Scribd
Upload
292 views13 pages

Maxima and Minima - DPP

Maths Maxima and minima dpp.

Uploaded by

Jadoo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
292 views13 pages

Maxima and Minima - DPP

Maths Maxima and minima dpp.

Uploaded by

Jadoo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13
In each of following cases, identify if ~a is point of local maxima, minima or neither of them. @ Draw the graph of the following functions and locate the points of extrema : @ y=be=1 iy y=2- 4 [x+1] i) y= +142 br) ind the points of extrema of the function (x) = 2x2] + 5x3} xl, x<2 Let (x) = fa, x=2_, Find ‘a’ if f(x) has local a-x, x>2 maximum at x = 2. Find the points of extrema for the function y=[x-2)+)x- 6. 1. (x+ay? x<0 cosx x20 If ft) = { , find possible values of 2 such that f(x) has local maxima at x= 0. Show that f(x) = I- (x - 1)!has a critical point at x= 1, but the function has neither @ maximum nor a minimum atx= 1. The greatest integer function f(x) = [x], defined for all values of x, assumes a local maximum value of 0 at each 10. point of (0, 1), Could any of these local maximum values also be local minimum values of f? Give reasons for your answer, Ifa function fis continuous in an interval I and if f(a) > 0, £(b) <0 for some a, b in I, then prove that f has a critical point in I. Suppose fis differentiable on a, b), and P(a) k > f(b). Prove there exists ¢ € (a, b) such that f(o)=k Prove that the function 2x" —3x°— 36x + 1Ohasa maximum when x=~2, and a minimum when x= 3. Find the local maximum and minimum value of f(x) = (x - 1) (x= 2) (3). Find the local maximum and minimum value of f(s) = 2x! 21x? + 36x — 20. The graph of the derivative f' of a function fis shown (i) On what intervals is Fincreasing or decreasing? (ii) At what values of x does Fhave a local maximum or ‘minimum ? Prove that the function 4x" 18x? +27x~7 has no maxima or minima. Show that 5 is a critical point of the function a(x) =2 + (x — 5 but g does not have a local extremum, ats Find the points of local maxima or minima of the following For a certain curve gy dx ~ DR 2P 3) (K-4y Discuss the character of the curve at the points 1X=2,x=3,x=4, Prove that if at the point of a minimum there exists a right hand derivative, then itis nonnegative, and if there exists a left hand derivative, then it is non-positive. 12. . Determine the points of extremum of the function y=[Bx-1|-x |. A differentiable function {has only one critical point x= 5. Identify the relative extrema of fat the critical point if f "(4) = 2.5 and f'(6) = 3. 1/x? (> 0), ‘Show that the function “(a (xo) Basa minimum at the point x = 0, though its first derivative does not change sign when passing through this point. 13, Find the extrema of the given functions. 4, 15. Vie +2 @ y=2e-3e Gil) y=x-In( +x) Find the points of extrema of the followings functions: (i) fix) = Bx] + [2+] +/5 x) Gi) y= 2x43 x<0 4 xe (ii) (= ]x+3 Oexst 4-x xo The graph of the first derivative f ofa function fis shown. (i) On-what intervals is f increasing ? (ii) At what values of x does fhave a local maximum or minimum ? (iii) On what intervals is feoncave up ? (iv) What are the x-coordinates of the inflection points of f? 19. 20. 21. 2. Find the points of maximum and minimum of the curve for which Y _ yop 7 7 de ~~ 2) 2x ~ 3)! Bx ~ 4)* (4x ~ 5) Let f(x) = sinx (1 + cosx), x € (0, 2n). Find the number of critical points of f(x). Also identify which of these critical points are points of maxima/minima, Discuss the extremum of I+sinx, x<0 = ]a2—ntixz0 ax=0 Prove that the function has a minimum at the point x = but nota strict minimum. A certain function y = f(x) has the property that, y'=siny +2y +x, Show that ata critical point the function has a local minimum. a BS. The graph of the hirst Cerivative f of a function fis shown. (i) On what intervals is f increasing ? (ii) At what values of x does f have a local maximum or ‘minimum ? i) On what intervals is f concave up ? (iv) What are the x-coordinates of the inflection points of f? 16. Prove that the function f(x) = x!