Pangasinan Dictionary

PANGASINAN DICTIONARY
PALI LANGUAGE TEXTS: PHILIPPINES

(Pacific & Asian Linguistics Institute)
Howard P. McKaughan
Editor
PANGASINAN
DICTIONARY
by
Richard A. Benton
University of Hawaii Press

Honolulu 1971
Open Access edition funded by the National
Endowment for the Humanities / Andrew W.
Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book
Program.
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from University of Hawai‘i Press.
The work reported herein was performed pursuant to a contract

with the Peace Corps, Washington, D.C. 20525. The opinions ex-
pressed herein are those of the author and should not be con-
strued as representing the opinions or policies of any agency of
the United States government.
Copyright © 1971 by University of Hawaii Press
All rights reserved
PREFACE
This learner’s dictionary is part of a series which includes

Spoken Pangasinan and Pangasinan Reference Grammar all by
Mr. Benton. These with similar materials for six other Philippine
languages have been developed under a Peace Corps project
(PC 25–1507) by the Pacific and Asian Linguistics Institute
(PALI) of the University of Hawaii.
It is the hope of the author of these materials and the editor
of the series that many will profit from them. Only as we learn
others’ languages will we really come to know them. The tradi-
tional goodwill that exists between the people of the two coun-
tries responsible for these texts will be enhanced by those who
take the time and effort to study such materials.
Howard P. McKaughan
Editor
vii
CONTENTS
PREFACE vii
INTRODUCTION ix
PANGASINAN–ENGLISH DICTIONARY 1
viii
INTRODUCTION
This forms one of a series of three volumes written to assist

English-speaking persons to learn the Pangasinan language.
While each volume has been designed to be useful in itself,
the three form an integrated whole, each one supplementing
and completing the others. The companion volumes for this dic-
tionary are Pangasinan Reference Grammar, and Spoken Pan-
gasinan, the latter being a basic course in speaking and reading
the language. All three works are by the same author and
appear in the series PALI LANGUAGE TEXTS edited by Howard
P. McKaughan.
ORGANIZATION OF THE DICTIONARY

This dictionary consists of two parts—a Pangasinan-English
dictionary, and an English-Pangasinan index. The latter is in-
tended simply as a finder-list. The Pangasinan entries corre-
sponding to an English key word in this list should be checked
against the corresponding entry in the Pangasinan-English
section, so that the range of meaning of the word concerned can
be more accurately ascertained.
The entries in the Pangasinan-English section are arranged
according to word roots, i.e. the unaffixed core from which
other words may be formed. Some of the roots are actually
compound forms or contain fossilized affixes. Where there is
doubt about the derivation of the form concerned, it has been
given a separate entry. However, the vast majority of the entries
consist of simple roots. Additional information about derived
forms is given under the heading of the root concerned, where
the meaning of the former may not be fully predictable from
the combination of root and affix or other modification of the
root concerned. In the case of verb-stems, the major non-past
active affix or affixes (on-, man-, maN-) associated with the stem
or root concerned are usually given with changes in meaning,
if any, indicated where several such combinations are listed.
Where the verb is almost always encountered with passive af-
fixes, this is similarly indicated by noting the major non-past
ix
INTRODUCTION
passive affix concerned (i-, -en) in parentheses. Similarly, verbs

normally taking a reciprocal affix are marked with the active
non-past form mi-.
No examples of the use of the words concerned, in the form
of Pangasinan sentences, are included. However, more than
half the roots listed appear in various forms in the lesson text
(Makasalita Kay Pangasinan), and examples of their use may
easily be found by consulting the ‘Index to Lexical Items’ in that
work, and referring to the sections of the book where the word
concerned appears. Similarly, affixes are not listed in the dic-
tionary, but detailed information about them and examples of
their use may be found in the Reference Grammar mentioned
above, and, to a lesser extent, also in the lesson text. However,
a brief paradigm illustrating some major verbal affixes appears
at the end of this introduction.
SCOPE OF THE DICTIONARY

This dictionary lists some 3,000 word roots, from which
a much greater number of words can be formed. However,
this will quickly be found to be inadequate by the advanced
learner of the language. Even a dictionary twice as large would
probably omit hundreds or even thousands of roots which could
be encountered in everyday speech, the newspaper, popular
novels, and formal oratory. Pangasinan speakers have very large
vocabularies, not only drawn from indigenous sources but also
by a continuing process of adopting new words from Spanish
and English to meet current needs.
Within the confines of the comparatively small number of
roots listed here, however, a fairly representative selection has
been made, ranging from the basic ‘ear, eye, nose and throat’
terms, which predominate, to a sampling of less common words
more likely to be encountered in writing or oratory than in
everyday speech. The words themselves have been obtained
from several sources: direct eliciting from informants, analysis
of conversations and folk tales, as well as the Pangasinan lan-
guage newspapers and contemporary (post-war) novels.
x
INTRODUCTION
PHONOLOGY AND ORTHOGRAPHY

Pangasinan has four vowel phonemes /a, i, e, o/ (/e/ is a high
back unrounded vowel, /o/ a high back rounded in most posi-
tions) and fifteen consonant phonemes /b, d, g, h, k, l, m, n, ñg,
p, r, s, t, w, y/ recognized by (i.e. present in the speech of) all
speakers. Many speakers also distinguish a mid front vowel /E/,
present in many words of Spanish origin, while others also dif-
ferentiate between affricated /ch/ ([č] or [tš]) and the cluster
/ts/, also in words adopted from Spanish. For those speakers
who do not give phonemic status to /E/ and /ch/, these units are
integrated with /i/ and /ts/ respectively (initial /ts/ being often
further reduced to /s/). Stress is also phonemic, many pairs of
words being identical except for the placement of stress.
Orthography closely follows the phonemic representations
indicated above; /E/ is written e (occasionally i by speakers who
do not differentiate it from /i/), and stress is often unmarked.
In words of Spanish origin, the Spanish spelling is often re-
tained so that the following adjustments need be made between
normal orthography and phonemic representation where these
words are concerned.
Spanish Phonemic/Pangasinan
c before a, o, u k
c before i, e s
f P
gu before e, i g
g before e, i h (see note below)
hu before vowel w
h elsewhere –
j h (see note below)
ll ly
ñ ny
qu k
v b
z s
Although h has been used as the phonemic symbol in the

above table, the sound is more often than not represented by
j in writing. There is no phonemic distinction between o and
u, which are used almost interchangeably to represent /o/, al-
though o is statistically more favored.
xi
INTRODUCTION
In listing the entries in the dictionary, the forms have been

arranged as if they were spelled phonemically. Where Spanish
spellings seem definitely to be preferred by Pangasinan writers,
these have been retained, but this has not affected their
alphabetization (thus, v is regarded as b, f as p, c as s or k,
etc.) /o/ is represented by o whenever this seems acceptable;
where u has been retained, it has been treated as o for purposes
of alphabetization. /E/ is, however, listed with e rather than
i. Mixed spelling, which is often encountered in practice, has
been avoided; i.e. Spanish borrowings are either spelled as in
Spanish or treated as if they were indigenous words (except,
however, for the replacement of Spanish e by E as a guide to
pronunciation). Non-syllabic /i/ and /o/ are generally written i
and u respectively, and this practice has been followed here also
for purposes of both spelling and alphabetization (u is equated
with o in regard to the latter), although in actual pronunciation
non-syllabic /i/ becomes /y/, and non-syllabic /o/ becomes /w/.
ABBREVIATIONS
The following special abbreviations are used.
esp. especially
f. feminine (i.e. applying only to female human beings)
m. masculine (i.e. applying only to male human beings)
pl. plural form
usu. usually
Where there may be doubt as to the pronunciation of a

particular entry, a phonemic transcription bounded by slashes
follows the entry concerned, e.g.
ajÉntE, agÉntE /ahÉntE/ ‘agent’
PARADIGMS OF VERBAL AFFIXES

Some of the most frequently encountered verbal affixes are
illustrated below in combination with various roots. Because
most roots are often encountered with some affixes but rarely
if ever with others, no attempt has been made to force one
xii
INTRODUCTION
root into combinations which are either unlikely or incongruous,

even though this would give a neater ‘conjugation’. The abbre-
viations np and p are used for ‘non-past’ and ‘past’ respectively.
ACTIVE AFFIXES
Indicative, neutral
on- (np) (e.g. + pawil ‘return’, Onpawil ak. ‘I will return.’)

-inm- (p) (Pinmawil ak. ‘I returned.’)
Purposive, implicit transitivity
man- (np) (e.g. + taném ‘plant’, Mantáem ak. ‘I will plant (it).’)
nan- (p) (Nantaném ak. ‘I planted (it).’)
Indicative, implicit transitivity
maN- (np) (e.g. + kan ‘eat’, Nañgán ak. ‘I will eat.’)

aN- (p) (Añgán ak. ‘I ate.’)
Indicative, explicit transitivity
mañgi- (np) (e.g. + pawíl ‘return’, Mañgipawíl ak na líbro. ‘I’ll

return the book.’)
añgi- (p) (Añgipawíl ak na líbro. ‘I returned the book.’)
Mutual
mi- (np) (e.g. + tindáan ‘market’, Mitindáan irá. ‘They will (go
to) market.’)
aki- (p) (Akitindáan irá. ‘They went marketing.’)
Non-deliberate
paka- (np) (e.g. + neñgnéñg ‘see’, nominalized, Makápoy so

pakaneñgnéñg nen láki. ‘Grandfather’s sight (lit. happening
to see) is weak.’)
aka- (p) (e.g. + pasiár ‘come by’, Maóñg ta akapasiár kayó. ‘It’s
good you happened to come by.’)
xiii
INTRODUCTION
PASSIVE AFFIXES
Neutral
-en (np) (e.g. + alagár ‘wait for’, Alagarén ko si Pedro. ‘I’ll wait
for Pedro (lit. will-be-waited-for by-me mkr Pedro).’)
-in- (p) (e.g. + táwag ‘call’, Tinawág ko si Pedro. ‘I called
Pedro.’)
Deliberate
i- (p) (e.g. + taném ‘plant’, Itaném koy pónti. ‘I’ll plant the
banana (lit. was-planted by-me-the banana).’)
in- (np) (Intaném koy pónti. ‘I planted the banana.’)
Potential
na- (np) (e.g. + neñgnéñg ‘see’, Naneñgnéñg ko may marikít.

‘I’ll be able to see the maiden (lit. will-be-able-to-be-seen by-
me the maiden).’)
a- (p) (Aneñgnéñg ko may marikít. ‘I saw (was able to see) the
maiden.’)
BENEFACTIVE AFFIXES
Neutral
i-…-án (np) (e.g. + taném, Itanemán koy Pedro na pónti. ‘I’ll

plant the banana for Pedro (lit. will-be-planted-for by-
me-mkr Pedro the banana).’)
in-…-an (p) (Intanemán koy Pedro na pónti. ‘I planted the
banana for Pedro.’)
INSTRUMENTAL AFFIXES
pan-, ipan- (np) (e.g. + taném, Pantaném nen Pedro imáy limá
to ed sáray pónti. ‘Pedro will plant the banana with his
hands (lit. will-be-planted-with by Pedro the hands his to the
banana).’)
xiv
INTRODUCTION
inpan- (p) (Inpantaném nen Pedro imáy limá to ed sáray pónti.

‘Pedro planted the banana with his hands.’)
REFERENTIAL AFFIXES
Indicative
-an (np) (e.g. + taném, Si Pedro tanemán toy pónti imáy jardín
nen Juan. ‘Pedro will plant the banana in John’s garden (lit.
mkr Pedro will-be-planted-at by-him-the banana the garden
of Juan).’)
-in-…-an (p) (Si Pedro tinanemán toy pónti imáy jardín nen Juan.
‘Pedro planted the banana in John’s garden.’)
[Other referential affixes include potential (na-…-an, a-…-an),

non-deliberate (paka-…-an, aka-…-an) etc.]
AGENTIVE AFFIXES
pan- …-en (np) (e.g. + potér ‘cut’, Panpóteren to kamí na kiéw
da. ‘He’ll make us cut their wood (lit. will-be-made-to-cut by-
him we the wood their).’)
pinan- (p) (Pinanpotér to kamí na kiéw da. ‘He made us cut their
wood.’)
Further examples of the use of these and numerous other

verbal affixes (as well as affixes affecting or forming other kinds
of stems) may be obtained by consulting the grammar or lesson
text mentioned at the beginning of the introduction.
xv
PANGASINAN–ENGLISH
DICTIONARY
1
A
1
a interjection marking hesitation,
agreement, disagreement, etc.
2
a linking particle, uniting adjectives or
descriptive phrases with verbs and nouns,
relative sentences to main sentence, etc.
(also ya)
-n form of a following a vowel
ababués gone, departed
ábak to consume too much
ábakábak to be (an) auspicious (time) for formally
finalizing a marriage arrangement
between the families of the bride and
groom (man-)
abakáda alphabet
abalá shoulder
abála be busy or occupied; to annoy, be a
disturbance (man-)
abalayán co-parent-in-law, i.e. the relationship
holding between the parents of the bride
and those of the groom (term of address
and reference)
sanaabalayán the parents of the bride and groom
(collectively)
abaníco fan
ábang rent, interest
abásto supplies
ábay side, proximity; to approach, go near
person or object close by (on-); put beside
(i-)
kaábay (pl. person or object close
kabkaábay) by; neighbor
sanábay (pl. relative
sanáabay)
abél cloth
abét to meet (on-)
abétabét reenactment of Christ’s meeting
with his mother after the
resurrection
paabét to give as a gift
aviadór pilot
ábig good, fine; be well (on-)
maábig good, fine, well, sound, healthy
2
PANGASINAN–ENGLISH DICTIONARY
mabábig agreeable
makapaábig be pleasant, agreeable to one
kabkaabigán just right
pamaábig betterment (of community, town,
etc.)
abilidád ability
abóbon agree, consent, approve
abóbot article, things
abogádo lawyer
abóloy readily allow or agree to (on-)
aboloyán agreement
abúno fertilizer
abóng home, house, dwelling; set up house
(man-)
paabóng feel at home; make (one) at home
sankaabongán neighbors, people from same
locality
aborído distraught; ill at ease, worried
aboróg rash of red spots on skin caused by
allergic reaction to something eaten, esp.
fruit
abosádo throw a tantrum (man-)
ábot to catch up (with)
abót hole, pit; dig a hole (man-)
abracÉtE to hold someone by grasping the upper
arms
abríl April
adiós goodbye
admíra to admire
aduána Bureau of Internal Revenue
adóbo way of preparing meat by cooking with
vinegar, spices, etc.
adórno to decorate, garnish
aeropláno airplane
ag not (usually phonologically bound to
following word, as in agák ‘not I’)
agá (ag + 3rd pers. singular pronoun)
not he, she, it
agáag of light: to be bright, widely distributed
agága attracted, become attracted (on-)
agagá to miss
agamáng small shrimp; seasoning made from salted
agamáng
agát ginger
3
agáy exclamation of surprise ‘how indeed!’

agáyep string beans
agél zeal, care, conscientiousness; take care,
etc. (mañgi-)
1
ágew day
ágewágew, daily, every day
inágewágew
2
ágew sun; be light, sunny (on-)
agéyet mosquito; be bitten by mosquitoes (-en)
maagéyet infested with mosquitoes
1
agí interjection of alarm: ‘alas’, ‘ouch!’
2
agí younger sibling or other person of same
generation
ágila eagle
aginaldó Christmas present; to go asking for
presents (mi-); to carol (carolers are
usually rewarded for their efforts) (man-)
naaginaldó proceeds from caroling
mísa aginaldó = misa de gallo, g.v.
ágkit sticky wax
aguá perfume; to (apply) perfume (man-)
aguánta fast, speedy, efficient, resourceful;
become fast, etc. (on-)
ágom greedy
maágom very greedy
ágos to flow (on-)
aguát to lift out of a hole, box, etc. (maN-)
agósto August
agtó to carry on the head (man-)
agÉntÉ, ahÉntÉ agent
áhit to shave (man-)
ak I (subject/topic pronoun)
ko (-k following a vowel) by me, my
siák I, me (independent pronoun)
ákal to recover from surprise
akár going, movement; to walk, move (man-,
on-); go to (i-)
paakár to drive a vehicle (mañgi-)
yakár = i- + akár
pamakarán intention
ákay to lead by the hand, guide thus (man-)
4
akbáb to put one’s chin up, incline the head

forward
akbíbit have within, carry with one, have with
one constantly
ákin why
akír to remove from the fire or stove
akís to cry (on-, man-)
paakís to make (someone) cry (man-)
akdól to sleep with, sleep together (mi-)
ákdot remove, pluek out
akló ladle, esp. paddle or wooden spoon for
removing rice from the pot
akmón to swallow
áko to accept, receive (on-, maN-)
akoál to put on the lap (man-)
akuláw old woman, married woman, wife
ákop to get with both hands
ákot wasp
akséb go or come down, descend (on-)
akséng acidity
aksíw to lift by means of a pole or other
instrument
aksúbi accept, admit
alá get (maN-)‚ take (man-)
alaán source of something
aláal low tide
alabáb to drink much wine
alábat barricade put across lower part of
doorway or window to keep children from
going out
onalábat something to alight on; guide
alagár to wait (man-)
alagéy to stand (on-)
paalagéy to erect (building, etc.) (mañgi-)
aláhas jewels
alainót to obtain or bring together little by little
álak liquor
alakdán scorpion
álal tired
alamá small crabs
alámbri wire
álañgálañg be doubtful
alár fence; to fence (man-)
alás at (an hour of the clock)
5
alásir to arrange, put in order

alpít large basket used for storing salt
alawá stick used for spearing fish or getting
fruit from a tree
1
aláwat to discuss, converse (man-)
2
aláwat to take a person down from something
(e.g. a child from a hammock)
áldeg ardor
maáldeg ardent
alég negative exhortation: ‘don’t’
Alemánia Germany
álep to join pieces of wood
aléplep dead
aliádo alien
álig to imitate
aliguás to improve, prosper (on-)
alíkir escape
alikóteg restless, constantly moving
alíla servant; to care for (esp. children) (man-)
1
alíliñg condition
2
alíliñg to be like or comparable (man-)
alimbáwa signify, stand as an example
kaalimbawaán example, representation; symbol
alimbobóyog bumble bee
alímbos extremely, very much
aliméñg able
alimógagán to walk in one’s sleep; be absent minded
alimoréñg dizziness; to faint
alindáway modern, up to date
maalindáway modernized
aliñgerñgér strong or pervading scent or fragrance
aliñgiáda accommodating, hospitable
alipanós fatigue
alipógo to arrange the hair in a roll or bun (but
without braiding it)
alipospós to grapple with an opponent in a fight or
game
alirég clam; (also) snails found in decaying
timber
alís to leave, go away
paalís let leave, drive away
1
aliwá not; become different (on-)
6
2
aliwá untoward, improper
alíwliwá ugly
alcáldE mayor
alkansiá piece of bamboo tube, tin can, etc. used
as ‘bank’ for storing money
álmirol starch; to starch (man-)
álmo to find, encounter, meet (usu. by chance)
nálmo found
almusál breakfast; to eat breakfast (man-)
álneb moist
álo pestle
aluár careful; be careful (man-)
aloboób hurricane; great anger
álog stream, stream or river bed; acres,
lowland field or farm
kaalogán wide tract of farmland
alógpos release, escape
alolóng a small hut esp. constructed with nipa
thatch
álolot worse; become worse (on-)
alombáyar worm (general term)
alopísing the temples (of the head)
alfilÉr pin
alfómbra carpet, rug, or other soft covering esp. on
floor
álsa to put up, draw up, lift (man-)
altéy liver
álwas space between two nodes (e.g. of
bamboo)
amá father
áman that (= saman)
ámay the (= samay)
amáy eventful
amayámay very many, great in number
1
amáyo dream of, contemplate (-en)
2
amáyo toy
ámba to denounce; raise one’s hand to strike
another
ambegiá to join, attend a gathering (mi-)
AmÉrica United States of America
amEricána (f.), amEricáno (m.) American
amés to bathe (man-)
7
amíga (f.), amígo (m.) friend (plural amimíga,

