Effectiveness of CCTV camera Installation in Crime Prevention of Mall Establishments in SM

Lipa City

By

Marc D. Pardonzalan

Niel Bryan Razon

Joed Baes Sulit

Mariel Castillo

John Paul

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the subject

Ged 102- Mathematics in the Modern World

Course: Bachelor of Science in Criminology

Batangas State University

Main I
2021
Introduction

As nations develop and our economies grow bigger the number of persons in one community are

also increasing. One of the concerns of the citizen is to maintain of peace in their areas. We need to

monitor the every movements of each person because anyone can be a victim of crime that drives

them to fear and restless, various psychologists wondering what is the different explanations in a

crime when there is no witness, who is the possible victim and the offender and the fact that crime is

everywhere. As government they should do their responsibilities and take it action, launch innovations

to prevent the crime in a certain place like malls. One of these innovations is installation of CCTV

cameras. The CCTV camera has become known nationwide and grown rapidly since the technology

introduced. The main goal of CCTV cameras is to prevention of crime and observe the movements of

people in one certain place. The CCTV Camera are public reassurance to decreased the crime and

fear the persons to commit a crime. It can be placed inside or outside of a large building, wide

establishments, houses, school and areas such as park or malls. It also provided on streets to monitor

the movements of the vehicle if there is an accident, high traffic or low traffic. It is also tested that is

useful to provide as solid evidences in crimes. But in this research we are only focusing the

effectiveness of CCTV cameras in some establishments in SM Lipa. Installing CCTV Cameras that

helps to monitor areas outside and inside of the mall like food courts, walkways and parking lots.

CCTV Cameras captures excellent image and quality and provides security departments with a clear

picture of the mall surroundings in real time and recordings. Since some other malls are using CCTV

cameras as a security guard to monitor the every movement of persons. So they can easily detect if

there is a criminal behavior monitoring the live video. The CCTV cameras should be placed it well so it

can capture the best video.

According to Fiber Plus (2018)Even the presence of a commercial CCTV system can

make patrons and employees both feel much safer. We all tend to think of CCTV systems as

preventative measures that stop wrong-doers before they even start, so anyone under the watch of a
camera system is much more likely to feel safe and comfortable in a retail setting. Additionally, for

employees, it encourages better productivity since all of their actions within the store are being

monitored for future reference. And candidly, almost half of shrinkage is a result of store employee

theft.

The researchers choose to conduct a study on titled Effectiveness of CCTV Cameras

Instalation in Crime Prevention of Mall establishments in SM Lipa City due to increasing of numbers of

crimes everywhere and before it happens we must take an action to prevent it. It will tackles about the

effectiveness of cctv cameras in malls that we hopefully more likely this research will be useful and

individual will find it interesting. We as a researcher are gladly represent this research with great time

and efforts.

https://caseguard.com/articles/shopping-mall-surveillance-and-redaction/

https://www.fiberplusinc.com/helpful-information/commercial-cctv-cameras-advisable-malls-retailers/

Background of the Study

As countries develop and their economies grow, social problems also intensify. A great

concern is about peace and order as well as the safety and security of the people. Different

psychologists will provide different explanations in the cases of crime but what is apparent even to the

most innocent individual is that crimes are everywhere. Anyone can be a victim of crime; which instills

fear in many people. Knowing its responsibility, the governments of different countries have launched

different innovations on how to prevent crimes. One of these innovations is the use of CCTV.

A common goal of most CCTV systems has been the prevention of crime and disorder

through deterrence. Claims are also made that CCTV provides public reassurance and therefore
reduces fear of crime, which may, in turn, increase the use of public spaces (Bennett & Gelsthorpe,

2010). CCTV is popular used worldwide. It can be found in large buildings, wide establishments or

places such as malls or parks. It also needs to streets for traffic flow monitoring and management.

This is effectiveness to provide useful information and it is proved by many agencies and

establishments. In California and neighbors state, ‘CCTVs’ have been used by security measures

such as special identity of people before entering into an absolute security facilities such as pent

house and executive office. In the Philippines, CCTV has been popular on stores, gasoline stations,

streets, elevators, laboratory, banks, condominiums, private schools, hallways and privately owned

area.