*' + x! +x + I does not have an extremum, (@&-1? = has a maximum value (x4) 2 Fp and a minimum value 0. 17. Prove that the function 18. Show that the function f, defined by f(x) =x°— 5x! +5x*—1, has a maximum value when x= 1, a minimum value when x=3 and neither when x = 22, Prove that the function x? sin?(I/x) for x #0, tw =[ 0 for x = 0. has a minimum at the point x=0 but not a strict minimum, 23. A certain function y = f(x) has the property that y'=sin y +2y +x. Show that at a critical point the function, has a local minimum. dy _ 2. positive integers, show that x = a gives neither maximum ‘nor minimum values of y, but that x=b gives a minimum. 28. Suppose fis a differentiable function with (2x -1)én(2x? —3x +2) (x-2 . Find all critical numbers of fand determine whether each corresponds to a local maximum, a local minimum or neither. 24. If (x-a)**(x—b)?""!, where n and p are fo)= 26, Find constants A, B,C and that guarantee thatthe graph 99, 1 q(x) = x!"VAX+B where A and B are positive of fix) = 3x! + Ax’ + Bx’ + Cx + D will have horizontal constants. Find all critical numbers of f and classify the tangents at (2, -3) and (0, 7). There is a third point that corresponding value of fas relative maximum, a relative has. horizontal tangent. Find this point. Then, for all three cainieauet be nedtheg points, determine whether each corresponding to a relative ‘maximum, a relative minimum or neither. 2. 3. 5. 6 Find the extrema of the function y= xV2—x? and draw its graph. Find the points of local minima of the function, f(x) = 4x) —x |x-2], x € (0, 3]. Find the values of fa’ so that f(x) = €® + (6 - 2a)e* + 6ax has all its point(s) of extremum in (0, 1). Determine the points of extrema of Aix) = fal? + |(x—b)"| Prove that the function f(x) = 3x! — 4x? + 6x? + ax +b has only one local minimum. Find the least integral value of a for which the function f(x) = 2x3 + (a + 2)x? + (a- 1)x +2 possess a negative point of local minimum. For what real values of a and b are all the extreme values of the function, f(x) = a'x? + ax” — x +b negative and the local maximum is at the point x, =~ 1? % 10. For what real values of ‘a’ are all the extrema for the 5 function fx) = ze +2ax? 9x +b are positive and the function has a Igcal maximum at the point x ~-5/9. Let fix) = > + =. Find local maximum and local ‘minimum value of f(x). Can you explain this discrepancy of locally minimum value being greater than locally maximum value? If f(x) = 4x22 2x + 1, Min{f(t):0Stsx,0 f(x), x# a, instead of f(a) > fx). 1 2 Find the extrema of the function and also find the extreme values: @ y=X@-x (i) y=x+ Vix (ii) y=x™ Find the points of extrema of the following functions 3 @ yap Bead (i) y=@-1) Ve Find the points of extrema of the following functions: (i) y=2sin x + cos 2x, x € (0, 2x] Gi) y=@-2PAx+1) ‘Suppose the derivative of the function y = f{x) is y" (x — 1? (x — 2). At what points, if any, does the graph of f have a local minimum, local maximum, or point of inflection? 5. (i) Show that both of the funetions f(x) = (x — 1)* and a(x) } — 3x? + 3x —2 have stationary points at x= |. ii) What does the second derivative test tell you about the nature of these stationary points ? (iii) What does the first derivative test tell you about the nature of these stationary points ? (Show that f(x)= I - x° and g(x) = 3x*— 8x both have stationary points at x = 0. (ii) Can we determine the nature of these stationary points using the second derivative test? Prove that ifthe graph ofa function is everywhere concave up or everywhere concave down, then this function cannot have more than one extremum. 