amimígo)
ámil (person) unable to pronounce words
clearly or articulate well
amín all
amíñggay hurt
ámo master, employer
maámo tame (refers only to animals)
amó interjection denoting emphasis ‘isn’t it!’,
‘really’
amóñg to live together under the same roof
kaamoñgán person living in same house
amomót to suggest, appeal (on-)
ámot to hide (on-); in hiding, withdrawn
amotán hide and seek
ámotámot to be in hiding, going furtively
from place to place as a fugitive
(man-)
maámot unknown, strange (person)
amóy it seems, seemingly
amóyot kind, considerate
ámpar near, beside; compare
ampát to hold between the palms of both hands;
put one’s hands against one’s cheeks
(man-)
ampáya hold, keep in the palm of the hand
ampón protege, adopted child; to adopt a child
(man-)
ámsing spouse of person referred to, ‘better half’
anák child, offspring (pl. ának); bear a child
(man-)
anáko my child
añganák one who has sponsored a child at
baptism, etc.
inkiának birthday
kapaniának newly born baby
manamianák midwife
panának time or month of delivery
anáp to seek, look for (man-)
ánap to earn a living (man-)
anapán source of income; job, work
anapanáp to long for, crave (-en)
andá give, hand (to speaker), ‘may I have’
ándap to flicker (man-)
8
ándar to drive off in a car

andí no
naandí totally out of sight, vanish
andídman not there
andídtan not there (near addressee)
andíria not here
andírit cicada
ándo to endure (man-); duration
ándo lan ándo forever
andóyan hammock, cradle; be in a hammock, etc.
(man-)
aném six
anemáplo sixty
kumánem sixth in order
mamínem six times
mikaaném sixth
pínen sixth
sanánem six each
anénen for what purpose? what will be done
with? (followed by attributive pronoun if
actor is indicated)
áni to harvest (man-)
naáni harvested crops (esp. rice, corn)
panañgáni harvest season
aniáni apparition, ghost, spirit
anivErsário anniversary (of wedding, etc.)
aníno shadow
anláy to attract with music or song; poetical
speech
anlóñg poem, verse, rhyme
anúnsio advertisement
anóp to hunt with dogs (maN-)
managanóp hunter
anór to drift (on-)
ánus tolerate, put up with
maánus kind, tolerant
anóyaw rice bird
ansisímot flying termite
antá known (uninflected passive verb stem)
antaén ought to be known (by…)
makaánta one who knows
antábay to guide, assist in learning a skill (maN-)
antés before
antígo genuine, lasting (of object already old)
9
ántiñg-ántiñg amulet
antióhos eyeglasses
antipára eyeglasses
antó what
antokamán whatever
ányos age
áñgan believed, thought (by)
añgáy to fit well (on-)
añgés to breathe (man-)
añggá end, termination
añggaán furthest extent, limit
añggán during, throughout, until
añggáno whatever, even if
añggapó not existing
añghÉl, angél angel
/añghÉl/
áñgkas to ride with another
añgkát to buy wholesale (i-)
añgló odor or taste of sour milk or spoiled, meat
añgób to smell (-en); to kiss (-an)
añgóyob small bamboo tube used for blowing fire;
to blow fire (man-)
áñgsab out of breath
aón to draw out, hide out from something or
some place (maN-)
aúto car, automobile (= óto)
ápa emptiness, sterility, desolation
maápa destroyed, sterile
apág to share equally (man-, mi-); a share
1
apáp to put something under something else,
as leaves in the bottom of a pot before the
rice, so the latter will not stick to the pot
itself (man-)
2
apáp gate to, way to
apáñgat fly (insect)
maapáñgat infested with flies
aparadór wardrobe, closet
apát four
apatáplo forty
apatpatíra four only
kakápat one fourth, quarter
kápat that which makes four (i.e. fourth,
but not in any order of ranking)
10
komápat fourth in order

labinapát fourteen
mikápat fourth
pípat fourth time
sanépat four by four, four each
apáyas papaya
apélo appeal; to appeal (man-)
apelyédo surname
ápges a smarting pain
apgó bile, gall
apíger to fix, repair, put in order (man-)
apíñg the cheeks
maapíñg having big cheeks
apiréñg to appeal (esp. for protection) (on-, man-)
apís to coat or cover with something (man-)
afición ambition
aplós to pass the hand over something; caress
ápo term of respect used especially when
addressing a priest.
apó grandchild, great–nephew, great–niece; to
have grandchildren (maN-)
apurá in a hurry
apurádo in a hurry
maapurádo be in a hurry, hurried
apóy fire; to start a fire (maN-)
áral to learn, study (man-)
manáaral apprentice, student, learner
aráp front, presence; to face
árapen future
árapen na next year
taón
árbaka small daisy-like medicinal herb
arbolário specialist in herbal medicine; quack
doctor
arÉgla arrange, regulate, modulate
aregládo all right, okay
arEglár = arÉgla
argólyo shape
ári king; become king (on-); to reign (man-)
panarián kingdom, reign
arína, harína /arína/ flour
ariñgríñg neigh, to neigh (man-)
aripén maid, helper, servant
arísibi receive, accept
11
arísga jolly, become jolly (on-)

arcó arch, bow
árkos to decorate
árloñg festive lights, illuminated decoration
ármas arms, weapons
arníbal sugar syrup
áro love; to love (maN-)
ináro sweetheart, beloved
kaáro sweetheart; close friend
sankaáro two friends
aróm some, other, others; to add (i-)
onaróm in addition to
no aróm sometime
árpa harp
árte to adorn, decorate; art
ásaása small herring-like salt water fish
asáng gills
nanasáng gilled, having gills
asawá spouse; to marry (maN-)
sanasawá married couple, husband and wife
aséwek smoke
manaséwek full of smoke, smoky
ásikáso to take care of a child (man-)
asímaw to find
asín salt
maasín (very) salty
asiñggér near; come near to, approach (on-)
asípet large variety of cockroach; be attacked by
cockroaches (-en)
maasípet infested with cockroaches
asirég to become black (on-)
asitÉra watering can
ásma asthma
asó dog
asúkar sugar
1
asól to fetch water from river, Well, etc. (on-),
repeatedly (man-)
2
asúl blue
asúnto case, affair
asfálto asphalt
aspilí pin
atádo pile of produce, forming a unit for selling
12
atánor relationship holding between parents of

person concerned and sponsors at
baptism, confirmation, etc.; to become
sponsor (man-) (term of reference only;
see also comádre, compádre)
átañg an offering composed of coconut, cake,
etc. for the purpose of placating
malevolent spirits, usually made before
sunset; to make such an offering (man-)
átap danger; become wild, dangerous (on-)
maátap wild, dangerous, hard to catch
atchí see atsí
áteñg parent
atép roof
atés (of a girl) liking to make herself attractive
átip pile, heap, stack up (man-)
átis tree with sweet, light yellowish green
fruit similar in shape to a pine-cone and
about the size of a large apple, sometimes
known as sugar apple
átol to keep (man-)
payátol keep, cause to be kept
atótoñg trough
atrasádo late
atráso failure
atrEvída to get something without permission
atsí, atchí older sister, older girl or woman of same
generation (term of address and
reference)
awá interrogative particle rhetorically seeking
addressee’s confirmation of remarks
made: ‘isn’t that so?’ Occurs only at the
end of sentence.
áwak waste
awáñg extent, spaciousness
maawáñg extensive, spacious, of great width
awáran story
awát to receive (maN-)
naáwat was received (by)
awáwey proceeding, going on (of a state or
process)
áwel ne’er do well, truant
áwes signal with the hand
awét hardness; become hard (on-)
13
áwey I don’t know! (said by speaker of himself;

may be followed by pronoun or phrase
marked for topic)
áwir to draw after, direct (maN-); imitate,
follow (-en, i.e. the passive transformation
of the active form with maN-)
awít to carry, take with one (man-; maN- bring
someone along)
awíawít carry habitually
ay interjection expressing hesitation,
surprise, or consternation: ‘well!’,
‘Goodness!’, ‘Dear me!’
áya this (= sáya)
áyam to live, abide, dwell (man-)
ayáyam festivity, get–together
panaáyamán address, place where one lives
áyap contented, happy, entertained; distracted
by what one is seeing and hearing;
absent–minded
áyat persuade, attract, convince (maN-)
kaáyat persuade, attract, convince (on-)
makaáyat attractive
onkamáyat be likely to attract
ayawáw to speak in a loud voice
áyep animal
ayerér uneasy
ayúra weapon
áysiñg dress, outer clothing
14
B
baág G-string or similar covering for private
parts of body
báat to stop, detain
báaw cooked rice
bába cradle (esp. hammock for small
children); to rock (child) in cradle (i-)
bábañg rice bran
babóy Pig
baég a tree species the leaves of which are
used as food
baét between; place between (i-)
bag hand bag
bagá tell, say, invite or ask by word of
mouth (man-)
kabagaán people usually invited
bágabága kite (made from paper or suitable
leaves)
bagát social occasion; to host an occasion
(mañgi–)
bagbág to destroy, ruin (maN-)
bágel foolish, mad; become mad (on-)
ambágel foolish, silly
kabaglán madness
bágio storm, bad weather
abágio, nabágio was, could be affected by storm
bagís to eat something raw or half cooked
bagisén dish prepared by cooking meat
or entrails in pig’s blood (=
dinalaán)
bagó to uproot, plough up (man–)
bái grandmother, woman of grandparent’s
generation (address or reference)
báile dance (occasion for dancing); to dance
(mi-)
baíntE, vEínte /baíntE/ twenty
baíñg shame, shyness, inhibition resulting
from respect, shyness, etc.; be
ashamed, shy, discouraged
ambaíñg ashamed, inhibited
mabaíñg shy
15
bíka cow, bull, head of cattle; use as work

animals, roughly loosen the ground by
ploughing (man-)
bakál war, battle
bakás commemoration of the anniversary of
the death of a relative
1
bakát footprint, track (left by animal, etc.);
follow a trail of footprints, track
(maN-)
2
bakát loud, loudly
bakasyón vacation
bakbák to whip (maN-)
bakés monkey
báki to send, fetch (man-, mañgi-)
bákla homosexual, transvestite
baklóy to lift or carry with both arms
bakokól turtle
vacúna vaccination; to vaccinate (man-)
bála bullet
balá lungs
balábag to sleep under the same blanket
(man-); (one’s) contemporary
balakóbak dandruff
baláni to attract
1
bálañg wild (of plants)
2
bálañg to lose oneself, get lost
3
bálañg each
balañgá reddish or orange colors; become red
(on-)
ambalañgá red, orange; yolk of egg
balañgbáñg waist
balañgét crown (esp. of flowers placed on head
of dead person); to wear a crown
(man-); to crown (maN-)
baláñggot hat
balañgobóñg roar
baláok ladle; to ladle (man-)
balaóñg territory; nesting place of rat, snake,
etc.
bálap insist, convince, encourage (man-)
balatóñg monggo (mung) beans
balátyañg iron, steel
16
báldE to sprinkle
baldó to skip rope (on-)
báleg big; grow up (on-)
añgkabáleg quite big
abálgan grown out of (items of clothing,
etc.)
kabáleg area, size
baléñg odor of stale urine
ambaléñg smelling of stale urine
báles to put, place (man-)
balés retribution, vengeance, price (of
action, etc.)
bálet but, however
balewét lock
báley town
kabaleyán person from the same province
or town as another
1
báli import, matter (in ándi báli ‘that’s
okay; it doesn’t matter’)
2
báli lie
mabáli given to lying, untruthful
bálibáli pleasing, very nice
balikás to pronounce (man-); pronunciation
kabaliksán implied, meaning to say
balikátkat instrument for scraping coconut
balikuát jump suddenly out of bed (on-)
abalikuát suddenly awakened
balikúcha sugar candy
balimgáan misunderstanding
balíntawak a type of dress for women consisting
of a gown with butterfly sleeves,
shawl, and overskirt
baliñgás nickname, pet name
baliñgít sweet, pleasant odor
ambaliñgít sweet smelling, fragrant
balisóñg hunting knife
balisóñgsoñg cone-like arrangement; to roll
something up, make into a cone
(man-)
balíta news, information (p1. balbalíta); to
inform (mañgi-)
balitók gold
17
balíwan black clothing worn by a person in

mourning; to wear such clothing
(man-)
balkés belt
balkón upstairs veranda, balcony
balkót to wrap something up (-en)
bálo new
baló widow, widower
balólakí bachelor, unmarried man under 30
balólañg basket for chickens to nest in
bálon food to be taken with one on a journey,
etc.; to take food prepared for this
purpose (mañgi-)
balór cost, price
balót (always follows negative) absolutely
[not]
balóta ballot
balsák to count with beads, counters, etc.
balsákan rosary beads
bálsamo to embalm
bálsan to pour
balsíg to chop wood (man-)
baltík colic thought to be caused by
malevolent spirits
fuÉra baltík! said to drive away harmful
effects likely to result e.g. from
a child’s having been praised
for being healthy
balyañgét skin eruption caused by prickly heat
bána to meet in a place, have a date,
appointment (man-, mi-)
banál tired
banáwañg canal, ditch, trench
bandá band (of musicians)
bandáy destructive criticism, malicious talk,
slander
bandejádo platter
bandÉra flag
bándo shout
banél to crush
banesbés the noise made by strong wind; to roar
(of the wind) (man-)
18
banikél having insufficient means for one’s

minimal needs or for some important
purpose (e.g. educating one’s
children)
vanílla /banílya/ vanilla
bánco see bañgko
báno to admonish, reprimand (man-)
abáno harmed by malevolent spirit
bambáno ill effect resulting from
malevolence of spirit
banuít to fish with a rod (man-); fishhook
bánsa country
banság to do several things at once, do
simultaneously (man-)
mibanság simultaneously, while, at the
same time as
bánsal wedding reception; take part in
reception (mi-)
bántag to see, watch (on-)
banták to throw, cast, throw out (man-,
mangi-)
bantáy to watch (a spectacle) (on-)
bántog famous
banwá sun
bányo bathroom
bañg even, though
bañgá pot, jar, esp. stone water jar
bañgár to crush, roll flat
bañgát to teach, instruct (man-, mangi-)
1
bañgén to disturb with noise (man-); notice
noise (-en)
2
bañgén wedge; piece of wood or other
material put under logs, etc. to keep
them off the ground
bañgét begin to smell bad (on-); stench
ambañgét evil smelling
báñgil mixture, assortment
ambáñgil assorted, varied, of many kinds
bañggíra place for washing dishes and storing
stone water jars in house
báñgkag small piece of land
báñgkay corpse
bañgkíñg unbalanced, unevenly loaded; to load
unevenly (man-)
19
1
bánco /báñgko/ (commercial) bank
2
báñgko bench
bañgkíto, small bench, stool
banquíto
bañgno when (not interrogative)
bañgón to arise, wake, get up from bed (on-)
bañgós milk fish
báñgta but then
báog skin
baráan to make excuses, complain
baráñg bolo, large knife, machete
baríber to surround (on-)
bárrio division of municipality equivalent to
ward
barís measles; small spots on legs, arms,
etc. symptomatic of measles and
similar diseases
baríta bar of soap
barkó vessel, ship
bároy to journey
baróñg to resent (on-)
bása to read (man-)
basá to become wet (on-); to wet (maN-)
ambasá wet, damp
básarot to pout (on-)
básbas future
basbás chaperone
bási base (usu. military base)
basí liquor made from fermented sugar
cane
basíg to be shaken violently (e.g. by the
wind) (man-); be struck by the ground
etc. when falling
basíkaw curve; archway
básil to go out, go away (on-, man-); banish
(-en)
basiñgkáwel campaign
básis to sneeze (on-, man-)
básket basket
báso drinking glass
basúra rubbish, trash
báston cane
20
bástos indecent, rude (also used as an

exclamation of disgust or disapproval)
batáan boy, helper
batalán bamboo platform annexed to house,
where clothes are washed etc.
baték spackling and dappling of colors; spot;
color of paper, fabric, etc.; dye
batér to stumble, trip on something
batí to beat (eggs etc.)
batík to run (on-); to run off with (any
object), elope (mañgi-)
batíl (welts etc. caused by) insect bites
batiñgtíñg stone, rock
batók kidney
batyá shallow basin for washing clothes etc.
bawág to publicize (on-)
báwañg garlic
bawás to reduce
báwi to recover what one has lost, given,
etc.
bayág to delay, tarry
mabayág long (of time)
abayág it has been a long time
1
bayáni strong aftertaste of wine, tuba, etc.
2
bayáni hero; heroism
bayaóng small species of bee
báyar to pay
bayarán payment
bayáw brother-in-law
bayáwas guava
baybáy sea, seaside
bayés to borrow (on-)
pabayés to lend
báyo to pound (-en)
bayúbo to cultivate (man-)
bayóng bag made of buri or pandan leaves
bebá low; become lower (than) (on-)
abebá low, short
pabebá to lower, let down (man-,
mangi-)
bebén be held, (= benben)
béblay illness
begnáw to rinse
21
begtá get-together, social occasion

beká to dig camote (man-)
bekás to say, mention; word, syllable,
utterance
belás polished rice; to polish, mill rice
(man-)
belát weight, heaviness
ambelát heavy
ambelábelát too heavy to be carried by one
person
belék piglet, suckling, pig
bElÉn Christmas crib
belér bravery, courage
kabelér valor, diehard courage
belkág to spread out (mangi-)
vÉlo veil
béltañg to cross (e.g. a street)
bélyag to shout (man-); shout
bElyÉr, bEllÉr soft (as e.g. the quality of cooked rice)
benbén to hold, be in possession of, arrest (on-
(with the hand), man-); be held
bendisyón blessing; to bless (man-)
benég back (anatomical or positional),
behind; to turn one’s back, leave (on-)
benegán gone, be past
bentána window
beñgát only (= lambeñgát)
beñgat la anything whatever
beñgér naughty, mischievous, always wanting
or having own way
berbér bundle (e.g. of string beans); to
bundle (man-)
vÉrbo verb
bérdE green; become green (on-)
bÉstída, bÉstído dress
betág to crack, break (-en); crack esp. in a
clay pot
nabtág (it) was broken, cracked
beták to split (on-)
betáñg share to which one is entitled
betbét early, always, often
mabetbét often
1
betél cold, coolness
22
ambetél cold, cool

pabetél to cool (i-)
2
betél fresh water fish similar in appearance
to a pompano
vétsin monosodium glutamate, a food
seasoning
biájE journey, trip
bíbi baby (informal speech; otherwise anák
is preferred)
bibíl lips; lower lip
bibíñgka rice-cake usu. topped with red sugar
bíblia bible
biék opposite, over yonder
biÉnEs wealth
viÉrnes Friday
bigaó winnowing basket, also shallow basket
used as container for vegetables
bigís caterpillars, crawling grubs and
insects (pl. bigíbigís)
abigís, nabigís was, could be affected by
insect larvae
biglá abrupt, sudden; do abruptly, suddenly
(on-, man-)
bíi woman, female
biíg separate, set aside, appropriate,
isolate (mañgi-); become separated
etc. (on-)
bíkkel commit suicide (man-)
bikkíñg legs
biklér to swallow (maN-)
bikuér curve, bend (e.g. in a road or river)
bikotkót to curve, walk tending to curve to one
side (as e.g. when carrying something
heavy) (man–)
bílañg for example (usu. follows siñgá ‘like,
as if’, or is reduplicated: bilbílañg)
biláñg to count (man-); to care about
(mañgi-)
kabilañgán caring (about)
biláy life; to live (man-)
bilábiláy everyday life
inpanbiláy novel (literature)
mabiláy alive, living
bilí price, value, expense
23
kablían priceless
mablí costly, expensive
bilín education, advice, counsel; to advise,
counsel (man-)
biloñgét darkness; become dark (on-)
ambiloñgét dark
binári queen
bínat to suffer a relapse
bindíta holy water
bínel clearly visible in the distance or from
a distance
biní seeds saved for sprouting; seedlings
bínti = baíntE, q.v.
bíntiñg twenty five centavos; twenty-five
centavo piece
binyág baptism; to baptize (man-)
kabinyág one who has been baptized
biñgaló prawn
bíñggo bingo, housey
biñggoán bingo parlor
bíñgkol broken crust that results from plowing
during dry season
birbír to recognize, know, accord recognition
to (man-)
birbirén notable person
birhÉn, virgÉn (statue of) the Virgin Mary
bírtud virtue (pl. birtúdEs)
bisél hard; become hard, harden (on-)
bisíbis to sprinkle water by hand (man-)
bisíta visitor; to visit (on-)
biskég strength, power, might, force
mabiskég strong, inflexible
bislák stick, piece of cane split lengthwise
bisuák to splash (man-)
bisuát to broach a topic, mention
abisuát mentioned, spread about,
‘leaked’ (of news etc.)
bisóg bloat
abisóg bloated, puffed up
bisokól snail
bísyo vice
bitamína vitamin
bítay to hang, execute by hanging (man-
self, maN- another)
24
bitéwen star
bitíl (of a woman) determined to marry
someone not approved of by her
family etc.
abitíl (of a woman) flirty, of loose
morals
bitlá to pronounce, enunciate (man-, maN-)
abitlá mentioned
pabitlá riddle
bitúen = bitéwen, q.v.
bitón shoe polish
buábo rocking chair
buág to eat heartily
buágen food, sustenance
buál tear out, break off (as a branch from a
tree (maN-)
buáñg to open a dike or irrigation canal so
the water can flow into the field
(man-)
buás morrow
nabuás tomorrow
kabuasán morning
buát start; to start (on-)
buáya crocodile
bobón well (for water)
bódbor to pick fruits
bodéga warehouse
1
buék hair
2
buék drink excessively
abuék drunk
kabuék, inkabuék drunkenness
buéna máno first thing sold in the day, often given
away at a bargain price for good luck
panbuenamanoán source of bargain; first sale
buér sand
bogák to disturb, be disorderly
bógbog welt resulting from a beating
bogtóñg only (in the sense of ‘none other’;
applied esp. to offspring of people,
plants or animals)
buís tax
buká sprout, shoot (of plant); to sprout (on-)
vocál member of the Provincial Board
25
bokáy to turn (a page etc.)

