Handout 11a .

- ANSWERS
Hypothetical or Unreal Present and future conditional review.-
Unreal conditional (2nd). Hypothetically speaking (about now or the future). It´s not real.

If + verb in subjunctive (past simple),,, would/ could/ might or may + verb base
was / were verb-ing ( past continuous)

(-) didn´t + verb base

wasn´t /weren´t verb-ing

PRACTICE 1.- Use of COULD ( options, possibilites) . if.. we could go to the movies, to have
dinner or watch Netflix
Use WOULD 2 times (WOULD= 100% sure of my hypothetical decisión).
Use of MIGHT= when you are not 100% sure of your decisión, not sure, probably)

1. If I found (find) a purse in the street, I could look for (look for) an ID and return it or I could _LEAVE IT
THERE. __
2. If I _SAW__(see) somebody that was robbing a store, I could _CONTINUE___(continue) my way,
or I could __SHOUT___ (shout) at them, but definitely, I _WOULDN´T FIGHT__(- fight) with them .
3. If I _SAW_ (see) some girls bullying another one, I _COULD TELL___( can tell) the director or
coordinator, or I _COULD TELL _(can tell) them to stop doing it.
4. If some girls _WERE BULLYING_(are bullying) me, I _WOULD PUNCH__ (punch) both of them.(grrr!!)
5. I f I _FORGOT_(forgot) my house keys and __COULDN´T GET___(can´t get in ) the house, I _COULD CALL
A locksmith or I COULD CALL my mom._

PRACTICE 2. The first sentence is the real situation. The 2nd sentence is hypothetically speaking ( not
real).
(+) If  + verb subjunctive (past simple),  would / could / might + verb base
was/ were+ verb+ing (past continuous)

(-) If  didn´t + verb base,  would / could / might + verb base

weren´t + verb-ing  would be + verb-ing

1 I don´t have a house in the beach. If I had a house in the beach, I would go there very often

2, I don´t work. If I WORKED, I WOULD HAVE EXTRA MONEY FOR ME.

3. I don´t live in a ranch . If I LIVED IN A RACH, I WOULD HAVE A HORSE FOR ME.

4. I can´t speak another language If I COULD SPEAK ANOTHER LANGUAGE, I WOULD LEARN CHINESE

besides English.

NEGATIVE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5. I´m doing hw. I can´t watch Netflix now. If I WEREN´T DOING HW , I COULD BE WATCHING

6. I smoke. I´m always sick. If I DIDN´T SMOKE, I WOULDn`t ALWAYS BE SICK.

7. I drink a lot of coke. I can´t sleep at night. If I DIDN´T DRINK SO MUCH COKE, I WOULD BE SLEEP BETTER.

8. I have an exam tomorrow I can´t go out tonight. If I DIDN´T HAVE AN EXAM TOMORROW, I WOULD

GO OUT TOMORROW.
PRACTICE 3 . Unreal conditional- Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb :

IF 😊 verb in past … 😊 would+ verb base.

wasn´t/weren´t..
didn´t + verb base

1.If I had (have) more free time, I would read (read) more.

2. If she SPOKE __(speak) English better, she _WOULD HAVE _ (have) more opportunities.

3. __WOULD you __LIVE _ (live) in an apartment if you __COULD___ (can)?

4. If I _PLAYED__ (play) the guitar, I __WOULD _join _ (join) a band.

5. Adam __WOULD ASK _ (ask) her to marry him, IF he _HAD _ (have) a better job.

Formula- Unreal conditional (2nd). Hypothetically speaking (about now

or the future). It´s not real. We are just hypothetically speaking about now or
future.

(+) If  + verb past simple (subjunctive), 😊 would + verb infinitive ( without “to”)
😊 would + be + adjective
was/ were+ verb+ing (=past continuous) 😊 would be + verb-ing

If I lived in the Us, I would speak English everyday. ( I don´t live in the US)
If I were you, I would go to the party.
If I worked and studied, I would be tired at the end of the day..

(-) If  didn´t + verb base,

wasn´t/ weren´t

wasn´t / weren´t + verb-ing

If I didn´t have any brothers and sisters, I would feel lonely.

