FM-AA-CIA-15 Rev.

0 10-July-2020

Study Guide in BAC 101 – HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Module No. 3

STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. ___

3

THE STAGES OF THE EMPLOYMENT CYCLE

MODULE OVERVIEW

Human resource management involves a process of enabling the organization to have the right people,
doing the right jobs at the right time. This is in line with the challenges facing managers in staffing organizations.
It is about planning for the number and quality of employees required under different job categories and to make
sure that employment processes are effective.

This module emphasizes the employee lifecycle model (ELC) which is a method used to visualize how
the employee engages with the organization they are a part of.

According to the ELC model, this ongoing relationship has three stages: Pre-Hiring, Hiring, and Post-
Hiring stage. Furthermore, the emerging trends affecting Human Resource Management were also
incorporated.

MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of this Module, you should be able to:

1. Discuss the stages of employment cycle.

2. Identify contemporary issues in human resource management.
3. Enumerate and explain the emerging trends in human resource management.

LEARNING CONTENTS (Pre-Hiring, Hiring, and Post-Hiring)

There are three stages of the employment cycle:

1. The Pre-Hiring Stage

This stage includes two important HRM practices, namely, human resource planning (HRP)
and job analysis. These practices set the foundation for other HRM practices.

Let us now define the two HRM practices under this stage.

HRP is the process of systematically reviewing human resource requirements to ensure that the number
of employees matches the required skills.

Job analysis is a methodical way of collecting, interpreting, and storing information about specific jobs.
This information will help identify the content of the work as well as the worker requirements needed to
perform the job.

2. The Hiring Stage

This stage comprises recruitment and selection practices. It deals with policies and procedures
used by organizations to fill an open position due to resignation, retirement, job abandonment,
promotion, or transfer. Recruitment serves as a tool to locate and entice job seekers who are eligible
for the job. This could be internal or external source of recruitment. On the other hand, selection is
choosing the best and the most qualified candidate from the pool of applicants.

3. The Post-Hiring Stage

The aim of this stage is to implement HRM practices that will improve and sustain employee
work performance level. This include the following:
a. training and development

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Study Guide in BAC 101 – HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Module No. 3

b. performance appraisal
c. compensation and benefits
d. employee safety and health
e. separation

The ELC model is based on the idea that companies should design the employee experience as carefully as
their customer’s experience. Thus the reason why the ELC resembles -to some degree – the customer journey.

“Employee engagement should be a mindset, not a program that starts and stops when morale is low.
Unfortunately, many large organizations don’t have a true pulse on the value of their engagement. They need
to effectively turn engagement data into meaningful intelligence at the department and individual manager level
to help employees recognize their contributions to the business.”
Scott Ahlstrand, Right Management’s Global Practice Leader for Employee Engagement (Manpower)

If your business continues to have escalated disputes, it may be time to review your employee
management capability and systems and the below outline may assist in that determination.

➢ Like many other areas of life and business, people and employees have a unique life cycle.
➢ The employment cycle involves the stages employees go through and the role HR or similar support
takes on during those stages.
➢ Each stage of the employee cycle has its own challenges, opportunities, and benefits. For instance, if
your small business is experiencing excessive employee turnover, it’s likely that the Motivation stage
of the employee cycle needs attention. If an employee’s skills aren’t improving, you will want to address
the Evaluation stage.
➢ When there’s a breakdown at any stage of the cycle, you need to take the necessary steps to correct
the problem so both your employees and your business continues to grow.

For further reading about the employment cycle stages, you may read the book Human Resource
Management by Ferrer, et.al, pages 21-31 or you may search for these sites:
https://www.starmeup.com/blog/en/organizational-culture/employee-lifecycle/
https://tha.asn.au/news/the-5-stages-of-the-employment-cycle
https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-hiring-process-types-of-recruiting-strategies.html

LEARNING CONTENTS (Current Trends in HRM)

The next topic will be about the Current Trends in HRM.

Modern business is facing the rapid and unrelenting growth of artificial intelligence, and the majority of
respondent companies in the 2019 Deloitte Global Human Capital Trends survey report that not only do they
need to rethink their capabilities to learn, but they also need to reinvent their workforce experience to enhance
efficiency and reconsider how they develop leaders. These are shifts that need to be explored to avoid HR
process stagnation, so let’s dive into more of the latest in human resources management.

Human resource management is not just about recruitment, selection, and compensation. Situations
and other consequences outside the control of an organization could have widespread influence on various
HRM practices.

Here are some factors that may have greater influence on HRM practices:

1. Workplace cultural diversity

2. “Repurposing” Your Human Capital
3. Using technology to recruit
4. Reinventing Talent Acquisition
5. HR Analytics
6. Artificial Intelligence
7. Tremendous growth of part-time and temporary employees
8. Globalization

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Study Guide in BAC 101 – HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Module No. 3

9. Work from home trend

For further reading on this topic, please search for these links:
https://www.greenhouse.io/blog/focus-on-the-latest-trends-in-human-resources-management
https://www.educba.com/hr-management-trends/

SUMMARY

➢ The pre-hiring stage includes two important HRM practices: human resource planning and job analysis.
➢ Job analysis is a methodical way of collecting, interpreting, and storing information about specific jobs.
This information will help identify the content of the work as well as the worker requirements needed to
perform the job.
➢ The post-hiring stage aims to implement HRM practices that will improve employees’ wrok performance
level.
➢ Human resource management is not just about recruitment, selection, and compensation. It is also
concerned with the social, economic, and technological consequences that are beyond the control of
organizations.
➢ There are emerging trends affecting HRM such as workplace cultural diversity, “repurposing” human
capital, reinventing talent acquisition, HR analytics, artificial intelligence, globalization, and work
arrangement trends.

REFERENCES

Lauron, D.P. (2019). Human Resources Management (Principles and Practices). Manila, Philippines: Rex
Bookstore.

Diamante, M. M. (2015). Managing Human Resources Local and Global Perspectives (Outcomes-Based
Learning). Manila, Philippines: C&E Publishing, Inc.

Ferrer, M.P., et.al. (2015). Human Resource Management. Manila, Philippines:, Unlimited Books
Library Services and Publishing Inc.

Electronic Sources:

The 5 Stages of The Employee Lifecycle

Retrieved from:
https://www.starmeup.com/blog/en/organizational-culture/employee-lifecycle/

12 HR Trends for 2020

Retrieved from:
https://hrtrendinstitute.com/2019/11/26/12-hr-trends-for-2020/

Focus on the latest trends in human resources management

Retrieved from:
https://www.greenhouse.io/blog/focus-on-the-latest-trends-in-human-resources-management

10 Latest HR Management Trends for the year 2020

Retrieved from:
https://www.educba.com/hr-management-trends/

The Hiring Process: How Human Resource Managers Recruit and Hire Employees
Retrieved from:
https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-hiring-process-types-of-recruiting-strategies.html

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