SUBJECT- CS2, BE ELECTRICAL

MCQ ON UNIT 3

1. All the poles of a causal and stable LTI system must be? (1 Point)
1- None of These
2- Inside a unit circle (Answer)
3- Outside a unit circle
4- On the Unit Circle

2. Following right-sided (causal) exponential sequence h[n]=a^nu[n] whose

Z-Transform is:
H(z) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} a^n z^{-n} = \frac{1}{1 - a z^{-1}}, |z| > |a|.

1- ROC of H(Z) extends inward from the infinity to the pole.

2- ROC of H(Z) extends outward from the pole to the infinity. (Answer)
3- none of these
4- ROC of H(Z) extends outward from the zero to the infinity.

3. For a BIBO stable LTI system

1- ROC must include the unit-circle ||=1 inside (Answer)
2- ROC must exclude the unit-circle ||=1
3- both a and b
4- none of above

4. System is stable if :
1- none of these
2- poles and zeros lies outside the unit circle
3- zero lies inside the unit circle
4- pole lies outside the unit circle(Answer)

5. Based on pole location, algrbraic criteria that requires characteristic

equation is?
1- Jury stability test
2- All of them (Answer)
3- Shurchon Stability Test
4- Bilinear transformation combined with Routh stability criteria

6. Digital Controller represented by a pulse transfer function : G(Z)=

(b0+b1Z^-1+b2Z^-2_____bmZ^-m)/(1+a1Z^-1+a2Z^-2_____anZ^-n) ;
 where m is less than or equal to n. Such digital controller can be realized
by digital programming in which of the following ways?
1- Direct digital Programming
2- Cascade Digital Programming
3- Parallel digital Programming
4- All of these (Answer)

7. Realize the given digital filter by parallel Programming; G(Z)=

(Z^2+9Z+20)/( Z^3+6Z^2+11Z+6
1- G(Z)=(-6/(Z+1))-(6/(Z+2))+(1/(Z+3) (Answer)
2- G(Z)=(6/(Z+1))-(6/(Z+2))+(1/(Z+3)
3- None of this
4- G(Z)=(6/(Z+1))-(-6/(Z+2))+(1/(Z+3)

8. Realize the given digital filter by parallel Programming; G(Z)=

(Z^2+1.25Z)/( Z^2-0.6Z+0.05)
1- G(Z)=(5)-(4.6875/(Z-0.5))+(0.4375/(Z-0.1)
2- G(Z)=(5)+(4.6875/(Z-0.5))+(0.4375/(Z+0.1)
3- G(Z)=(5)-(4.6875/(Z+0.5))+(0.4375/(Z-0.1)
4- None of this (Answer)

9. Sampled Data Control System are represented by ?

1- Transfer function in frequency domain Pulse
2- Transfer Function in Z Plane
3- Transfer function in Z Domain
4- Pulse Transfer Function in S Plane (Answer)

10. In Impulse Invariance Technique , relation between S-Plane and Z-Plane

is?
1- Z=e^st (Answer)
2- Z=jw*e^-st
3- both and b
4- none of these

11. In Mapping between S-Plane and Z-Plane,

1- Entire left half of the Z-Plane will be mapped into inner part of unit
circle in Z Plane
2- Entire left half of the S-Plane will be mapped into inner part of unit
circle in z Plane (Answer)
3- None of these
4- Entire left half of the Z-Plane will be mapped into inner part of unit
circle in S Plane
12. In Mapping between S-Plane and Z-Plane,
1- Imaginary axis of S-Plane will be mapped into Circumference of unit
circle in Z plane (Answer)
2- Imaginary axis of Z-Plane will not be mapped into Circumference of
unit circle in Z plane
3- Both a and b
4- none of these

13. In Mapping between S-Plane and Z-Plane,

1- Entire left half of the Z-Plane will be mapped into inner part of unit
circle in Z Plane
2- None of these
3- Entire right half of the S-Plane will be mapped into inner part of unit
circle in z Plane
4- Entire right half of the S-Plane will be mapped into outer part of unit
circle in z Plane (Answer)

14. Using Jury stability test, identify whether the system is stable, Unstable,
or Marginally Stable of given characteristic equation: P(Z)=
Z^3+2.1Z^2+1.44Z+0.32
1- Stable (Answer)
2- Unstable
3- Marginally Stable
4- cannot be identified

15. Using Jury stability test, identify whether necessary and sufficient
conditions are satisfied or not for given characteristic equation: P(Z)=
Z^3+2.1Z^2+1.44Z+0.32
1- none of these
2- Necessary condition satisfied but sufficient conditions are not satisfied
3- Necessary condition satisfied and sufficient conditions are satisfied
(Answer)
4- Necessary condition satisfied not satisfied but sufficient conditions are
satisfied

This set of Signals & Systems Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs)
focuses on “The Z-Transform”.

