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Chapter 7: Literal Fractions Definition:: A (b+5) A (B 2) b+5 B 2 5 ( +1) 10 ( +1) 2

This document provides definitions and examples of literal fractions, including how to simplify and perform operations on literal fractions. It defines literal fractions as fractions with expressions rather than numbers as the numerator and denominator. It gives examples of simplifying literal fractions by finding common factors. It also covers performing addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on literal fractions. Finally, it defines reciprocals of fractions and complex fractions containing fractions in both the numerator and denominator.

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aramon school
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614 views2 pages

Chapter 7: Literal Fractions Definition:: A (b+5) A (B 2) b+5 B 2 5 ( +1) 10 ( +1) 2

This document provides definitions and examples of literal fractions, including how to simplify and perform operations on literal fractions. It defines literal fractions as fractions with expressions rather than numbers as the numerator and denominator. It gives examples of simplifying literal fractions by finding common factors. It also covers performing addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on literal fractions. Finally, it defines reciprocals of fractions and complex fractions containing fractions in both the numerator and denominator.

Uploaded by

aramon school
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class: Grade 8

Teacher: Lama Al Bitar


Chapter 7: Literal Fractions
Definition:
A literal fraction is a fraction in which its terms “numerator and denominator” are formed of
expressions representing numbers.
a 3a−b
Examples: 𝑎𝑛𝑑
b c

Simplification:
Literal fractions can be simplified if both of its terms have a non-zero common factor.
Examples:
a(b+5) b+5
1) can be simplified since “a” is common factor in the both terms; we get .
a(b−2) b−2
5𝑎(𝑏+1) 𝑎
2) can be simplified since 5(b+1) is common factor in the both terms; we get .
10𝑐(𝑏+1) 2𝑐

Application 1:
Simplify the following literal fractions:
𝑎2 𝑏4
1)
𝑎3 𝑏
3𝑚(𝑛−𝑝)
2)
9(𝑛−𝑝)

𝑛2 −𝑚2
3)
𝑛−𝑚
𝑛−3𝑝
4)
3𝑛−9𝑝

Operations on fractions:
Rule Application
a c ad+cb 2 3 8+9 17
+ = for b ≠ 0 and d ≠0 3
+ =
4 12
=
12
b d bd
a c ad−cb 4 5 24−25 −1
− = for b ≠ 0 and d ≠0 5
− =
6 12 30
=
b d bd
a c a × c 𝑎𝑐 2 5 2 × 5 10 5
× = = for b ≠ 0 and d ≠0 × = = =
b d b × d 𝑏𝑑 3 6 3 × 6 18 9
a c a 𝑑 a×d 𝑎𝑑 1 3 1 4 4 2
÷ = × = = for b ≠ 0, c ≠0 and 2
÷ = × = =
4 3 3 6 3
b d b 𝑐 b×c 𝑏𝑐
d ≠0
Application 2:
Perform each of the following fractions:
1 3
1) +
7 4
9 3
2) −
4 2
15 2
3) ×
2 5
8 4
4) ÷
3 9

Reciprocal of a literal fraction


𝑏
• Let a and b be two non-zero numbers, then, the fraction is called the reciprocal of the
𝑎
𝑎
fraction .
𝑏
2 5
Example: is reciprocal of .
5 2

• The product of a fraction with its reciprocal is1.


a b a×b 𝑎𝑏
× = = =1
b a b×a 𝑎𝑏

Example:
2 5 2×5 10
× = = =1
5 2 2×5 10

Complex fractions
A fraction is complex when at least one of its terms is a fraction.
𝑎
𝑏 a c a 𝑑 a × d 𝑎𝑑
𝑐 = ÷ = × = = for b ≠ 0, c ≠0 and d ≠0
b d b 𝑐 b × c 𝑏𝑐
𝑑

Examples:
1
4 1 3 1 5 5
1) = ÷ = × =
3
4 5 4 3 12
5
3 3
4 4 3 8 3 1 3
2) = 8 = ÷ = × =
8 4 1 4 8 32
1

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