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Stats Assignment - Matrices

The document provides examples of using matrices to solve systems of linear equations. It includes examples of adding, subtracting and multiplying matrices. It also gives examples of using matrices to represent production quantities, costs, earnings and prices to solve word problems involving systems of linear equations. Matrices are used to represent systems symbolically and find their solutions numerically through matrix operations like addition, subtraction and inversion.

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Bharat Prajapati
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
138 views

Stats Assignment - Matrices

The document provides examples of using matrices to solve systems of linear equations. It includes examples of adding, subtracting and multiplying matrices. It also gives examples of using matrices to represent production quantities, costs, earnings and prices to solve word problems involving systems of linear equations. Matrices are used to represent systems symbolically and find their solutions numerically through matrix operations like addition, subtraction and inversion.

Uploaded by

Bharat Prajapati
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment Matrices

1. Find A+B and A-B

1 2 -3 -2
i. A = 3 4 B= 1 -5
5 6 4 3

1 2 3 0 -1 -2 0 1

ii. A = 4 0 2 -1 B= -2 2 -3 2

-3 2 0 2 3 -2 0 -2

2. Find AB if

i. A = 1 3 1 B= 3 -4
4 0 2 1 5
-2 2

ii. A = 2 5 B= 1 -1
1 3 -3 2

Is AB = BA?

3. (a) Show that the matrix A = 3 1 satisfies the following matrix equation:
-1 2

A2 - 5A + 7I = 0.

Hint: Here I is the 2 x 2 identity matrix and 0 is the 2 x 2 zero matrix, i.e.,

I= 1 0 and 0 = 0 0

0 1 0 0

4. If P = 1 -1 Q= p 1 and ( P + Q)2 = p2 + Q2 , find p and q


2 -1 q -1

Hint: ( P + Q )2 = ( P + Q ) ( P + Q ) = p2 + PQ + QP + Q2 = p2 + Q2 (Given)
PQ + QP = 0,
i.e., 1 -1 p 1 + p 1 1 -1 = 0 0 , etc.
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2 -1 q -1 q -1 2 -1 0 0

5. If P = 9 1 , Q= 1 7 , fing the matrix R such that 5P + 3Q + 2R is a null,


4 3 7 12
matrix.
[Hint: 5P + 3Q + 2R=0 where o is a null matrix of order 2. We have 2R = - (5P + 3Q)
or , R = - ½ (5P + 3Q), etc]

6. Show that the matrix -4 -3 -3 is its own adjoint.


1 0 1
4 4 3

7. Find the inverse of the following matrices, if invertible,

1. A= 1 -3 2 ii. A= 3 -3 4 iii. A= 1 1 -3
2 0 0 2 -3 4 2 3 2
1 4 1 0 -1 1 3 -3 4

8. Solve the following system of equations by matrix inversion method:


a. x + 2y - 4z = -3 ; 2x + 6y - 5z = -2 ; 3x + 11y - 4z = 12
b. x + y + z = 6 ; x + 2y + 3z = 14 ; -x + y – z = -2
c. 3x + 2y + 4z = 19 ; 2x – y + z = 3 ; 6x + 7y – z = 17

9. Solve the following system of equations by elementary row operations:


a. x + 2y - 2z = -1 ; 3x + y + 4z = 17 ; 5x - 3y + z = 2
b. 3x + 2y + z = 0 ; -2x - 5y + 2z = 8 ; x - y – z = -4
c. 2x - y + 3z = 9 ; x + y + z = 6 ; x - y + z = 2

10. Determine the rank of the following matrices:

a. 1 2 3 b. A= 2 1 c. A= 1 -2 3
A= 1 4 2 4 2 3 -6 9
2 6 5

d. -1 0 5 e. 4 -1 2
A= -2 1 0 A= 3 4 0
4 0 1 1 0 0

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Solutions:

1. -2 0 4 4
i) A + B = 4 -1 ; A–B= 2 9
9 9 1 3

0 0 3 1 2 4 3 -1
ii) A + B = 2 2 -5 1 ; A – B = 6 -2 1 -3
0 0 0 0 -6 4 0 4

2. i) 8 8 ; ii) -13 8 , AB ≠ BA
8 -12 -8 5

4. p = 1, q = 4; 5. -24 -10

-41/2 -51/2

7. i) 0 1/2 0 1 -1 0 -6/67 17/67 13/67


- 1/11 -1/22 2/11 ; ii) -2 3 -4 ; iii) 14/67 5/67 -8/67
4/11 -7/22 3/11 -2 3 -3 -15/67 9/67 -1/67