bokáyo coconut candy; to candy coconut
bobokáyoén middle stage in development of
coconut, still green but
sufficiently mature to be used
for bokáyo
bokél bean, grain, seed, clove (of garlic)
búkid vicinity, surroundings
bokíg east, eastern section of town or
province
búknol knot; to knot (man-)
bókol swelling caused by blow
bókor alone; different from the rest, unique,
set apart
bokót bent over, hunched, stooped (esp. of
elderly people)
búksot closely woven deep bamboo basket
(may be round or square in shape)
bóla ball
bulág blind
buláki small cockroach
bulaklák flower
bolán month, moon
búlañg cockfight; attend a cockfight (mi-);
participate in cockfight (by owning a
cock, betting, etc.) (man-)
buláñglañg native dish of vegetable seasoned with
inasín
bulaslás advance, come nearer; push or move
forcefully
búlaw fake
bolawén large, tall growing tree with small
leaves; the trunk is used for making
house posts etc.
boláwit cane, twig of bamboo
bolból a thin porridge of boiled rice; to boil
rice thus (man-)
bolég family, intimates
sankabolég a family
boliáw to answer a person by shouting
bólik speckling of black and white (e.g. in
the feathers of a chicken)
bolílit small person, dwarf
bolóbol topic; hubbub
26
bológ boy, male

bolók rotten, gone to waste (of fish, meat,
produce)
bolóñg leaf
bolós be willing, allow (-an)
bolótoñg smallpox
búlsa packet
búlto sack or pack of grain
bómba bomb; inflamatory speech by politician
bombá pump
bombayána Indian
buná be of abundant growth, lush, verdant
(on-)
mabuná lush, luxuriant in growth
bonál to transplant rice seedlings; plow,
cultivate the field for transplanting
rice seedlings
bonék to exert effort (man-)
bonígas attractive appearance, sex appeal
bánog to distribute (man-)
bunór edible fish species
bontók to throw out, cast out (i-)
bónton clay
bontón heap, pile; to gather up, pile up
bónyag to reveal
bunyág = binyág, q.v.
boñgá fruit; to bear fruit (on-)
maboñgá bearing fruit, laden
bóñgboñg container made from hollow bamboo
tube two or three nodes in length,
used for storing salt etc.
bóñggoy group, association
buñgísñgis be giggly, laugh easily
borák (of fruit) to be plentiful and ready for
picking; (of the sun) to be about to
rise (on-)
burakán sea coast; wave in the sea or in a river
borál to erase
bórda to embroider (man-)
burí lie, false statement; give a false
statement (man-)
borirót easily angered
búro fish fermented with rice and yeast
búrsit jinx
27
bosarót to pout (on-)

bóses voice, voices
bosína horn (of automobile)
bosísi talkative
búskag sprout, burst open (as e.g. a flower
bud)
bosól enmity
kabosól enemy, foe; be enemies (man-)
bosón, buzón mail box
botáka wooden chair
botasyón balloting
botáw to burst, pierce (on-)
bótay to return, be present after a long
absence (on-)
botÉlya bottle
botéte a kind of fish similar to sapsáp q.v.
botíl piece
botnák to burst
bóto vote; to vote (man-)
botón push button
boyág to be about to sprout (of plants in
general)
onboboyág time of growth, growing season
bóyak to spread, scatter evenly (as when
putting rice, corn, etc. to dry in the
sun) (on-)
boyóg large jar (e.g. water pot)
28
CH
chá tea
chíco tree with fruit about the size of a plum and having
sweet, coarse-grained flesh
chiÉsa tree with pear-shaped fruit having yellow orange
dry flesh
chinÉlas slippers
chocolátE drinking chocolate
chóñggo monkey
29
D
da by them, their (attributive pronoun)
irá, ra they (subject/topic pronoun)
sikará they, them (independent pronoun)
dáan old (i.e. not new)
kadaanán old, ancient
dabóg to manifest displeasure by e.g. stamping
or dragging the feet while walking (man-)
daboláp = dakuláp, q.v.
dabók dust
marabók dusty, full of dust
daég overcome, surpass, overpower, prevail,
deliver (maN-)
dagá dagger
dágdag hasten, hurry (-en)
dagém air, wind
dagés to bear down (as a woman in labor) (on-);
be forced to take stringent measures
dáget to touch with pressure, lean on or against
(on-)
dageyám evoking tender emotions
madageyám sweet (emotionally)
dagó to go to a reception (on-)
dágom needle
1
dágop sum, total
2
dágop place where people happen to meet or
come together without prearranged plan
dáges immediately, hastily; to hasten (on-)
daíñg dried salted fish
daisét small in number, few, a little, rarely; tend
to be few (man-) become few (on-)
dagdaisét very few; almost
dáit to sew (man-)
dakát footprint; to step on (on-)
dakél many, much, often
dakerakél abundant
marakél many
dakép be nice, pleasant to (on-)
marakép nice, pretty, fine (quality)
dakuláp palm of the hands
dakót handful, to take a handful
dakmómo to bow very low
dalá blood
30
dinalaán pork etc. cooked in pig’s blood

dalág mudfish
dalán road, way, street, path
dalándan navel orange
daláñg flame
dalátdat to tell, inform about (i-)
dálaw to pay a visit
dalayáp lime (fruit or tree)
dáldal talkative (also, derogatory term for
Chinese)
1
dalém inside (a pile etc.), depth
aralém deep; become deep (on-)
kaaralém depth
2
dalém to accuse (man-)
daléyet way of behaving
dalí continue, go on, proceed; hurriedly
dalíg wheel
dalígdig be about to fall (of tears) (man-)
dalikán stove
dalikirík broken, shattered
dálin earth, soil, farmland
dalísay pure, unadulterated
daliwéy large sea crabs
daluñgdóñg black headcloth worn by female relatives
of deceased for one year (until bakás); to
put a veil on the head (man-)
dalós to clean, clear of weeds, etc.; work on the
farm, harvest any crop (on-)
maralós clean, clear of weeds, etc.
dalóyon large wave in the sea, breaker
dáma repetition of some annoying act
maráma repeatedly annoying, vexing
damá the width of the hand or four fingers
1
damág news
2
damág jealous, become jealous (on-)
dámay empathize, share in trouble, etc. (mi-)
dámit corporal punishment; reprimand severely
dámo something which is being tried out, used,
or put on for the first time
dampalís blow, beating; to beat (man-)
dámpig a green seaweed used as a vegetable
31
dampíl to strike someone with the hand on any

part of the body
dámsak cruelty; become cruel (on-)
dánay do something in an orderly and
systematic fashion, perform task in
proper manner
dándan to reach (on-)
dandán understanding; to comprehend
agnarandán mysterious
danél to crush, soften; swollen, pulpy
danúm water; become wet, watery (on-)
paranúm irrigation system
1
dánop to till (man-)
2
dánop collection; to collect (e.g. stamps, coins,
etc.)
dantál order, harmony
danyós, dañós damages (compensation for wrong
inflicted etc.)
dañgáldañgál excessively slow
dañgán to put one’s head on something
dañganán pillow
dáñgdañg heat; to heat (man–)
dañgól bark (of dog); to bark (man-)
daóp to put the palms of the hands together
(man-)
dapá to spread on the ground, usu. to expose
to the sun (i-)
dapán sole of the foot
dápat obtain, reach, arrive at
dapígas to touch, be touching (on-)
dápil to mill sugar cane
dapít in the direction of, towards (the east etc.)
daplís miss, failure to hit target, etc.
dápo landing place; to alight, drop onto (on-)
dápol ash; reduce to ashes (on-)
dápot provided that; as long as
darás carpenter’s adze
dasál prayer; to pray (man-)
dasalán prayer book, missal
daség put in line, arrange (man-)
dásel movement; to move (on-)
dásig straight line, row; to line up, arrange in a
line (man-)
32
datál wooden or bamboo floor

datéñg encounter
dáti before, previously; frequently done,
customary, habitual
dátu leader of a tribal group, chief
dawá rice grain (in relation to remainder of rice
plant)
dáwat favor sought
piráwat to seek a favor
dawí
arawí far, distant
arawdawí very far
dayábdab to flare up, spread (of fire) (man-)
dáyat sea, ocean
dáyew honor, respect, praise; to honor etc.
(man-)
dEvoción devotion; perform an act of (esp.
religious) devotion (man-)
deén be quiet, act quietly (man-)
mareén quiet, still
dekén woven bamboo ring for placing at base of
pots, jars, etc.
dekét blackness; become black (on-)
andekét black
deláñgdeláñg sudden heat
deláp flood; to flood (on-)
déldel to insist (on-)
delegádo delegate
dElíver to deliver (goods) (man-)
délnet to dip in sugar, salt, etc.
delsáñg tobacco ash
dEmánda to accuse
demét to choose, pick out (on-)
dEmocrácia democracy
dEmónio devil
dená lime (chemical)
dendén frustrations, troubles
deñgél to hear (on-)
nañgelán was heard
depá arm; to spread with outstretched arms
(man-)
depák to kick (man-)
dEpartamÉnto department
dEfÉcto defect
33
dérak to consume, use (water, electricity, etc.)

(man-); to lose, use up (-en)
déral to destroy (man-)
deremén ‘black rice’, a sweet made from toasting
and pounding selected grains of new rice
derÉtsa legitimate, rightful
dérew to hand something (man-)
deriá to teach a lesson (in punitive sense)
dEsgrasiá accident
desi- (before numerals saís, siÉte, ócho,
nuÉvE) -teen
desiáng accident
dEciÉmbrE December
dÉspartE impossible
dEstíno destination
dEtÉra dismissal of gathering, class, etc.;
finishing time
di plural or respect marker used with
personal nouns to indicate subject/topic
or attributive status or as a personal
article
diá here
división division (esp. in government office etc.)
didál thimble
diÉs ten (in phrases referring to money, time,
dates, addresses)
digó soup, cook as soup (-an)
diká grass, weeds
dikén cloth ring placed on head under pot,
basket being carried
díket stain left by drops of liquid
dikíng side (of person or object)
dilá tongue
dilamós to wash the face (man-)
dilát to stick out the tongue
díldil to lick a plate clean, lap up (man-)
díli self, (one’s) own
díloy sweetness (e.g. of love)
dimán there
dínan which (interrogative)
díno else
dinték something finely made and aligned
marinték exactly and finely made in line
díñgdiñg wall; to wall a house etc. (man-)
34
diñgót dirt, mess; become dirty (on-)

mariñgót dirty; dirty clothing ready for
washing
Diós God
diósa goddess, (woman of) great beauty
diplóma diploma, academic degree, certificate of
completion (of schooling, course, etc.)
diputádo congressman
directória directorate (esp. committee of leaders of
political party)
dirlíñg to listen attentively
dirósa pink; become pink (on-)
disgústo displeased, displeasure
dismáyo discouraged, disappointed
distánsia distance
distríto district (esp. congressional district)
ditá venom, poison secreted by snakes and
other animals; to smear poison on an
arrow head etc.
ditán there (near addressee)
diwít to touch lightly, e.g. with the tips of one’s
fingers
duá two
duámplo twenty
duanlasós two hundred
duduára two only
duára two individuals
komaduá second in order
komalabinduá twelfth
labinduá twelve
lablabinduá twelve only
maminduá twice, two times
pídua second time
sandérua two by two; two each
duarúa fickle mind; doubts
dóble double
duég carabao
duÉto duet; sing etc. a duet (man-)
dúga enough, fit; to fit well, be just enough
(on-)
duká beggar
dukámat mention something unintentionally, let
slip
35
dukámil poor work, messy condition or

appearance of something done
dokdók to pick up or raise something from the
floor (maN-)
dukéy length
andukéy long; become long, be elongated
(on-)
dukiáng a very small variety of clam
dúklos to hit (on-)
dúknal to attend, be present at a gathering,
party, etc. (on-)
dokól to lie down (on-)
docomÉnto document
dókot kidnapping, pickpocketing; to kidnap
(maN-)
duksá cruelty, violence
maruksá cruel, severe
dóctor doctor; study to become a doctor (man-)
dolákak egret
dúlang low table for use by persons squatting on
floor
dolíng cross eyed
dológ to (present a) petition to a superior court
(on-)
dólyar, dóllar /dólyar/dollar (plural: dolyárEs)
dumá different; be different (man-); become
different (on-)
nidumá abnormal
nirumárumá unique
domég to hang one’s head (in shame,
embarrassment, etc.) (on-)
dómog to find, come across unexpectedly
dúmsis lie, evil doing
madúmsis liar
Don honorific title preceding Christian name
of senior male members of notable
families and also barrio captains
dóndon to accomplish, fulfill (on-)
dónoñg skill, good qualities
marónoñg skilled
Doña honorific title preceding Christian name
of married woman, usu. female head of
notable family; also used to denote
woman given to asserting superiority etc.
36
doñgáp to breathe heavily from illness or

exhaustion (man-)
doñgáw to look out of the window (on-)
dorongáwen window
doñgét to come out of a room etc. (on-)
doñgó to go to eat at the table (on-); meet
someone face to face
paroñgó conduct guests to the table, have
guests for dinner (man-); serve
(food) (i-)
pandoroñgoán celebration‚ get-together
doóñg to anchor, moor
dorooñgán port; entrance, gateway
doót to kill (on-)
dopág presence of many people at a gathering,
funeral, etc.; to be present at such a
gathering (on-)
dopíkpik to waddle
dopisák to sit in a relaxed or carefree manner, to
sprawl (on-)
dupóñg group of persons, meeting of two or more
persons
durón winged stage of locust or grasshopper
dórot poke someone with a stick or finger
dos two (time, money, etc.)
dosá punishment (general term)
dósE twelve (time, money, etc.)
duták dirt, filth, mess; to scatter dirt etc. (man-)
maruták dirty, messy
duyáw yellow
dóyo to attract the senses
makaróyo inviting fragrance
doyók to thrust (man-)
dráma (theatrical) play
pidráma to cast in a play
jeepney /dyípni/ ‘jeepney’, a mini-bus made from a Jeep
37
E
e interjection usu. to get or maintain
attention of addressee, draw attention to
what one has said, etc.
Earopláno = aeropláno, q.v.
ebá to carry (esp. carry a child) (man-)
1
ebák to peel (a fruit etc.) (man-)
2
ebák = ebá
Evaporáda evaporated; evaporated milk
ebát reply, answer; to answer (on-)
ebéb a variety of banana with large sweet fruit,
the skin of which remains green even
when the fruit is ripe
ébeg (of a lover) jealousy, possessiveness; to
become jealous (on-)
ebéñg thinness; become thin (on-)
mabéñg thin, lean
ebés to be behind time, too late; of rice:
maturing too late, therefore with little
harvestable grain
ebét anus, rectum
ed marker for unfocused referent in verbal
sentences; to, for, at, on
Edád age
educación education
egáb yawn; to yawn (man-)
egát eel
egés abdomen, stomach, belly
egná to hold (man-)
égpañg to compare (man-)
ekál to remove, take off, get out (on-)
ekát absence of water in a river, brook, etc.; to
reduce the amount of water (on-)
Exámin /Eksámin/ to examine (usu. in an official capacity or
as a doctor examines a patient etc.) (man-)
elék to laugh (on-)
palék cause to laugh
maelék laughing
ElEcción election
eléng nose
elét rigor, firmness
malét strong, well founded
38
elétneg continuing, remaining (in force etc.)

