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Department of Computer Engineering: Experiment No.2

This document describes Experiment No. 2 on OLAP operations from a Data Warehousing and Mining lab. It defines four types of OLAP servers - ROLAP, MOLAP, HOLAP, and specialized SQL servers. It then explains the main OLAP operations - roll-up, drill-down, slice, dice, and pivot. Finally, it provides a case study example of a data warehouse for a hospital with three dimensions and demonstrates how the OLAP operations can be applied.

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52 views8 pages

Department of Computer Engineering: Experiment No.2

This document describes Experiment No. 2 on OLAP operations from a Data Warehousing and Mining lab. It defines four types of OLAP servers - ROLAP, MOLAP, HOLAP, and specialized SQL servers. It then explains the main OLAP operations - roll-up, drill-down, slice, dice, and pivot. Finally, it provides a case study example of a data warehouse for a hospital with three dimensions and demonstrates how the OLAP operations can be applied.

Uploaded by

Bhumi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Computer Engineering

Experiment No.2

Semester T.E. Semester V– Computer Engineering


Subject Data warehousing & Mining Lab
Subject Professor In-charge Prof. Prita Patil
Assisting Teachers Prof. Prita Patil
Laboratory MS-Team

Student Name Pratik Haldankar


Roll Number 20102A2006
Grade and Subject
Teacher’s Signature

Experiment Number 2

Experiment Title OLAP operations

Resources / Apparatus Required Hardware: Software:


Computer system Text Editor(MS-Word)

Theory
Theory:-

Online Analytical Processing Server (OLAP) is based on


multidimensional data model. It allows the managers , analysts to get
insight the information through fast, consistent, interactive access to
information.

Types of OLAP Servers

We have four types of OLAP servers that are listed below.

• Relational OLAP(ROLAP)

• Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP)

• Hybrid OLAP (HOLAP)

• Specialized SQL Servers

Relational OLAP(ROLAP)

The Relational OLAP servers are placed between relational back-end


server and client front-end tools. To store and manage warehouse
Department of Computer Engineering
Experiment No.2
data the Relational OLAP use relational or extended-relational DBMS.

ROLAP includes the following.

• implementation of aggregation navigation logic.

• optimization for each DBMS back end.

• additional tools and services.

Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP)

Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP) uses the array-based


multidimensional storage engines for multidimensional views of
data.With multidimensional data stores, the storage utilization may
be low if the data set is sparse. Therefore many MOLAP Server uses
the two level of data storage representation to handle dense and
sparse data sets.

Hybrid OLAP (HOLAP)

The hybrid OLAP technique combination of ROLAP and MOLAP both.


It has both the higher scalability of ROLAP and faster computation of
MOLAP. HOLAP server allows to store the large data volumes of
detail data. the aggregations are stored separated in MOLAP store.

Specialized SQL Servers

specialized SQL servers provides advanced query language and query


processing support for SQL queries over star and snowflake schemas
in a read-only environment.

OLAP Operations

As we know that the OLAP server is based on the multidimensional


view of data hence we will discuss the OLAP operations in
multidimensional data.

Here is the list of OLAP operations.

• Roll-up

• Drill-down

• Slice and dice

• Pivot (rotate)
Department of Computer Engineering
Experiment No.2
ROLL-UP

This operation performs aggregation on a data cube in any of the


following way:

• By climbing up a concept hierarchy for a dimension

• By dimension reduction.

Consider the following diagram showing the roll-up operation.

• The roll-up operation is performed by climbing up a concept


hierarchy for the dimension location.

• Initially the concept hierarchy was "street < city < province <
country".

• On rolling up the data is aggregated by ascending the


location hierarchy from the level of city to level of country.

• The data is grouped into cities rather than countries.

• When roll-up operation is performed then one or more


dimensions from the data cube are removed.

DRILL-DOWN

Drill-down operation is reverse of the roll-up. This operation is


performed by either of the following way:

• By stepping down a concept hierarchy for a dimension.

• By introducing new dimension.

Consider the following diagram showing the drill-down operation:

• The drill-down operation is performed by stepping down a


concept hierarchy for the dimension time.

• Initially the concept hierarchy was "day < month < quarter <
year."

• On drill-up the time dimension is descended from the level


quarter to the level of month.

• When drill-down operation is performed then one or more


Department of Computer Engineering
Experiment No.2
dimensions from the data cube are added.

• It navigates the data from less detailed data to highly


detailed data.

SLICE

The slice operation performs selection of one dimension on a given


cube and give us a new sub cube. Consider the following diagram
showing the slice operation.

• The Slice operation is performed for the dimension time


using the criterion time ="Q1".

• It will form a new sub cube by selecting one or more


dimensions.

DICE

The Dice operation performs selection of two or more dimension on


a given cube and give us a new subcube. Consider the following
diagram showing the dice operation:

The dice operation on the cube based on the following selection


criteria that involve three dimensions.

• (location = "Toronto" or "Vancouver")

• (time = "Q1" or "Q2")

• (item =" Mobile" or "Modem").

PIVOT

The pivot operation is also known as rotation.It rotates the data axes
in view in order to provide an alternative presentation of
data.Consider the following diagram showing the pivot operation.

In this the item and location axes in 2-D slice are rotated.
Case Study Description A data warehouse hospital where there are three dimensions:
Department of Computer Engineering
Experiment No.2
a.)Doctor b.)Patient c.)Time

Consider two measures

1)Count

2)Charge where charge is the fee that the doctor charges a


patient for a visit.

For the above example the OLAP operations are as follows:


Department of Computer Engineering
Experiment No.2
Department of Computer Engineering
Experiment No.2
Department of Computer Engineering
Experiment No.2

Conclusion
For given data warehouse different OLAP operations were performed
which made it easier to understand the information present in the
warehouse.

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