Combined Heat and Power Calculator Guidance Document V5

Energy Efficiency
Obligation Scheme CHP

Guidance Document
Guidance on claiming savings from CHP projects
Queries please contact [email protected]

Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme CHP Guidance Document
Contents
1. Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................... 2
1. Legislative context .................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1. Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme ................................................................................................................ 3
1.2. Directive 2004/8/EC .......................................................................................................................................... 4
1.3. Guide to Using Excel Tool.................................................................................................................................. 5
1.3.1. CHP Data Approach ................................................................................................................................... 5
1.3.2. Fuel Category .......................................................................................................................................... 11
1.3.3. Type of Fuel ............................................................................................................................................. 12
1.3.4. Year of Construction ............................................................................................................................... 12
1.3.5. Proposed Use of Heat by CHP unit .......................................................................................................... 13
1.3.6. Onsite Voltage levels ............................................................................................................................... 15
1.4. Derivation of Primary Energy Savings Formula .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4.1. First Principles for Micro-Generation Primary Energy Savings .................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4.2. Verification of First Principles .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2. Examples of Applications ........................................................................................................................................ 17
2.1. Example 1 – New CHP Installation .................................................................................................................. 18
2.2. Example 2 – CHP Upgrades ............................................................................................................................. 22
Appendix A - Annex I of 2015/2402/EC .......................................................................................................................... 26
Appendix B – Annex II of 2015/2402/EC ......................................................................................................................... 27
Appendix C – Annex III of 2015/2402/EC ........................................................................................................................ 28
Appendix D– Annex IVof 2015/2402/EC ......................................................................................................................... 29
Page 1
1. Executive Summary
The purpose of this document is to provide guidance to Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOS)
participants applying for energy credits with combined heat and power (CHP) technologies. The Excel tool
is intended for use in the calculation of energy credits for the purposes of the EEOS. Please note that SEAI
will only accept savings from CHP projects that have been calculated using this tool. No other method of
calculation will be accepted. Also note that projects with positive primary energy savings will be
considered. As negative primary energy savings inherently mean that the CHP is less efficient then having
separate heat and electricity production and is not eligible for energy credits.
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1. Legislative context
1.1.Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme

The purpose of this Guidance document is to inform obligated energy suppliers of their requirements pursuant to
the Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (‘EEOS’) which has commenced operation from 1st January 2014.
The EEOS is being implemented pursuant to the Energy Efficiency Directive 2012, Article 7. The Directive imposes a
legal obligation on Member States to achieve new savings each year from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2020 of
1.5% of the annual energy sales to final customers of all energy distributors and all retail energy sales companies by
volume, averaged over the most recent three-year period prior to 1 January 2013. The target is cumulative, which
means that it is based on incremental annual savings that deliver a total volume of savings at the end of the
obligation period in 2020.
Ireland has chosen to effect the provisions of Article 7(9) of the Directive, opting to combine alternative policy
measures and an energy efficiency obligation scheme to meet the national target. Obligated parties under the EEOS
are energy distributors and retail energy sales companies that have market sales in Ireland of greater than 600 GWh
final sales in any relevant year, regardless of the sector they supply.
Obligated parties’ targets are allocated according to their proportion of energy market sales volume in Ireland.
Member States are obliged to put in place measurement, control and verification systems to verify savings by
obligated parties. The positions against targets for each year are to be achieved, audited and finalised by 31 March
of the following year. The target allocated to obligated parties is 550 GWh PPE, which is sub-sectoralised as 75% non-
residential, 20% residential and 5% fuel poverty residential. The minimum achievement for the period 2014-2016 is
Year 1 60%, Year 2 75% cumulative and Year 3 90% cumulative. From Year 4 onwards, the minimum cumulative
achievement will be 95%.
Obligated parties can choose to achieve energy savings independently or through partnerships with service
providers in the market. The scheme permits the exchange of validated savings between obligated parties in certain
circumstances. Obligated parties can buyout up to a maximum of 30% of their total cumulative target, whether or
not they have achieved their minimum cumulative target. For any portion of the minimum annual target not
achieved, exchanged or bought out, a penalty will be imposed. The price of buyout and penalty will be set and
published by the Minister and reviewed as appropriate.
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1.2.Directive 2004/8/EC
The aim of Directive 2004/8/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council is the promotion of cogeneration
based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy market. This directive set forth the methodology of calculating
the primary energy savings (PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS) associated with installation of CHP units. This methodology
was adapted by EU member states in 2004 and reviewed every five years. The latest revision was in 2015, i.e.
2015/2402/EC. This latest revision has been used to generate an Excel tool which aims to provide its user with a cost
effective means of calculating the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS associated with a CHP project.
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1.3.Guide to Using Excel Tool
Thermal and electrical generation must be adequate to meet on-site demand. Electrical exports are not
deemed eligible for energy credits and must be excluded from the calculations. This section provides a
guide for Obligated Parties (OPs) using the Excel tool developed by SEAI. This tool generates the primary
energy savings based upon the user’s selection and information inputted.
The Excel tool has been designed to provide ease of use and transparency for the user. This tool will be
used by both the OPs when applying for EEOS credits and SEAI when examining the applications. The
PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS calculated depends upon the user’s inputs and selections with regard to the
drop down menus. The description of these options and drop menus is detailed in the subsequent sections.
Please note that SEAI will only accept savings from CHP projects with this tool. No other method of
calculation will be accepted.
1.3.1. CHP Data Approach
The OP must follow the derogation tree in the EEOS guidance on claiming energy credits document.1The
applicant must determine which data approach applies to their application. The two approaches are as
follows; (i) No Metered Data approach and (ii) Metered Data approach. The applicant would use the no
metered data approach if less than six months of operational metered data is available. Please note that
for the same operational hours and same electrical output both approaches output the same PRIMARY
ENERGY SAVINGS.
1.3.1.1. No Metered Data Approach
Given the complexity around calculating accurately the electrical and thermal output of CHP units without
substantial metered data SEAI have taken the following approach. The applicant must provide the
following information when calculating the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS associated with their project.
Projected Annual Operational Hours of the CHP unit
1
http://www.seai.ie/EEOS/Guidance-on-authenticating-and-claiming-energy-credits.pdf
Page 5
The projected annual operational hours should reflect the thermal load of the site pre-installation. This
should include projected downtime for the unit. In the absence of this data the OP can use the default
value of 4,800 hours which will be accepted by SEAI. SEAI will accept operational hours up to a maximum
of 8,400 hours as this allows for scheduled downtime of the CHP unit.
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Rated Electrical Output (kW) of the CHP unit
The rated electrical output of the CHP unit can be found on the specification sheets of the CHP and
generator. It is recommended that the OP contact the contractor for this information.
Rated Thermal Efficiency (%) of the CHP unit.
The rated thermal efficiency of the CHP unit can be found on the specification sheets of the CHP. It is
recommended that the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS contact the contractor for this information.
Rated Electrical Efficiency (%) of the CHP Unit
The rated electrical efficiency of the CHP unit can be found on the specification sheets of the CHP. It is
Using the above user inputted information the following information is automatically calculated.
Projected Annual Electricity Generated Consumed On-Site (kWh)
The equation below contains the formula for the automated calculation of the projected annual electricity
generated by the CHP which is consumed on site. This approach was chosen as the most accurate method
given the complexities of not having reliable substantial metered data.
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑦 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑(𝑘𝑊ℎ)

= 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 (𝑘𝑊) × 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑂𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝐻𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
Projected Annual Fuel Input (kWh)
The equation below contains the formula for the automated calculation of the projected annual fuel input
of the CHP. This approach was chosen as the most accurate method given the complexities of not having
reliable substantial metered data.
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑦 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑(𝑘𝑊ℎ)

𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 (𝑘𝑊ℎ) =
𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 (%)
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Projected Useful Heat Generated Consumed on site (kWh)
The equation below contains the formula for the automated calculation of the projected useful heat
given the complexities of not having reliable substantial metered data. It is important to note that the
application must access the portion of heat generated which is dumped. SEAI may request verification of
the proportion claimed. The OP must input this factor into Excel tool as seen below. The inputted
percentage is then used when calculating the heat load required, i.e. useful heat (see below).
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑈𝑠𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑙 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑(𝑘𝑊ℎ) = 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 × 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡
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1.3.1.2. Metered Data Approach
For this approach the OP must provide the metered electricity generated by the CHP which was consumed on site
for six consecutive months. This generally provides more accurate and greater savings.
Metered Annual Operational Hours of the CHP unit
OPs can get metered operational data from their BMS or metered electrical and thermal output. Other
methods will be accepted but may be queried by SEAI. The metered annual operational hours should
reflect the actual metered operational hours of the CHP for the past 12 months of operation. In the case
where between six and twelve months of metered operational data is available the OP can scale the
operational data to a pro rata value. SEAI will accept this but may request further information. Downtime
for the unit should be clearly explained in Form A of the application. SEAI will accept operational hours up
to 8,400. Beyond this point SEAI will required a detailed explanation as this contradicts industry norms.
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Rated Electrical Output (kW) of the CHP unit
The rated electrical output of the CHP unit can be found on the specification sheets of the CHP and
generator. It is recommended that the OP contact the contractor for this information.
Rated Thermal Efficiency (%) of the CHP unit.
The rated thermal efficiency of the CHP unit can be found on the specification sheets of the CHP. It is
Rated Electrical Efficiency (%) of the CHP Unit
The rated electrical efficiency of the CHP unit can be found on the specification sheets of the CHP. It is
Using the above user inputted information the following information is automatically calculated.
Metered Annual Electricity Generated Consumed On-Site (kWh)
The OP must provide at least six months of metered electrical generation data of the unit. The equation
below contains the formula for the automated calculation of the projected annual electricity generated by
the CHP which is consumed on site.
Metered Annual Fuel Input (kWh)
The equation below contains the formula for the automated calculation of the projected annual fuel input
of the CHP. This approach was chosen as the most accurate method given the complexities of not having
reliable substantial metered data.
𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑦 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑(𝑘𝑊ℎ)

𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 (𝑘𝑊ℎ) =
𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 (%)
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Metered Useful Heat Generated Consumed on site (kWh)
The equation below contains the formula for the automated calculation of the metered useful heat
given the complexities of not having reliable substantial metered data. It is important to note that the
assumption made is that all heat generated is useful, i.e. no dumping of heat.
𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑈𝑠𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑙 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑(𝑘𝑊ℎ) = 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 × 𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡
1.3.2. Fuel Category
According to 2015/2402/EC the user of the methodology must specify the composition of the fuel input
into the CHP unit, i.e. the fuel category. The options available are (i) Solids, (ii) Liquids, (iii) Gaseous and (iv)
Other. Figure 1 represents a snapshot of the drop down menu in the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Excel tool.
This selection is important when determining both the harmonised efficiency reference value for separate
production of electricity and heat, Annex I and Annex II of 2015/2402/EC.
Figure 1 Fuel Category Drop Down Menu in Excel PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Model
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1.3.3. Type of Fuel
According to 2015/2402/EC the user of the methodology must specify the type of fuel that is being
inputted into the CHP unit. The options available to the user will change in accordance with the fuel
category. To see a full list of the available options please see Appendix A. Figure 2 represents a snapshot of
the drop down menu in the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Excel model. This selection is important when
determining both the harmonised efficiency reference value for separate production of electricity and
heat, Annex I and Annex II of 2015/2402/EC.
Figure 2 Type of Fuel Drop Down menu in Excel PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Model
1.3.4. Year of Construction
According to 2015/2402/EC the user of the methodology must specify the year of construction of the CHP
unit. The year of construction is defined as the following ’…a cogeneration unit’s year of construction is the
calendar year during which the unit first produces electricity…’ is according to 2015/2402/EC. The age of
the existing heating plant is not relevant.
The user must select an option from both of the drop down menus. The first drop down menu gives the
user two options (i) Before 2016 and (ii) From 2016. The second drop down menu provides the user with
three options; (i) Before 2012, (ii) 2012 – 2015, and (iii) From 2016. It is very important that both selections
are aligned. For example, a user of the Excel model with a CHP unit which produces electricity for the first
time in 2014 would select (i) Before 2016 and then (ii) 2012 – 2015.
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Figure 3 represents a snapshot of the drop down menu in the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Excel tool. This
selection is important when determining both the harmonised efficiency reference value for separate
production of electricity and heat, Annex I and Annex II of 2015/2402/EC.
Figure 3 Year of Construction Drop Down Menus in Excel PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Tool
1.3.5. Proposed Use of Heat by CHP unit
According to 2015/2402/EC the user of the methodology must specify the purpose of the useful heat
generated by the CHP unit. The following are the three options as outlined in 2015/2402/EC, (i) Hot Water,
(ii) Steam, and (iii) Direct Use of Exhaust Gases. For the case where more than of the purposes are
applicable the OP must select the most dominate and record this in Forma A.
Figure 4 represents a snapshot of the drop down menu in the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Excel model. This
production of heat, Annex II of 2015/2402/EC.
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Figure 4 Proposed Use of Heat by CHP unit Drop Down Menus in Excel PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Tool
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1.3.6. Onsite Voltage levels
According to 2015/2402/EC the user of the methodology must specify the onsite voltage levels of the local
grid which the CHP electrical output is connected. The following are the seven options as outlined in
2015/2402/EC, (i) <0.45 kV, (ii) ≥ 0.45 - < 12 kV, (iii) ≥ 12 - < 50 kV, (iv) ≥ 50 - < 100 kV, (v) ≥ 100 - < 200 kV,
(vi) ≥ 200 - < 345 kV and (vii) ≥ 345 kV.
Figure 5 represents a snapshot of the drop down menu in the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Excel model. This
production of heat, Annex IV of 2015/2402/EC.
Figure 5 Onsite Voltage Drop Down Menus in Excel PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Tool
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2. Examples of Applications
This section contains two examples of EEOS projects submitted by fictional OPs. Section 2.1 contains an
example application of a new CHP unit being installed in a nursery to replace an existing boiler unit. Section
2.2 contains an example application where a current CHP unit is being overhauled to become more
efficient overall. Please note that both examples make the assumption to zero heat has been dumped.
Required Documents with All Applications
SEAI EEOS team require the following documents where appropriate to be submitted with each project
application.
1. Form A and Form B completed as per standards of EEOS Guidance Document.2