If I weren´t studying Architecture, I would be studying Civil Engin

HW- Using the structures: check book p 175 ex 3.

1 I don´t exercise, so I´m not very fit Note: exercise ( verb) or do exercise ( noun)

If I EXERCISED more I _would be_ fitter.

2 She doesn´t have his number, so she can´t call him.

If she ___ his number, she _______ him.

3. You´re tired because you don´t get enough sleep.

You _________ tired if you ____ enough sleep.

4. He doesn´t study, so he won´t pass his exams.

If he _____, he ______ his exams.

5. I´m sick, so I can´t go to work.

If I _____ sick, I ______ to work.

ANSWERS

1 I don´t exercise, so I´m not very fit Note: exercise ( verb) or do exercise ( noun)

If I EXERCISED, I WOULD BE fitter.

2 She doesn´t have his number, so she can´t call him.

If she HAD his number,, she WOULD CALL him.

3. You´re tired because you don´t get enough sleep.

You WOULDN´T BE tired if you GOT enough sleep..

4. He doesn´t study, so he won´t pass his exams.

If he STUDIED, he WOULD PASS his exams.

5. I’m sick, so I can´t go to work.

If I WEREN´T sick, I WOULD GO to work.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

HW - Check book p 118 ex 6. (OJO): the sentence can begin with IF+ verb past or with 😊 WOULD+ verb
base.

1. I _______ (consider) training as an astronaut if I ____ (have) the right qualifications.

1. I WOULD CONSIDER (consider) training as an astronaut if I _HAD_ (have) the right qualifications.

2 I ____(pay) be a space tourist if it _____(not/be) so expensive.

2. I _______(pay) be a space tourist if it ______(not/be) so expensive.

3. Being in space ____(be) OK if you ____ (be able to) have Skype chats with people on Earth.
3. Being in space ____ (be) OK if you ____ (be able to) have Skype chats with people on Earth.

4. Even if we ____ (find) Earth-like planets, we_____(not/be able to) travel there.
4. Even if we ____ (find) Earth-like planets, we_____(not/be able to) travel there.
 5. If I ____ (be ) on a long space journey, I ___ (miss) my family.
5. If I ____ (be ) on a long space journey, I ___ (miss) my family.

6. What __ (happen) if you ____(not / get along) well with the rest of the crew (team) on a
spacecraft?
6 .What ___ (happen) if you ____(not / get along) well with the rest of the crew (team) on a
spacecraft?

ANSWERS.- P 118 EX 6.-

1. I _______ (consider) training as an astronaut if I ____ (have) the right qualifications.

1. I WOULD CONSIDER (consider) training as an astronaut if I HAD (have) the right qualifications.

2. I ____(pay) be a space tourist if it _____(not/be) so expensive.

2. I WOULD PAY TO (pay) be a space tourist if it WASN´T / WEREN´T_(not/be) so expensive.

3. Being in space ____(be) OK if you____ (be able to) have Skype chats with people on Earth.
3. Being in space WOULD BE (be) OK if you WERE ABLE TO (be able to) have Skype chats with people on Earth.

4. Even if we ____ (find) Earth-like planets, we____(not/be able to) travel there.
Even if we _FOUND (find) Earth-like planets, we_WOULDN´T BE ABLE TO_(not/be able to) travel there.

If I ____(be ) on a long space journey, I ___ (miss) my family.

5. If I WAS / WERE (be ) on a long space journey, I WOULD MISS_ (miss) my family.

5. What __ (happen) if you ____(not / get along) well with the rest of the crew (team) on a spacecraft?
6. What WOULD HAPPEN (happen) if you _DIDN´T GET ALONG_(not / get along) well with the rest of the crew
(team) on a spacecraft?
Definition: Passport control (Control de pasaporte).- An area, for example in
an airport or a railway station, where your passport is checked when you go
from one country to another.
Noun (uncountable)
Example: She was stopped by a passport control officer and taken to an
interrogation room.
I need to leave is correct.

I would love to travel is correct. I changed the exercise but forgot to change the answer.

I want to, have to, need to + verb base.