16. When do DTFT and ZT are equal?

a) When σ = 0
b) When r = 1
c) When σ = 1
 d) When r = 0

Answer: b
Explanation: Discrete Time Fourier Transform, X(e-jω) = ∑∞𝑛=−∞𝑥(𝑛)𝑒−𝑗ω𝑛
Z-Transform, X(Z) = ∑∞𝑛=−∞𝑥(𝑛)𝑧−𝑛, z = r ejω
When r=1, z = ejω and hence DTFT and ZT are equal.

17. Find the Z-transform of δ(n+3).

a) z
b) z2
c) 1
d) z3

Answer: d
Explanation: Given x(n) = δ(n+3)

We know that δ(n+3) = {10𝑛=−3otherwise

X(Z) = ∑𝑛=−∞∞𝑥(𝑛)𝑧−𝑛=∑𝑛=−∞∞δ(𝑛+3)𝑧−𝑛 = z3.

18. Find the Z-transform of an u(n);a>0.

a) 𝑧𝑧−𝑎
b) 𝑧𝑧+𝑎
c) 11−𝑎𝑧
d) 11+𝑎𝑧

Answer: a
Explanation: Given x(n) = an u(n)

We know that 𝑢(𝑛)={10𝑛≥0𝑛<0

X(Z) = ∑𝑛=−∞∞𝑥(𝑛)𝑧−𝑛=∑𝑛=−∞∞𝑎𝑛𝑢(𝑛)𝑧−𝑛
= ∑𝑛=0∞𝑎𝑛(1)𝑧−𝑛=∑𝑛=0∞(𝑎𝑧−1)𝑛=(1−𝑎𝑧−1)−1
= 11−𝑎𝑧−1=𝑧𝑧−𝑎.

19. Find the Z-transform of cos⁡ωn u(n).

a) 𝑧(𝑧+𝑐𝑜𝑠ω)𝑧2−2𝑧𝑐𝑜𝑠ω+1
b) 𝑧(𝑧−𝑐𝑜𝑠ω)𝑧2−2𝑧𝑐𝑜𝑠ω+1
c) 𝑧(𝑧−𝑐𝑜𝑠ω)𝑧2+2𝑧𝑐𝑜𝑠ω+1
d) 𝑧(𝑧+𝑐𝑜𝑠ω)𝑧2+2𝑧𝑐𝑜𝑠ω+1

Answer: b
Explanation: Given x(n) = cos⁡ωn u(n)

We know that 𝑢(𝑛)={10𝑛≥0𝑛<0

 Z[cos⁡ωn u(n)] = 𝑍[𝑒𝑗ω𝑛+𝑒−𝑗ω𝑛2𝑢(𝑛)]=12𝑍[𝑒𝑗ω𝑛𝑢(𝑛)]+12𝑍[𝑒−𝑗ω𝑛𝑢(𝑛)]

=12(𝑧𝑧−𝑒𝑗ω+𝑧𝑧−𝑒−𝑗ω)=12[𝑧(𝑧−𝑒−𝑗ω)+𝑧(𝑧−𝑒𝑗ω)(𝑧−𝑒𝑗ω)(𝑧−𝑒−𝑗ω)]

=12{𝑧[2𝑧−(𝑒𝑗ω+𝑒−𝑗ω)]𝑧2−𝑧(𝑒𝑗ω+𝑒−𝑗ω)+1}=𝑧(𝑧−𝑐𝑜𝑠ω)𝑧2−2𝑧𝑐𝑜𝑠ω+1.

20. For causal sequences, the ROC is the exterior of a circle of radius r.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Explanation: Consider a causal sequence, x(n) = rn u(n)
X(Z)
= ∑𝑛=−∞∞𝑥(𝑛)𝑧−𝑛=∑𝑛=−∞∞𝑟𝑛𝑢(𝑛)𝑧−𝑛=∑𝑛=0∞𝑟𝑛(1)𝑧−𝑛=∑𝑛=0∞(𝑟𝑧−1)𝑛
The above summation converges for |rz-1|<1, i.e. for |z|>r
Hence, for the causal sequences, the ROC is the exterior of a circle of radius r.