Batangas City, Lipa City and other cities in the countrydevelopment through a growing

number of facilities, establishments, and roadways. It has also embraced the installation and use of

CCTV in malls, educational institutions, banks, and intersections and diversion roads to provide

coverage on their area of responsibility. SM City Batangas and SM City Lipa are always visited by

people especially SM Lipa, maybe the terminal is also here.

Recently, 30-year-old man died on the spot after he was shot by still unidentified suspect at

the SM Terrminal in barangay Marawoy, Lipa City. According to P/Lt. Col. Lory Tarrazona, Lipa City

police chief, identified the victim as Rodante Pesigan, a resident of Barangay Kayumanggi. The initial

police investigation said at about 11:10 am, the victim was onboard a tricycle when shot by

perpetrators. At the said instance, the victim was able to alight and ran towards the said terminal but

was chased and shot several times by the gunman. The victim sustained gunshot wounds on his head

and body, causing his instantaneous demise while the suspect immediately escaped towards

unknown direction after the incident. Likewise, a Toyota Hi-Ace van (Plate No. DAT 6663) and another

Hi-Ace van with conduction sticker YT 5184 were hit by stray bullet while parked at the said terminal.

Authorities are still investigating the identity of the suspect and the motive for the crime. (Luistro,

2021)

The popularity and use of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) the camera has grown rapidly

since the technology first introduced. As student under the BS Criminology Program and with
motivation from two professional courses, the researchers became extremely interested in exploring

all the ways in which crime could be committed reduce. The researchers chose to conduct the study

with CCTV cameras due to the increasing number of violations committed by the community

members, the irregularities committed by people around the area, the different people interacting with

the constituent areas and varied incidents to events that can be resolved with the help of CCTV

footage. This study can be used as the basis for improving future generation technology. In addition, it

the study is anchored in the concept of how effective CCTV is cameras as tools for the safety and

security of community properties.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed at Effectiveness of CCTV Camera Installation in Crime Prevention of Mall

Establishments in SM Batangas City and SM Lipa City.

Specifically , it intended to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1. Age;

1.2. Gender;

1.3. Position

1.4 Civil status .

2.How effective are the CCTV Cameras in security system of mall establishments in terms of:

2.1 security

2.2 prevention/solving of crime

3. Is there a significant difference in the effectiveness of cctv cameras in the security of mall

establishments when grouped according to their profile variables?

 4. Based on the results and findings, what recommendations can be given to the proprietor of mall

establishments to address the issue of additional safety and security of the shoppers?

Chapter 2

REVIEWS OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter includes the ideas, finished thesis generalization or conclusion, methodologies and

others. Those that were included in this chapter helps in familiarizing information that are relevant and

similar to the present study.

Related Literature

Foreign

Stated by IFSEC (2020) Many countries now employ public video surveillance as a

primary tool to monitor population movements and to prevent crime and terrorism, both in the private

and public sectors. Councils, law enforcement and security management professionals in the UK rely

heavily on video surveillance as a tool to fight crime and prevent terrorism. It is now estimated that

there are around 5.2 million CCTV cameras in the UK, with one camera for every 13 people – this

number encompasses everything from public surveillance, through to private business operated

cameras and even doorbell cameras. Since this article was first put together in 2014, the capabilities

of video surveillance systems have been transformed by fundamental shifts in how digital data is

gathered, analyzed, shared and stored. Security cameras are already playing a key role in the drive to

smarter cities and the burgeoning industrial internet of things. Deep learning and AI is becoming more

prevalent, as cameras are able to more accurately gather data and make predictions based on

integrated analytical software manufacturers have developed. While the shift to a ‘smart home’

environment is also playing its role, as consumers have easier access than ever to easy-to-install

wireless devices and doorbell cameras. The UK is recognized as a leading user of CCTV and the
public are used to seeing CCTV cameras on virtually every high street. Such systems continue to

enjoy general public support but they do involve intrusion into the lives of ordinary people as they go

about their day to day business and can raise wider privacy concerns. The potential value of public

surveillance technology was well demonstrated all the way back in April, 2013 when investigators

identified the two suspects in the Boston Marathon bombing after sifting through video images

captured by the city’s cameras. The Boston bombers were apprehended quickly due to surveillance

cameras. While there is no dispute over how well the public cameras worked on that day, many

lingering questions remain and will continue to drive debate for the foreseeable future. There are

many metro / mega cities in India going for City Surveillance Projects, and, before implementing

authorities make a shemozzle of ‘policy vacuum’, some regulatory mechanisms are needed to be put

in place.