2. Specification sheets of the CHP unit displaying the rated thermal, electrical efficiencies, electrical
output and fuel type of CHP.
3. A minimum of six months of metered electrical output data of the CHP (when using ‘metered data’
approach).
4. In order to verify the projected operational hours claimed when using the ‘no metered’ data
approach SEAI require either 52 weeks of data points or 24 months of data points illustrating the
thermal load profile of the site. SEAI are willing to accept gas bills but would prefer accurate data
from a BMS.
5. A measurement and verification report completed as per standards of the EEOS Guidance
Document. Please note the applicant should refer to the EEOS Guidance derogation tree.
6. Any other calculations were appropriate to substantiate claims.
2
http://www.seai.ie/eeos/
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2.1.Example 1 – New CHP Installation
A Wexford Hotel has completed a project in 2015 in partnership with OP X, in which their old natural gas
boiler unit was replaced with a new biogas CHP unit .The CHP unit will provide heat for purpose of hot
water and electricity which is all consumed onsite. OP X only has four months of operational data and
therefore chooses the no metered data approach.
Table 1 below is a summary of the inputs OP X enters into the Excel tool to calculate the PRIMARY ENERGY
SAVINGS associated with the project. Given there is only four months of sufficient metered data available
OP X must use the ‘no metered data’ approach. It should be noted that although the original boiler used
natural gas the new CHP uses biogas and therefor the reference heat and power generations are assumed
to be fuelled by biogas. This like for like comparison is one of the underlying assumptions of the Excel tool.
CHP Data Approach No Metered Data

