A Detailed Lesson Plan

in Mathematics Grade 8

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. translate verbal phrases to mathematical equations; and
b. solve age-related problems involving systems of linear equations using the
substitution of elimination method.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic: Solving Problems Involving Systems of Linear Equations on Age Problems
B. References:
 Andres, Sherwin R., et al., (2014). Simplified Math for Grade 9. Salinlahi Publishing
House, Inc. page 87
 Nivera, Gladys C., et., (2008). Making Connections in Mathematics: A Worktext for
Second Year High School. Vicarish Publication & Trading, Inc. pp. 20-23
C. Materials:
 Manila Paper
 PowerPoint Presentation
D. Strategies:
 Cooperative Learning
 Discussion

III.PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Motivation

Before we go tour topic for today which is on

age related problems, let us first check and
consider your assignment.
1. The sum of two numbers is 160. Four
times the smaller number and 1/3 of the
larger number is equal to 288. Find the
two numbers. Solution:
1. a. Let x=smaller number
y=larger number
b. x + y=160 eq. 1
1
4 x+ y=288 eq. 2
3
c. Solving by elimination method,
−1 ( x+ y =160 )−x− y =−160
12 x+ y =864
 11 x=704
x=64
Solving for y,
x + y=160
64+ y=160
y=160−64
y=96
The numbers are 64 and 96.
d. Check:
Eq. 1 x + y=160
64+ 96=160
160=160
1
Eq. 2 4 x+ y=288
3
1
4 (64)+ (96)=288
3
256+32=288
288=288

Since all conditions are satisfied, hence the

solution is correct.

B. Lesson Proper

Again we will be using the steps in solving

systems of linear equations as we proceed to
our topic which is all about age relationed
problems.

What are the steps in solving problems

involving linear equations?
First is to choose on what variable will
represent the given data.
Second?
Translate the verbal phrases to mathematical
equations.
Third?
Solve the linear equations using the
substitution or the elimination method.
Lastly?
Check if the values are correct by substituting
the values to the original equation.

Very good. Let us consider these examples

for you to know how it is done.
1. Daniel is 6 years older than Kathryn.
 The sum of their ages is 42. How old
each now?
Solution:
a. Let x=age of Kathryn
y=age of Daniel
b. y=x +6 eq. 1
x + y=42 eq. 2
c. Using the substitution method,
Substituting y=x +6 to eq. 2
x + y=42
x +(x +6)=42
2 x+6=42
2 x=42−6
2 x=36
x=18
Solving for y,
y=x +6
y=18+ 6
y=24

d. Check:
Eq. 1
y=x +6
24=18+6
24=24 True
Eq. 2
x + y=42
24+ 18=42
42=42 True
Since all conditions are satisfied then,
therefore the age of Daniel is 24 while Kathryn
is 18.

2. Enrique is 5 years older than Liza. Five

years ago the sum of their ages was 25.
How old are they now?

a. Let x – age of Liza

y- age of Enrique
b. y=x+5
x−5+ y −5=25
x + y−10=25
x + y=25+10
x + y=35
c. Solving by substitution,
y=x+5
 x + y=35x + x+5=35
2 x=35−5
2 x=30
x=15solving for y,
y=x +5
y=15+ 5
y=20
d. Check:
Eq .1
y=x +5
20=15+5
20=20 True

Eq. 2
x + y=35
15+20=35
35=35 True
Since the values satisfy the equations,
therefore Liza is 15 years old and Enrique is 20
years old.

Kindly try number 3 in your notebook.

3. The present age of Jacob’s father is

three times that of Jacob. After 5 years,
sum of their ages would be 70 years.
Find their present ages. Solution:
a. Let x- Age of Jacob
y- Jacob’s Father age
b. y=3 x Eq. 1
y +5+ x +5=70
y + x +10=70
y + x=70−10
y + x=60
y + x=60 eq. 2
c. Solving by substitution.
Substitute y=3 x to equation 2,
y + x=60
3 x+ x=60
4 x=60
x=15
Solving for y,
y=3 x
y=3 ( 15 )
y=45
d. Check:
Eq. 1
 y=3 x
45=3 ( 15 )
45=45 True
Eq. 2
y + x=60
45+ 15=60
60=60 True

Since the values satisfy the equations,

therefore Jacob is 15 years old and Jacob’s
Father is 45 years old.

C. Generalization

Again, what are the steps in solving problems

involving systems of linear equations?
The steps in solving problems involving
systems of linear equations are:
1. Choose on what variable will represent
the given data.

2. Translate the verbal phrases to

mathematical equations.

3. Solve the linear equations using the

substitution or the elimination method.

4. Check if the values are correct by

substituting the values to the original
equation.

IV. EVALUATION

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Direction: Answer the problem using the steps
in solving problems. By pair in a 1 whole sheet
of paper.
Solution:
1. Karen is twice as old as Lori. Three 1.
years from now, the sum of their
ages will be 42. How old is Karen? a. Let K= Karen’s age
L= Lori’s age
b. K=2L
K+3+L+3=42
K+L+6=42
 K+L=42-6
K+L=36
K=2L eq. 1
K+L=36 eq. 2
c. Solving by substitution,
K + L=36
2 L+ L=36
3 L=36
L=12
Solving for K,
K=2 L
K=2(12)
K=24
d. Check:
Eq. 1
K=2 L
24=2(12)
24=24
Eq. 2
K + L=36
24+ 12=36
36=36

Since the values satisfy the equations then,

Karen is 24 years old and Lori is 12 years old.

V. ASSIGNMENT

Answer the item with complete solution.

1. Kevin is 5 years older than Margaret. Next year Kevin will be 2 times as old as Margaret.
How old is Kevin?

Checked by:

JOHN MICHAEL LUMABAO

Teacher Training Instructor

Date of Demonstration Teaching:

February 4, 2016