Local

Stated by Lopez (2018) A Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) system is made up of

cameras capturing and transmitting data to a video recorder or display monitor via cables or wireless

communication links. It is considered closed-circuit because its signals are transmitted only to those

authorized to access the system. Data captured usually consist of video only, although both video and

audio are possible in some cases. Strategic placement of the cameras and monitoring their footages

are vital to the effectiveness of the system.

These days, there is widespread use of CCTV systems in public places—in business

establishments, government offices, parks, schools, streets, buses, and even along the routes of

public utility vehicles. In Congress, there have even been bills that calling for their mandatory

installation in public places and public utility vehicles. Meanwhile, their popularity among residential

areas and private establishments has long been on the rise. This should be no surprise, given their

proven uses and benefits in areas like crime prevention and investigation, traffic monitoring, and

perimeter security. 
 CCTV technologies have also seen many innovations through the years. From the early analog

cameras, Internet Protocol (IP) CCTV systems are now commonplace. They use cameras that capture

digital images transmitted through long-range wireless communication links. Other notable

improvements include video content analysis, use of facial and automatic number plate recognition, as

well as the development of high definition (HD) cameras, wireless technology, and Internet of Things

(IoT). These, in turn, have additional features like zoom, and remote access and monitoring through

smart phones or tablets.

All these changes have not been without issues. People are now raising concerns about

information security and data privacy. And rightly so. CCTVs are highly susceptible to abuse, some

argue. Others point to their vulnerability to cybersecurity threats, which are also becoming more

prevalent.

To address these issues, guidelines have been proposed. They include

 A CCTV system operation must have due regard for people’s privacy and their right to conduct

or engage in lawful activities.

 The owner/operator of a CCTV system should be publicly known to ensure accountability, and

even registered, if necessary.

 Signage informing the public of the existence of CCTV cameras should be posted in a visible

and distinct manner, located in areas with good lighting.

 Recorded material should not be released to the media, unless necessary to verify the identity

and whereabouts of an individual wanted for a crime or to provide critical information to the

community.

 Recorded material should be disposed of in a secure manner to prevent further reproduction.

Guidelines alone, though, do not offer absolute protection against all perceived threats and

risks. They must always be reassessed and revised to ensure effectiveness. They must also be

complemented by technical security measures like encryption and anti-malware applications.

 Ultimately, CCTV systems, like any available technology, must be evaluated in its entirety—

benefits and risks included. Every effort must be made to attain equilibrium such that the right of an

individual to security is maintained without having to sacrifice too much of his or her privacy.

Related Studies

Local

Stated by the researchers Cuevas, Corachea, Escabel Bautista (2016) A common goal of most

CCTV systems has been the prevention of crime and disorder through deterrence. Claims are also

made that CCTV provides public reassurance and therefore reduces fear of crime, which may, in turn,

increase the use of public spaces (Bennett & Gelsthorpe, 2010). CCTV has popularly been used

worldwide. It can be found in large buildings, wide establishments or areas such as malls or park. It is

also need on streets for monitoring and supervising traffic flow. Its effectiveness to provide useful

information has been attested by many agencies and establishments. In California and neighboring

states, CCTV‘s were used of security measure such as identification of people specially before

entering a highly security facility such as pent house and executive offices.

In the Philippines, CCTV has been popular on stores, gasoline stations, streets, elevators,

laboratory, banks, condominiums, hallways and privately owned area. One of the most popular use of

CCTV was the case of It‘s Showtime Host, Vhong Navarro, against Cedric Lee and Deniece Cornejo

where it proved several points such as identification of people involved and time lapsed when incident

happened. Also, the case wherein Magaspac‘s identity was revealed; PO3 Magaspac a traffic police

at Pasay who was caught asking extra money to truck drivers passing the expressway.

