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    P-N Junction As A Rectifier

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    Nouman Riaz
    The P-N junction diode has the property of allowing current to flow easily in the forward direction when biased positively, allowing it to be used as a rectifier. A half wave rectifier uses a single diode to rectify only one half of the AC wave, resulting in a pulsing DC output with 40.6% efficiency. A bridge rectifier uses four diodes connected in a bridge configuration to rectify both halves of the AC wave, resulting in a higher efficiency of 81.2%.

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    P-N Junction As A Rectifier

    Uploaded by

    Nouman Riaz
    2K views3 pages
    The P-N junction diode has the property of allowing current to flow easily in the forward direction when biased positively, allowing it to be used as a rectifier. A half wave rectifier uses a single diode to rectify only one half of the AC wave, resulting in a pulsing DC output with 40.6% efficiency. A bridge rectifier uses four diodes connected in a bridge configuration to rectify both halves of the AC wave, resulting in a higher efficiency of 81.2%.

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    The P-N junction diode has the property of allowing current to flow easily in the forward direction when biased positively, allowing it to be used as a rectifier. A half wave rectifier uses a single diode to rectify only one half of the AC wave, resulting in a pulsing DC output with 40.6% efficiency. A bridge rectifier uses four diodes connected in a bridge configuration to rectify both halves of the AC wave, resulting in a higher efficiency of 81.2%.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    2K views3 pages

    P-N Junction As A Rectifier

    Uploaded by

    Nouman Riaz
    The P-N junction diode has the property of allowing current to flow easily in the forward direction when biased positively, allowing it to be used as a rectifier. A half wave rectifier uses a single diode to rectify only one half of the AC wave, resulting in a pulsing DC output with 40.6% efficiency. A bridge rectifier uses four diodes connected in a bridge configuration to rectify both halves of the AC wave, resulting in a higher efficiency of 81.2%.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    P-N Junction as a rectifier

    Junction as a rectifier

    The process in which alternating voltage or alternating current is converted into a direct voltage
    or direct current is known as rectification. The device used for this process is called as
    a rectifier. The junction diode has the property of offering low resistance and allowing current to
    flow through it, in the forward biased condition. This property is used in the process of
    rectification.

    Half wave rectifier:

    A circuit which rectifies half of the a.c wave is called half wave rectifier.
    Fig shows the circuit for half wave rectification. The a.c. voltage (Vs) to be rectified is obtained
    across the secondary ends S1 S2 of the transformer. The P-end of the diode D is connected to
    S1 of the secondary coil of the transformer. The N-end of the diode is connected to the other end
    S2 of the secondary coil of the transformer, through a load resistance RL. The rectified output
    voltage Vdc appears across the load resistance RL.

    During the positive half cycle of the input a.c. voltage Vs, S1 will be positive and the diode is
    forward biased and hence it conducts. Therefore, current flows through the circuit and there is a
    voltage drop across RL. This gives the output voltage as shown in Fig.

    During the negative half cycle of the input a.c. voltage (Vs), S1 will be negative and the diode D
    is reverse biased. Hence the diode does not conduct. No current flows through the circuit and the
    voltage drop across RL will be zero. Hence no output voltage is obtained. Thus corresponding to
    an alternating input signal, the unidirectional pulsating output is obtained.

    The ratio of d.c. power output to the a.c. power input is known as rectifier efficiency. The
    efficiency of half wave rectifier is approximately 40.6%.

    Bridge rectifier:

    A bridge rectifier is shown in Fig. There are four diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 used in the circuit,
    which are connected to form a network. The input ends A and C of the network are connected to
    the secondary ends S1 and S2 of the transformer. The output ends B and D are connected to the
    load resistance RL.
     During positive input half cycle of the a.c. voltage, the point A is positive with respect
    to C.
     The diodes D1 and D3 are forward biased and conduct, whereas the diodes D2 and
    D4 are reverse biased and do not conduct. Hence current flows along
    S1ABDCS2 through RL.
     During the negative half cycle, the point C is positive with respect to A.
     The diodes D2 and D4 are forward biased and conduct; whereas the diodes D 1 and
    D3 are reverse biased and they do not conduct. Hence current flows along
    S2CBDAS 1 through RL.
     The same process is repeated for subsequent half cycles. It can be seen that current
    flows through RL in the same direction, during both half cycles of the input a.c.
    signals.
     The output signal corresponding to the input signal is shown in Fig. The efficiency of
    the bridge rectifier is approximately 81.2%.

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