eléw dizziness
Embajadór ambassador
emék small rice grain
emél dumb (unable to speak)
EmplEádo employee
EnÉro January
Entabládo stage (for entertainers, speakers, etc.)
éntang to be tortured
EntÉrna cloistered, interned
EntÉro entire, whole
Éntra entrance, beginning of (event)
manEntra the beginning
Európa Europe
epá rice husk
épas to alight from a vehicle
epél blunt, dull; become blunt (on-)
erás hunger
narasán hungry
erél arrest, apprehend, catch (man-)
erém to eat supper (mañgdém = maN- + erém)
panamandém suppertime
ermén sorrow, loneliness, despair
maermén sorrowful, sad, lonely
kaermenán cause, occasion of sorrow
ersísio to take exercise (man-)
ésaes to whisper together (man-)
esél to answer (on-); intercede (i-)
manañgiesél intercessor
esér pointed instrument used in removing
grains of corn from the corn cob
esiáb topic
Escandaló scandal; to create a scandal (man-)
Eskóba brush (for cleaning)
EskuÉla student; to go to school (man-)
EskuElaán school
EscribiÉntE clerk
Espáda sword
nanEspáda carrying a sword
ExpEdiÉntE records
/EspEdiÉntE/
EspEcialísta specialist
ExpÉrto /EspÉrto/ expert (plural: ExpÉrtos)
Espínaca spinach
39
Espíritu spirit
Estádo state (political entity; condition in life,
etc.)
Estádos United States of America (EE.UU.
Unídos U.S.A.)
Estación station; stop for passengers etc. at depot
(on-)
Estátua statue, figurine
et however, but
etá raw, uncooked or undercooked
maetá unripe, green (fruit), uncooked
etél constipation; difficulty or hardness in
bowel movements
ey particle marking questions
eyág to scream, shout (on-)
eyéy call, demand; to demand (on-)
40
G
gabáy desired, wanted, liked (by) (= labáy)
gabiáñg rip, tear; to tear something violently
(man-)
gabinÉtE cabinet (governmental)
gábot unsalted lard
gaém group of persons
1
gaér dedication, conscientiousness
2
gaér residue, dregs
gágal to chew betel nut prepared with lime and
pepper leaves
gágalen betel nut prepared for chewing
gagála aim, purpose
gála come! (imperative) (plural form often gáli)
gálañg respect, honor; to respect (man-)
magálañg respectful, polite
1
galáw game; to play (man-); to play a trick (on
someone)
galáwgálaw toy
pangalawán source of amusement
2
galáw to move (on-)
kagagálaw action
gáli = gála, q.v.
gálip to slice (man-)
galís slipperiness; become slippery (on-)
galóñggoñg sea fish about the size of a herring but
with rounded body
galót to print
pagalótan printing press
gamál to invite help in harvesting one’s crops;
provide food etc. for one’s harvesters
gamét finger, toe; claw
gámor witchcraft; to bewitch (man-)
gamór to achieve, obtain
gána become beautiful (on-)
magána beautiful, pretty
magangána quite nice, not too bad
ganáganá everything, every, all
gánas appetite
gánat hurry (man-); be in a hurry (on-)
ganchílyo crocheting hook; to crochet, (man-)
gangán order, direction; to order, direct (man-)
41
igagangán servant
gánilgil to speak in a broken or trembling voice
(man-)
ganó proximate (of time)
aganó soon, not for long
maganó for a minute, shortly
kaganó soon
gánso goose
gáor to row (a boat) (man-); oar
gápil weakness
magápil thin
gapó to start (on-); beginning, cause, origin
kagapógapó apprentice; having just begun
garbánzos chick peas
gáriñg rag doll
garíta small store, often located in house or
house-lot of owner
garól the crust that forms where boiled rice is in
contact with the bottom of the pot
garóñg storehouse for rice etc.
gasáñg smarting pain; (of food) hot, pungent,
bitter-tasting
gasolína gasoline
gáspang coarse, rough
gastós expense; to spend (man-)
gatá coconut milk
gátañg coconut milk
gátas coconut milk
gatél itching, scratchy; become itchy (on-)
gátgat to chew well (man-)
1
gáton to put down (i-)
2
gáton a part, separate portion, unit of a whole
gawá task; to do, work, make (man-)
kagawaán instrument, tools
gáwat famine
gawíñg to be connected (on-)
gayága to become happy (on-)
magayága happy
gayágay happy, joyful (= gayága)
magayágay = magayága
gayamán centipede
gayáñg pointed object, arrow
gáyat slit; to slit (man-)
42
gayógoy to drag an object by a rope fastened

around its middle
gebá to destroy (man-)
agebá destroyed, fallen, collapsed
gelégelé mud fish
gélgel to wash or rinse clothes by rubbing one
part of the material against another
gémgem handful
genáp perfection, complete realization
agnáp real
kagnapán realization
magenáp ample, sufficient
gendát usual, habitual
geñggéñg spider
gergér to cut, slice (man-)
gesáñg to vanish (on-)
getár appointed (time); to determine or signal
the time for something (as, e.g. Wednesday
might automatically mean market day)
getél to gather, pluck, pick (flowers etc.) (man-)
gétget fold in skin on arms, legs, etc. of young
child
gígi fussy
gigiám to be frightened or startled by something
falling
gíkgik swallow (bird)
gilábot cross eyed
gilás rustling of leaves (e.g. when wind is
blowing).
giláta ant
gilíg edge; put at the edge (on-, i-)
gíliñg to grind (man-)
gilitán a very small variety of clam
gímper to save, be thrifty (man-)
panaggímper thrift
gínlep shiny; (of clothes) of fine quality and
appearance
gínto gold
gipít lack of time
girí skin disease (general term); be affected by
skin disease (man-)
gisá to saute (man-)
gisántEs green peas
gítgit to insist (on-)
43
gíwgiw to tremble (man-)

gíya, guía /gía/ guide
glória glory
guántEs glove; to put gloves on (man-)
guápo handsome
guapíto handsome (usu. said of a child)
guárdia watchman; to guard (man-)
gobErnadór governor
gobiÉrno government
gúgu to rub, scratch (man-)
guláman extract from agar-agar seaweed from
which a jelly-like dessert is prepared
golígol fever; to have a fever (man-)
gólis line; to make or draw a line (man-)
goló to disrupt, ruin, make trouble (man-)
golóñggolóñg steel chain or rope
gunaét ambition, wish (in sense of what one would
like to be or to achieve)
gundól kind of melon shaped like a large
cucumber usually candied
gongóna surprise, present, reward
gonígon problem, trouble; be troubling (on-)
gonóy —
nagonóyan by and by, later on
góra cap, hat; to put on a hat (man-)
gorábis (wooden) match; to strike a match (man-)
gorágor to rub (man-)
górgor = gorágor, q.v.
gústo liked, wanted (by); to like (someone)
(man-)
gótgot trouble, misunderstanding; to make
trouble (on-)
góto tripe
góyaét jealous; to become jealous (on-)
goyór to pull, drag (man-)
grádo grade
gramática grammar
granátE reddish-purple
grándE lavish, on a grand scale
grípo tap, faucet
groserí grocery store
44
H/J
jardín garden
haciÉnda large landed estate
hacEndÉro owner of hacienda
háyskol high school
jÉfE chief (esp. chief of police; the term jefe may
be used as a title preceding the surname of a
chief of police)
híbE dried shrimp
higántE, gigántE giant
/higántE/
ginÉbra /hinÉbra/ gin
juÉvEs Thursday
juÉtEng a very popular (although illegal in most
places) gambling game involving the
selection of numbers
juÉz judge (term of reference or address)
júlio July
júnta ruling committee, esp. of a political party
juzgádo court (in administrative sense)
júsi silk-like thread spun from banana fibre, cloth
made from this thread
justícia justice
jústo adequate, enough
45
I
íba companion; to accompany (-an); to help
(man-)
kaíba accompaniment; servant, helper,
maid, houseboy; mate; chaperon
Ibále Manila
ibég to covet, desire, fall in love with (on-)
makakaibég jealousy, possessiveness
igadó dish consisting of liver sauted with
onions, garlic, etc.
ígar to grate (man-)
igát eel
igólot Igorot--minority groups living in the
Benguet and Ifugao provinces in the
mountains north of Pangasinan
igót niggardly, thrifty
ígsa time (general term; includes time of the
clock)
ígtad evasive move, sudden jump
ikál to abort (man-)
kaikalán abortion
ikamén mat; to sit, sleep on a mat (man-)
íkaw earrings
ikbán to release, become free (on-)
ikét net
íkit stepmother, stepfather
iknól egg
ikól tail
iládo fresh fish
ilák to gyrate, turn around (on-)
ilálak children, direct descendants; to have
children, direct descendants (man-)
ilálo await, hope for, expect (man-)
iláñg tower
ílañgílañg large tree having fragrant flowers with
long yellow-green petals; the flowers
themselves
iláp to cut finely (man-)
ilík unhusked rice
ilít to confiscate (man-)
ilíw homesickness; be homesick (on-)
ílog river
ilóp to sip (on-)
46
ilót to massage or rub gently (man-)

ilwán be accustomed to (man-)
nailwán habit, addiction
imáno to take care, see to
imásmas to recover imatón to observe, see, witness, test
from illness, relax with the senses
(man-)
imáy = may, q.v. imbél hurt feelings, resentment (against
someone); to be hurt, offended (on-)
ímbis instead ímeng hot, warm; become warm (on-)
imigrásyon ímis smiling; to smile (man-)
immigration
ímus shapely ímpis thin (inanimate objects only)
imprÉnta to print (maN-)
imsáy gentle
iná mother
inagém fever, sickness; be sick (man-)
inám to crave for food, drink, clothing, etc.
(man-)
ínan see yan
ínap suspicion; to suspect (man-)
ináraméy string, thread
inasín a relish made from salting fish or shrimp
and leaving to age
inatéy the dead, deceased
ináwa feeling of relief, rest, repose; be
comfortable, better off, live comfortably
(on-); to rest (man-)
inbitá to invite (man-)
invitación invitation
inchík see intsík
índan —
kaíndan left, abandoned
indEpEndiÉntE independent
IndEpEndiÉntE Aglipayan (member of the Iglesia
Filipina Independiente); to be an
Aglipayan (man-)
indórso endorse (esp. in relation to political
candidacy)
inér where (interrogative)
ingEniÉro /inhEniÉro/ engineer
inkantáda fairy tales
inóm to drink (on-)
inomáy ease; become easy (on-)
47
mainomáy easy, free of difficulty

inóñg term of address used to a boy playmate
whose name etc. is unknown to speaker
(not used by adults)
inót to do slowly or by degrees; consume
something slowly (man-)
inútil disabled, useless
insán then, next
insúlto insult, to insult (man-)
inspiración inspiration
intEligÉntE intelligent
/intElihÉntE/
intErmÉdia intermediate
intsík, inchík Chinese
iñgál noise, shouting, altercation; to make
noise, shout (on-)
maiñgál rowdy, excessively noisy
iñgás hard breathing; be out of breath (on-)
iñgát toothpick; to pick one’s teeth (man-)
iñgén but, moreover
iñgét narrow
IñglatÉrra England
iñglÉs English (person or language)
íñglét cruel
1
iñgóñgot annoyance, anger
2
iñgóñgot wish, hope
ípag sister-in-law
ipét tightness; become tight (on-)
ipíl shrubby variety of acacia
ipón very small fish often made into inasín
irá see da
írap hardships, torment; be difficult (on-);
suffer (man-)
maírap difficult, hard (emotionally)
mamaírap the poor
irí indecision, restlessness, vacillation
iróg gold which is dirty or impure; dress with
garish colors
iróñg to sit (on-)
iroñgán chair, bench, suite of furniture
isá one (= sakéy)
isáw animal to be used as food
ísla island
48
ísip mind; to think (man-)

kaísipán voice, opinion
isís to scour (man-)
isnéto to adjust to something (man-)
1
itá see ta
2
itá to go ahead of someone, invite to follow
itáw term of address used to girl playmate
whose name etc. is unknown to speaker
(not used by adults)
itér to give (maN-)
naitdán given
ítik native duck
ití see ti
íto small catfish
itsúra kind, face, appearance
íwas to shift one’s position, shift something,
but not away from general area in which
it is situated (on-)
íwi care of or for animals
íyan see yan
49
K
ka you, sg., familiar (topic pronoun)
siká you, sg. familiar (independent
pronoun)
kabakáb covered with any kind of skin disease
(na-, a-)
kabán cavan, a dry measure approximately
equivalent to a bushel; a trunk for
storing clothes etc.; deposit
kabarét cabaret, night club
kábat to know (man-); knowledge;
acquaintance
pakábat to inform (mañgi-);
advertisement, notice,
announcement
sankakábat intimate, close associate
kabátyan female
kabáyo horse; to ride a horse (on-)
kabkabáyo toy horse
kábil to attack, whip, punish
kabít attach; joint; share a part
kabkáb to gnaw; body dirt
káblit to touch lightly
kábtang duty
kádkad to scrape
kagáy to shave (man-)
kágter privilege, opportunity
cajÉro cashier
kahón box
káhoy cassava
kaíli, sankaíli alien, foreigner, stranger
kaláb to climb a tree, well, etc. (on-)
kálaba honeycomb, similar nest of insect
kaladkád rake made from bamboo or wood
kalaéng small clay stove
kalág interpreted dream
kalákal do well, behave well (man-);
intelligence, good judgement
kalamansí small citrus fruit, somewhat like lime
in flavor
kalamór the pity of it! pathetic, grieving
kalánsing tinkle (man-)
kálap to catch fish with a net (man-)
50
kalás clean cane by removing the nodes

kalát to bite
kalatkát mixture of distinct entities
kaláwit stick or pole for reaching fruits; to
gather fruits etc. by means of a kaláwit
kaláykay cluster of fruits or nuts; rake
kálbo to pour over (man-, mañgi-)
kaldÉro deep cooking pot, kettle
kalí gold mine
káling to dry fish in the sun or over fire; dried
salted fish
kális chalice
kálitkálit ankle
kalkál to unwind
kálna be slow
makálna slow
kaló movable pulley
kalobása calabash gourd used as a vegetable
kalóg to shake up and down (man-)
kalóng basket made of palm leaves
kalúpi cigarette case, wallet, or similar
container
kaluskus rustling noise
1
kalót edible tuber
2
kalót to roast (mañgi-)
kamá to touch with the hand (man-)
kamanéw white spots on skin; skin disease
causing this
kamálir granary
kamarérua soul
panagkamarérua All Souls’ Day
kamátis tomato
kamés to mix
kamí see mi
kamisadEntro shirt
kamisÉta undershirt
kámot raise food to the mouth; eat with the
hands
kamóro pimples
kamótE camote, sweet potato
kamótEng káhoy cassava
kampána bell
kámpay act of flying; spreading the wings
51
kámpit big kitchen knife

kámpo camp (army camp etc.)
kamposánto cemetery
kan to eat (maN-)
kánen food (mlt. kakanen ‘things to
eat’)
nakán food
pakán to feed; to serve food (mañgi-)
kaná to serve for something, be fit,
advantageous
ikaná ingredients
kakanáan use, effect
kanáw to mix, stir
kanawnáwa easy, comfortable; be easy, comfortable
(man-) (also kanawánáwa)
kanáyon relative
kandádo padlock
kandidáto (m.) candidate (usu. for political office)
kandidáta (f.) candidate (usu. for queen of
fiesta (etc.)
kandíla candle
kandíng goat
kandóng tree with round leaves used in the
preparation of dye
kanéyney moderate, just enough
kanián therefore, so, accordingly
kanión home-made miniature cannon
fashioned from bamboo tubing
kankantí firefly
kánot fibrous part of the langka fruit
cáncEr cancer
kansión song; to sing (maN-)
kansionán singing contest esp. where a
pair composed of a man and
woman debate each other in
song.
kánta to sing (maN-)
kañgkáñg shake off dress; spread out to dry
káñgkoñg Ipomea reptans, a vine similar to
camote, used as a green vegetable
kaót get something from a closet, packet,
etc. (man-)
kápa collar, hood
kapá feel for with the hands
52
kapál thickness; become thick (on-)

makapál thick
kapáy make a stroke in swimming
cafÉ coffee
kapés cotton
kapigán when (interrogative)
kápis sack not filled to capacity; empty
stomach
kápit seedless, immature fruit
kapitán captain
kapkáp feel, touch with the palm of the hands
kápol mixture for filling up hole etc.; to fill
with wax etc.
kapót lid; to close (man-)
kápoy weakness, debility
makápoy weak, ineffectual, inferior, in
poor condition
karág to stamp the foot heavily
karakkák laughter
kárang shelter made of nipa and placed on
boat or carabao cart
karápas touch, come across
kárat person or animal just recovering from
illness; thin‚ emaciated
káraw to go courting (on-, man-)
kargá to fill, put into
karí adverb indicating intensity
karinyó affection
makarinyó affectionate, romantic
kárit to extract the juice of the nipa palm for
making vinegar; a small sickle used for
cutting nipa for this purpose
karitón cart, esp. oblong cart pulled by
carabao; to carry produce etc. in a cart
kakaríton baby cart, pushchair
cárnE meat
karnÉro sheep, mutton, lamb
cáro funeral car, hearse
karól thunder
káromán yesterday
karúsa float of queen during fiesta parade
karót to pinch
karsáda road
cárcel jail, prison
53
karsón pants, trousers

kartaplúma pocket knife
cartÉro postman
cartÉlEs streamers
kasál marriage
pankasalán site of the wedding reception
kasalánan sin, fault, defect
kásel to give voice to emotion, thoughts, etc.
makásel able to express feelings etc.
kasEróla casserole
kási mercy; show mercy to (-an)
pikási request mercy or favors
kasí isn’t it?, surely, don’t you think?
kasiá the first time
kásig outrigger made of bamboo
kásil power, vigor, strength, health
maksíl strong, forceful; healthy
kasílyas toilet
káso case, event
kastíla Spaniards, Spanish
katáo person
sansankatáo a single individual
katát leather
katawán lord, master
Diós ya Katawán ‘The Lord God’
katáy saliva
káti low tide; go out (of the tide) (on-)
kátli scissors; cut with scissors (maN-); use
scissors (man-)
kátneb put in a hole, bury in a hole (mañgi-)
katólañgán parents-in-law; to have a son- or
daughter-in-law (maN-)
católico Roman Catholic
katórse fourteen
cátsup ketchup, tomato sauce
káwa small caldron
káwal to alter course
kawáli deep frying pan
káwanán right hand
1
kawás to diminish, reduce (maN-)
2
kawás walk with wide strides
kawasá, andínakawasá to be destitute, without hope of work
or means of livelihood
54
káwat wine
kawayán bamboo
kawés clothes, clothing; to dress (man-
(oneself), maN-)
kawéy beckon; get somewhere, find a place
kawigí the left hand
kawíl large fishhook
kawíñg link in a chain; to link with chain or
cord
kawkáw to wash the private parts with water
káya advantage, ability to do something
kayás to clean a cane or reed by scraping it
with a knife
káykay cleaning material
káyo piece of cloth
kayó see yo
kebét dry, wither
nakbetán affected by poor harvest or
drought
kekéng little finger
kelág small, small object
añgkelág small
kelát convulsion, paralysis
keláw surprise, astonish, amaze
makapakeláw strange, amazing
kelpá fog
kémeg lazy person or animal
kemél to catch fish with the hands; to fish
(man-)
kemkém to hold tightly with the hand; to
massage
kená to hit a target with shot, stone, etc.
kepés to empty a swelling
1
kepkép to be just above the surface
2
kepkép to pick up and hold a child or object in
one’s arms
kerá to leave
kerél to be full of people, houses, plants, etc.
makdél thick (of forest or growth);
preoccupied
keréw to ask for, beg
makeréw always, often asking or begging
kesáw to tire
55
naksawán tired, fatigued

késo cheese
ketáng tire of being on one’s feet
ketég boundary of a community or political
division
ketél to shiver from the cold; freeze,
congeal, solidify (as fat) (on-)
ketkét to bite (includes insect and snake
bites)
ki you, topic, respectful (usu. combined
with la ‘already’)
kiáwkiáw gossip monger, talkativeness
kíbolós to release (mañgi-)
kíbot miserable, dissatisfied; act miserably
kídkid to scrape or sand something,
producing fine powder or dust
kién thing; used with attributive particles
and pronouns to indicate possession;
interjection expressing hesitation while
thinking of what to say— ‘uh’;
what-you-may-call-it
makankién owner
kiéw tree, stick, timber
kígtel to become stiff, set (on-)
kígtot astonishment
kílkil file (tool)
kiláw to eat raw meat or fish (man-)
kilíkilí armpit
kíling to fear
1
kilíng observe, take note of, look at (maN-)
2
kilíng small, thornless variety of bamboo
kilíti ticklish
kílo kilo, unit of weight equivalent to 2.2
lbs.
kílomÉtro kilometer
kilót muddy object or state
makilót muddy
kimát lightning
kímey work, job, task; to work (man-)
kínchay Chinese celery
kindát to wink
kíndi candy
kindí to from (personal, plural or respectful)
56
kínen to, from (personal, singular)

kínse fifteen
quínto fifth (district etc.)
kípkip something carried under the armpit
kirém to close the eye (on-)
kirép eyebrow
kírlap to glitter (man-)
kisáp to cut small pieces off lumber, metal,
etc.
kísir sparcity, smallness, shortness
makísir narrow
1
kiskís to strike a match (man-); rub together
2
kiskís to shave (man - oneself, maN- another)
kitáw to agree (on-)
kiwál to stir, turn over rice or dough, etc.
kiwás movement or disturbance in a body of
water
kiwél the motion of a snake when travelling
kiwét become crooked, twisted (on-)
kiwí to twitch, move a part of the body
kláse class, kind, type
ko me, my, by me (attributive pronoun)
-k form of ko when preceding
word ends in a vowel
kuáb to amaze
cuadrádo square, squared
kuán said, thought (followed by attributive
particle or pronoun)
kuarÉnta forty (usu. money)
kuárta money
makuárta wealthy
kuárto living quarters, bedroom
kuátro four (time, money)
kobkób to surround (in order to catch
something)
kóbot to cover lightly
cóbra to collect payment due
cobradór collector, especially of jueting
bets
cuchara spoon
cucharíta teaspoon
cucharón tablespoon, ladle
cuchíllo knife
57
kudkúd to grate coconut

