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Direction: Solve The Given Problem, Use Two Decimal Places For Your Final Answer

1. The document provides calculations to determine the mass of solute needed for various molarity solutions, calculate molarity/molality from given masses/volumes, and calculate mole fractions. 2. Key calculations include determining moles of solute from molarity and volume, then using molar mass to find mass of solute. 3. Additional calculations involve determining molarity from given masses and volumes, molality using moles of solute and mass of solvent, and mole fractions from total moles of solutions.

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Zinzin
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212 views6 pages

Direction: Solve The Given Problem, Use Two Decimal Places For Your Final Answer

1. The document provides calculations to determine the mass of solute needed for various molarity solutions, calculate molarity/molality from given masses/volumes, and calculate mole fractions. 2. Key calculations include determining moles of solute from molarity and volume, then using molar mass to find mass of solute. 3. Additional calculations involve determining molarity from given masses and volumes, molality using moles of solute and mass of solvent, and mole fractions from total moles of solutions.

Uploaded by

Zinzin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Direction: Solve the given problem, use two decimal places for your final answer.

I. What mass of solute is needed to prepare each of the following solutions?

Moles solute(mol)
a. 1.00 L of 0.125 M K2SO4  Molarity=
Volume solution (L)
Moles solute (mol)
0.125 M =
1.00 L
Moles solute=0.125 M ×1.00 L
Moles solute=0.125 mol
Molar mass of K 2 SO4=( 39.098 ×2 ) +32.06+(15.99 × 4)
Molar mass of K 2 SO 4=174.216 g/mol
Mass of Solute=No. of moles × Molar mass
Mass of Solute=0.125 mol ×174.216 g /mol
Mass of Solute=21.78 g K 2 SO4
Moles solute(mol)
b. 375 mL of 0.015 M NaF    Molarity=
Volume solution (L)
Moles solute (mol)
0.015 M =
375 ×10−3 L
Moles solute=0.015 M ×375 ×10−3 L
Moles solute=5.625 ×10−3 mol
Molar mass of NaF=22.99+18.99
Molar mass of NaF =41.98 g /mol
Mass of Solute=No. of moles × Molar mass
Mass of Solute=5.625 ×10−3 mol × 41.98 g /mol

Moles solute(mol)
c. 500 mL of 0.350 M C6H12O6   Molarity=
Volume solution (L)
Moles solute (mol)
0.350 M =
500 ×10−3 L
Moles solute=0.350 M ×500 ×10−3 L
Moles solute=0.175 mol
Molar mass of C 6 H 12 O 6=( 12.01 ×6 ) +(1.008 ×12)+(15.99 ×6)
Molar mass of C 6 H 12 O6=180.096 g/mol
Mass of Solute=No. of moles × Molar mass
Mass of Solute=0.175 mol ×180.096 g /mol

II. Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions:


a. 12.4 g KCl in 289.2 mL solution  
Molar mass of KCl=39.098+35.45
Molar mass of KCl=74.548 g /mol
1 mol KCl
12.4 g KCl × =0.166 mol KCl
74.548 g KCl

Moles solute(mol)
Molarity=
Volume solution (L)
0.166 mol KCl
Molarity=
289.2×10−3 L
Molarity=0.58 M KCl
b. 16.4 g CaCl2 in 0.614 L solution     
Molar mass of Ca Cl2 =40.08+(35.45× 2)
Molar mass of Ca Cl2 =110.98 g /mol
1 mol CaCl 2
16.4 g CaCl 2 × =0.148 mol CaCl 2
110.98 g CaCl 2

Moles solute(mol)
Molarity=
Volume solution (L)
0.148 mol CaCl 2
Molarity=
0.614 L
Molarity=0.24 M CaCl 2
c. 48.0 mL of 6.00 M H2SO4 diluted to 0.250 L  
Moles solute(mol)
Molarity=
Volume solution (L)
Given: M1 = 6.00M V1 = 48.0mL M2 = ? V1 = 0.250 L
Formula: M1V1 = M2V2
Solution: M1V1 = M2V2
−3
( 48× 10 L ) (6.00 M )=M 2 (0.250 L)

(48× 10−3 L)(6.00 M ) M 2 (0.250 L)


