Synthesizing Sample Steps

Synthesizing
Source 1: As everyone who uses Microsoft PowerPoint knows, it is not actually used to
communicate ideas, but rather to not communicate ideas. Forget the advertisement about how
PowerPoint helps you to “organize, illustrate and deliver your ideas professionally.” It’s not
used for anything of the sort. A PowerPoint slide presentation, with its neatly ordered bullets,
generic clip art, bold, clear typeface and bright colours effectively hides the fact that you
don’t really have very much to say. Joe Jackson, 2001
Source 2: Most people use the same software for presentations and, inevitably, it makes us do
things in a similar way. Everything is reduced to a few bullet points, which makes it hard to
introduce complex ideas and guide people through a critical thinking process. PowerPoint
turns almost every presentation into something similar to a sales presentation, when that’s not
always required. Maybe the problem isn’t so much with the software as with the apparent lack
of alternatives. Selena Maranjian, 2003
Source 3: Despite PowerPoint’s bad reputation, it’s still possible to use it as a powerful tool
to enhance your presentation; just follow these three simple steps. First, stop using the
templates, they make the viewing experience boring. Second, don’t use text, fill your slides
with images and colour instead. Finally, make the audience focus on you to explain
everything in your presentation. Cliff Atkinson, 2003
Step 1: Decide what the topic is

(PowerPoint)
Step 2: Decide how to present the topic
(the usefulness of PowerPoint for presentations, for and against)
Step 3: Decide on the relationship between the writers
(writers one and two are against PowerPoint, but writer three is for it, if it is used well)
Step 4: Organize the ideas
(it’s best to present the ideas of writers one and two together, as they are similar)
Step 5: Underline the key ideas in the first paragraph you are going to use:
As everyone who uses Microsoft PowerPointknows, it is not actually used to communicate

ideas, butrather to not communicate ideas. Forget the advertisement about how PowerPoint
helps you to “organize, illustrate and deliver your ideas professionally.” It’s not used for
anything of the sort. A PowerPoint slide presentation, with its neatly ordered bullets, generic
clip art, bold, clear typeface and bright colours effectively hides the factthat you don’t really
have very much to say. Joe Jackson, 2001
Step 6: Introduce the first writer’s ideas with surname, year and a suitable verb
(e.g. Jackson (2001) claims that)
Step 7: Paraphrase the first writer’s ideas
(e.g. Jackson (2001) claims that people don’t use PowerPoint to communicate ideas; instead,
they use it to hide the fact that they don’t really have any ideas to communicate.)
Step 8: Underline the key ideas in the second paragraph you are going to use:
Most people use the same software for presentations and, inevitably, it makes us do things in
a similar way. Everything is reduced to a few bullet points, which makes it hard to introduce
complex ideas and guide people through a critical thinking process. PowerPoint turns almost
every presentation into something similar to a sales presentation, when that’s not always
required. Maybe the problem isn’t so much with the software as with the apparent lack of
alternatives. Selena Maranjian, 2003
Step 9: Introduce the second writer’s ideas

(e.g. Furthermore, Maranjian (2003) believes that
Step 10: Paraphrase that writer’s ideas

(e.g. Furthermore, Maranjian (2003) believes that because so many people use the same
software, it is inevitable that their presentations look similar. The problem may be lack of
alternatives.)
Step 11: Underline the key ideas in the third paragraph you are going to use:
Despite PowerPoint’s bad reputation, it’s still possible to use it as a powerful tool to enhance
your presentation; just follow these three simple steps. First, stop using the templates, they
make the viewing experience boring. Second, don’t use text, fill your slides with images and
colour instead. Finally, make the audience focus on you to explain everything in your
presentation. Cliff Atkinson, 2003
Step 12: Introduce the last writer’s ideas

(e.g. On the other hand, Atkinson (2003) asserts that)
Step 13: Paraphrase the last writer’s ideas
(e.g. On the other hand, Atkinson (2003) asserts that while PowerPoint has a bad reputation,
it can still be used to support presentations effectively.)
Step 14: Write a sentence to introduce the topic
Although PowerPoint is widely used to make presentations, there are conflicting ideas about
its usefulness.
Step 15: Check the completed synthesis to make sure that there are no changes of meaning.
Suggested answer
Although PowerPoint is widely used to make presentations, there are conflicting ideas
about its usefulness. Jackson (2001) claims that people don’t use PowerPoint to
communicate ideas; instead, they use it to hide the fact that they don’t really have
any ideas to communicate. Furthermore, Maranjian (2003) believes that because so
many people use the same software, it is inevitable that their presentations look similar.
The problem may be lack of alternatives. On the other hand, Atkinson (2003) asserts
that while PowerPoint has a bad reputation, it can still be used to support presentations
effectively.

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Synthesizing

Step 1: Decide what the topic is

As everyone who uses Microsoft PowerPointknows, it is not actually used to communicate

Step 9: Introduce the second writer’s ideas

Step 10: Paraphrase that writer’s ideas

Step 12: Introduce the last writer’s ideas

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