cuÉtis rocket, firecracker
kúgip to dream (man-); dream
kógkor scratch
kógtot move or jump in the water (usu. of fish)
(on-)
kokáok crowing of the rooster; to crow (man-)
kokó claw; finger- or toenail; to cut one’s
nails (man-)
cocoá cocoa
nancocoá containing cocoa
1
cocót young, dried up fallen coconut
2
cocót recoil in terror, shrink from (man-)
kolaán whereabouts
kuláb bite
kuláda to bleach clothing (man-)
kólan witchcraft
koláñg insufficient
kakolañgan (state of) lacking, inadequacy
kolí diligence, industry
makolí industrious, diligent, patient
kolilí bamboo fire-sticks
kolíndas necklace
koliteptép to show annoyance or exasperation
kolkól quarrel, verbal altercation
kolnét anything sticky or chewey like toffee
makolnét sticky, chewey
kolób to cover; cover; bamboo used to cover
ridge of roof
kolóbong trap for birds; to set a trap (man-)
kulubót shrivel
kolókolóng throat
kolóng to enclose, surround
kolongán pig pen
kolór color
kolós brook, small stream, canal
kólot curl, kinky or curly hair; curl
someone’s hair (man-)
makólot curly
comádre female co-sponsor in wedding,
baptism, etc. (term of address or
reference)
kumanét crumpled
58
comÉrcio commerce
kómes to crumple clothes or paper (man-)
kómiks comic book
komís to baby sit, watch a child or other
charge constantly (man-)
komón adverb signifying desire, hope, or
anticipation
comunísta communist
komonyón communion
komósta greeting, usually followed by topic
pronoun ‘how are (you)’
kómot cover oneself with a blanket (also used
in the more general sense of kóbot,
q.v.)
compádrE male co-sponsor in wedding, baptism,
etc. (term of address or reference)
kumpárE ‘assimilated’ form of compádrE
kompápey butterfly
kómpay sickle
kompírma confirm; confirmation
kompisál confession
kompóg large assembly convened for some
specific purpose
convénto rectory
condensáda condensed milk
konÉho rabbit
congrÉso congress
kongríto concrete
konó it is said, indeed
concEjál councillor
kontÉnto contented
kopít to close mouth, eyes, book, etc.
kopkóp pick up, enclosing in both hands
koráñg to walk, step out (on- make a step,
mango walking)
sankakoráñg a single step
curácha a fast Mexican dance
korámos scarce; needy; lacking necessities
kurít be written
korók to call chickens
koróna crown, esp. crown of flowers placed on
head of fiesta queen, or patron saint on
feast day
koronasión coronation
59
koróñg to crawl, walk on all fours (on-)

kurús bless oneself, make the sign of the
cross (maN-)
cruz cross
Santa Cruz de pageant commemorating the
Mayo finding of the true cross by the
Empress Helena‚ and involving
a host of biblical and
mythological characters
korát to stoop and pick up
córte court of law
kurtína curtain
kóryat cricket
kosína kitchen; to cook (maN-)
kosinÉra cook (f.)
kosinÉro cook (m.)
koskós to grate in shreds
kóskos baldness
kóspay mistiness of the eyes (as when a
person is on the verge of tears)
koták cackle; to cackle (of chickens) (man-)
kotíñg kitten
kotkót to dig, inter
kotó head louse
kúya older brother or male of same
generation (term of address and
reference)
kuyát fast
criminál criminal
krísmas Christmas
Cristiáno Christian
cristianísmo Christianity
cruz see kurus
60
L
1
la already
tíla la ‘let’s go, we’re all going’ (used as
farewell by host to departing
guest)
2
la to go, come (on-)
laén intended destination
láki ‘you go’ (polite)
labá strike with a stick
labajíta small knife, pen knife, pocket knife
labák to divide a butchered animal into big
pieces
lában competition, opponent, fight; to fight (on-);
to liberate (i-)
kalában enemy, foe
labandÉra washerwoman
labanós mustard
labás to go beyond, pass through (on-); surplus,
excess above requirements
alabás too much, more than enough
apalabás past (time etc.)
panpalabasán pastime
labát just, only
labáy be wanted, liked (by)
malabáy desirous
lábi night, evening; become night (on-)
kalabián last night, the previous night
labin- teen (in numerals 11–19)
labláb glutton
labnót grab and snatch with violence; plucking
out of hair
labó oil the hair heavily
labóg submerge in water
labóglábog noise made by something going
through the water
labóng young, edible bamboo shoot
labót to pass through or go into a hole or
aperture
labóy use clothes, fishing equipment, etc. for the
first time
ladlád to sharpen on a stone etc.
laém center; to steer towards
61
malaém plenty, more than enough

1
lága to blanch
2
lága giddiness resulting from high fever
lagá to weave mats, hats, etc.
lágak to defend, protect (mañgi-)
lagangán hearth, fireside
1
lagás remnants of cloth, offcuts of paper
2
lagás to wound
alagás wounded
lágay to make a garment excessively long
lagiát to convince, attract by argument,
persuade (man-)
laglág to rush ahead; fall from a pocket, purse,
etc.
lagó healthy, robust individual, plant, or animal
malagó healthy, vigorous
lagók drink; to drink (on-)
lagós loose (of hat, shoes, etc.) (on- become)
malagós loose
lagót meddle; meddlesome
lagsán omit, miss, pass by, skip (man-)
lainéng slow, sorrowful music
laíngen excessively, overwhelmingly
lakáp to embrace
lakatán long, yellow variety of eating banana
láki grandfather, granduncle
lakí male; boy
laclác dry leaves of sugar cane
laknáb to fill, occupy, inhabit an otherwise empty
space
laknít to detach, pull out, peel off
láko merchandise; to sell (man-, mañgi-)
lakoán trading place, market stall
laktíp to join, unite
lalá midrib of taro
laláñg teach by example
lálo especially
nagkalálo most especially
lalóñg cock, rooster
láma to age, lose polish, etc.
lamán body, flesh, meat, muscle, substance
62
1
lámañg adverb signifying close involvement of
actor with action ‘(him-) self just the
same’
2
lámañg ingratitude, infidelity
lámat crack, fissure
lambáñg to walk with wide strides
lambeñgát only
lambílambí wattles of rooster or turkey
lambóñg to boil
lámbot luxuriant growth of vegetation
lamés trouble; to treat unjustly, aggrieve
lamét again
lamisáan table
lamlám become accustomed to something
lámo a small bamboo raft
lamót root
lampáso to scrub
lampíñg diaper
lána wool
laná fragrant coconut oil
lánañg habitually
lanír to treasure, keep securely
malanír avaricious, self interested, greedy
lanór excited, happy
lánot thick fiber
lánsar to anchor (on-)
lánson to double boil
lansónes tree with small, oblong white-fleshed fruit
with bitter seeds
lantí indeed, very much so
lañgá pottery fragments, shards
lañgáp force a dog to eat by holding its mouth
open and inserting food
lañgís sesame
láñgka jackfruit, a tree with large cylindrical fruit
up to two feet long and about half as wide,
the outer surface of which is covered with
a honeycomb of raised pointed
protuberances.
láñgkap gift
paláñgkap to give away (man-)
lañgó joint (of body)
langóche sack
63
lañguér become young (on-)

malañguér young, youthful
kalañgueran teenagers, youth, younger
generation
lañgoy to swim (on-)
laók to mix, blend (on-)
manlalaók mixed up, scrambled
laurél laurel leaves
laós to finish something already begun
laót much more
lapá branch of palm
lápag general, widespread
palápag to announce (man-)
palapagán newspaper, advertisement
lapák breaking off or displacing a leg at the joint
lápak loose garment, wide
lápar wide
lápat drowsiness, lethargy caused by fever, etc.
lápay heat clams in water to open them
lápis pencil
lapís coconut shell
lápit to put people or objects very close to each
other
lapnít to detach, pull out or off
lapó to come from a place (man-, starting point
marked by ed)
lapód because of
lápot to overdo (an activity)
larág swelling on the body; to swell, become
swollen (on-)
lárak grease, oil
larés thin skin or film (e.g. the outer skin of an
onion)
largadór person in charge of a cockfight
lárgo to go directly (on-)
larís sound of whipping or lashing
lasáw, malasáw thin (of liquid)
gátas ya ordinary (i.e. not condensed or
malasáw evaporated) milk
lasí flash of lightning; malediction
laslás go ahead, run ahead
laslásan contest
lasór to go down (as on a staircase), descend
(on-)
64
lasós hundred
sanlasós exactly one hundred
lasóslasós many hundreds
láta tin, can, dipper
de-láta canned
látak beat with force
laták crack, crevice
latí rust, corrosion
latlát to rip cloth etc. with a knife; strip leaves
latók a stake for tethering carabaos etc.
látok big wooden tray
latúp to place one thing over another, cover; to
double a cover (on-)
lawári nearly; it should be so
láwas always
lawér pepper leaf used for wrapping betel nut
lawíg large, long item of clothing
layá to increase the cargo of a boat etc. in such
a way as to be able to make maximum use
of the space available
layág ear
layák fallen leaves, withered leaves about to fall
layláy banner, flag, hanging object; (of plants) to
become limp, wither
layóg excessive tallness; grow very tall (on-)
layón to continue working at something until it
is finished; prolong; continue to hold office
after term has expired
lebág to increase in volume; expand under
pressure
lebák fall down, stretched out
lebléb to soak in liquid
leche flan a rich custard-like dessert made from egg
yolks, condensed and evaporated milk,
and sugar
lechúgas lettuce
lechón whole pig roasted on a spit; to prepare
lechon (man-)
leét aisle, space between
légan duration; while
kaleganán while
legáw to go astray, lose one’s way
leglég stupid, unable to learn
leíng to wake up (on-)
65
leksáb down
paleksáb to bring down, lower (man-)
lección lesson
léktar escape
lemék to become soft (on-), soften
anlemék soft, softened
lemlém incubate, sit on eggs to hatch, artificially
ripen green fruit
lenég only
lenér to drown
leñgát open the mouth; open a pen-knife or
similar instrument
lesá growth which takes place seemingly of its
own accord (e.g. rampant growth of
certain weeds; spread of skin disease on
the body, etc.)
palsá to create (maN-)
Manámalsa the Creator, God
pinalsá creature
leták cleft, crack
letáw to float (of object being cooked) (on-)
paletáw, to cook in water or oil so that when
paltáw the object is cooked it will float
letnég to place (oneself or an object); erect on a
site
lÉtra letter of the alphabet
lewét to beat
liáb flame
liád to produce juice from buri palm
libáñg to distract oneself, forget
libáñgan amusement
libér to go around from house to house visiting,
caroling, etc. (on-, man-)
kalibérlibér about, around, environment
líbo thousand
líbolíbo many thousands
libóg dull, booming sound (e.g. of bass drum)
líbot procession
milíbot take part in a procession
líbro book
librería library
lídEr head, leader, high official of political party
(mlt. lídErEs)
líga lushness, beauty, abundance
66
malíga fruitful, bountiful

malígan ‘Happy Christmas’
pasko
ligálig restlessness
ligís to crush seeds with a rolling pin or similar
object; rolling pin; to run over
liglíg to grind a small quantity of rice, e.g. just
sufficient for the day’s supply
liglíwa joy, happiness
líkas to hear something (e.g. an unexplained
noise); to proceed with caution (maN-)
likát to arrange fibers or threads for winding
into skeins
likáw, likáwlíkaw to go around looking without definite
purpose, meander
likét joy, happiness, delight; be happy (man-)
malikét glad, happy, pleased
makapalikét agreeable
líkid to dodge, get away from
likná to feel, sense, deduce from observation
líko corner; to turn, veer (on-)
likóp curved chisel
likót to go around from house to house etc.
liksí agility, alertness; active
liksión see lEcción
1
limá five
kumalimá fifth in order
limámplo fifty
limára five separate objects, people, etc.
limlimára five only
labinlimá fifteen
maminlimá five times
mikalimá fifth in order
sanlilimá five each
2
limá hand
limás to hold up, kidnap
limbó circle
limbóng organization; to organize
limlím to keep a secret
limón lemon
limós money given as assistance to bereaved
family
limpék, malimpék round
67
lináb brilliant, resplendent

linák calm
malínak calm, tranquil
lináñg silt deposited by floods during the rainy
season
linaó dew
lináwa breath; to breathe (on-)
linawá a desire, want, like
linéw snow; anything clear and clean like water
malinéw clear (water, speech)
línis to clean
malínis clean, neat, orderly
línya line; be in line; arrange in a line
liñgáw turn the head to one side; look back
liñgét perspiration, sweat
líñggas beauty; neatness
malíñggas beautiful; spick and span
líñggis to exchange glances
linkór service; to wait upon, serve (man-)
liñgó to err; mistake
maliñgó often mistaken
liñguán to forget, be unmindful
lipák sound produced by palm when hands are
clapped
lipát transfer a house etc. to another site, move
to another house; to disappear from one’s
sight, memory, etc.
lipáy to flatten (as dough when making a
pancake), press down on (man-); to plaster
lipoñg plate
lipós to cover entirely, especially of flood water
submerging crops and land
nalipós submerged, covered by flood
waters
lípot treachery
lírio lily
licÉncia license
liwág delay, postponement, diversion, recreation
liwás to leave what one is doing for a while
líwat absence; to fail to do one’s work or duty;
miss, be absent (on-)
liway become clear (on-)
maliway clear (on-)
liwáwa brightness, clarity
68
maliwáwa bright
paliwáwa explanation; explain, clarify
(mañgi-)
liyanÉra mold, baking pan
1
luá tears
2
luá to eject from the mouth; poke out one’s
tongue
luág to boil (liquid)
loáñg to reduce the amount of liquid in a
container; diminish, clear up
loáng a oló mentally deranged
luás to go to town (on-)
lúba to grind rice for a second time; allowance
in size or hem of clothes made for growing
child
lobír rope, string
loblób to revive a fire or make it flare up by
putting on more wood
lobók grave, tomb
lobós to buy land or goods for sale in their
entirety, leaving nothing for others
ludlúd to strike with the legs
lugá matter, foul smelling secretions in the ear
logán to travel, ride on (on-)
logánan vehicle
lógay to take off one’s hat when greeting
someone
lógi loss in transaction; bankruptcy
lugít tolerance; allowance given in competitive
game; to abandon one’s responsibilities to
one’s children, allowing them to do what
they like
luglúg to clean a bottle, vase, etc. inside by
pouring in some water and shaking it for a
while
lagór love, affection
lukás to open, uncover
loklók clean a hole, cavity, or tube with a stick or
rod
lóko to fool, play a practical joke
alóko crazy, irresponsible
managlóko irresponsible person given to
trickery
69
lokób to surround, encircle; cover oneself

completely, e.g. when cold (man-); to
cheat in a card game
lokót to roll paper, leaves, etc.
lókoy plough
loksó to jump with feet together (on-)
lólot to carry out, persist
lóma deep marsh
lómba running race
lombóy a tree with black-skinned purple fleshed
fruit similar in shape to a large olive
lómo loin, tenderloin (cut of meat)
lompós ninth day after burial; to observe lumpós
(man-)
lunák scald
lunário almanac
lúnEs Monday
lonlón to stuff one’s mouth with food; gluttony,
voracity
lonós pensive
loñgón coffin
loób inside; come inside, enter (on-); to rob
inside a house (ni-)
manpaloób inward
loók estuary, lake
lóor to abuse; (of an illness) become worse,
deteriorate (on-)
lúpa countenance, face, facade
lúpad to walk clumsily, tending to stumble or
trip up
lópak break off, break up
lópda saliva; to spit (on-)
loplóp to suck eggs, etc.
lopók weak, not sturdy, worn out
lópot cloth, rag
lorém cloud; become cloudy (on-)
malorém cloudy
losék post, pillar
loslós lower something or let something slip off
little by little; allow a boat to drift with the
current; lower oneself with the aid of a
pole
lósob to prick the foot on a thorn or spine
losók stomach, abdomen
70
losór cup, mug

lótang dislocate, come out of place
lotó to cook (man-); to ripen (on-)
nilutó cooked rice and/or other food
lúyag province
71
M
mabólo tree with umbrella-like growth and large
fragrant reddish purple fruit the shape of a
small pumpkin
mádrE nun
madríno woman who is a sponsor at a baptism,
wedding, etc. (term of reference only)
maÉstro teacher (m) (term of address or reference)
maÉstra teacher (f.)
magá to dry, wither (on-)
magámagá dryness
amagá dry
magistrádo magistrate, judge
maís corn, maize
mákina sewing machine; machine
makinílya typewriter
makmák covering of leaves on a seed bed
mákpel brave
malága a variety of pompano
malapáti pigeon
malasádo to half cook; soft boil
malét durable; tight
máli superstition
malígno evil spirit
máliw become; change from one state or form to
another (man-)
máma term of address for man of parents’
generation
mámbo mambo (dance)
man that far away, distant from speaker and
hearer
onmán like that
manáya so it is, indeed
maní peanuts
manók bird, fowl, chicken
mantíka cooking oil, fat, grease, lard
mantikílya butter
mañgga mango
mañgmáñg ignorant, illiterate, uneducated
maóñg good; something good
marikít maiden, girl of marriageable age
maruñggay a leguminous tree whose leaves and fruit are
eaten as green vegetables
72
márso March
martÉs Tuesday
mása to mold
macÉtas plant
masitÉra flower pot
máskin needed, important
masyádo too much
matá eye
may topic marking particle (non-personal) (also
imáy)
rámay plural of may (also irámay)
1
mayá wait, keep watch for a while
2
mayá (of women) to go out together
mayámayá shower of rain
mayonísa mayonnaise, salad dressing
mÉdias stockings, socks
mekmék to pound into pieces, pulverize
melág little, small
kamelág smallness
mElokotón apricot
menéñg to be without anything to talk about
mEnúdo meat or fish dish with tomato, onions, chick
peas, green peas, potatoes and raisins,
cooked in tomato sauce
merémeré to murmur
mEriÉnda between meal snack, afternoon tea, ‘light’
meal offered guests
mesmés to squeeze between the hands or arms
met also
mi our (excluding addressee), by us, us (excl)
kamí we (excl) (topic)
sikamí we, us (excl) (independent pronoun)
miÉrcolEs Wednesday
mikmík crumb, morsel
míkñgit grunt
mikroponó microphone
milyón million
minístro minister
minodÉnsia innards of animal (including heart, liver, etc.)
minóto minute (time) (pl. minótos)
mínsan once only (cf. pínsan)
mínto confirm, verify
mísa mass; to attend mass (mi-)
73
mísa de mass said at the pre-dawn cock crow

gallo (4. a.m.) on the nine days preceding
Christmas
mísis wife (not used in formal speech;
(occasionally) term of address for married
woman unknown to speaker
mísmis to break up poorly made pots or jars
mítiñg conference, meeting
mo you (non-topic), your
-m form of mo when preceding stem ends
in a vowel
muchácha (f.), servant
muchácho (m.)
mogmóg to melt away, disintegrate; rotten wood
mokmók gathering of people gossiping etc. in small
groups
mokomók reduce to powder; gold dust
molíng forehead
molmól to keep (sweet etc.) in the mouth to dissolve;
suck thumb or finger
múlta fine (penalty); to fine
mómo infection in the mouth making it difficult for
the person affected to eat; become dull or
blunt (of saw teeth etc.)
múndo world, earth
município municipal hall
múra something cheap
mamúra cheap, inexpensive
mória to give or hand to speaker; take note of
something near at hand
móromóro folk dramas centered around the conflicts
between Christians and non-Christians in the
early years of Christianization; pantomime
músico music
moskitÉro mosquito net
musmús stupid
móyoñg association, club, gang; something held in
common
kamóyoñg a rival in love
74
N
na particle marking attribution: of, by; also
marks objects when latter is not the topic of
the sentence
-y form of na when preceding word
ends in a vowel
naáni later on, after
nágnag slow in working
nána term of address for woman of mother’s
generation
nanám savor, taste appreciatively
mananám savory, tasty
nánay term of address for one’s own mother
nacionál national
nasnás grains of rice which have become separated
from the husk
nátan now, today
nawá have sufficient space, time, etc.
nawnáw dissolve, diminish in volume as sugar, salt,
etc. when exposed to the atmosphere
naynáy often, habitually, always
náyon continue; persist in plan or activity
magnáyon forever, till the very end, lasting
1
nen when, since (past time)
2
nen personal non-topic marker denoting object
of sentence or attribution (of, by)
3
nen than (in comparisons)
nenná pus, matter in wound or sore
neñgnéñg to look at, see
paneñgnéñg to show
nepég utmost expectation; most that could be
gained
manepég adequate
nérs nurse
ni still, yet
nía (it is) here
nilutó cooked rice
níman (be) there, away from speaker and
addressee
nimán then, a while ago
nínang godmother; wedding or confirmation
sponsor etc. (f.)
75
nínong godfather; wedding or confirmation sponsor

(m.)
nióg coconut
nísnís broom, brush
nítan (be) there, near addressee
no if, whether; when, next (future time)
no aróm sometimes
novÉnta ninety (money etc.)
noviÉmbre November
nuÉve nine (time etc.)
nónot intend, think, remember, recall; intention
panagnónot remembrance
kanonotán plan
nótnót manner of chewing of small children or
older persons without teeth
ÑG
ñgabñgáb to widen (of opening of wound, hole, etc.)