Fuel Category Gaseous
Type of Fuel Input into CHP unit Biogas produced from anaerobic digestion
Year of Construction of CHP unit 2015
Proposed Use of Heat Generated by CHP unit Hot Water
Onsite Voltage <0.45 kV
Projected Operational Hours 5,000
Rated Thermal Output (kWth) 65
Rated Electrical Output (kWe) 37
Rated Electrical Efficiency (%) 25.52
Rated Thermal Efficiency (%) 44.83
Table 1 Example 1 Project Data – New CHP Installation
Figure 6 is the translation of the information from Table 1 below into the Excel tool. As we can see the OP
has only to select the options relevant to them from each drop down menu.
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Figure 6 Snapshot of Example 1 User Input based upon information in Table 2 (update)
Next the user must input the following information into the Excel model in order to calculate the primary
energy savings associated with this project; (i) Projected Annual Operational Hours, (ii) Rated Thermal
Efficiency, (iii) Rated Electrical Efficiency, and (iv) Rated Electrical Output. As previously outlined the
following information is calculated automatically: (i) Projected Annual Electricity Generated which is
assumed is consumed on site, (ii) Projected Annual Fuel Input and (iii) Projected Useful Heat Generated
Consumed on-site. Figure 7 below contains the summary of the user inputted data.
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Figure 7 Snapshot of Example 1 Applicant information inputted into Excel model
Figure 8 is auto populated using the data from Figure 7. As we can see the CHP has an overall efficiency of
71% and is projected to consume 711,538 kWh of Biogas is order to meet its projected electrical and heat
outputs.
Figure 8 Summary of CHP from Example 1
Figure 9 is auto populated using the data from Figure 6. As we can see the total fuel that would be required
to generate the same projected electrical and thermal outputs of the CHP from separate production
facilities is 902,369 kWh.
Figure 9 Separate Production Reference Values from Example 1
Figure 10 displays the total PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS associated with this project. This PRIMARY ENERGY
SAVINGS of 190,830 kWh is calculated using the formula below and eligible for credits under the EEOS.
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Figure 10 Total Primary Energy Savings from Example 1
Overall OP X can apply for the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS of 190,830 kWh though the current PEP system.
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2.2.Example 2 – CHP Upgrades
Phoenix Park hotel have completed a project in partnership with OP Y in 2016, whereby their CHP received
various upgrades (new gaskets, liners, bearings, oil pump, heat exchanger, insulation improvement, O rings
etc) which increased both its thermal and electrical efficiencies .OP Y has both eight months of baseline
operational data and eight months of reporting period operational data. Both baseline and reporting
period’s data overlap in terms of seasonality.
Table 2 below is a summary of the inputs OP Y enters into the Excel tool to calculate the PRIMARY ENERGY
SAVINGS associated with the baseline period. Table 3 below is a summary of the inputs OP Y enters into
the Excel tool to calculate the PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS associated with the reporting period project. In
order for OP Y to claim improvements in the overall efficiency of the CHP unit the OP must provide at least
six months of baseline and reporting period’s operational data (metered electricity generated and metered
fuel input). It is essentially both data sets overlap in seasons. Using these metered data sets the OP is
required to provide SEAI with calculations of the operational efficiency for both the baseline and reporting
periods. SEAI recommends that OPs should consult SEAI first when submitting such an application.
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CHP Data Approach Metered Data

Type of Fuel Input into CHP unit Natural Gas
Use of Heat Generated by CHP unit Hot Water
Actual Operational Hours 15 hours a day, seven days a week - 5,475
Metered Average Daily Electrical Output (kWh) 1,467
Metered Annual Electricity Generated (kWh) 8,031,825 (1,467 x 5,475)
Metered Electrical Efficiency (%) 27.70
Metered Thermal Efficiency (%) 45.30
Table 2 Example 2 Project Data –CHP before Overhaul
CHP Data Approach Metered Data

Type of Fuel Input into CHP unit Natural Gas
Use of Heat Generated by CHP unit Hot Water
Actual Operational Hours 15 hours a day, seven days a week - 5,475
Metered Average Daily Electrical Output (kWh) 1,480
Metered Annual Electricity Generated (kWh) 8,103,000 (1,480 x 5,475)
Metered Electrical Efficiency (%) 27.90
Metered Thermal Efficiency (%) 45.70
Table 3 Example 2 Project Data - CHP after Overhaul
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Figure 11 below represents the results of inserting Table 2 baseline data into the Excel tool. As we can see
before the overhaul the CHP was producing per annum PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS of 3,636,097 kWh.
Figure 12 represents the results of inserting Table 3 reporting data into the Excel tool. After the CHP
overhaul PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS of 3,372,977 kWh are achieved. In total this project is eligible for
savings of 263,120 kWh, i.e. 3,372,977(reporting) – 3,6363,097(baseline) = 263,120 kWh.
Figure 11 Example 2 – Baseline Period PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Calculations
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Figure 12 Example 2 - Reporting Period PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Calculations
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Appendix A - Annex I of 2015/2402/EC
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Appendix B – Annex II of 2015/2402/EC
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Appendix C – Annex III of 2015/2402/EC
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Appendix D– Annex IVof 2015/2402/EC
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Appendix E – Primary Energy Savings Formula Derivation

Please note that this derivation was generated by SEAI.First Principles for Micro-Generation Primary Energy
Savings
𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑

𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 = 𝑏𝑦 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 − 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑟𝑜 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑒
𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑟𝑒𝑓 − 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑟𝑜
𝐸𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝐸𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝑃𝐸𝑆 = −
𝑅𝑒𝑓𝜂 𝑀𝑖𝑐𝑟𝑜𝜂
1.1.1. Verification of First Principles
Considering these first principles in relation to a CHP, where fuel in to a combined heat and power unit is
displacing fuel into separate thermal and electrical generation units
𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑

𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 = 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 − 𝑖𝑛 𝐶𝐻𝑃
𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑏𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟 + 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 − 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝐶𝐻𝑃
𝐸ℎ 𝐸𝑒 𝐸ℎ
𝑃𝐸𝑆 = + −
𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐻𝜂 𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐸𝜂 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂
Page 30
This equation will now be re-arranged to arrive at the CHP equation in the energy efficiency directive.
Dividing across by the ‘fuel consumed in separate thermal and electrical power generation devices’:
𝑃𝐸𝑆 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝐶𝐻𝑃
= % 𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 1 −
𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑏𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟 + 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑏𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟 + 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝐸ℎ
𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂
% 𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 1 −
𝐸ℎ 𝐸𝑒
+
𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐻𝜂 𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐸𝜂
Multiplying the numerator and denominator of the large fraction by 𝐸ℎ
𝐸ℎ
𝐸ℎ
% 𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 1 − ∗
𝐸ℎ 𝐸𝑒 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂
+
𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐻𝜂 𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐸𝜂 𝐸ℎ
1
% 𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 1 −
𝐸ℎ 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂 𝐸𝑒 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂
+
𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐻𝜂 𝐸ℎ 𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐸𝜂 𝐸ℎ
𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐸𝜂 𝐸ℎ
Replacing the second with because the following relationship holds that 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝐶𝐻𝑃 = =
𝐸ℎ 𝐸𝑒 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂
𝐸𝑒
𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐸𝜂
1
% 𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 1 −
𝐸ℎ 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂 𝐸𝑒 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐸𝜂
+
𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐻𝜂 𝐸ℎ 𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐸𝜂 𝐸𝑒
Page 31
Cancelling out similar terms
1
% 𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 1 −
𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐻𝜂 𝐶𝐻𝑃 𝐸𝜂
+
𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐻𝜂 𝑅𝑒𝑓 𝐸𝜂
Which is the equation in the Energy Efficiency Directive to calculate the percentage energy savings from co-
generation.
Page 32

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Energy Efficiency

Obligation Scheme CHP

Queries please contact [email protected]

1.1.Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme

1.3.Guide to Using Excel Tool

1.3.1. CHP Data Approach

1.3.1.1. No Metered Data Approach

Projected Annual Operational Hours of the CHP unit

Rated Electrical Output (kW) of the CHP unit

Rated Thermal Efficiency (%) of the CHP unit.

Rated Electrical Efficiency (%) of the CHP Unit

Projected Annual Electricity Generated Consumed On-Site (kWh)

𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑦 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑(𝑘𝑊ℎ)

Projected Annual Fuel Input (kWh)

𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑦 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑(𝑘𝑊ℎ)

Projected Useful Heat Generated Consumed on site (kWh)

1.3.1.2. Metered Data Approach

Metered Annual Operational Hours of the CHP unit

Rated Electrical Output (kW) of the CHP unit

Rated Thermal Efficiency (%) of the CHP unit.

Rated Electrical Efficiency (%) of the CHP Unit

Metered Annual Electricity Generated Consumed On-Site (kWh)

Metered Annual Fuel Input (kWh)

𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑦 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑(𝑘𝑊ℎ)

Metered Useful Heat Generated Consumed on site (kWh)

1.3.2. Fuel Category

1.3.3. Type of Fuel

1.3.4. Year of Construction

1.3.5. Proposed Use of Heat by CHP unit

1.3.6. Onsite Voltage levels

Required Documents with All Applications

1. Form A and Form B completed as per standards of EEOS Guidance Document.2

6. Any other calculations were appropriate to substantiate claims.

2.1.Example 1 – New CHP Installation

CHP Data Approach No Metered Data

Figure 7 Snapshot of Example 1 Applicant information inputted into Excel model

Figure 8 Summary of CHP from Example 1

Figure 9 Separate Production Reference Values from Example 1

Figure 10 Total Primary Energy Savings from Example 1

2.2.Example 2 – CHP Upgrades

CHP Data Approach Metered Data

CHP Data Approach Metered Data

Figure 11 Example 2 – Baseline Period PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Calculations

Figure 12 Example 2 - Reporting Period PRIMARY ENERGY SAVINGS Calculations

Appendix A - Annex I of 2015/2402/EC

Appendix B – Annex II of 2015/2402/EC

Appendix C – Annex III of 2015/2402/EC

Appendix D– Annex IVof 2015/2402/EC

Appendix E – Primary Energy Savings Formula Derivation

𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑

𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑟𝑒𝑓 − 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑟𝑜

1.1.1. Verification of First Principles

𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑

𝑃𝐸𝑆 = 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑏𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟 + 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 − 𝐸𝑖𝑛,𝐶𝐻𝑃

Cancelling out similar terms

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