MCQ ON UNIT-4

21. State Space Variable techniques involve how many types of Variables?
1- 6
2- 2
3- 4
4- None of these (Answer)

22. To represent the complete system in State Space __-?

1- initial conditions are not required
2- initial conditions are assumed to be zero
3- both a and b
4- None of these (Answer)

23. The "N" Dimensional Space whose co-ordinates are the states of
x1,x2,___, xn ; are called?
1- All of these
2- State variables
3- States
4- State Space (Answer)

24. The State equation is given by : X(t)= AX(t)+BU(t), Where A Is known

as?
 1- Input Matrix
2- Input (Control) Vector
3- Plant Matrix (Answer)
4- State Vector
25. The State equation is given by : X(t)= AX(t)+BU(t), Where B Is known
as?
1- State Vector
2- Plant Matrix
3- Input (Control) Vector
4- Input Matrix (Answer)

26. The system can be represented in State Space in which of the following
Way?
1- Physical Variable Form (Answer)
2- Phase Variable form (Answer)
3- Canonical Form(Answer)
4- Only a and b

27. Phase variable form is also known as?

1- Direct Realisation (Answer)
2- canonical form
3- Both a and b
4- none of these

28. which of the following form can be obtained into two different form as
(1)- First companion form, and (2)- second companion form
1- physical variable form
2- Canonical form
3- none of these(Answer)
4- direct realisation

29. Jordan canonical form is also known as ?

1- Parallel Realisation (Answer)
2- Direct realisation
3- both a and b
4- none of these

30. find the state-space model by second companion form.(Choose your

option as shown in figure )
1- option a
2- option b
3- both are wrong (Answer)
31. THE SYSTEM GIVEN BY G(S) IN ADJACENT IMAGE CAN BE
REPRESENTED AS? (CHOOSE OPTION GIVEN IN IMAGE)

1- A
2- B
3-NEITHER A NOR B(Answer)

32. THE SYSTEM GIVEN BY G(S) IN ADJACENT IMAGE CAN BE

REPRESENTED IN OPTION A. KINDLY CHOOSE THE BLOCK
WHERE CORRECTION IS NEEDED TO REPRESENT THE BLOCK
CORRECTLY.
 1- BLOCK HAVING GAIN 0 SHOULD BE REPLACED BY GAIN 1
(Answer)
2- BLOCK HAVING GAIN 2 SHOULD BE REPLACED BY GAIN 1
3- BLOCK HAVING GAIN -1 SHOULD BE REPLACED BY GAIN -1
4- BLOCK HAVING GAIN -2 SHOULD BE REPLACED BY GAIN 2

33. FOR THE SYSTEM GIVEN BY G(S) IN BELOW IMAGE, FIND THE
STATE SPACE MODEL .(CHOOSE OPTION GIVEN IN IMAGE)
 1- A
2- B (Answer)
3- NEITHER A NOR B

34. F(S)= e^-at * sint, comment on stability?

1- Stable (Answer)
2- unstable
3- marginally stable

35. F(S)= 2/(S^2 +4)^2, COMMENT ON STABILITY.

1- UNSTABLE (Answer)
2- MARGINALLY
3- STABLE STABLE

This set of Control Systems Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs)
focuses on “Concept of State, State Variables and State Models”.

36. The transfer function for the state representation of the continuous time
LTI system:
 dq(t)/dt=Aq(t)+Bx(t)
Y(t)=Cq(t)+Dx(t)
is given by:
a) C(sI-A)-1B+D
b) B(sI-A)-1B+D
c) C(sI-A)-1B+A
d) D(sI-A)-1B+C
Answer: a
Explanation: Transfer function which is ratio of Laplace output to the
Laplace input when the initial conditions are zero and is calculated by
using both the equations.

37. System transformation on function H(z) for a discrete time LTI system
expressed in state variable form with zero initial condition
a) C(zI-A)-1B+D
b) C(zI-A)-1
c) (zI-A)-1z
d) (zI-A)-1
Answer: a
Explanation: Transfer function which is ratio of Laplace output to the
Laplace input when the initial conditions are zero in discrete is same as
continuous but in the z-domain.

38. State space analysis is applicable for non-linear systems and for multiple
input and output systems.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Explanation: State space analysis is the technique that used state variables
and state model for the analysis and is applicable for non-linear systems
and for multiple input and output systems.

39. Assertion (A): Transfer function approach has limitation that it reveals
only the system output for a input and provides no information regarding
the internal state of the system.
Reason (R): There may be situations where the output of a system is
stable and yet some of the system elements may have a tendency to
exceed their specified ratings.
a) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is False
 d) A is False but R is True

Answer: a
Explanation: Transfer function approach has limitation over state variable
analysis and for that it reveals only the system output for a input and
provides no information regarding the internal state of the system.

40. When human being tries to approach an object, his brain acts as,
a) An error measuring device
b) A controller
c) An actuator
d) An amplifier

Answer: b
Explanation: Brain of human being acts as a controller in the
human body system as human body is the control system and
when human tries to approach an object the brain of the human
acts as controller.