1
ñgalñgál crush something hard or brittle with the
teeth; chew
2
ñgalñgál bellowing of carabo or bull
ñgalñgalí almost, nearly
ñgalóñgalóan wrist
ñganák hen (layer)
1
ñgáñga the bigger bananas in a bunch (those in the
upper clusters)
2
ñgáñga open mouth
ñgarán name
ñgárem afternoon
ñgatá talkativeness, to talk a lot
ñgatngát to argue inconclusively
ñgilíb toothless
ñgilín abstinence from work, food, etc. in relation
to religious observances
ñgipén tooth
ñgíras laziness, slackness
mañgíras lazy, indolent
ñgiréyet to show the teeth (e.g. when smiling)
ñgísiw to hiss (man-)
76
1
ñgitñgít annoyance or inconvenience caused by
importunity or quarrel; to show such
annoyance (e.g. by gnashing the teeth in
anger)
2
ñgitñgít little by little
ñgodñgór fall on one’s face
ñgoró top portion of plant or other object
ñgósem be grumpy
mañgósem grumbly, grumpy, muttering
annoyance
ñgosñgós the jumping up and squealing etc. of dogs
greeting their master; noises made by very
young children wanting food or attention
ñgóyñgoy running mucus or saliva
77
O
1
o oh!
2
o or
oáb to yawn (man-)
obák bark or skin of tree, peeling of banana,
rind of orange, etc.; to peel (man-)
ovaló oval
obán greyish hair; to have white hairs (man-)
úbas grapes
obligación obligation
ubí yam
oból sharpened; to sharpen (man-)
1
obóñg nest (of bird); be nesting (on-)
2
obóñg to surround (man-)
ochÉnta eighty (money, street numbers, etc.)
ócho eight (time, money, etc.)
odiém dim, dark (light, weather); become dark
(esp. of clouds or natural light) (on-)
ogágep ambition, hope, purpose; to wish (man-)
ugál lost
ogáli custom; character (of person)
kaogalián tradition
ogáw child; maid, houseboy (pl. ogógaw)
ogés evil
maogés bad (not good)
ogíp sleep; to sleep (on-)
naogíp asleep, sleeping
paogíp to put up for the night
úgma old days, ancient times
úgman real, true, genuine, unaffected
ógoñg to thunder (of any noise) (on-)
ógpos to release, untie
ogtó noon
panañgogtó noon meal, lunch
uhá cry of newborn baby
uká dug, rutted; to dig up (man-)
ukák loose
ocasión occasion, event (esp. social event)
ókbar to untie, release (man-)
ukéd kind, type
okén puppy
ukílkil to persist
78
okók cough; to cough (on-, man-)

okól necessity, obligation
kaokolán that which has to be done
okóm court (of law)
ocupación occupation
ókoy dish made from squash, mongo sprouts,
shrimp, bean cake, etc.
ókra okra
ulá to speak self-deprecatingly (-en)
olágey appearance
olám fire
olaól (of a person) very sensitive, weeping
easily
olát vein
olég snake
olés blanket; to cover with a blanket (man-)
oléy be empowered, responsible (man-)
manóoléy people in power, (present)
authorities
olí to return; become resurrected (on-)
paolí to leave (something) for a while
(-an)
olíolí once more; mention something
repeatedly (-en)
olíbay equality; be equal, similar (man-, mi-)
olilá orphan
ulimék silent
ulípba black
olipét ask
ólit to repeat; again
ólnos young stems of camote, bitter melon,
etc. which are picked and eaten as
vegetables
oló head
pañgúlo be a leader (mangi-); eldest
pañguloán first child
sankapañguloán eldest child
olóp to accompany, go together (man-)
olpó upper leg, thigh
úlcer ulcer (esp. intestinal ulcer)
ultimó last in series
úma village, barrio
omámeñg to scrutinize, stare at, consider (-en)
omán to change, repair, repeat (man-)
79
ombés late maturing variety of rice; be late

omít to eat little
maomít having no appetite
ón yes
oná first; do first (-en)
inmoná (that which was) first
onáan first in order
úna one (o’clock)
unás sugar cane
onát to spread (e.g. spread out a mat),
stretch
úni bird song; to sing (birds only) (man-)
universidád university
unifórmE uniform
úno one (money etc.)
onóñg as, just as, according (to)
1
onór last in sequence; late
2
onór to obey
ónse eleven (time, money, etc.)
ontán like that, in that way; to be the case
(man-)
óntog jolt
oñgét cruel
óñgol roar (of sea, wind, water, a crowd); to
roar (man-)
óong mushroom
opá what (name); who (preemptory)
siopá who; what (name)
siopáman anybody, anyone
opápet question, ask (man-)
opígan a small low table
opisína office
mañgoopisína office workers
ópit advice
opót to consume completely
oprEcÉ to consume completely
oradór orator
orán rain; to rain (on-)
mamaorán rainy season
paorán be caught in the rain
oráñg shrimp
óras hour, time (of the clock)
orás to wash, clean by washing (man-)
80
orasión angelus; be the time the angelus is

recited, i.e. 6 p.m. or sunset (man-)
urbanidád character, conduct
ordÉn tonsure
ordinánza ordinance
oriém lone; become lonely (on-)
oríñg charcoal; to make charcoal (maN-)
órno oven; to bake (man-)
óro reddish brown
órot falling of the hair esp. as a result of
sickness
usár to use, wear (man-)
ósdoñg to bow the head (on-)
úsig to investigate (-en)
osíl to run after (man-)
osísa to ask information (man-)
ósli to stick out (e.g. the tongue) (on-)
úso mode, style
osós dues, forced general contribution,
demand (for money)
ospitál hospital
otá to vomit (on-)
ótang bill, account, debt; to owe (on-)
paótang to lend
oték brain, brains
maoték brainy
otél inside, at the heart or center
otiágew late in the day
otít last
paotít be the last (man-)
óto automobile
ótob to distribute (man-)
otók point of a knife etc.
maotók pointed
1
otót rat, mouse
2
otót pain
ótro stupid
owák crow (bird species)
oy hey! (exclamation to attract attention of
distant person)
uyám sarcastic
81
oyós to draw out something essential from

within an object (as glasses from a case,
or the spirit from the body); to pull out
kaóyos end, termination
óyot to observe keenly, study attentively
(man-)
82
P
pa particle indicating courtesy or respect;
‘please’
padér wall
pádpar to run aground because of adverse wind
or current; shipwreck
pádrE priest; ‘father’ (term of address to priest)
padríno male sponsor at a wedding, baptism, etc.
(term of reference only)
pága anxiety, state of worry
kapagaán worries
mapága worried, distressed
pagás hoarse; to speak hoarsely
pagátin special wedding celebration held at the
house of the bride’s parents after the
wedding (irrespective of where the latter
takes place)
pagátpat plant species of the genus Sonneratia
pagéw breast, chest
pagéy rice plant; unhusked rice
págod to tie an animal with a long rope for
grazing (man-)
1
pagpág to scoop up dirt in the hands (man-)
2
pagpág partially paralyzed
país fish wrapped in banana leaf and cooked in
a kind of rice cake
páit guts, intestines (of animals)
paít bitter tasting
ampaít bitter
pakáw to handle (man-)
pakbét type of vegetable dish
pakiáw to buy up entire stock at bargain price
(maN-)
pákna to release all resources; approve
completely, delight in
pakó edible fern
pakuán watermelon
1
pakpák to beat cotton or cloth with a rod
2
pakpák method of fishing or instrument used to
catch fish
83
1
paksíw to dismantle the stairs or ladder leading
to the upper part (living quarters) of a
traditional type house
2
paksíw a dish consisting of fish cooked with
vinegar, garlic, and spices
páktak to drop, fall (man-)
páktañg to warm (man-)
pakwán = pakuán
1
pála coconut pith
2
pála place for storing pillows and mats
palá then, so, so it is …
palabuáy to favor
palág to flag, be fatigued, tired
palagpág to uproot, blow over (usu. of the wind)
1
palakpák to whiten
2
palakpák applause
palamíre arch, decoration
palánas level, plane, smooth; to level (mañgi-)
palandéy mountain
palánsa iron; to iron (-en)
paláñg to cut or tear cloth or paper diagonally or
in a curve
1
palápa midrib of coconut leaf
2
palápa level plot prepared as seed bed
pálapála temporary shed prepared for a special
occasion, esp. wedding reception
pálar lines on palm of hand; luck, fortune; be
affected by fortune (-an)
mapálar lucky, fortunate
pomapálar fortune teller
palás drum beat
1
paláspas to clear up the way, remove obstructions
from road or path
2
paláspas equally divided, of same weight, volume,
etc.
palásyo palace
paláy wedge made of wood or bamboo
paláyaw caress; pet name, affectionate nickname
palbáñgon dawn; to go at dawn (maN-)
palduá to split into two, to halve (on-)
kapalduá half
84
paleén to give time to take effect; observe

whether or not medicine treatment etc. is
effective; let settle; to drain (-an)
palés to change clothing (man-)
palét thickness of liquids; to thicken (on-)
mapalét thick (liquid)
páli spleen
palíkpik fins or dorsal spines of fish
palimá to give way (mañgi-)
palín to scrape vegetables clean, scale fish, etc.
(man-)
palíñg to turn (man-)
palís to burn weeds in a seedbed or other piece
of land
palít to buy clothes, have new clothes (man-)
palná (of air) to move steadily and calmly; to
speak fluently and pleasantly
mapalná steady, calm (movement of air);
pleasant (speech)
paloáran marriage rite involving the drinking of
wine by the bride and groom after the
church ceremony; the bride’s family
provides the wine for the groom, and vice
versa
palóñg the comb of a rooster
pálot to pull out
pálpal to drive a wooden stake into the ground
palsá see lesá
pálso false, untrue
paltík (usu. home made) gun
paltóg sound of or like gunfire; to shoot (maN-);
to go shooting, hunt (man-)
palyá bitter melon
família (usu. immediate) family
pamínta pepper (seasoning)
pan ---
pan de sal bread bun usu. eaten at breakfast
pan de leche bread from or in loaf
paná arrow; to shoot an arrow (maN-)
panatéñg cold (illness)
apanatéñg having a cold
pánday skilled craftsman, smith
pomapánday blacksmith
pándoñg mantilla, veil
85
panés piece of black cloth pinned on clothing of

relatives of deceased, worn as a sign of
mourning for one year, until the bakás; to
wear such a piece of cloth (man-)
panígo first sale of the day
panikí bat
panís broom; to sweep (man-)
pánit to skin (e.g. a frog) (man-); (act of)
skinning
panó to fill to overflowing (on-)
napnó full
pánon how
pánpia trust, confidence
pansít dish consisting of noodles to which
chopped meat and vegetables have been
added
pantalón pants, trousers; to wear pants (man-)
pantát variety of mudfish much used for food
pántion tomb
pantók summit, top
pántol a large tree, the fruit of which is similar in
appearance to a large apricot when ripe,
but with somewhat sour tasting flesh and
large white-coated seeds
pányo handkerchief
pañgá piece of land protruding into another
person’s holding
pañgál molar (tooth)
pañgándo middle finger
pañgánsi ring finger
pañgát to cook fish in vinegar with garlic
pañgét to clutch
1
pañgpáñg to extract a tooth
2
pañgpáñg river bank, riverside, seaside
paó Indian mango (rounded and somewhat
smaller than native varieties)
paolián to allow one to do whatever he pleases,
abandon, leave
paúna advance
paór to arrange the leaves of the nipa palm
into panels for thatching
pinaór nipa thatch
86
1
pápa pope
2
pápa appeasement; to appease, calm down
papá (of a roof) gently sloping
papás to escape the memory, erase
papÉl paper
1
pára for (the benefit of)
2
pára like, the same; be the same (man-)
kapára (one who is) alike, the same
párapára matching
pará to prepare (food etc.) (man-)
paráda parade; to parade (man-)
páraw traditional type of sailboat
parÉjo the same, side by side; be the same (man-)
kaparÉja (f.), partner
kaparÉjo (m.)
parÉs pairs of sponsors at wedding, baptism,
etc. Each pair is composed of a man and a
woman, who thereby attain the
relationship of compadre and comadre
respectively to the parents of the child or
couple involved.
pári priest (term of reference only)
paroñgtál to appear (on-)
pásak nail; to nail (man-)
pasál to teach to perform a task (mañgi-); to
practice, rehearse (man-)
inpanpasál exercise
pasamáno handshake; to shake hands
pasáñg haughtiness; proud
pásas raisins
pásen place, location
pasiár to go around (from house to house, etc.)
(man-); to take around (i-)
pásig jar (for storing food etc.)
pasílio aisle
pasión gospel account of the passion of Jesus
Christ; to chant the text of the Passion
(man-)
paskó Christmas; Easter
pamaskoán something (usu. food) with which
to celebrate Christmas
87
ágew na Christmas Day

Paskó
Domíngo de Easter Sunday
Pásko
páslek to appoint, commission, establish
pasnók anger; get angry (man-)
1
pasó cylindrical earthen jar
2
pasó passing, departing
pások cautery; to cauterize
pásol field; uneven ground
kapásolán rice-fields
pasolán handle of an axe or hoe
pasóot force; act violently (man-)
1
paspás to lose color, become pale (animals or
people)
2
paspás to strike down fruit from tree with a stick
1
páta to crush
2
páta to drop down from above
3
páta a tree the wood of which is light and good
for fashioning
paták to drip
sankapaták a single drop
patánir to depart, take one’s leave (man-)
1
patáñg frog
2
patáñg to consult
patátas potatoes
patáw buoy; to float or drift on the surface of a
liquid
patáy to put ash or earth on fish so they will not
be slippery (i.e. so they can be held firmly
when cleaning etc.); to clean intestines
thoroughly
pateñgél to be close to (on-)
patéy to die (on-); to kill (-en); to butcher
(maN-); death
páti (of rice being cooked) to boil over (man-)
patí even, including, together with
pátiañg toilet, outhouse
pátiañgán toilet bowl
pátir to trip someone up
88
patít a trap for rats (also: snare for birds or

chickens)
pátnag to distinguish clearly, recognize (-an);
appear clearly (on-)
páto European duck
patók knock; to knock (man-)
pátoñg an extra piece or amount added to
something bought (as a bonus); small
increase in price
patótot harlot, prostitute
pátpat soft inner portion of bamboo
patrón patron (esp. patron saint of town etc. or
wealthy or influential benefactor)
pawáy to come or go out, emerge (on-)
papawayán exit
pawíl to return, come back (on-); to return
something (mañgi-)
pawít order (for goods); to order (man-)
páwpaw uppermost portion of cooked rice
payábol to beg (man-); to give alms (-an)
pomapayábol professional beggar
payág to shake cloth, mat, etc. to remove dust
payák wing
payáwar to visit (on-)
payí sandpiper
páyoñg umbrella; to use an umbrella (man-)
payótE afraid, cowardly; be a coward (on-)
paypáy fan; to fan (man-)
fEcha date (of the month etc.)
pEcháy vegetable like silver beet
pegá thirst
napgá thirsty
pegléy middle; be at the middle (on-); serve as
mediator or catalyst (maN-)
kapegleyán middling, of medium importance,
etc.
pegpég to cut (man-)
pekét to hold, stick together, to pin together
(on-)
pelág to fall (on-); deposit (e.g. money in the
bank) (man-); to drop, cast down (mañgi-);
to fill (i-)
89
1
pelés a point of time within that occupied by an
action or activity (translatable by ‘while’
or ‘during’ in most cases)
kaplesán high point, peak of event, career,
etc.
2
pelés force, strength
maplés fast, strong, heavy (of rain),
forceful
pelnák (of the sun) to rise (on-)
penér fish trap
pénpen file; to file (man-)
pEpíno cucumber
péra to do something to one’s heart’s content
(man-)
pErdóna to pardon (man-)
peréñg blindfold
pEriódico magazine, newspaper
perpér to fill a given measure without inflating
the contents; give full measure
pesák to wash (clothes etc.) (man-)
inpesák laundry
pomepesák washerwoman
pesél to have one’s fill (man-)
naksél, is/was, will be satisfied with food
napesél
pespés to squeeze (man-)
petáñg to warm (man-); warmth, heat
ampetáñg warm, hot
petég certain, certainly, truly, for sure
peték something straight; fair price
makték, straight
mapték
petepét to occur often (on-)
mapetepét always, often
petpét to hold in the palm of the hand
petrólio kerosene, liquid fuel
peyéñg to shake the head to indicate
disagreement or negative response
piá confidence, trust; to have confidence in,
trust (maN-)
napanpiaán trustworthy, honest
pián so that
fiánza bail, bond
90
piáñg brass cymbals

pidáso ‘piece’—unit for selling certain
commodities, including dried guláman
pidpíd a basket for growing seedlings
fiÉsta feast, celebration; to have a fiesta (man-)
pigá how much?
pigára how many? so many
amínpigá how many times?
kumapigá which in order
sampíga how much each?
pigár inverted, inside out, turned over; to invert
(man-)
píka spear
pikít plaster; sticky
píkpik affectionate pat (e.g. when patting a baby)
píla to agree (on-)
pilák silver, money (esp. silver coins)
pilálek interest; become interesting (on-)
mapilálek interesting
pilápil dike, levee (esp. small earth wall
separating rice fields etc. to control
amount of water retained in field)
pilát to tear up, rip into pieces
pilí to choose (man-)
manamíli elector
pilík to wag (dog) or thresh (fish) the tail
pílit to be obliged, have obligations (on-); to
force (maN-)
pílko to bend, fold over (man-)
pínat to stretch
pinkít ‘slanting’ eyes characteristic of Mongolian
peoples
píno smooth, very fine
1
pínsan —
mamínsan next time, another time
maminpínsan, once only
amínsan
2
pínsan cousin
pinsíw to show respect to a relative of an
ascending generation by touching his or
her fingers to one’s forehead (in Filipino
English this is known as ‘kissing’ the hand
of the person concerned) (man-)
91
pínta to paint (man-)

pintás to observe a person’s physiognomy in
order to deduce his qualities, fortune, etc.
pínto door, gateway
pínya pineapple
piñgól person having only one external ear (usu.
through congenital defect)
pipí to squeeze to extract juice (man-)
piráwat aim, ambition, wish, hope
pirípirí uneasy
pisá to soak or wet thoroughly (man-)
piság to split open (e.g. a fruit), break into two
pieces, divide into two (man-)
1
pisák lowland
2
pisák become tired from working too much
pisákpisák noise of water flowing around an obstacle
esp. feet or legs of people wading
pisáñg to cut, divide (maN-)
pisél to press (e.g. a doorbell) (man-)
pisí a bamboo container holding one ganta
pisíñg vegetables (cooked or for cooking)
ipipísiñg cooked vegetables
pisít to break, shatter
naksít, is/was, will be broken
napisít
píso peso; one peso note
písta = fiÉsta, q.v.
pitáka small purse, wallet
piték mud; become muddy (on-)
mapiték full of mud, very muddy
pitó seven
komapitó seventh in order
labinpitó seventeen
mikapitó seventh
sanpipitó seven each
pitómplo seventy
pitpít to crush, smash to pieces (man-); hammer
metal flat
piyók to grease
pláncha see palánsa
plangána basin for washing clothes etc.
92
plaza large open space for recreation, meetings,

etc. usu. in front of Catholic church and
municipal buildings
pláto plate, dinner plate
platíto small plate
plÉtE fare; to have (money for) fare (man-)
podÉr present administration
poég knee
puÉra go away! depart! (usu. to ward off malign
influences)
puÉrta gate, door
puÉsto position, status
pugá to hurry someone up (man-)
pógo quail
pogó islet
pogón oven (but not including electrically
powered ovens)
pogót negrito, black person
poká to disturb another’s sleep, prevent
someone from sleeping (man-)
pokél bone
pokók to confine, as fish in a pond or container
pokókan fishpond
pokól maimed, having lost a limb
1
pokpók to shake off dust (man-)
2
pokpók to detain someone who wants to leave
polá reddish colored soil or pottery; also the
reddish colored fat of crabs, or similar
colored skin of ripening fruits
polaíñg strategy, program
polák to erase, obliterate; apply too much
powder to the face
poláw to change one’s opinion (man-)
púlvo powder, fine dust
polét bottle cap; to cap a bottle (man-)
pulgáda inch
polí ancestry, pedigree, family tree; race of
people; inherited characteristics
polís policeman
polisáy to erase from the mind, cast away
policía police, police department
poló ten (appears only with affixes)
amínpólo many times
93
ikasámplo tenth in order

limámplo fifty
sampló ten
sasamplóra ten only
pólo island
kapolóan archipelago
polók district
1
póloñg to deliver a sermon (man-)
2
póloñg main street of town
polótan half cooked or uncooked intestines of
animals eaten as an accompaniment for
wine (not taken with rice)
pulsÉras bangle, bracelet; to wear a bracelet
(man-)
1
polyán to watch, observe
2
polyán to abandon, leave
ponás to wipe (man-); sponge bath
kolaáy place where towels are kept
punasán
fundación foundation (of building etc.)
póni (act of) setting the table; to set the table
(man-)
pónit to cover or close off small holes or
openings (man-)
poníti to box (man-)
púno head of a social group
ponpón funeral; to bury the dead (man-)
ponsiá social gathering
pónti, pontí banana
púnto provincial accent
poñgét node
póñggos to wrap with paper, cloth, or leaf (man-)
poñgól termite hill (mound of earth built up by
termites)
poól bonfire, blaze; to set ablaze (man-)
poón offering (esp. religious); to lead the
prayers when making an offering or on a
special occasion (mañgi-)
poonán capital, original investment; to have
capital for investment (man-)
nipoonán an amount sufficient only to equal
the capital invested
94
póot rebuke; feel contrite