Batangas City, like many other cities in the country leaps to progress by its growing

number of facilities, establishments, and roadways. It has also embraced the installation and use of

CCTV in malls, educational institutions, banks, and intersections and diversion roads to provide

coverage on their area of responsibility. The resident however, is not anymore surprised to its
presence because of its popularity, its functional use and capability as security tool. LPU-B for

instance, encoded time of employees’ attendance, student behavior inside laboratory and classrooms

that evidence a query through CCTV footage supervised and monitored by MIS Department in cases

of property destruction or stealing. Police officers in Batangas City, Philippines use them to prevent

crime and catch lawbreakers in the act. The residents downtown of the same cities help the police

officers to minimize various criminal activities. The researchers chose to conduct the study on CCTV

cameras due to the increasing number of violations done by the community members, the

irregularities made by the people around the area, the different person in contact with the premises

and various incidents during events that can be solved through the aid of CCTV footages. This study

could be used as basis for the improvement of the future generation technology. In addition, this study

was anchored on the concept of how effective are CCTV cameras as tool for community properties’

safety and security.

Foreign

According to the researchers Cayetano, Santos, Tolentino (2021)People always want to be

safe, whether it is for their property, loved ones and of course for their own lives. That “need” is already innate

to people. No one would like to be prone in harm or danger even other living things. Having the sense of being

secured and protected keeps people in dealing with other people. But because we have our own way of dealing

to different types of people whom we meet in our daily lives, that’s the moment it prevents us from trusting a

total stranger regardless of their interest.

Being away from home or from business establishments makes I worry. And honestly speaking,

I do everything just to make sure that our property is free from danger. We used different kinds of locks

introduced in the markets and even installed various alarm systems and yet we are not satisfied with it. For a fact

that it is much idealistic if the identity of the perpetrator will be given.

Having a clear picture of a violator whether he is a thief or an intruder makes one’s search

easier. Even on the time of Alphonse Bertillion who first associated the use of photography in police work,
wherein he introduced mug shot for capturing one’s image and then compile it in so called rouges gallery—a

collection of photographs of criminal and suspects . Being aware that it is created by man, it is still subject for

vulnerability. Though it is considered that mug shot of Alphonse Bertillion became useful it is still insufficient,

crimes still exist. Further studies and inventions are still needed. It seems that we need a device that is capable of

monitoring and recording the occurrence in our homes while were gone.

The usage of CCTV technology was then introduced by engineer Walter Bruch of Germany in the

year 1942 but not for the purpose of security, it was set up for monitoring V-2 rockets. But it was not until 1949;

the technology was launched on a commercial basis. In that year, an American government contractor named

Vericon began promoting the system. These primitive solutions comprised cameras and monitors and they could

only be used for live monitoring. They did not have components that allowed users to record footage.  

Because of the continuous studies done by man, a major development in the history of CCTV occurred

when video cassette recordings (VCRs) became widely available in the 1970s. This technology was quickly

incorporated into surveillance systems, offering a new way for the cameras to be used, wherein its first

appearances was in 1973 in Times Square in New York City and the New York Police District (NYPD) was the

first to install the CCTV in order to deter crime in their area however, crime rates did not appear to drop much

due to the cameras.

Nevertheless, during the 1980s video surveillance began to spread across the country specifically

targeting public areas. It was seen as a cheaper way to deter crime compared to increasing the size of the police

departments.

Now it is no longer necessary for people to monitor the screens live. Instead, the systems could be set

up and left to run by them. Users could then review the information recorded as and when they wanted to. And

this made CCTV much more popular among business establishments especially those that were prone to theft.

Another significant development in the history of CCTV occurred during the 1990s, when multiplexing

solutions became available. This technology allows video signals from a number of CCTV cameras to be
combined and displayed on one monitor. And from the mid-1990s on, police departments across the country

installed an increasing number of cameras in various public spaces including housing projects, schools and

public parks departments. Following the attacks on September 11, the use of video surveillance has become a

common occurrence in the country to deter future terrorist attacks. This incident made us recognized its great

contribution in crime detection and prevention that led to the makers to provide more improvements on the said

device.

The progress in digital technology have been replaced video cassette recording (VCR’s) to digital video

recording (DVRs) making CCTV systems simpler and more user-friendly.

