Computer Vision
Lecture (1)
Course Outline
This course is an introductory course to image processing and
computer vision. The main objectives of this course are to:
• Identify difference between image processing & computer
vision.
• Identify different data structures for image analysis.
• Identify and understand image features.
Grading
• The degrees of this course are divided as:
No. Evaluation Method Degrees
1 Final Term Examination (mcq) 50
2 Mid Term Examination (mcq) 20
3 Final term Project / Practical 15
4 Reports and Quizzes 10
5 Sections absence 5
Total 100
Introduction
• Humans are extremely good in understanding the world from
visual input alone.
• For example, Looking at a framed group portrait, human can
easily count (and name) all of the people in the picture and even
guess at their emotions from their facial appearance.
• This comes so easy to us that we underestimate how difficult
perception it is, and how hard it is for machines.
So, what does it mean “To see” ?
• To know what is where by looking.
• To discover from images what is present in the world, where
things are, what actions are taking place, to predict and
anticipate events in the world.
However, …
Optical
Illusion
Optical Illusion
Optical Illusion
Optical Illusion
What is Computer Vision ?
• Computer vision is a subfield of AI focused on getting machines
to see as humans do.
• It seeks to automate tasks that the human visual system can do.
• In simple words, computer vision is to make computers
understand images and video.
Goal
The goal of computer
vision is to bridge the
gap between Pixels
and Meaning.
What we see What a computer sees
Difference between image processing & computer vision
• Image Processing: process image
➢ Input: Image
➢ Output: Image
• Computer Vision: try to emulate human vision
➢ Input: Image, image sequence, video
➢ Output: decision , classification,…
• Image processing is one part of computer vision.
• Computer vision system uses the image processing algorithms.
Robotics
Machine
Learning
Computer Vision Human Computer
Interaction
Image Processing
Graphics
Feature Matching Medical Imaging
Recognition
Computational
Photography
Neuroscience
Optics
Computer vision system
Why study computer vision?
• Vision is useful: Images and video are everywhere!
Personal photo albums Movies, news,
sports
Medical and scientific images
Surveillance and security
Image Retrieval
• Identify a picture
from a large
database or on
the web without
words.
Optical character recognition (OCR)
• Technology to convert scanned docs to text.
License Plates
Face detection
• Many digital cameras now detect faces.
Smile detection
3D model building
• Computing the 3D shape of the world.
Internet Photos (“Colosseum”) Reconstructed 3D cameras and points 3D model
التحليل الجنائي Forensics
Biometrics
Fingerprint scanners on
many new laptops and Face recognition systems now appear more widely
other devices
Vision based interaction & Games
Nintendo Wii has camera-based IR Kinect
tracking built in.
Smart cars
Self-driving cars
Google Waymo
Medical imaging
3D imaging Image guided surgery
MRI, CT
Current state of the art
• You just saw many examples of current systems:
➢ Many of these are less than 5 years old
• This is a very active research area, and rapidly changing:
➢ Many new apps in the next 5 years.
➢ Deep learning powering many modern applications.
However, …
Computer vision is difficult, why?
Viewpoint variation
Illumination Scale
Computer vision is difficult, why?
Motion
Intra-class variation
Background clutter