…for , about, in (prepositions) + verb-ing: He was interested in improving .

Thank you for taking care of me.

…. worried about NOT FINISHING

Adjective + to ….:

It´s difficult to hear…

After phrases: can´t stand, don´t mind...+ verb-ing. ( we are talking about the activity
itself). Except can´t afford to + verb base..

I can´t stand wearing a facemask all day.

enjoy, recommend/ suggest + verb-ing (when you talk about the activity itself):

His friend recommended attending a school…

I enjoy dancing- disfruto el baile or el bailar.

GO + VERB-ING:

Go shopping, go fishing, ….

Verbs that refer to LIKE, accept both: I like to go, I like going.

Verbs that refer to “LIKE” ACCEPT BOTH, but if you use “WOULD” , ONLY: to+ verb:

Would like to go, would love to go…

Manage = can, but it takes a lot of effort to do it.

Exception: can, will, may, could, would, might, should , must + verb inf (without “to”)

Verb-ing as the subject in the sentence: Getting a job is not easy.

Remember, there are 2 options: to + verb base form or verb-ing, but not the 2 options together:

To stay or staying, but not “to staying”.

The sentence: easy to criticize is correct because you didn´t write the Word criticize correctly.

I considered 50% where you put to ´verb-ing this time because I think you were confused the
complete time.
•
• 51242 - PARTIAL 2 PICTURAMA VOCABULARY UNIT 8ª, 8b and 8d
• According to your list No. you will look for 1 or 2 vocabulary words
and include picturama in Google Drive.
• 0. Name and Hw #
• 1. Specify if it´s VOC 8a, 8b, or 8d.
• 2. NUMBER of the voc. word and picture that represents the word.
• 3. Word in English (include: to+v or v+ing according to your word )
• 4. Translation in parenthesis
• 5. Definition (short, clear, in English. If there is a difficult Word, put it in
• Spanish in parenthesis)
• 6. Say if it´s a Noun? Verb? or Adj?
• 7. Copy paste a sentence using the new vocabulary word.Highlight the
word.
• 8. Upload to the drive in the correct space (8ª, 8b, 8d) and in order:
1,2,3….
• NOT NECESSARY TO UPLOAD IN ASSIGNMENTS.
•
• UNIT 8 A p 93, 94, 95
• Unit 8A
• 1 flight
• 2 luggage (baggage) vs suitcase
• 3 a day trip
• 4 to take it easy
• 5 sightseeing
• 6 hiking
7 to lie (on the beach)
• 8 boardgames
9 paragliding
Unit 8ª VERB +INFINITVE (TO + VERB )
• 10 can´t afford (to+ v) (no poder permitirse, costearse, darse el lujo
de)
• 11 to hope (to+ v)
• 12 to expect (to+ v) (wait for something to happen with
expectation)
• 13 to intend (to+ v) (to have the intention to)
• 14 to refuse (to+ v)
15 to threaten (to+ v)
• 16 to fail (to +v)

Unit 8ª VERB + GERUND (verb+ing)

• 17 to feel like (v+ing) (sentirse con ganas de)
• 18 to kind of like (v+ing) (more or less like ..)
• 19 to not mind (don´t mind) (v+ing) (don´t have an inconvenience, a
problem with)
• 20 to avoid (v+ing)
• 21 can´t stand (v+ing) ( can´t tolerate, can´t soportar)
• 22 can´t help (v+ing) (can´t stop /control doing something, like
an
• addiction)
• 23 to be into something (to be very interested in)
• 24 to deny (v+ing) (don´t admit = opposite of admit)
• 25 to keep (v+ing) (continue)
26 to regret (v+ing) (lament)
27 to involve(v+ing)
28 to enjoy (v+ing)
29 to apologize for (v+ing) ( to say you are sorry for something )
30 to look forward to (v+ing) ( to want something to happen soon)
31 to give up (v+ing) (to quit, stop, rendirse )
VOCABULARY 8 B ( only 4 words)
32 to trek/ a trek (travesía: long and difficult journey or trayecto)
33 to survive
34 a poacher (illegal hunter)
35 to dig
a conservationist (no picturama necessary)