Multiplexers are now built into these solutions, meaning the kits are easier to install and operate. Digital

systems have also removed the need for video tapes, meaning organisations no longer have to stockpile tapes in

order to store information.

CCTV cameras become convenient to us, and now in modern days, it is accepted as part of the

security measures in police works. And since most countries are now using CCTV cameras, its

reliability, durability and effectiveness must be determine and prove. Nobody would like to spent

money for a gizmo that is not functional to them.

According to the study in Harvard made by Jana Lepon and Rachel Popkin in May 14, 2007 it sought to

find that CCTV is less effective, only 4% decreased in crime in neighborhoods where CCTV has been installed.

CCTV camera is most responsible for deterring auto thefts and has the least effect in violent crimes. And

according to Officer Steven G. Catalano of the Harvard University Police Department (HUPD) though CCTV

cameras were placed around the campus it remains ineffective for it was maintained by school individuals and

departments in the university and not the (HUPD). The only cameras that HUPD has control over are the ones

installed in their station and garage.

*https://www.ifsecglobal.com/video-surveillance/role-cctv-cameras-public-privacy-protection/

*http://ateneo.edu/udpo/article/CCTVs_and_Privacy?
fbclid=IwAR0Vx3LeYMc7IaqnJI1BrllOncipAsiqNMRe0GufRC8sGfU-9CIUapGTxlE
*https://research.lpubatangas.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/CRIM-2016-003.pdf

*https://www.academia.edu/23246050/New_thesis

Conceptual Literature

Installation of CCTV camera have effects to the malls that serve as a security system to

monitor every movements of a person in a mall establishments to prevent crimes and the safety of the

citizen.

Safety of
Citizen

Monitor

Mall
CCTV establishments
Camera
Prevent crimes

Security system

Synthesis
 Now a day’s technology becomes more high tech and known in various nationwide. It has big help

and impact for us in our job; school activities, to communicate and so on. It makes easier to us to do

our task and likes. In crime investigations they also made a high-tech camera that can be used to

crime investigation, to ease the investigation and serve as solid proof in crime investigation that

recorded the past attempts, and also to reduce the crime. These high-tech securities are called CCTV

or Closed-circuit television. CCTV cameras have a big contribution to us from crime preventions and

for the safety of ourselves beloved ones. CCTV is not only does have the ability to take the place of

police or security officers but also enhance officer's capabilities. It is proven that CCTV is an effective

tool in detecting crimes and perpetrators of it. It also helps the police to reduce the time and cost of

investigating and allegations that also improve the as a personal security. Security cameras can be

placed in malls, streets, parks, buses and especially to our homes for the safety and security of

ourselves and families. But then even though the CCTV (Closed-circuit television) has a big help to

us. It still has a disadvantage to the citizens. One of the biggest disadvantages of the CCTV cameras

(Closed circuit television) use deals with privacy, especially when used in the work place. While it may

be there help keep employees and customers safe, they may object to being filmed under constant

surveillance. They feel like they aren’t trusted which is not good for business. But then CCTV cameras

are really help full in our community and not only one person has benefits of it. But also to all citizens

in one area who have CCTV camera.

 Chapter 3

Data Gathering Instrument

On the time of our survey we used gadgets such as cellphone,laptop and internet connection

to distribute our questionnaire to our respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

Before we distribute our survey we ask a permission to the manager/owner of the mall

establishments of the respondents, on our subject teacher on GED 102- Mathematics in the Modern

World and also to the respondents .Then after this procedure we started to distibute our questionnaire

on our respondents.
 CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter will tackle the summary of the findings of the collected data. This includes the

demographic profile of the respondents in terms of their age, gender and position, strand and the

frequency, percentage and rank of the respondents answers for each of the questions given.

