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Experiment Number 3 Potentiometer

The experiment aims to compare the EMF of a Leclanche cell and Daniel cell using a potentiometer. Connections are made between the cells, potentiometer, ammeter, and voltmeter. Observations of balancing lengths on the potentiometer are recorded for each cell. Calculations show the ratio of EMF between the Leclanche and Daniel cells is 0.929. Precautions include ensuring all positive poles are connected to the same point and the ammeter reading remains constant. Sources of error include an uncharged auxiliary battery and non-zero end resistances.

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Janjyoti Ojah
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666 views3 pages

Experiment Number 3 Potentiometer

The experiment aims to compare the EMF of a Leclanche cell and Daniel cell using a potentiometer. Connections are made between the cells, potentiometer, ammeter, and voltmeter. Observations of balancing lengths on the potentiometer are recorded for each cell. Calculations show the ratio of EMF between the Leclanche and Daniel cells is 0.929. Precautions include ensuring all positive poles are connected to the same point and the ammeter reading remains constant. Sources of error include an uncharged auxiliary battery and non-zero end resistances.

Uploaded by

Janjyoti Ojah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment Number : 3

Aim of the experiment :


To compare the EMF of two given primary cells using Potentiometer.
Apparatus required :
Potentiometer, a Leclanche cell, a Daniel cell, an ammeter, a voltmeter, a
galvanometer, a battery eliminator, a rheostat, a resistance box, a one way
key, a two way key, a jockey, connecting wires and a piece of sand paper.
Theory :
𝐸1 𝑙1
=
𝐸2 𝑙2

Where E1 and E2 are the e.m.f of two given cells and the corresponding
balancing lengths on potentiometer wire.
Circuit Diagram :

Observations :
1.Range of voltmeter = 0 – 5 Volt
Least count of voltmeter = 0.1 Volt
Zero error of voltmeter =0
2.Range of ammeter = 100 mA
Least count of ammeter = 2 mA
Zero error of ammeter =0
3.EMF of battery eliminator E = 6 Volt
EMF of Leclanche cell E1= 1.1 Volt
EMF of Daniel cell
(or EMF of another Leclanche cell ) E2= 1.2 volt
4.Table for lengths :

Serial Corrected Balance point when E1 Balance point when E2


No. of Ammeter is in the circuit is in the circuit
Obs. reading l 1 (in cm ) l 2 (in cm ) E1 l1

(in mA ) E 2 l2

Mean 1 2 Mean
1 2 l1 l2
in cm in cm
1
50 mA 576 576 576 620 620 620 0.929

2
60 mA 467 467 467 502 502 502 0.930

3
80 mA 351 351 351 378.5 378.5 378.5 0.928

5.Calculation :
𝑙1 0.929+0.930+0.928
Mean value of = = 0.929
𝑙2 3

6.Result :
𝐸1
The ratio of E.M.F. s of two cells, = 0.929
𝐸2

7.Precautions : ( Write any two )


(i) The positive poles of the battery E and positive poles of the cells E 1 , E2
should all be connected at same point.
(ii) The ammeter reading should remain constant for a particular set of
observation. If necessary, the rheostat should be adjusted for this purpose.
(ii)The EMF of the battery eliminator should be greater than the EMFs of the
two primary cells.
8.Sources of error : (Write any two )
(i)The auxiliary battery may not be fully charged.
(ii)End resistances may not be zero.
(iii)The potentiometer wire may not be of uniform area of cross section and
material density throughout its length.

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