VOCABULARY 8 D (p 100)
36 a trip (noun)
37 to travel (verb)
38 journey (trayecto: getting from place A to B)
39 delay (for example: flight delay) - ( noun= retraso, demora)
40 to be delayed ( adj.= demorado, retrasado)
41 baggage allowance (allow = permit. Weight or size of suitcase
allowed)
42 customs checks- (area where they check luggage: “aduana”)
43 travel sickness (when you feel you want to vomit on a plane, bus..)
travel documents (not necessary to do picturama for this word)
44 food poisoning (sickness when the food has bacteria)
45 schedule
46 boarding pass
47 car rental (Hertz, Avis,…)
48 passport control
49 arrivals vs (verb: arrive; noun: arrival )
50 departures (verb: departs/ leaves at 5 pm; noun: departure)

Vocabulary # - Student
1,2 Bautista 27, 28 López 48 Sosa
3,4 Cabrera 29, 30 Maya 49 Suárez
5,6 Cardeña 31, 32 Moreno 50 Velazquez
7,8 Carrizales 33, 34 Muñoz
9,10 Cruz 35, 36 Ortega
11, 12 Cuevas 37, 38 Pohlenz
13, 14 Espinosa 39, 40 Pool
15, 16 García 41, 42 Que
17, 18 Guzmán 43 Ramírez
19, 20 Hernández C. 44 Ramos
21, 22 Hernández G. 45 Rocha
23, 24 Hernández Lanz 46 Rodríguez
25, 26 Hipólito 47 Ruiz

Unit 8ª
8ª Cecilia Espinosa Hw “11”
2. luggage ( maleta) vs suitcase

picture
Definition: Luggage (baggage).- Your luggage is all the suitcases and bags
you take on a trip. Suitcase (maleta: countable), luggage ( equipaje :
uncountable)
Noun (uncountable)
Copy paste an Example: When you are at the airport you must not leave your
luggage unattended. They can steal it.
8ª Luis Cabrera - Hw 11
3. A day trip

Definition: A journey or excursion completed in one day

Noun
Example: "You can take a day trip to Chichen Itza"
8ª Luis Cabrera - Hw 11
4. To take it easy

Definition: To realize something of manner relaxed and calmly.

Verb
Example: “You might want to take it easy on the booze after your latest
incident.”
Cabrera, what is booze? You can write the word in spanish in parenthesis
8ª Joaquín Cradeña - Hw 11
5. sightseeing (turismo) - verb

Definition: Recreational activity that consists of traveling or touring a country

or place for pleasure.
Example: I did sightseeing in Argentina 3 years ago
8ª Joaquín Cradeña - Hw 11
6. hiking (senderismo) - verb

Definition: Sports or tourist activity that consists of walking routes or trails

through the countryside or the mountains.
Example: I like hiking because I go with my friends

Example: “You might want to take it easy on the booze after your latest
incident.”
8ª Rodrigo Cruz - HW 11
9. Paragliding (Parapente) - Noun

Definition: Paragliding (Parapente).- A sport resembling (parecido a) hang

gliding (Ala Delta, un deporte similar), in which a person jumps from an
aircraft or high place wearing a wide (amplio), rectangular, steerable
parachute.
Example: “Paragliding and Fishing can be enjoyed in summer”
8ª Rodrigo Cruz - HW 11
10. Can’t afford (No poder permitirse, costearse, darse el lujo de) - Verb

Definition: Can´t afford (to buy) .- If you can’t afford something, you do not
have enough money to pay for it.
Example: “We can't afford to go on vacation this year.”

8ª Miguel Cuevas - HW 11
11.- To hope (esperanza, ilusión)

Definition: A feeling of expectation and desire for a certain thing to happen.

Example: Thank you for your support and I hope to see everybody soon.

8ª Miguel Cuevas - HW 11
12.- To expect (esperar, contar con)
Definition: to think or believe something will happen, or someone will arrive:
Example: I expect punctuality from my students.

8ª Diego Espinosa - HW 11
13. To intend (pretender)

Definition: is defined as to plan to or design for

Example: So what does she intend to do?