1
pópo cut down trees
2
pópo gold or silver dust or fragments
popót dried rind or peel
púrak erase, obliterate; totally gone
pórek to insist
púri honor, fame
púro pure, ‘one hundred percent’
poróñgo wide-mouthed bottle, glass jar
pusá cat
pusít squid
póslit smuggling; obtain without permission;
escape
póso heart
sinampúso heart shaped
posó heart of a banana fruit
pusóñg to flirt (man-)
pospós end, finish, termination
pústa bet, wager; to bet (on-)
1
puták the frisking of fishes in water; bubbling of
liquids
2
puták tender young leaves of cashew tree
potér to cut with any sharp instrument (maN-,
man-)
putí fairness, beauty
amputí white, fair, light colored
potík to decorate cloth etc. with braided
threads
potiókan bee
póto cake made from rice flour
potók (of fish) splashing about in the water
potót to cut with a knife (man-)
potpót to fall (on-)
púyat be sleepless (man-)
puyók to rub gently
prÉsidÉntE president; be president (man-)
prÉcio price
privádo private
primaría primary, elementary (school, grade, etc.)
primÉra (f.), first
primÉro (m.)
princÉsa princess
95
prínsipi prince
prisínta to present oneself (man-)
fríto to fry (man-)
prodúctos agricultural produce, products
prográma program, concert
promEtÉ promise, wish, favor sought; to ask a favor
(esp. from God) (man-)
prosEsión (usu. religious) procession
prútas fruit
ProtEstántE Protestant; be a member of a Protestant
church (man-)
Protantísmo Protestantism
96
R
ra see da
rádio radio
razón reason, logical argument, cause; to reason out
(man-)
rEbÉldE rebel; to rebel (man-)
rEvolúcion revolution; to revolt (man-)
rEgálo present
rElación relationship
rEllÉno dish featuring stuffed chicken or fish
/rElyÉno/
rEmÉdio remedy, cure; to remedy (man-)
rEfinádo refined (esp. refined sugar)
rEpóllo cabbage
/rEpólyo/
rEstáuran restaurant
rEtráto photo, picture; to photograph (manpa-)
rÉyna queen (esp. queen presiding over fiesta etc.); to
be queen (man-)
ribál rival
karibál (one) rival (in relation to another); to be
rivals (man-)
ruída cockpit (where roosters fight); ferris wheel
rosário rosary; recite the rosary (man-)
rósas flower, blossom
97
S
sabá a variety of cooking banana with large
squarish fruits
sábado Saturday
sabáñg mouth of a river
sábat to intercept, meet on the way (man-)
sabáy to perspire profusely
sabí to arrive (on-); to bring back (mañgi-)
1
sabít thorn, spine, fish bone
2
sabít to hang clothes etc. on a peg (man-, i-)
sabláy beating; to beat (man-)
sáblE saber
sabó the overflow from boiling liquid
sabóg Italian millet
saból fountain, spring (of water)
sabón soap
sabóñg immature fruit
sabóy to unravel (-en)
sábsab (of pigs) to eat, (of people) to eat like a
pig, slurping food with smacking lips
(man-)
sadsád to run aground (on-)
sáew to miss, be absent (on-)
sagána to make preparations for entertaining
(man-)
sagáp to catch fish with a net or cloth placed
under water
sagár harrow; to plow the ground finely with
aid of carabao
sagáysay comb
saginónor continuous; be continuous (on-)
saglawí to mention, confide
1
sagó a fine comb
2
sagó a herbaceous plant the roots of which
are cooked and eaten
1
sagór hook; to hitch, hook (i-)
2
sagór west
ságot to intrude, meddle
ságotságot to annoy (man-)
sagrádo holy, blessed, sacred
sagság to puncture (man-)
98
ságwat accomplice, partner in an undertaking

saíñg to join two objects end to end
saís six
saísenta sixty
1
saít discuss something among several
persons (man-)
2
saít to sharpen on a stone etc., whet
1
saká to strain starch etc. through cloth
2
saká (to a cat) scat!
sakál copy, transcribe
sakát to wade in mud, water, etc.
sakáy to navigate (man-)
sakayán ship, vessel
sakbát to carry on the shoulder (man-)
sakbáy be early, go early
masakbáy early
kasakbáy before
1
sakém to clasp (man-)
2
sakém = sákop, q.v.
sakéy one
ikalabinsakéy eleventh
komalabinsakéy eleventh in order
labínsakéy eleven
maminlabínsakéy eleven times
sakéysakéy one by one
saksakéy only one
sansasakéy one each
sakít ache, disease, pain, sickness, hurt;
become painful (on-); to hurt (-an)
sakkét
ansakkét sticky rice, an especially
glutinous variety of rice used
especially in rice cakes etc.
1
sakláñg to dine, serve food in a gathering, set
the table for a guest, offer guest food
(man-)
2
sakláñg to ride a horse astride
sakláy to carry a child astride one’s neck, or
in a hammock
saklór horn of animal
sakmál to dissemble
99
sáko bag, sack

sakób cover, lid; to cover (-an)
sákop territory, jurisdiction; to absorb,
acquire (-en)
asákop known, understood, within
one’s comprehension
saksák to stab with any pointed object
1
sála defect; difficulty in selling
merchandise because of reluctant
buyers; to miss a target, to be faulty
(esp. of speech), be denied or
unrealized (wish, petition, etc.) (on-)
2
sála living room
1
salá put smaller pieces of bamboo or other
kinds of paling to fill up gaps between
main posts in a fence
2
salá dirt at the edge of toilet bowl
salabát to interrupt someone’s speech
saláda salad
saláksak a bird with red breast and green
feathers, sometimes considered a bird
of ill omen
salámat thanks; to thank (man-)
salambáw a specially constructed large fishing
net
salañgát to answer; interrupt, intrude into, or
join a conversation
salañgsáñg an object made of glass or other easily
shattered material
saláp the entire leg
salapí fifty centavos, fifty centavo piece
salapsáp to carve or split off pieces of wood
with a knife
salása crossbeam supporting the floor
salát to change one thing for another (i-); to
change clothes (man-)
onsalát next
saláy failure; to miss the mark (on-)
saláysay to examine, investigate (man-)
salét to put between
salétsalét to intersperse
salgér to slit (man-)
sáli to attempt, try something (man-)
100
salián na sapátos shoe horn

salí foot, leg
salígsig split bamboo or timber
salíksik roughness of timber, unplaned surface
salín occupy one’s place against another’s
will
saliñgsíñg to prune the new shoots from a tree
salípotpót enough; to be enough, completed to
one’s satisfaction (on-)
salíta language, dialect, word, utterance; to
talk, speak (man-)
pananalíta way of speaking
sásalítaen topic, subject
salíw to buy (maN-)
sálmar be gloomy (man-), become gloomy
(on-)
salmíng glass, mirror, crystal; to see oneself in
a mirror (man-)
1
saló term of address used by a superior to
an inferior
2
saló then, it seems
salóbay to mend (man-)
salóg to water (plants etc.) (man-)
salók to loop the loop
salokśók to skewer meat; insert stick etc. into
chink or crack
salomági tamarind (tree or fruit)
salónson to pile in line (man-)
salóñg team going somewhere to play; to go
to another place for any definite
purpose
salóñgsoñg resistance (by one group of another)
salóp a ganta (three liters dry measure)
sálot pestilence, epidemic
salsál feel the depth of water with the feet,
test one’s opinion
samák partner in a business venture
kasamák tenant
samál poison; to poison (man-)
sáman that (yonder or distant from
interlocutors) (pl. saráman) those
samár call in for, drop in for a while (on-)
sámat meandering of a river
101
sámay the (remote from interlocutors) (pl.

sarámay)
sambá oath, pledge, curse; to take an oath
(man-); condemn, curse (-an)
sambót to be on time, take advantage of an
opportunity to do something (man-)
samít sweetness; become sweet (on-)
masamít sweet, palatable, agreeable;
sugar
samuét occasionally but regularly
samót wanderer, poor man who eats from
house to house
sampló see poló
1
sampót pole
2
sampót end; to end (man-)
kasampotán the end (e.g. of a story)
samsám to seize, appropriate another’s
property, snatch from another’s hands
(man-); to abduct (maN-)
sananéy different, another; be varied (man-)
sanantónio brown
sanáy expert, skilled; practice, exercise
sanáysay proverb, saying
sanéb ambush; discreet
sanén on (past time), last (in reference to day
of week etc.)
saníb screen or similar contrivance for
blocking light or wind
sanó when, on (future time)
santíñg pleasing aspect
masantíñg nice, pleasant
sánto saint; be holy
asantoán a Christian name
ngarán
santós —
masantós blessed, good (in sense of ‘good
afternoon’ etc.)
sáñga carpenter’s square
sañgá branch of tree, stalk of plant, stem; to
grow branches (on-)
sañgál to weave two twines, cords, etc.
together
102
sañgát to ascend steps or any slight elevation

(on-)
sañggá to parry a blow
sañgí mouth
sañgkáp dust pan
sañgláy Chinese
sañgpót end, conclusion (= 2sampót)
sañgsáñg to discuss something, debate, argue
(man-)
1
sapá ‘may it be so’
2
sapá person fond of bargaining
sapák well adjusted, opportune
sapál to sleep embracing a pillow, rolled-up
blanket, etc. (man-)
sapáñg tree used in dyeing and staining; dye
sapár hand of bananas; cut a bunch of
bananas
sapát place something on top of table, roof,
etc. (on-); to mount a horse
sapat sapát to mount (-en)
sapatá promise, pledge
sapátos shoes
sapí kind of paper kite
sápin saddle cloth
sapín shoes
sápit to drain, filter, sift
sapnót not slippery, slightly sticky (of a
surface)
sápo to free someone from danger or
responsibility
sapók atom; fine dust carried by the wind
sapól to include
1
sapót to complete, add to, make or be
sufficient
2
sapót spiderweb
1
sapsáp kind of edible fish with flat circular
body
2
sapsáp to chip off, rasp; splinter, chip
produced by rasping or adzing wood
sára to fill
sará to close (door etc.)
103
sarábo to distribute gifts to relatives etc. after

one has returned from a journey
pasarábo gift given in such
circumstances
sarág within (one’s) means
masarág able to do, having necessary
resources
sárañg to air clothing
saráñg to take a walk (on-)
sarí breaking through
sasá ‘puss, puss!’ (expression used when
calling a cat)
sasamék to mix (man-)
sátan that (near speaker) (pl. sarátan those)
satsát to unstitch (man-)
sawá cloyed, tired of; become tired of,
boring (on-)
makapakasawá dull, boring
sawáli flattened bamboo made into mat-like
panels serving as walling for
traditional-type houses
sawsáw to dip in liquid (general term); dunk
sawsawán sauce
say the (pl. sáray)
sáya this (pl. saráya these)
sayá gaiety
masayá lively, happy, full of gaiety
sayaksák be happy, in good humor
masayaksák happy, contented, in festive
mood
sáyañg too bad; it’s a pity
sayáp earthen pot used in cooking fish or
vegetables
sayár to scrape bottom, run aground, drag;
to become tired from heavy work, etc.
sayáw to dance (on-)
sayorsór kind of small fishing net
saysáy crack, fissure
sebég to quarrel
sebél to prohibit (i-), impede (-an);
prohibited
sébo rendered or dry fat, tallow
sedsér compact; to compress
segáñg be acute
104
masegáñg acute, severe

segép to ascend, climb, go upstairs (on-)
sEgúndo second (congressional district, etc.)
sEgúro be sure, surely
sEgurádo certainly, surely
sEis see saís
secá to dig (man-)
sékder pillar
sEcrEtário secretary
seksék filled, packed tight, stuffed; to stuff
fish etc. (man-)
sElEbrár to celebrate (man-)
selék (of the sun) to set (on-)
sélnak to come out, sprout (on-)
seloñgét to get dark (man-)
cEmEnto cement, concrete
sempét to go home, arrive (on-)
sEnádo senate
sEnadór senator
sÉntimos centavo
señgáw exudation, fume, vapor; to evaporate
(on-)
señgég root, principal part; rooted stem (of
plant)
señgegán cause
niseñgég ed because of, pertaining to
sanseñgég entire plant or tree
sepák to strike with the hand in a quarrel
etc.
sEpíllo /sEpílyo/ brush
sepsép to absorb, sip, suck
cErvÉza beer
serét to squeeze (as in squeezing a pimple)
(man-)
sérnak to shine (man-)
sersér = sedsér, q.v.
pasersér to firm the soil (man-)
sése dulling of edge of blade
sEsÉnta = saisÉnta, q.v.
sEtÉnta seventy (money etc.)
105
si marker preceding personal nouns

when the latter are subjects of a
sentence, in apposition, etc.; also
functions as a personal article before
such nouns
di non-singular or respect form of
si and 2nen
siák see ak
siám nine
komasiám ninth
labinsiám nineteen
mikasiám ninth
siamáplo ninety
siamirá nine (individual items)
tigsisiám nine each
sián to part, be separated (man-
(intentionally), on-)
siánsia still, even so, in the same state
sibá inordinate appetite, gluttony, voracity;
to eat a lot, become voracious (on-)
masibá voracious
síbar (of fish and other aquatic animals) to
eat, devour
sibég to go near (on-); to sympathize with,
console (i-)
siblét selfish
síbo = sÉbo, q.v.
sibó to throw water, earth, grain, etc.
(man-)
sibók to blow (-an)
sibóg cruelty
masibóg brave, cruel
sibúyas onion
sibwág to scatter (as seed), disperse
siÉtE seven (money, time, etc.)
sigarílyo cigarette; to smoke (man-)
1
sígay cowrie shell
2sígay to fish with a net (maN-)
sígi expression equivalent to ‘O.K.’, ‘go
ahead!’, ‘all right’
siglát speed, promptness; become speedy,
prompt, etc. (on-)
masiglát speedy, prompt
106
sígpot orphaned, having lost both parents

sigpót to conclude what one is saying or
doing
sigsíg to chop something into small pieces
siím to watch closely in secret for (man-)
siít arrow head, thorn, spine on fish, etc.
siká see ka
síkal movement within stomach; movement
of child in the womb; first stage of
labor
sikamí see mi
sikáñg to stretch to the limit, take a very wide
stride
sikáp cunning; to spy on (man-)
sikár walk with protruding abdomen
sikará see da
1
síkat brilliance, glitter, splendor
2
síkat brush-like instrument for polishing
floors etc. made from halved coconut
husk
sikatá see 1
ta
sikatayó see tayó
sikató see to
sikayó see yo
sikén old
masikén grown up; old man
síki difference of opinion
síkil to elbow; to spur a horse
sikmát sudden disappearance; to disappear
sikó elbow
síkot stealth
siksík scales of fish, snakes, etc.; to scale a
fish (man-)
sikwát to lasso an animal; snatch
siláb to burn leaves, papers, etc. (man-)
silág buri palm
siléw artificial light; to light the way etc.
(man-)
síli chili pepper
sílib wisdom, wiles
masílib wise, astute
silíp to peep (man-)
silír storeroom, storage
107
síloñg under, underneath, space under house,

ground floor; to put under (i-)
1
silót creased
2
silót lasso
símba Sunday, week
simbaán church
simbálo to amend (on-)
simoón entire, without omission or defect
masimoón complete, whole; devoted
simót to gather food particles left on one’s
plate by scraping plate with finger and
eat every morsel; person having barely
enough to eat
símplE simple, uncomplicated
símsim to try, taste
sínag sunbeam, moonbeam, glow; (of light)
to beam, (of the sun) to rise (on-)
masnág bright, brilliant (of light, stars,
etc.)
sinagém pity, sympathize with; compassion
masinagém sympathetic
makapasinagém cause of grief
cínE, síni movie theatre, cinema
sinít start burning, ignite, kindle (-en)
sinílas = chinÉlas, q.v.
cínco see síñgko
cincuÉnta see síñgko
sinóp orderliness, tidiness; to keep neatly,
collect in one place
sinsílyo coins, small change
sínta hitch an animal
siñgá like, as, as if, similar to
siñgbát debate, discuss
síñger to encircle (man-)
siñgér to tie (mañgi-)
siñggér contracted form of asiñggér, q.v.
siñgíl to collect a debt (on-)
siñgín twin
siñgít notch at upper end of pillars or posts
siñgkát to catch with both hands (as in
catching chickens)
síñgko five (dates, time, money, etc.)
108
cincuÉnta, fifty (money etc.)

