Climate Change: What Is The Differences Between Climate Change and Global Warming ?

Climate Change
what is the differences between climate change and global warming ?

global warming refers to the idea of the rise in global temperatures due mainly to the increasing
concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. “Climate change” refers to the continues
changes in the events of climate over a long period of time – including precipitation (rainfall ,snow ,etc.),
temperature, and wind patterns.
What are the causes of climate change?

Human activity is the main cause of climate change. People burn fossil fuels. The Burning of fossil fuels
produces carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas) . It is called a greenhouse gas because it produces a
“greenhouse effect”. The greenhouse effect makes the earth warmer, just as a greenhouse is warmer
than its surroundings. Carbon dioxide is the main cause of climate change. It stays in the atmosphere
for a very long time just like any Other greenhouse gases, such as nitrous oxide. Other substances only
produce short-term effects. Not all substances produce warming. Since the start of the Industrial
Revolution, people have burned more and more fossil fuels and altered massive areas of land from
forests to farmland human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the last century the
burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide
(CO2). This happens because the coal or oil burning process combines carbon with oxygen in the air to
make CO2. To a slighter degree, the clearing of land for agriculture, industry, and other human activities
has increased concentrations of greenhouse gases. The consequences of altering the natural
atmospheric greenhouse are difficult to predict, but certain effects seem likely: On average, Earth will
become warmer. Some regions may welcome warmer temperatures, but others may not. Warmer
conditions will probably lead to more evaporation and precipitation in general, but individual regions
will differ, some becoming wetter and others dryer. A stronger greenhouse effect will warm the oceans
and partially melt glaciers and other ice, increasing sea level. Ocean water also will expand if it warms,
contributing further to sea level rise.. it's reasonable to assume that changes in the Sun's energy output
would cause the climate to change, since the Sun is the important source of energy that drives our
climate system. Indeed, studies show that solar changeability has played a role in past climate changes.
For instance, a reduction in solar activity joined with an increase in volcanic activity is believed to have
helped cause “ the Little Ice Age between approximately 1650 and 1850, when Greenland cooled from
1410 to the 1720s and glaciers advanced in the Alps”. If the warming were caused by a more active Sun,
then scientists would expect to see warmer temperatures in all layers of the atmosphere. Instead, they
have observed a cooling in the upper atmosphere, and a warming at the surface and in the lower parts
of the atmosphere. That's because greenhouse gases are trapping heat in the lower atmosphere.
Figure 1. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,

including water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane,
and nitrous oxide, absorb heat energy and release
it in all directions (including downwards), keeping
Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere warm.
Adding more greenhouse gases to the atmosphere increases the effect, making Earth’s surface and
lower atmosphere even warmer.
Greenhouse gases released by human activities change Earth’s energy balance and thus its climate.
Humans also affect climate by changing the nature of the land surfaces (for example by clearing forests
for farming) and through the emission of pollutants that affect the amount and type of particles in the
atoms Scientists have determined that, when all human and natural factors are considered, Earth’s
climate balance has been altered towards warming, with the biggest contributor being increases in CO2.
What are solutions for climate change?

Solutions for climate change by the government:
1. Decline of Fossil Fuels:
The first solution is excluding the burning of coal, oil and, eventually, natural gas. This is possibly the
most overwhelming challenge as citizen of wealthier nations eat, wear, work, play and even sleep on
the products made from such fossilized products . And citizens of developing nations want and
possibly deserve the same comforts, which cant be done since theses nations include acid rain
,smog, and bad weather conditions . There are no perfect solutions for reducing out dependence
on fossil fuels (for example, carbon neutral biofuels can increase the price of food and lead to forest
damage, and while nuclear power does not release greenhouse gases, it does produce radioactive
waste) .
2. Stop Cutting Down Trees:
Every year, 33 million lands of forests are cut down. Timber harvesting in the tropics alone
contributes 1.5 billion metric tons of carbon to the atmosphere. That symbolizes 20 percent of
human-made greenhouse gas releases and a source that could be avoided reasonably easily.
Enhanced agricultural practices along with paper recycling and the management of balancing the
amount of wood taken out with the amount of new trees growing instead can rapidly eliminate this
big amount of releases of greenhouse gases . (this can be a citizen solution )And when obtaining
wood products, such as furniture or flooring, citizens should buy wood that is specialized to have
been sustainably harvested. “The Amazon and other forests are not just the lungs of the earth, they
may also be humanity's best short-term hope for limiting climate change.”
3. .Future Fuels :
Swapping fossil fuels may prove the great challenge of the 21st century. Many challengers exist,
reaching from ethanol resulting from crops to hydrogen electrolyzed out of water, but all of them
have some disadvantages, too, and none are immediately available at the scale needed. Biofuels can
have a mass of negative impacts, from increasing food prices to using up more energy than they
produce. Hydrogen must be created, demanding either reforming natural gas or electricity to crack
water molecules. Biodiesel hybrid electric vehicles (that can plug into the grid overnight) may offer
the best transportation solution in the short term, given the energy mass of diesel and the carbon
neutral results of fuel from plants as well as the releases of electric engines. A recent study found
that the present amount of electricity generation in the U.S. could provide enough energy for the
country's entire fleet of automobiles to switch to plug-in hybrids, reducing greenhouse gas releases
in the process. But plug-in hybrids would still rely on electricity, now mostly generated by burning
dirty coal. Huge investment in low-emission energy generation, whether solar-thermal power or
nuclear fission, would be required to radically reduce greenhouse gas emissions. And even more
speculative energy sources—hyper efficient photovoltaic cells, solar energy stations in orbit or even
fusion—may ultimately be required.
Solutions for climate change by the citizens:

1. Consume Less:
The easiest way to cut back on greenhouse gas emissions is simply to buy less stuff. Whether by
forgoing an automobile or employing a reusable grocery sack, cutting back on feeding results in
fewer fossil fuels being burned to extract, products and ship products around the globe.
2. Be Efficient:
A possibly simpler and even bigger impact can be made by doing more with less. Citizens of many
developed countries are wasteful wasters of energy, whether by speeding in a gas-guzzling sport-
utility vehicle or leaving the lights on when not in a room. good car maintenance, such as making
sure tires are properly inflated—can limit the amount of greenhouse gas emissions from a vehicle
and, perhaps more importantly, lower the frequency of payment at the pump. Similarly, employing
more efficient refrigerators, air conditioners and other appliances, such as those rated highly under
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Energy program , can cut electric bills while something
as simple as weatherproofing the windows of a home can reduce heating and cooling bills. Such
efforts can also be usefully employed at work, whether that means installing more efficient turbines
at the power plant or turning the lights off when you leave the office.
3. Unplug:
U.S. citizens spend more money on electricity to power devices when off than when on. Televisions,
sound system equipment, computers, battery chargers and a lot of other gadgets and appliances
consume more energy when seemingly switched off, so citizens should unplug them instead. Buying
energy-efficient gadgets can also save both energy and money meaning the s prevent of more
greenhouse gas releases. one example, efficient battery chargers could save more than one billion
kilowatt-hours of electricity and thus stop the release of more than one million metric tons of
greenhouse gases. Swapping old radiant lightbulbs for more efficient replacements, such as
incandescent fluorescents , would save billions of kilowatt-hours. In fact, according to the EPA,
replacing just one incandescent lightbulb in every home would save enough energy to provide
electricity to three million homes.

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Climate Change

what is the differences between climate change and global warming ?

What are the causes of climate change?

Figure 1. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,

What are solutions for climate change?

2. Stop Cutting Down Trees:

Solutions for climate change by the citizens:

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