14. To refuse (rehusar, negarse)

Definition: to show or express unwillingness to do or comply with

to not allow someone to have or do something.
Example: When they offered me the money, I couldn't refuse.

Unit 8ª VERB + GERUND (verb+ing) Gerardo Hernández Lanz

24. To be into something

Definition: To be into something.- If you're into something, it means you really

like it. 'I'm into listening to music.
Noun (uncountable)
Copy paste an Example: My kids are completely into Dora the Explorer.
I've bought all the DVDs.

23. To deny (v+ing) Gerardo Hernández Lanz

Definition: To deny.-State that one refuses to admit the truth or existence of.
Noun (uncountable)
Copy paste an Example: It was getting harder and harder to deny what she felt
toward him
27. to involve (V+ing) Juan Francisco Lopez Abarca

Definition: of a situation or event include something as necessary part of

result.
Example: She involved him in the decision making process because of his
experience

28. to enjoy (V+ing) Juan Francisco Lopez Abarca

Definition: take pleasure in, have as a benefit.

Example: I enoy watching rugby, but i have never played it myself.
29. To apologize for
verb
definition: to offer a defense or excuse or admission of fault for (something)
—used in negative statements She doesn't apologize for her lifestyle.
example: I am more than willing to apologize for my behavior.

30. TO LOOK FORWARD TO

meaning: await something eagerly. ( THIS IS IMPOSSIBLE TO UNDERSTAND. Can you write
a translation in parenthesis or look for another definition please?)
example: I'm looking forward to seeing the new movie on Friday.

Unit 8ª
Hw 11- Vannya Rebeca García de la Torre
15. to threaten (amenazar)- Verb (to+v)

Definition: to say that you will harm someone or do something unpleasant or

unwanted especially in order to make someone do what you want.
to be a threat to (someone or something).

Example: The mugger threatened him with a gun. (el Atacador lo amenazó con
una pistola).

Unit 8ª
Hw11- Vannya Rebeca García de la Torre

16. To fail (fallar)- (to +v) - verb

Definition: If you fail to do something that you were trying to do, you are unable to
do it or do not succeed in doing it.

Example: You didn't fail me. (No me fallaste).

Unit 8ª
Hw11- Ana Maury Hernández

19. To not mind (no importa)- (to +v) - verb

Definition:

Unit 8ª
Hw11- Daylee Miranda Hernandez Guerrero

21. 21 can´t stand (v+ing)

Definition: Thoroughly dislike; be unable to put up with something or someone.

For example, I can't stand the sight of her; she's obnoxious, or I can't bear to leave
the country, or I can't stomach a filthy kitchen.

Example: I can't stand looking at myself in the mirror.

What is the meaning of thoroughly? put up? can´t bear? Please include a
translation of the word in parenthesis.
Unit 8ª
Hw11- Daylee Miranda Hernandez Guerrero

22. can´t help (v+ing)

(
Definition: When someone says “I can't help it,” or "I can't help doing it,” it's a way
of saying that they don't want to do a particular thing because they know it's not
good, but they can't stop themselves from doing it.

Example: I can't help smiling when I see her.

8𝑎 Jimena Moreno - HW#11

31. To give up (rendirse)- (verb+ing)

Definition: Cease making an effort.

Verb

Example: I work too much on this project to give up now.

Unit 8b
8𝑏 Jimena Moreno- HW#11
32. To trek/ a trek (travesía o trayecto)

Definition: A long arduous journey, especially one made on foot.

Verb
Example: We planned a trek in the mountain.

8𝑏 Ian Roberto Muñoz Hernandez Hw#11

To survive (Sobrevivir)

Definition: Stay alive after the death of a person or after a certain event or
time, especially if they are dangerous.
Example: I survived a bear attack in Siberia
A poacher (Cazador furtivo)

Definition: Person who hunts without the corresponding

authorization, authorization or license or does so illegally in
methods and parts.
Example: el cazador furtivo ataco a la mama de bambi y por eso
bambi se quedo con su papa sola

Unit 8d
Grettel Pohlenz - Hw 11
37.- To travel (verb - viajar)

Definition: go from one place to another, typically over a distance of some

length.
Example: It’s better to travel hopefully than to arrive.