8 Letx, be the abscissa of the point of inflection on the curve y= f(x). Will the point x, be a point of extremum for the function y = f(x)? Prove that in any twice differentiable function between two points of extremum there lies atleast one point of inflection, provided it is not a constant funetion. Taking the function y = x! + 8x + 18x? + 8 as an example, verify that between the abscissas of the inflection points of the graph of a function can be no points of extremum. 11. Find the extrema of the function and also find the extreme values () fix)= xe" ii) f= 2 49 Gil) Ax) = (iv) f(x) = = 2x42 Inx x-1 12, Find the points of extrema of the following functions: @ AR)=x(x+1P &-3P Gi) fx) = cos x + feos 2x— 50s 3x Gili) (x) = x fx (iv) f(x) = sin 3x ~3 sinx ind the points of extrema of the following functions: x2 -3x+2 x? 42x41 @ fe= Gi) fe) Git) x) -3 VR a? sec’ x +b? cosec’ x, pep a,b>0 16. 7. 18, 19. 20. oh Let f(x) = 2x - 3x2”. Prove that the function has extrema atx=0, 1 Consider the funetion f(x) = (énx)/ Vx . (Find the intervals on which f is increasing or decreasing. (ii) Find the local maximum and minimum values of f. (ii) Find the intervals of concavity and the inflection points. Suppose f" is continuous on (-20, ¢). ‘and f'(2) =—5, what can you say about £2 0, what can you say about f? x+L Find the value of x at which ffx) = F5—7" increases most rapidly. xed Use implicit differentiation to show that a function defined implicitly by sin x + cos y= 2y has a critical point whenever cos x = 0. Then use either the first or second derivative test to classify these critical points as relative ‘maxima or minima. Let fbe a function that ie differentiable at 0 and eatisfies i) fix) = fx (iv) A(x) = sin 3x 3 sin x 13, Find the points of extrema of the following functions: (t= 342 x? 42x41 (ii) fx) = a? sec? x +b? cosec? x, Faxed, a,b>0 Git) = 3 (iv) f(x) = Y(x-1?_ + Yew +1? 14, Prove that the function 10x° ~ 12x5 + 15x¢ has a minimum value when x or minima. 20x + 20 |, and no other maxima 15, Forwhata does the function x) x 1 sinx+ 5 sin3xhave an extremum atx = + ? Will itbea maximum ora minimum? +1 Tra increases P41 20. Use implicit differentiation to show that a function defined implicitly by sin x + cos y= 2y has a critical point whenever cos x = 0. Then use either the first or second, derivative test to classify these critical points as relative maxima or minima, 21, Let fe a function that is differentiable at 0 and satisfies {(1) =-1. Ify = f(x), suppose 19, Find the value of x at which f(x) = ‘most rapidly. (i) Find an equation for the tangent line to the graph of fat the point where x = | (i) Note that the origin is a eritical point. What kind of relative extremum (if any) occurs at this point ? Suppose P(c) = £"(c)=0 but f""(c) #0, Prove fle) is neither a maximum nor a minimum. Suppose P(c) = £"(c) = f""(c) = 0, but fc) > 0. Prove {{() is a minimum. Investigate the following functions for an extremum at the point x=0: (ffx) =sinx—x+x°3 Dt (ii) f= sinx —x + a elif x #0, iit) £(x) = na fate Suppose that f" is continuous and f(c) = f"(c) = 0, but P"(e)> 0, Does fhave a local maximum or minimum at ¢ ? Does have a point of inflection at e? Find the points of extremum of f(x) represented as x = 2 t+sint, y=O-3t. Show that y = tan-'(cos3sinx) has a local maximum at r x=0 and local minima at x= 1 Find the points of extrema : (y= faux! —2x? +3) il) y= fae? -3x+ 2) (iii) y = V3x? -2x° (y= pre ( y2 as Show that the odd function y = sin3x - 3sinx has a yox-3x+2 z local mininimum at x = 5 and a local maximum at x=-8, 2 If f(x) = x! ~ $x? + 10x has a local minimum at x = 2 then find the kind of extremum at the stationary point x=-2.

You might also like