MRT (Introduction, Objectives, Rational of The Study)

Introductions
Mass Rapid Transit often taken by the government of developing countries. Developing
countries in Asia are undertaking rail-based system especially metro 1 as a solution to solve
the problems of urban traffic congestion and for the meeting rapidly increasing travel
demand. This is also targeted for controlling environmental pollution and boosting up
economic growth. Experiencing projects in Hong Kong and Singapore and cities in South
Asian countries, like Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta (India) and Dhaka (Bangladesh) are found to
rely on metro for the growing travel demand as ultimate Solution. For development world,
Walmsley and Ken Perrett (1992) identified several reasons why countries like Canada,
France, Germany and the United States adopted rapid rail transit systems. Along with
environmental goal achievement, cities with increasing economic growth planned for rapid
transit to make it congestion-free, faster and reliable for the movement of people. Golias
(2002) argued that any new public transport system should be based on the perceived
impacts, such as increased market share for public transportation, reduced automobile
dependence, positive effects on environment and urban development. Among them, most
important and common issue is to reduce car use and increase the use of public transport. On
the other hand, developing cities choose metro mainly to meet the high travel demand which
often cannot reduce congestion. A study on mass rapid transit in 13 developing countries
(whose aim were to increase capacity of public transport and the quality of services) was
carried out by Halcrow Fox
Background of the study
Dhaka City is the capital of Bangladesh. The Dhaka Metropolitan Area (DMA) has a
population of 9.3 million in 2011. Currently, urban transportation in the DMA relies mostly
on road transport, were car, bus, auto-rickshaw, rickshaw, etc. Coexist. This creates serious
traffic congestion in addition to health hazards caused by the traffic population including air
pollution. With the rapid national economic growth, the urban population is expected to
increase and so will the number of privately owned automobiles. Therefore, improving the
urban (public) transportation system in the DMA has become a critical issue to ease traffic
congestion and arrest environment deteriorations.
Whit this situation, the government of the Bangladesh (GOB) formulated the “Strategic
Transport Plan for Dhaka” (STP) in 2005 in cooperation with the World Bank (WB). Since
the STP was officially approved by GOB, It is expected that each donor will hereafter
provide the assistance based on this STP to improve the urban transportation situation. And
the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) conducted the Dhaka Urban
Transportation Network Development Study (DHUTS) Phase 1 from March 2009 with the
DTCA as its counterpart agency. The study’s objectives were to conceptualize the basic
urban development scenario for DMA by 2025 and to select priority projects that would help
build such a scenario. That study recommended the MRT Line 6 as a priority project. As a
result, JICA conducted the feasibility study on MRT Line 6 under DHUTS Phase 2.
Following these studies, the GOB and JICA concluded the loan agreement on the “Dhaka
Mass Rapid Transit Deveolpment Project” on February 2013 to construct MRT Line 6.
Meanwhile, the World Bank finished the feasibility study and basic design of BRT Line 3
and is now preparing the project’s detailed design. On the other hand, the Asian Development
Bank (ADB) already completed the basic design of the BRT Line £ extension project (from
the airport to Gazipur) and since April 2013 has conducted the activities for the detailed
design stage
As for the transportation network plan, the STP, which was formulated in 2005, identified
their BRT lines (I..e., BRT Lines 1,2 and 3) that were supposed to commence before 2010 but
except for MRT Line 6 and BRT Line 3 above, other projects started in the STP have not
started yet and so the STP needed to be revied and updated. And JICA conduct the Project
on the Revision and updating of the Strategic Transport Plan for Dhaka (RSTP) from may
2014 with the DTCA as its counterpart agency.
It is thus under these circumstances that the GOB an JAICA have made several preliminary
discussions in order to identify priority projects in the field of transport sector, and agreed to
make preparation for Dhaka Mass Rapid Transit Development Project (Line 1 and Line 5).
Accordingly, JICA dispatched a mission on the project to GOB from March 7,2016 in order
to develop scope and implementing arrangement of truther survey which would study of the
Project.
Objectives of the study
The objectives of the Project to alleviate traffic congestion and improve air pollution in the
Dhaka City by constructing mass transit system, thereby contributing to the economic and
social development of Greater Dhaka Region and improvement of urban environment.
MRT Line 1 (1st phase) and MRT Line 5 (1st phase) were prioritized as the high priority
projects by RSTP. In this project, feasibility study of MRT Line 1 (1st phase) supposed to be
implemented and set up feasible project plan and project implementation plan considering of
technical, economic and budgeting, and environmental social aspects.
Rational of the study

As mentioned in the objectives of the study, when MRT Line 1 and 5 will be nominated as an
ODA project such as Yen-load project, the project implementation plan and consultation plan
will be requiring to appraise by international-financing agencies. In the appraisal, the
following these issues are essential
Kye point of the study

Outputs of this study will be the basic information to evaluate the MRT projects as Japan’s yean load
project. So, the following issues need to be considered with JICA’s guidelines when compiling the results.
1. Methods of procurements and constructions (including TORs of BD and DD)

2. Project Costs (including MM of consultant services)
3. Capacity of Implementation and O&M
4. Indicators of Operation and Evaluation
Schedule of ECC
This project is the feasibility study of MRT Line 1 and Line 5, and the environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) and the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) will be made for each MRT Lines.
Consistencies with the MRT Line 6

Standardization of MRT system needs to be required to improve their quality and make them safer, and
also in RSTP proposed MRT Lines should be networked each other. Therefore, some system of MRT Line 1
and Line 5 should be installed same with MRT Line 6. Integration of System, Regulations and Standard
MRT Line 1, Line 5 and Line 6 will be shared tracks and station in the future, so MRT systems, regulations
and standards need to be integrated. Integration of Automated Fare Collection System Automated fare
collection system of MRT Line 1 and Line 5 will be installed same system with MRT Line In order to adopt
connected ride discount system with MRT lines and other public transports. Connectivity of MRT Line 1
with MRT Line 6 at Motijheel AreaAt the current situation, planned Motijheel station of MRT Line 6 will
be far from proposed Kamalapur station of MRT Line 1. In this project, connectivity between those
stations needs to be considered.
Development around the station

A transit-oriented development (TOD) typically includes a central MRT station surrounded by a high-
density mixed-use area, with lower-density areas spreading out from this center. A TOD is also typically
designed to be more walkable than other built-up areas, through using smaller block sizes and reducing
the land area dedicated to automobiles.
TOD allows the transport operator to benefit from alternative revenue, and increased ridership. In turn,
this provides opportunity for better services to be offered to the public.

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Introductions

Rational of the study

Kye point of the study

1. Methods of procurements and constructions (including TORs of BD and DD)

Consistencies with the MRT Line 6

Development around the station

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