have
temperature of water greater than 60 degree Celsius and be within 2 miles of a major road.
As previously used, select by location was also go-to option for this task as well. The selection
method was choosen as select features from and thermal as target layer and idroads as source.
The distance however was changed to 2 and the units remained same as miles. The result gave
us all the thermal springs and wells located within 2 miles of major road with temperature over
60 degree Celsius.

The answer is 8

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 Q11) How many hot wells and springs are within 5 kilometers of idroads and have
temperatures above 70?

For the last part of this assignment, we had to choose a particular distance and temperature
value that corresponds between two shapefiles. Similarly to previous step we chose select by
attributes from selection menu and chose thermal as target and idroads as our source. But the
distance was changed to 5 and units to km. After we went to attribute table of thermal and used
select by attributes option, SQL statement was written as follows “ TYPE” = ‘s’ AND “TEMP” >70,
since we have to choose over 70 temperatures. The result showed as all the data that was
within 5 km range and had wells and springs over 70 degree Celsius.

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