38.- Journey

Definition: the act of travelling from one place to another, especially in a

vehicle.
Example: We broke our journey (= stopped for a short time) in Jacksonville
before travelling on to Miami the next day.

Unit 8d

Jesús Cuauhtémoc Que Vera HW #11 (41 and 42)

41.- Baggage allowance (allow = permit. Weight or size of suitcase allowed)

Definition:
A baggage allowance, also known as a baggage policy, is the baggage restriction
per passenger on a flight. Each airline sets their own baggage allowance, with
restrictions on size, weight and amount of pieces for both checked luggage and
hand luggage.

Example: Take advantage of a 20kgs excess baggage allowance.

42.- Customs checks (area where they check luggage: “aduana”)

Definition:methods of surveillance to identify and deter evasion of customs checks

and also to identify materials that pose wider security risks.

Example: I am adept at performing custom checks of all kinds of vehicles, including

checking tire pressures and fluid levels

8D Sofía Rocha Victoria HW11

43.travel sickness(enfermedad de viajero )

Definition:a feeling of sickness caused by the motion of a car, airplane, boat,
etc.dizziness, vomiting, and headache
Example: traveling for a long time causes you to have Travel sickness,dizziness,
vomiting, and headache
8D Brian Ramirez Arriaga Hw11

43.Travel documents:information about travel documents

requirements.(Documentos de viaje)

Example:Passport and visa are important travel papers to go to the United States.
8D: Brain Ramirez Arriaga Hw11

45. Schedule (horario/programa de actividades)

Definition: 1. A plan of activities or tasks together with the times or dates
when they are intended to happen or be done.
Noun
Example: The official schedule of the event will appear on the website.

46.Boarding pass (pase de abordar) Noun

Definition: A card that a passenger must have in order to be allowed to get on an

aircraft or a ship.

Example: Generally a passenger with an electronic ticket will only need a boarding pass.
HW 11 - SEBASTIAN RODRIGUEZ

47. Car rental (Alquiler de coches)

Definition:A car rental, hire car, or car hire agency is a company that rents automobiles for
short periods of time to the public, generally ranging from a few hours
noun
Example: Car rental is the activity or process of renting a car.
Arantxa Ruiz Lastra

8D Jenifer Sosa- HW 11
48. Passport control (Control de pasaporte)

Unit 8a Reading voc. Vacations and Memory page 94 vocabulary .

1. Luggage or baggage (uncountable) = 1,2, 3..4 suitcases + 2 bags

 2. sightseeing
The activity of visiting interesting places for tourists.
To see sights (important or famous places) = el ver los atractivos turísiticos)
I love music. I love sightseeing (to visit interesting places )

3. hiking.- the activity of going for long walks in the countryside.

I like hiking when the weather is not too hot.

4. to lie on the beach.- to be in or move into a horizontal position on a surface:

The boy is lying on the sand / beach.

Lucy Chan

1. To step off – To get off the train ( bajar)

2. The CROWD.- TOO many people in a small area.
3. When it´s your birthday, we light candles.
To light: to illuminate— lit ( past of light)
Be lit= be illuminated
Brightly lit SIGNS= ANUNCIOS brillantemente iluminados

4. To swing:
4- IN SPITE OF = A PESAR DE

IN SPITE OF THE RAIN, WE WENT TO THE BEACH.

5.- A STALL = A STAND

6- PHRASEBOOK- DICTIONARY WITH PHRASES

LIZ MULLAN

1. To head north = to GO to the north

2. A Cliff = La Quebrada in Acapulco is a Cliff - ACANTILADO

 3- to blow a balloon
To blow me off- Too much wind can blow me off.

4- to sail (navegar)- to sail on a sailboat = name of the sport: sailing

3 sails

5. Walk along the coast- Caminar A lo largo de la costa

FRANK ROSELLINI
1. To manage = CAN= to be able to do something, BUT IT TOOK A BIG EFFORT. It WAS
DIFFICULT.
I forgot my house keys inside the house, but I managed to enter through the window

2. SAUSAGE