1.2. Related Fields
1.2. Related Fields
II.Related fields
In addition to AI, there are several other closely related topics that
are good to know at least by name. These include machine learning,
data science, and deep learning.
Machine learning
Systems that improve their performance in a given task with more and more experience
or data.
Data science is a recent umbrella term (term that covers several subdisciplines)
that includes machine learning and statistics, certain aspects of computer science
including algorithms, data storage, and web application development. Data science
is also a practical discipline that requires understanding of the domain in which it
is applied in, for example, business or science: its purpose (what "added value"
means), basic assumptions, and constraints. Data science solutions often involve at
least a pinch of AI (but usually not as much as one would expect from the
headlines).
Robotics means building and programming robots so that they can operate in
complex, real-world scenarios. In a way, robotics is the ultimate challenge of AI
since it requires a combination of virtually all areas of AI. For example:
Note
What is a robot?
In brief, a robot is a machine comprising sensors (which sense the environment) and
actuators (which act on the environment) that can be programmed to perform
sequences of actions. People used to science-fictional depictions of robots will usually
think of humanoid machines walking with an awkward gait and speaking in a metallic
monotone. Most real-world robots currently in use look very different as they are
designed according to the application. Most applications would not benefit from the
robot having human shape, just like we don't have humanoid robots to do our
dishwashing but machines in which we place the dishes to be washed by jets of water.
It may not be obvious at first sight, but any kind of vehicles that have at least some
level of autonomy and include sensors and actuators are also counted as robotics. On
the other hand, software-based solutions such as a customer service chatbot, even if
they are sometimes called `software robots´, aren´t counted as (real) robotics.
Answered
Exercise 2: Taxonomy of AI
A taxonomy is a scheme for classifying many things that may be special cases of one
another. We have explained the relationships between a number of disciplines or fields
and pointed out, for example, that machine learning is usually considered to be a
subfield of AI.
Your task: Construct a taxonomy in the Euler diagram example given below
showing the relationships between the following things: AI, machine learning,
computer science, data science, and deep learning.
Computer science is a relatively broad field that includes AI but also other subfields such as
distributed computing, human-computer interaction, and software engineering.
Data science needs computer science and AI. However, it also involves a lot of statistics,
business, law, and other application domains, so it is usually not considered to be a part of
computer science.
Your score:
5/ 5
Answered
Consider the following example tasks. Try to determine which AI-related fields are
involved in them. Select all that apply. (Hint: machine learning involves almost always
some kind of statistics).
Note: This exercise is meant to inspire you to think about the different aspects of AI
and their role in various applications. As there are no clear-cut answers to many of
these questions, this exercise will not be included in the grading. Nevertheless, we
suggest that you do your best and try to answer as well as you can, but don't worry if
our answers will differ from yours.
Autonomous car
Autonomous cars apply a wide range of techniques to function. These include statistics,
robotics, and machine learning.
In order to steer a rocket into orbit robotics are needed to fire the engines at the right times
and with the right power.
Online ad optimization
In order to optimize ads online, machine learning and statistics are needed to deliver the
correct type of ads to the right audience, and to measure the effectiveness of the
optimization.
Your score:
3/ 5
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III. Philosophy of AI →
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