Demographic profile:

GENDER
120

115

110

105 MALE- 98 (46.2%)

FEMALE- 114 (53.8%)
100

95

90
MALE FEMALE
 As shown the table above about Gender, according to the survey, 46.2% with the frequency of

98 Male answered, and 53.8% with the frequency of 114 Female answered.

As shown the table above about Age, according to the survey, 6.1% with the frequency of 13

answered 20 and below. 47.2% with the frequency of 100 answered 21 to 25. 27.4% with the

frequency of 58 answered 26 to 30. 15.1% with the frequency of 32 answered 31 to 40 and last is

4.2% with the frequency of 9 answered 41 and above

CIVIL
160 STATUS
140

120

100
SINGLE- 135 (63.7%)
80
MARRIED-74
60 (34.9%)
WIDOWED- 3 (1.4%)
40

20

0
SINGLE MARRIED WIDOWED
 As shown the table above about Civil Status, according to the survey, 63.7% with the frequency

of 135 Single answered. 34.9% with the frequency of 74 Married answered. 1.4% with the frequency

of 3 Widowed answered.

As shown the table above, about the position according to the survey, 78.3% with the frequency

of 166 who answered employees and 21.7% with the frequency of 46 who answered

Owner/Manager/Supervisor

Table 1
 As shown the table above, according to the survey, 84% with the frequency of 178 of

population answered highly evident, 16% with the frequency of 34 of answered evident

while both 0% with the frequency of 0 to the partially evident and no evidence to the

question” The CCTV Cameras use to apprehend criminals”

Table 2

As shown the table above, according to the survey, 60.8% with the frequency of 129 of

population answered highly evident, 39.2% with the frequency of 83 of answered evident

while both 0% with the frequency of 0 to the partially evident and no evidence to the

question "CCTV cameras helps police investigator in solving crime that may happen in the

mall by providing lead."

Protection of Staff
120

100

80

60 No Evidence-1(.5%)

40
Table 3
20

0
Highly Evident Partially No Evidence
Evident Evident
 As shown the table above, according to the survey, 46.29% with the frequent of 98

population answered highly evident, 53.3% with the frequent of 113 population answered

evident and 0% with the frequent of 0 to the partially evident while .5% with the frequent of

1 answered no evidence to the question “Protection of Staff.”

Table 4

People are afraid to commit crime

140

120

100

80
No Evidence-0(0%)
60

40

20

0
Highly Evident Evident Partially Evident No Evidence

As shown the table above, according to the survey, 27.8% with the frequent of 59

population answered highly evident, 59.9% with the frequent of 127 population answered
evident and 12.3% with the frequent of 26 population answered partially evident while 0%

with the frequent of 0 answered no evidence to the question “People are afraid to commit

crime.”

Table 5

As shown the table above, according to the survey, 72.6% with the frequent of 154

population answered highly evident, 25.9% with the frequent of 55 population answered

evident and .9% with the frequent of 2 population answered partially evident while 0% with

the frequent of 0 answered no evidence to the question “The use of CCTV camera reduces

crimes and criminals in mall area.”

Table 6
There is a feeling of safety among individuals who stay in mall areas where
ther is CCTV.
140

120

100 Highly Evident- 124 (58.5%)

Evident- 86 (40.6%)
80 Partially Evident- 1 (0.5%)
No Evidence- 0 (0%)
60

40

20

0
Highly Evident Evident Partially Evident No Evidence

As presented in the table above, it states that 58.5% with the quantity of 124 answered

highly evident, while 40.6% with the quantity of 86 answered evident and 0.5% with the

quantity of 1 answered partially evident and none answer no evidence to the question

“There is a feeling of safety among individuals who stay in mall areas where there is

CCTV”.

Table 7

The use of CCTV Camera helps to locate suspicious character in the mall
establishments.
180

160

140
Highly Evident- 154 (72.6%)
120 Evident- 53 (26.9%)
100 Partially Evident- 1 (0.5%)
No Evidence- 0 (0%)
80

60

40

20

0
Highly Evident Evident Partially Evident No Evidence
As presented in the table above, it states that 72.6% with the quantity of 154 answered

highly evident, while 26.9% with the quantity of 53 answered evident and 0.5% with the

quantity of 1 answered partially evident and none answer no evidence to the inquiry “The

use of CCTV Camera helps to locate suspicious character in the mall establishments”.

Table 8

180

160 Monitor the movements of the customers, employees, and action of

perpetrators.
140

120

100

80
Highly Evident- 153 (72.2%)
60 Evident- 58 (27.4%)
40 Partially Evident- 1 (0.5%)

20

0
Highly Evident Evident Partially Evident No Evidence

As

presented in the table above, it states that 72.2% with the quantity of 153 answered highly

evident, while 27.4% with the quantity of 58 answered evident and 0.5% with the quantity of
1 answered partially evident and none answer no evidence to the inquiry “Monitor the

movements of the customers, employees, and action of perpetrators.”.

