QUESTION

Kalpesh Singh Rao | [email protected]

1. Friend Function in C++ ?

 Definition :- Friend Function Ek Esa Function Hai Joh Class Ka Member Na Hote Hue Bhi
Us Class Ke private aur Protected Data Member Aur Function Ko Access Karata Hai.
 Syntax :-
o Friend return-type Function Name ( Class Object) { body }
 Friend Function Ko Ham Class Ke Andar Declare Karenge Friend Keyword Ke Sath Me.
 Freind Function Joh Hai Voh Ek Ya Ek Se Jayada Class Ka Friend Ban Skata Hai.
 With Example Code :-
o #include< iostream>
o Using Namespace std;
o Class A
o {
o Int A,B;
o Public:
o Void Input ()
o {
o Count << “ Enter Value: “ ;
o Cin >> a >> b;
o }
o Friend void add(a ob);
o };
o Void add( A ob)
o {
o Int c;
o C= ob.a + ob.b;
o Count << “SUM=” <<C;
o }
o Int Main ()
o {
o A kk;
o Kk.input();
o Add(kk);
o Return 0;
o }

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 2. Inline Function :-
 Inline Function Request Karta Hai Compiler Se Ki Hamare Function Ko Inline
Treat Kare.
 Yeh Reduce Karata Hai Overhead Function ke Calling ke andar.
 Agar Compiler Kisi Function Ko As a Inline Function Treat Karata Hai toh
Voh Function Hota Hai Voh Ek Hi Line Me Separate Kar Deta Hai.
 Agar Inline Function Me Ek Se Jayada Instruction De dete Hai toh Yeh
Inline Function Treat Nhi Kiya Jaata Hai.
 Syntax :-
 Inline return-type function name()
 {
 ---------------- // Single Instruction
 }
 Program :-
 #Include <iostream.h>
 #Include<conio.h>
 Inline Void fun()
 {
 Count<<” Hello C++ ” ;
 }
 Void Main() {
 Clrscr();
 Fun();
 Getch();
 }

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 3. Function Overloading ?
 C++ Me ek se jayada ek jaisi name ke function ko Use Kiya Jaata Hai
 Leking C Ke Andar Iska Use Nhi Ho Sakta.
 Ek Program Me Ek Se Jayada Ek Hi Name Ke Function Istemal Karna
Function Overloading Kahete Hai.
 Ek Function Ko Dusri Baar Pahele Jaisa Use Nhi Kiya Jaa Sakta

#include <iostream.h>
using namespace std;
void func();
void func(int);
void func(float);
void func(int, float);
void func(int, float, int);
int main()
{
int x = 10;
float y = 3.14;
int z = 20;
func();
func(x);
func(y);
func(x, y);
func(x, y, z);
return 0;
}
void func(){
cout<<"Hello World!"<<<"value="" of="" a="" :="" "<<a<<<c<<="" pre=""
style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Noto Sans";">

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 4. What Is Constructure and Destructure ? Explain with
Example.
 Constructure Point
 Joh Hamara Class Ka Name Rahega Vahi Hamare Constructure ka Name
Rahega Constructure ek special type of function hai.
 Isme Jab Class Ka Object Declare Karenge toh Constructure
Automatically call Ho Jayega.
 Class Ka Joh Return Type Hoga Vahi Hamara Constructure ka Return Type
Hoga.
 Destructure Point
 Destructure ek special member function hai.
 Yeh bhi automatically excute hota hai.
 Yani ki Yeh Constructure Jab Object Create Karata Hai. Toh
Usko Destroy Karata hai destructure.
 Destructure Memory Ko De-allocated Karata Hai. Yeh
constructure ke object ke dwara jo hamane memory Create
Kiya tha. Use De-allocate Karata Hai Distructure. Isliye Isko
Destructure kahete hai.
 Jab Ham Distructure Banayenge tab ham tilde (~) ka use
karenge.
 Yeh ~ Memory Ko De-allocate karata hai.

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Ex: Constructor And Destructure :-
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
Class test
{
Public:
Test()
{
N=10;
Count<<n;

}
~test ()
{
Count<<” object destroy “ ;
}
};
Void main()
{
Test ob;
Getch();
}

There are Three Types Of Constructure :-

1. Default Constructure.
2. Parameterized Constructure.
3. Copy Constructure

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 5. What Is Templete ? Explain with Types.
 Ism eek Hi Frame Ke Andar Sare Concept Ko Add Kiya Gya Hai C++ Ke
Programming Language Ke Andar.
 Ham Templete se Kisi bhi program ko easily kar sakate hai.
 Ham Templete ka Use C++ Ke andar 2 Type Se Karate Hai. Ek Hota Hai
Function Templete aur Dusra Hota Hai Class Templete.
 Function Templete ko Ham Generic Function bhi Bolte Hai.
 Class Templete ko Ham Generic Class Bhi Bolte Hai.

Template

Generic Function Generic Class

Syntax :-
(1). Function Template :-
Template< Class Type >
Return Type Functionname( parametered list)
{
Body
}
Syntax 2 :-
(2). Class Template:-
Template< Class Type >
Class Classname( parametered list)
{
Public:
Type var;
Type functioname (type arg)
}

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6. What Is Operator overloading ? Define is Type.
 Operator Overloading C++ Ke Andar ek mahtavpurn taknik hai.
 Joh C++ Ki Karyshamata Ko Badhata Hai.
 C++ Me Ham User Define Data Type Bana Skaate Hai.
 Joh Built In Type Ki Tarah Kary Karate Hai.
 Isko Hi Ham Operator Overloading Kahete Hai.
# include < iostram.h>
# include < conio.h>
class integer
{
int x ;
public :
void set_x ( int ) ;
void disp ( ) ;
void operator -- ( );
};
void integer : : set_ s ( int a)
{
x = a.j
}
void integer : : disp ( )
{
cout << " the value of x = "<< x ;
}
void integer : : operator --( )
{
x = -x ;
}
void main ( )
{
integer I ;
I.set_x ( 10);
I.disp ( );
--I;
I.disp ( );
getch ( ); }

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 7. What Is Inheritance And Type ?
 Yaani Agar Koi Ek Class Dusre Class Ke Propertie ko Access Kar Leta
Hai Toh Usko Ham Inheritance Kahete Hai.
 Inheritance Ke 4 Types Hai.
o Single Inheritance
o Multiple Inheritance
o Hierachical Inheritance
o Multi Level Inheritance
o Hybrid Inheritance
1. Single Inheritance

Base

Derive

2. Multiple Level Inheritance

Base

Derive 1

Derive 2

3. Multiple Inhertance

Base 1 Base 2

Derive

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 4. Hierarical Inheritance :-

Base

Derive 1 Derive 2

5. Hybrid Inheritance

Student

Exam Project Multiple Inh..

Multi Level Inherit.

Result

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 Sincerely,

Kalpesh Singh Rao

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