=
0.250 L 0.250 L
M 2=1.15 M

III. Calculate the molality of each of the following solutions


a. 2.89 g of NaCl dissolved in 0.159 L of water (density of water is 1.00 g/mL)
1 mol
2.89 g NaCl × =0.049 mol
( 22.99+35.45 ) g NaCl
( 0.159 ×10 3 ) mL × 1 g =159 g × 1 kg =0.0159 kg
mL 1000 g
Moles of solute (mol)
Molality=
Mass of solvent (kg)
0.049 mol
Molality=
0.159 kg
Molality=0.31 m
b. 1.80 mol KCl in
16.0 mol of H2O   
[ ( 1.008 ×2 ) +15.99] g H 2 O
16.0 mol H 2 O × =288.096 g H 2 O
1 mol H 2 O
288.096 g H 2 O ×1 kg / 1000 g=0.288096 kg
Moles of solute (mol)
Molality=
Mass of solvent (kg)
1.80 mol
Molality=
0.288096 kg
c. 13.0 g benzene,
C6H6 in 17.0 g
CCl4  
1mol
13.0 gC 6 H 6 × =0.166 mol
[ (12.01 ×6 )+(1.008 ×6)] g C6 H 6
17.0 gCCl 2 ×1 kg / 1000 g=0.017 kg
Moles of solute (mol)
Molality=
Mass of solvent (kg)
0.166 mol
Molality=
0.017 kg
IV. Calculate the mole fractions of each compound in each of the following solutions
a. 19.4 g of H2SO4 in 0.251 L of H2O (density of water is 1.00 g/mL)
1mol
19.4 g H 2 S O 4 × =0.194 mol
[(1.008× 4)+ ( 32.06 )+(15.99 × 4)]g H 2 S O 4
251 mL H 2 O ×1 g / ml=251 g
1 mol
251 g H 2 O× =13.940 mol H 2 O
[ (1.008 × 2 )+15.99 ]g H 2 O
Moles of solute
Mole Fraction=
Total moles of solution
0.194 mol
Mole Fraction of H 2 S O 4= =0.01 X
0.194 mol+ 13.940 mol
Mole Fraction of H 2 O=1−0.01=0.99 X

b. 35.7 g of KBr in 16.2 g of water   


1mol
35.7 g KBr × =0.30 mol KBr
39.098+79.904 g KBr
1 mol
16.2 g H 2 O× =0.90 mol H 2 O
[ (1.008 × 2 )+15.99 ]g H 2 O
Moles of solute
Mole Fraction=
Total moles of solution
0.30 mol
Mole Fraction of KBr= =0.25 X
0.30 mol+0.90 mol
Mole Fraction of H 2 O=1−0.25=0.75 X

c. 233 g of CO2 in 0.409 L of water (density of water is 1.00 g/mL)


1 mol
233 g C O 2 × =5.30 mol C O 2
( 12.01 ) +(15.99 × 2)g C O 2
409 mL H 2 O× 1 g / ml=409 g
1 mol
409 g H 2 O × =22.715 mol H 2 O
[( 1.008 ×2 ) +15.99] g H 2 O
Moles of solute
Mole Fraction=
Total moles of solution
5.30 mol
Mole FractionC O 2= =0.19 X
5.30 mol+ 22.715 mol
Mole Fraction of H 2 O=1−0.19=0.81 X

V. Calculate the following:


a. A 4 g sugar cube (C12H22O11) is dissolved in a 350 ml teacup filled with hot water.
What is the molarity of the sugar solution?
1 mol
4 g C 12 H 12 O 11 × =0.012 mol C 12 H 12 O 11
[ ( 12.01 ×12 ) +(1.008 × 12)+(15.99× 11)] g C 12 H 12 O 11
Moles solute(mol)
Molarity=
Volume solution (L)
0.012 mol C12 H 12 O 11
Molarity=
350 ×10−3 L
Molarity=0.03 M

b. A 0.750 L
aqueous
solution
contains 90.0 g
of ethanol
(C2H5OH).
Calculate the
molar
concentration
of the solution

c. What mass of
Cu(NO3)2, is
present in
50.00 mL of
aC4.55 × 10-3
M aqueous
solution?
Moles solute(mol)
4.55 × 10−3 M =
50.00× 10−3 L
Moles solute=(4.55 × 10−3 ) M ×(50.00 ×10−3) L
d. A mass of 98 g
of sulfuric acid
(H2SO4) is
dissolved in
water to
prepare a 0.500
M solution.
What is the
volume of the
solution?

1 mol
98 g H 2 SO4 × =1.00 mol H 2 SO 4
e. A solution is
[(1.008 × 2)+32.06+(15.99× 4 )]g H 2 SO4
prepared by
mixing 25.0 g
of water (H O) 2

and 25.0 g of
ethanol
(C H OH).
2 5

Determine the
mole fractions
of each
substance.

1mol
25.0 g H 2 O × =1.388 mol H 2 O
[ ( 1.008× 2 ) +15.99]g H 2 O

1mol
25.0 g C2 H 5 OH × =0.543 mol C 2 H 5 OH
(12.01× 2)+(1.008× 5)+15.99+ 1.008 g C 2 H 5 OH
Moles of solute
Mole Fraction=
Total moles of solution
1.388 mol
Mole Fraction of C 2 H 5 OH = =0.72 X
1.388 mol +0.543 mol
0.543mol
Mole Fraction of H 2 O= =028 X
1.388 mol+0.543 mol

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