8. a) x = 3, y = 1, z = 2; (b) x = 1, y = 2, z = 3; (c) x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;

9. a) x = 1, y = 2, z = 3; (b) x = -1, y = 0, z = 3; (c) x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;

10. a) r(A) = 2; (b) r(A) = 1; (c) r(A) = 1; (d) r(A) = 3; (e) r(A) = 3

Assignment

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1. The following matrix gives the number of units of three products P, Q & R that can be
processed per hour on three machines A, B, & C.

A B C
P 10 12 15
Q 13 11 20
R 16 18 14

Determine by using matrix algebra, how many units of each product can be produced, if
the hours available on machines A, B, & C are 54, 46, & 48 respectively

2. Labour costs Rs.20 per hour per unit, material cost is Rs. 5 and one unit sub-contracted
work costs Rs.10. Find the total cost of manufacturing 3000, 2000, & 1000 vehicles of
type A, B & C respectively. Given that:

Vehicles Labour hours Material used Subcontracted work

A 40 100 units 50 units


B 80 150 units 80 units
C 100 250 units 100 units

3. In a certain city there are 50 colleges and 400 schools. Each school has 18 peons, 5 clerks
& 1 cashier. Each college in addition has 1 section officer and 1 librarian. The monthly
salary of each of them is as follows:
Peon: Rs.3000, Clerk: Rs.5000, Cashier: Rs.6000, Section Officer: Rs.7000 & Librarian:
Rs.9000.
Using matrix notation find:
(a) The total no. posts of each kind in schools and colleges taken together,
(b) Total monthly salary bill of all the schools and colleges taken together.

Hint: The matrix A representing the number of posts of each kind in each school and
college is:

School College
18 18 Peon
5 5 Clerk
A= 1 1 Cashier
0 1 Section Officer
0 1 Librarian

4. A motor corporation has two types of factories each producing buses and trucks. The
weekly production figures of each type of factory are as follows:

Factory A Factory B
Buses 20 30
Trucks 40 10

The corporation has 5 A factories and 7 B factories. Buses and trucks sell at Rs. 5,00,000
& 4,00,000 respectively. Express in matrix form & hence evaluate:

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(a) the total weekly production of buses and trucks;
(b) the total market value of the vehicles produced each week.

5. An investor deposited Rs.1,00,000 in a savings bank. Part of the money is invested at half
yearly rate of 5% and the remaining at annual rate of 12%. At the end of a year, he
received annual interest of Rs.11,600. Using matrix method, find out how much he
deposited at 5% half yearly rate?

Hint: Half yearly rate of 5% is equivalent to full year rate of 10%

6. Three commodities X, Y, & Z are bought and sold by A, B, & C as mentioned below:
A purchases 4 unit of Z and sells 3 units of X and 5 units of Y,
B purchases 3 units of Y and sells 2 units of X and 1 unit of Z,
C purchases 1 unit of X and sells 4 units of Y and 6 units of Z.
In the process A, B, & C earn Rs.6000, Rs.5000 & Rs.13000 respectively. Using the
matrix algebra find the prices per unit of the three commodities.

Hint: Let the prices per unit of commodities X, Y, & Z be x, y, & z respectively. Then the
given information can be presented by the following three simultaneous equations:

3x + 5y - 4z = 6000 ; 2x - 3y + z = 5000 ; -x + 4y + 6z = 13000;

Solutions:

1. Product P = 1812 units, Product Q = 2168 units and Product R = 2364 units.

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2. Rs. 1,59,50,000;

3. (a) 8100 peons; 2250 clerks; 450 cashiers; 50 section officers; 50 librarians
(b) Rs. 3,90,50,000.

4. (a) 310 buses & 270 trucks;


(b) 263,00,00,000

5. Rs.20,000

6. Price of X = Rs.3000; Price of Y = Rs.1000; Price of Z = Rs.2000

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