Table 9

“The CCTV guards and secure mall properties against criminal

tendencies.”
180
160
140
120
100
80 No Evience-0 (0%)
60
40
20
0
Highly Evident Evident Partially Evident No Evidence

As shown the table above, according to the survey, 72.6% with the frequency of 154 of

population answered highly evident, 27.4 % with the frequency of 58 of answered evident

while both 0% with the frequency of 0 to the partially evident and no evidence to the

question “The CCTV guards and secure mall properties against criminal tendencies.”

Table 10
 As

shown the table above, according to the survey, 68.9% with the frequency of 146

population answered highly evident, 30.2% with the frequency of 64 answered evident and

9% with the frequency of 2 answered to the partially evident while 0% with the frequency of

0 to the No evidence to the question “Monitors the incoming and outgoing individuals.

Table 11

The CCTV records the position of the property and where and
how they are stolen
180
160
140
120
100 No Evidence-0(0%)
80
60
40
20
0
Highly Evident Partially No Evidence
Evident Evident
 As shown the table above, according to the survey, 79.2% with the frequency of

168 population answered highly evident, 19.8% with the frequency of 42 answered evident

and 9% with the frequency of 2 answered partially evident while 0% with the frequency of 0

answered no evidence to the question “The CCTV records the position of the property and

where and how they are stolen.”

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECCOMENDATIONS

This chapter will discuss the findings of the research, the conclusion and the

recommendation of the research questions. The research sought to find the Effectiveness

of CCTV camera Installation in Crime Prevention of Mall Establishments in SM Lipa City.

The researchers choose (212) Manager/Owner/Supervisor, Employee respondents from

Mall establishments of SM Lipa City. The conducted study made use of the quantitative

design and utilized the questionnaires as the instrument for data collection.

The current study was to answer the following research questions:

1.What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.4. Age;

1.5. Gender;

1.6. Position

1.4 Civil status .

2.How effective are the CCTV Cameras in security system of mall establishments in terms

of:

2.1 security

2.2 prevention/solving of crime

3. Is there a significant difference in the effectiveness of cctv cameras in the security of mall

establishments when grouped according to their profile variables?

4. Based on the results and findings, what recommendations can be given to the proprietor

of mall establishments to address the issue of additional safety and security of the

shoppers?

Summary of Findings

After carefully conducted and thorough analysis of the data collected during the study,

researchers came upon the following.

1. The respondents are composed of employee, manager/owner/supervisor of the SM mall

establishments in Lipa City. Both male and female with the ranging of age 20 and below to

40 years old , and also their civil status if they are single, married or widow became our

respondents on this research.

2.1 Security:

Our respondents employee,manager/owner/supervisor has described the

effectiveness of CCTV camera in security mall establishments in terms of security are the

following ; there is feeling of safety among individuals who stay in mall areas where is their

CCTV with a relative frequency of 58.5 % they observed that people are afraid to commit
crime. It monitor the movements of the customers, employees, and action of perpetrators

who is incoming and out going individuals to help to reduce the crime.

2.2

Our respondents employee,manager/owner/supervisor has described the effectiveness of

CCTV camera in security mall establishments in terms of prevention/solving of crime are

the following; CCTV camera’s helps police investigators in solving a crime that may happen

in the mall providing the leads with a relative frequency of 60.8% they observe that CCTV

have records the position of the property and where and how the are stolen. It help to

apprehend the criminals and secure mall properties against criminal tendencies. Also helps

to locate suspicious character in the mall establishments

3.The researcher concluded that position have a significant relationship to the Effectiveness

of CCTV camera in mall establishments in Lipa City. On the contrary, the age , sex , civil

status has no significant relationship on the effectiveness of CCTV camera’s in mall

establishments.

4. Based in result and findings to improve the safety, security, of mall establishments

.Every mall establishments should applied CCTV camera to the safety and security of our

dear employees and customers to the person with suspicious character and to prevent

crimes.