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Lesson Three: Media and Information Languages: Types of Codes

This document discusses media languages and information codes used in media. It defines media languages as codes, conventions, formats, symbols and narrative structures that convey meaning to audiences. It then describes different types of codes like symbolic codes using objects and body language, written codes using text, and technical codes using camera techniques. The document provides examples of different camera shots, angles, movements and conventions used to construct media messages for intended audiences.

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Nicolette Dream Green
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135 views2 pages

Lesson Three: Media and Information Languages: Types of Codes

This document discusses media languages and information codes used in media. It defines media languages as codes, conventions, formats, symbols and narrative structures that convey meaning to audiences. It then describes different types of codes like symbolic codes using objects and body language, written codes using text, and technical codes using camera techniques. The document provides examples of different camera shots, angles, movements and conventions used to construct media messages for intended audiences.

Uploaded by

Nicolette Dream Green
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON THREE: MEDIA AND INFORMATION LANGUAGES

Media Languages
- Are codes, conventions, formats, symbols and narrative structures that indicate the
meaning of media messages to an audience.

Codes
- are systems of signs that when put together create meaning

Semiotics
- study of signs

Types of Codes:
SYMBOLIC CODES MEDIUM CLOSE SHOT – shows a subject
- Show what is beneath the surface of down to his/her chest/waist
what we see (objects, setting, body
language, clothing, color, etc.) or LONG SHOT – a view of a situation or
iconic symbols that are easily setting from a distance
understood.
FULL SHOT – a view of a figure’s entire
WRITTEN CODES body in order to show action and/or a
- Use of language style and textual constellation group of characters
layout (headlines, captions, speech
bubbles, language style, etc.) CLOSE UP SHOT – a full-screenshot of a
subject’s face showing the finest nuances of
TECHNICAL CODES expression
- Are ways in which equipment is used
to tell the story Point Of View
- This includes sound, camera angles,
types of shots and lighting as well as POINT-OF-VIEW SHOT – shows a scene
camera techniques, framing, depth from the perspective of a character or one
of field, lighting, exposure and person. Most newsreel footages are shown
juxtaposition. from the perspective of the newscaster.

Camera Shots
OVER-THE-SHOULDER SHOT – often
used in dialogue scenes, a frontal view of a
partner from the perspective of someone
EXTREME LONG SHOT – also called standing behind and slightly to the side of
extreme wide shots such as a large crowd the other partner, so that parts of both can
scene or a view of scenery as far as the be seen
horizon
INSERT SHOT – a detail shot which quickly
MEDIUM LONG SHOT – shows a group of gives visual information necessary to
people in interaction with each other. understand the meaning of a scene.
ZOOM – the stationary camera approaches
HAND-HELD CAMERA SHOT – the camera a subject by “zooming in” or moves farther
is not mounted on a tripod and instead is away by “zooming out”
held by the cameraperson, resulting in less
stable shots.
Conventions
ESTABLISHING SHOT – often used at the - Refers to a standard or norm that
beginning of a scene to indicate the acts as a rule governing behavior
location or setting, it is usually a long shot - Are generally established and
taken from a neutral position. accepted ways of doing something

REACTION SHOT – short shot of a Message


character’s response to an action
- The information sent to a receiver
from a source
REVERSE -ANGLE SHOT – a shot from the
opposite perspective
Audience
Camera Angles - The group of consumers for whom
the media message was constructed
as well as anyone else who is
AERIAL SHOT – overhead shot; also called
exposed to the message
Bird’s Eye Shot; long or extreme long shot of
the ground from the air.
Producers
LONG-ANGLE SHOT – below shot; shows - People engaged in the process of
people or objects from below, lower than creating and putting together media
eye level content to make a finished media
product
HIGH-ANGLE SHOT – shows people or
objects from above higher than eye level
Stakeholders
EYE-LEVEL SHOT – straight-on angle; - Libraries, archives, museums,
views a subject from the level of a person’s internet and other relevant
eye information providers

Camera Movements
PAN SHOT – the camera pans (moves
horizontally) from left to right or vice versa
across the picture

TRACKING SHOT – the camera follows


along next to or behind a moving object or
person

TILT SHOT – the camera tilts up (moves


upwards) or tilts down (moves downwards)
around a vertical line

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