41. For two-phase AC servomotor, if the rotor’s resistance and

reactance are respectively R and X, its length and diameter are
respectively L and D then,
a) X/R and L/D are both small
b) X/R is large but L/D is small
c) X/R is small but L/D is large
d) X/R and L/D are both large

42. Answer: c
Explanation: Small X/R gives linear speed torque characteristic.
Large L/D gives less inertia and good acceleration characteristic.

43. Consider the following statements relating to synchro’s:

1. The rotor of the control transformer is either disc shaped
2. The rotor of the transmitter is so constructed as to have a low
magnetic reluctance
3. Transmitter and control transformer pair is used as an error
detector
Which of these statements are correct?
a) 1,2 and3
b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and3
d) 1 and 3
44. Error detector:
a) Armature controlled FHP DC motor
b) A pair of synchronous transmitter and control transformer
c) Tach generator
d) Amplidyne

Answer: a
Explanation: Error detector is the part in the armature controlled
FHP DC motor where error detector is the first element that
compares the final output with desired output and gives the
accurate results.

45. Servomotor:
a) Armature controlled FHP DC motor
b) A pair of synchronous transmitter and control transformer
c) Tach generator
d) Amplidyne

Answer: b
Explanation: Servomotor is a rotary actuator or linear actuator
that allows for precise control of angular or linear position,
velocity and acceleration a pair of synchronous transmitter and
control transformer.

46. Amplifier:
a) Armature controlled FHP DC motor
b) A pair of synchronous transmitter and control transformer
c) Tach generator
d) Amplidyne

Answer: d
Explanation: Amplifier is an amplidyne which is an amplidyne is
an electromechanical amplifier invented during World War II by
Ernst Alexanderson. It consists of an electric motor driving a DC
generator
47. The effects caused due to finite word lengths are

1) Coefficient quantization error

2) Adder overflow limit cycle
3) Round off noise
4) Limit cycles
 Options: a. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
b. 1 and 3 are correct
c. 1 and 4 are correct
d. All the four are correct
ANSWER: All the four are correct

48. The error in the filter output that results from rounding or
truncating calculations within the filter is called

a. Coefficient quantization error

b. Adder overflow limit cycle
c. Round off noise (Ans)
d. Limit cycles

49. A direct partial-fraction expansion of the transfer function in Z leads

to
a. The parallel form II structure (Ans)
b. The parallel form I structure
c. Cascaded structure
d. None of the above

50. A direct partial-fraction expansion of the transfer function in Z leads

to
a. The parallel form II structure (Ans)
b. The parallel form I structure
c. Cascaded structure
d. None of the above

51. A partial-fraction expansion of the transfer function in Z-1 leads to

a. The parallel form II structure
b. The parallel form I structure (Ans)
c. Cascaded structure
d. None of the above

52. Parallel form of realisation is done in

a. High speed filtering applications (Ans)
b. Low speed filtering applications
 c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

53. In the cascaded form of realisation, the polynomials are factored into
a. a product of 1st-order and 2nd-order polynomials (Ans)
b. a product of 2nd-order and 3rd-order polynomials
c. a sum of 1st-order and 2nd-order polynomials
d. a sum of 2nd-order and 3rd-order polynomials

54. The advantage of using the cascade form of realisation is

1) It has same number of poles and zeros as that of individual

components
2) The number of poles is the product of poles of individual
components
3) The number of zeros is the product of poles of individual
components
4) Over all transfer function may be determined
a. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
b. 1 and 3 are correct
c. 1 and 4 are correct (Ans)
d. All the four are correct

55. The cascade realisation of IIR systems involves

1) The transfer function broken into product of transfer functions

2) The transfer function divided into addition of transfer functions
3) Factoring the numerator and denominator polynomials
4) Derivatives of the transfer functions
a. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
b. 1 and 3 are correct (Ans)
c. 3 and 4 are correct
d. All the four are correct

56. The direct form II for realisation involves

1) The realisation of transfer function into two parts

2) Realisation after fraction
3) Product of two transfer functions
4) Addition of two transfer functions
a. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
b. 1 and 3 are correct (Ans)
c. 3 and 4 are correct
d. All the four are correct

57. In direct form for realisation of IIR filters,

1)Denominator coefficients are the multipliers in the feed forward
paths
2) Multipliers in the feedback paths are the positives of the
denominator coefficients
3) Numerator coefficients are the multipliers in the feed forward
paths
4) Multipliers in the feedback paths are the negatives of the
denominator coefficients
a. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
b. 1 and 2 are correct
c. 3 and 4 are correct (Ans)
d. All the four are correct