siñgkuÉnta
siñgléw care, heed, feel inclined
siñgsíñg ring (for finger)
sióktoñg dark colored alcoholic drink
siopá see opá
1
sípa game played by kicking a rattan ball;
the ball used in this game; to play sípa
(man-)
2
sípa to go off the road, deviate
sipáksipák dashing of waves against the shore; to
slosh water on the floor etc.
sipán order, contract, promise
sipát to aim at something thrown up or
flying in the air
1
sipí small living quarters etc. annexed to
main house
2
sipí to break twigs or branches off a tree
with the hand
sipíñg twin
sípit pincers, tongs; also: pincers of crab
sípol crane (bird)
sipól to suspend a cord or chain between
two objects
sípor since; to have been so from the very
beginning
1
sipót to depart (on-)
pasipót to present something (i-)
2
sipót to remove sticky food from plate or
container with the fingers
sipsíp to pluck off feathers, cut grass close to
ground; close shaven
síra to be cracked, split (of objects);
wounded
sirá fish, food, viand; to eat meat or fish
(man-)
sírin surely, then
sírit urine; to urinate (maN-)
sirkós circus
siróm shed, shelter from the sun, shade,
shadow
siroñgét to be dark, to fall (of night) (man-)
sísia belief; to believe (maN-)
109
sisít —
ansisít dwarf
sistÉma system; course of events
sítmat —
nagkasikasítmat of (many) different kinds
sitsaró ‘Chinese pea’—a legume eaten like
green beans
sitsít drain the rice water; rice broth
siwál tossing and turning in one’s sleep,
moving much while asleep
siwáñg crack, space between
siwsíw chick
so particle marking topic of equational
sentence and subject of verbal
sentence usu. when these are ‘general’
and non-personal in character
y- form of so when preceding
word ends in a vowel
suág to relieve another of his work so he
can rest
suál pole or stake with iron point used for
digging
suát reproach someone for having lied,
after falsehood is discovered
1
súba to bet without having the money to pay
in the case of loss
2
súba to go upstream, against the current
subég quarrel, argument
subláy to take turns, do in turn (on-)
sobó to put something in an opening (e.g.
food in the mouth, the hand into a
hole, etc.)
sóbok to test, try, prove for oneself
soból flowing stream, waterfall
1
subsúb snout; (of pigs) to root with the snout;
fall on one’s face
2
subsúb carpenter’s plane; to plane wood
sodsór = sorsór, q.v.
suÉlo floor
suÉrtE fortunate, lucky
sugá prong, spike, to place spikes on the
way (to deter intruders etc.)
sogál game of chance, gambling
110
sugát cut, hurt, wound; to hurt (man-)

asugát hurt
sugbá to venture forth into dangerous
position; endanger (i-)
sugígi tooth brush
sogsóg induce one to decide, suggest
sokáb grains that get between bottom of pot
and banana leaf lining; to put between
(e.g. insert something among the
pages of a book)
sókal to do something for the first time, esp.
eat rice of the first harvest, fish of the
first catch, use or wear something for
first time
súkat area, size; to measure, fit (mañgi-)
súkay to investigate, search (man-)
sokék innermost part, bottom
súki regular and favored customer; vendor
or merchant whom one patronizes
regularly
sukít to plant or sow seeds (mañgi-)
sokláy to turn something upside down or vice
versa
súko to surrender (on-); to corner
sokób —
sansinokobán universe
1
sokóñg corner
2
sokóñg turban
sokótsokót a sickness characterized by the
eruption of small blisters all over the
body
1
soksók bribe; to bribe (maN-)
2
soksók to sheathe bolo or knife
solá the first fruit or offspring
solámbi coquette
solár small piece of land
súlat letter; to write (man-)
kasulatán things one likes to write;
persons one likes to write to
soldóñg join, connect, add, enlarge (man-)
solíab to repair, esp. repair or replace
damaged nipa thatch
111
solíñg perplexed
solíñgsolíñg go confused, have difficulty in
determining one’s whereabouts
solicitúd application forms; to apply (e.g. for a
license) (man-)
sulít cruelty, perversity, tyranny
súlmiñg begin, start (on-)
solók excess; to exceed (on-)
masolók more than sufficient, more
sóloñg to go ahead, put into effect (on-)
solóñg to wear (mañgi-); put on clothing etc.
(i-)
1
solót to thrust (man-)
2
solót to wear clothes (man-)
súlsul first stage of husking rice
súman delicacy made from sticky rice, sugar
and coconut milk and cooked wrapped
in banana leaf
somário summary
sumbát to exchange one thing for another,
barter, return a favor
súmbra withhold, keep from, hold back (i-)
sombrÉro hat
sumpá amulet, antidote; oppose, resist
sompál to finish, accomplish (on-)
sondálo soldier
sóno reserve, keep preserved; substitute,
succeeding
onsóno next
soñgáw evaporation by exposure; vapor rising
from ground after rain
sóñggo = chóñggo, q.v.
soñgó spike-like projection from head of
shrimp
soñgót mouth; upper lip
soñgpá to be opposed or resistant to (on-)
managsóñgpa member of the opposition party
súñgpál to complete an undertaking, fulfill a
promise, bring to a close (maN-)
soñgsóñg to contradict; to go against wind,
current or tide
soób to fumigate (man-)
sópas soup
112
supErvísor supervisor (esp. school supervisor)

sopíl to catch the attention; pull one’s leg
súpot bag, sack
sopót strainer
sopsóp to suck, take repeated big sips (maN-)
sorbÉtEs ice cream
súri quality or fineness of gold, carat; test,
value, virtue
sorsór carpenter’s plane; to plane (man-)
sos! expression of disgust, impatience,
annoyance, etc. [contraction of Jesus]
sosó breast; to drink from the breast, to
milk (on-)
pasosó to give the breast (man-)
suspÉtsa to suspect (man-)
sústo definite, correct, right, fit, complete; to
fit together, complete (mañgi-)
sutíl to tease, joke at someone’s expense
(man-)
1
sótsot hiss, signal a person to stop or desist
from talking by hissing
2
sótsot disembowel
soyát lazy, indolent, sluggish; become lazy
(on-)
sóysoy find what had been lost
soysóy frayed condition of sleeves or collar,
unhemmed pieces of cloth, etc.
113
T
1
ta we two (topic pronoun) (includes only
speaker and single addressee)
itá form of ta (topic) when
preceding word ends in a
consonant
sikatá we two, us two (independent
pronoun)
tá (also:) by us two, of us two
(attributive pronoun); by me
(when preceding word is ka or
kayó)
talá let’s go
2
ta because
3
ta particle marking interrogative
sentences
tabá fat, grease or oil for cooking; fatness,
health; become fat (on-)
matabá fat, stout, healthy
tabák a large and long variety of bolo
(machete)
tabáco tobacco
tabáñg tasteless
matabáñg (of water) potable
tábas cut (of dress etc.)‚ style
tabék sustain serious wounds or injury
tabiáyoñg a white variety of squash
tabíl to be talkative
matabíl garrulous
1
tábla plank, wood, wooden floor
2
tábla draw, tie (in a game)
taból juice
matabotaból juicy
tabón to cover (-an); bury (mañgi-)
taboríti chair
tabóy to cast out, expel (on-)
tadtár to chop up (-en)
taép to winnow (man-)
taéw middle of river; ocean, deep sea
1
tagá from (a place or point of origin)
2
tagá type of fishhook
114
taganó sustenance
tagéy above, top, summit
atagéy high, tall; to get higher (on-)
paatagéy to go up; raise (price etc.)
(man-)
kaatagéy height, altitude
tagíbi to care for a baby
tagláñg rib‚ frame
tagleéy loud cry (esp. of grief), wail
tágnaw to frighten
tágpas to cut down, mow (man-)
tágpi patch; to patch (man-)
taí excrement; to defecate (maN-)
tákal to measure (man-)
takátak to scatter messily, make a mess (man-)
takáyan stairway, staircase
takbá to fall forward (on-)
tákbono to arrive at a party or reception (on-)
takél forest, woods
takér rope; to tie with rope (-an)
takéw to steal (man-)
takiás to escape, go away (on-)
takíling to peep (man-)
takkén‚ tatkén to grow old (on-)
matakkén adult
takláy arm; sleeve of a dress
táklab covering
takúbuno to witness (mi-)
takót fear; to frighten (-en)
antakót shy, timid
matakót afraid
talabá oyster
tálag rarity
matálag rare, scarce
talagá surely, indeed, truly, really, certainly
talápos to run over (man-)
taláran to wait, stand watch (man-)
tálba all, every
talék trust, confidence; to trust (man-)
1
talém to soak (e.g. clothes in water) (man-)
2
talém —
matalém bright, intelligent, scholarly
talikoróg to vie with one another
115
talíma to look after someone (man-)

talinó goodness
matalinó wise
talíntao picture, image
tálkan rashness
tálo to win, conquer, defeat (maN-)
atálo was defeated; lost (e.g. of a bet)
taló three
komátlo third in order
kakatló one third
labintaló thirteen
talómplo thirty
talókap eyelid
talókboñg headgear, veil
talón eggplant
taloñgáriñg advantage, excellence; ambition
1
talós understand, interpret, have an
understanding of
2
talós to go at once and directly to
destination (on-)
tálsik splash
talyási vat
tambál medicine; to cure, heal (maN-)
tambáyo to manifest affection
tamból drum (musical)
támbotámboñg soupy dessert containing balls of sticky
rice
tamuró forefinger
támpol to slap on the face, spank
tampól immediately, simultaneously, at the
same time
talóran tampól [three at once] triplets
1
tan and
2
tan that (near hearer) (pl. rátan those)
tanáman plant, garden, orchard; to plant (man-)
tandá sign, signal
panandaán clue
tandúro praise, honor
taném to plant, sow
panagtaném planting season
taniáreg speechless
tánquE see tañgkE
116
tanól loud sound, explosion; to set off an

explosion, make an exploding sound
(on-)
patátanólen firecracker
tantán calm, become calm, slow down (on-)
matantán slow
tántiya estimate
tañgá stupid
tañgán thumb, big toe
1
tañgáy look up at (on-); stand outside a
person’s house shouting insults etc.
(man-)
2
tañgáy to drink from a glass; drink to (-an)
tañgér to nod the head, esp. in greeting or
affirmation (on-)
táñgkE tank, water tank
tañguá up; to look up (on-)
táo —
katáo people, persons
taól bark (of dog)
taón age, year
katantaón last year
panaón season, in season
tinaón annual
taúsi salted beans used esp. in Chinese
dishes
taúyo soy sauce
tapák to step on, tread on (-an); go barefoot
akatapák barefoot
tapakán slippers, sandals
tápay to knead dough
tinápay bread
tapéw above, on top; to put on top (i-)
táplak spread
tapón cork
tapóñg to pound (-en)
tarátar scattered in a heap
tarém blade, edge
makdém sharp
tári spur of rooster, blades added to spur
for cockfight
taríkin —
mataríkin handsome
117
taríwa fresh (fish, fruit, etc.)

tarók bring, take, carry with one (man-)
tárya to reserve
tása cup
tási witness; to testify
tástas to unstitch
taták engraving; trademark, brand
tátay term of address or reference for one’s
father
tatkén see takkén
tatuá to deny
táwag to call, summon (man-)
táwal acceptable price, bargain; to bargain
(on-)
táwas performance of ritual designed to cure
sickness
tawáy flavor, taste; to taste (maN-)
táwen sky, heaven
tawír inheritance; to inherit (maN-)
tawtáw lost in a crowd, misplaced; to lose
(man-)
táyak to spread; let out news (on-)
tayaketék continuous but slow pattern of
raindrops
tayegtég to tremble, shake in spasms (as in
certain illnesses) (man-); trembling
taynán to escape, abandon, leave (on-)
tayó we, including speaker and more than
one addressee (cf. 1ta) (topic pronoun)
itayó form of tayó (topic) when
preceding word ends in a
consonant (usu. only when
following a verb)
sikatayó we, us (inclusive) (independent
pronoun)
tayó (also:) by us (inclusive), our
(inclusive) (attributive pronoun)
taytáy bridge; to bridge (maN-); cross a
bridge (on-, man-)
tebág to crumble (on-); crumbling, eroded
teén to place in lines one over the other, e.g.
like bricks in a wall; to center an object
in relation to others in an arrangement
118
tegtég to sever or divide with a sharp

instrument
tekáp chapter
tekép to affiliate, include, join (on-)
tekiáb to fly (on-) (see also tikiáb).
teldán, teldón to cease, stop
andí teldán non-stop, continuous
telegráma telegram
télek deaf; to become deaf, deafen
tElÉfono telephone
temék to crush (man-)
tÉmplo temple
tepéc beak
tepél to endure (man-); patience, endurance
1
tepét question; to ask, question (-en)
2
tepét —
katepét something cooccurring with
something else
terák to fire, explode (on-)
terakiáñg see tirakiáñg
tÉrcEr third (e.g. congressional district)
térter to flow in dribbles, leak (on-)
tEsorÉro treasurer
tEstimónyo testimony
tetél blamed; to blame (maN-)
ti we (inclusive of speaker and hearers)
(topic-pronoun—usually in greetings or
polite exhortations)
ití alternative form of ti when
preceding word ends in a vowel
tíla la ‘let’s go’; ‘we’re [all] going’
(said to departing guest)
tiá aunt, female relative of parents’
generation
1
tíbi tuberculosis [TB]
2
tíbi television [TV]
tikéy short
antikéy short, low
tikiáb to fly (on-) (= tekiáb)
patikiáb to set off a rocket (space ship or
firecracker)
119
tikléb to be upside down, lie on one’s

stomach (on-)
patikléb turn upside down, as e.g. when
tipping jelly from a mold
tíkom close the lips or mouth
tíla see ti
tilá lie, falsehood; to lie (man-)
matilá liar
tilák to stay, remain behind (on-); to leave
behind (mañgi-)
timbá pail, bucket
tímbañg to weigh (so much), to equal (man-)
timbukél around, circumference; to put around
(i-)
timél flea
timír chin
timplá to season food, mix ingredients, test
what one has mixed or seasoned by
tasting (man-)
tinapá smoked fish
tinápay bread [from tápay, q.v.]
tindáan market; to go to market (mi-)
tíndek anxious; be anxious (man-)
tínta ink
tiñggál five centavos
maniñggál five centavos apiece
tíñgit small, tiny
tíñgtiñg coconut midribs used for native yard
broom
tió uncle, male relative of parents’
generation
típay to shape (man-)
típkel to live with, join (man-)
típon assembly, gathering; savings; to collect,
gather up (-en)
pantitíponán gathering place; assemblage
tirakiáñg to fall on one’s back (on-), place
something right side up
tiwél rabies
atiwél rabid, crazy
to his, her, its, by him, by her, by it
(attributive pronoun)
120
-a he, she, it (topic pronoun)

following negative particle ag-
only (in other environments the
third person singular topic
pronoun is simply implied in the
context)
sikató he, she, it, him, her
(independent pronoun)
tuá true, truly
patuá to tell the truth
toálla = twálya, q.v.
tobakiár to fall upside down
tóbat to worsen (on-)
1
tóbo profit, gain from transaction; to make a
profit
2
túbo water pipe
tobó growth; to sprout, grow, increase (on-)
1
tobóñg to enter (e.g. a show) (on-); put
something inside something else (i-)
2
tobóñg a length of bamboo hollowed out to
serve as a container for carrying water
etc.
todyó wise, of good repute and sound
judgement
toék to bow the head
togióp to assemble (man-)
toglép be overcome with sleep, shut one’s
eyes without meaning to because of
weariness
tógtog to play a musical instrument (maN-)
tuká vinegar
tokdól donation, contribution toward the
expenses, entertainment or food
required for a social gathering; to
donate for such a cause (maN-)
tóklaw bitten (e.g. by a snake)
tokláw to touch the eyes with the tip of a
finger or instrument (on-)
tókso temptation
1
toktók top, summit
121
2
toktók to peck (esp. of birds when feeding)
(on-); to get two fighting cocks to peck
at each other before releasing them for
fight (pan-…-en)
3
toktók to knock (man-)
tolák to push (i-); thrust (mañgi-)
tolín to roll (man-)
toló ahead of; be ahead of (spatially, or in
the sense of overpriced, i.e. the price is
‘ahead of’ the true value) (on-)
tolók to obey (on-)
tóloñg help, aid, assistance; to help (on-)
matóloñg helpful
katoloñgán ally
1
tolór to take (mañgi-)
patolór to send (mañgi-)
2
tolór funeral; to attend a funeral (mi-)
tolót to fight unarmed, wrestle (man-)
tóloy always; to be always (on-)
tolóy to be able to proceed; to go
immediately (on-)
tomá body louse
tombalík inverted order
1
tombók key; to use a key (i.e. lock or unlock)
(maN-)
2
tombók to follow (of speech: carry on, or
repeat) (on-)
tonáw to melt, dissolve
tondá to stop, cease (on-)
tónog to go from house to house (on-)
managtónog itinerant vendor
tonóng reasonable, just, convenient
katonongán justice, obligation
tontón to trace, follow (a road etc.) (on-)
tontónan small bridge
tonggál every, for each, to each, apiece
tóngkab to force open with any instrument
tongtóng story, tale, conversation; to converse,
talk with (man-)
tongtongán agreement
toó person, man (pl. totóo)
122
toón to put on or over something, pass or fly

over, etc. (on-); to put (pot) on (stove)
to cook (mañgi-)
tóor keep a promise, remain faithful
matóor sincere, devoted
katóorán allegiance
topág to match, pair
tópak to cast, throw (i-)
topí to fold (clothes etc.) (man-)
torék to prick; stick (in the ground etc.),
stake, nail onto (i-)
tóriñg to consider
turnílyo screw
toró to point out, indicate with the finger (i-)
torók to prick, spear; to be pricked with
something (on-)
tórrE tower
tóyak to become popular (on-)
sankatoytóyokán most popular
tóyaw to manifest respect or affection
toyó dried salted fish about the size of a
large sardine
toyóñg to point at, direct (i-)
trabájo job, work, occupation
matrabájo demanding, requiring work
transístor transistor radio
trÉnta thirty (money etc.)
trÉs three (time, money, etc.)
trÉsE thirteen (money etc.)
trígo wheat
trómpo top (child’s toy)
tróso piece of lumber
tsá = chá, q.v.
123
W
wáb = oáb, q.v.
wagwág shake out a sack, empty a container (i-)
walá being in existence (often translatable by
English ‘to have’ when referring to
possessions etc.)
wadiá existing here
wadmán existing there
wadtán existing there (near addressee)
walná character, attitude
waló eight
labinwaló eighteen
komawaló eighth
sanwawaló eight each
walsík to sprinkle (man-); instrument for sprinkling
holy water in church ceremonies, blessings,
etc.
wandág direct illumination from the sun or other
source of light; to eye something, see
curiously
wári nearly, it should be so, ‘if you like’ (may also
indicate that an action etc. actually took
place or was desired by someone)
wÉlga, huÉlga (industrial) strike
/wÉlga/
124
Y
1
-y see na
2
-y see so
1
ya this
2
ya = 2a‚ q.v.
yabét to hand something over (i-)
yagyág falling; to fall (man-)
yakét sap
yálay offer
yáman wealth
mayáman wealthy
yamót secret
yan to put (i-, past = ínan)
íyan contents
paniínan container, storage place
yánoyáno playful
yaóng deep plate
yapák to step on, tread on (-an)
yapákyapák to stamp, trample
yári completion; to finish completely, bring to
fruition
kayári after, afterward
kayarián right to property, ownership
nayári possible, able (to be done)
pakayári ability, ascendancy, force, might,
power
yátol see átol
yatyát width; unnecessary length or prolongation
of action
yegyég tremor, earthquake, shaking of building etc.
reminiscent of earthquake
yÉlo ice
1
yo your, by you (more than one addressee)
(attributive pronoun)
kayó you (pl.) (topic pronoun)
sikayó you (pl.) (independent pronoun)
2
yo ray (sea creature), shark
yogtán younger sibling; produce a younger sibling
for one’s children (man-)
kayogtanán youngest (last) child
yogyóg to shake (i-)
125
1
yókyok to bow the head in discouragement (on-)
2
yókyok to wash something by putting it in water
and lifting it out again (man-)
yomáñg something apparently commonplace and
little appreciated, usu. in negative
sentences where sense of negation plus
yomáñg is that whatever is referred to is
more difficult, valuable or worthwhile than
might appear
mayomáñg commonplace, deprecated (but see
yomáñg note above)
yómbañg cured (of boils and similar skin eruptions);
to heal, become better (of boils etc.) (on-)
yómis neat
yóñgyoñg shelter, shed
yoñgyóñg to bend to look at what someone is writing
or doing; to bend over, as ends of branches
with weight of fruit or leaves (on-)
yopót to empty completely (i-)
yóro knife, dagger
yosáos to tell (man-)
yóyo yoyo
126
A
abandon pulyán
abandoned kaíndan
abdomen losók
ability abilidád, káya, pakayári
(yári)
able masarág (sarág), aliméng,
nayári (yári)
abnormal nidumá (dumá)
abort ikál
abortion kaikalán (ikál)
above kepkép‚ tápew
abrupt biglá
absence ekát
absorb sepsép
abstain ngílin
abundant dakerakél (dakél)
abuse lóor
accent púnto
accept aksúbi, áko
accident desiáng
accommodating alingiáda
accomplish sompál‚ ságwat
according onóng
accuse dalém, demánda
accustomed ilwám, lamlám
achieve gamór
acidity akséng
act pidráma (drama)
action kagagálaw (galáw)
acute segáng
addiction nailwám (ilwám)
adjust isnéto
administration podér
admire admíra
admonish bána
adopted child ampón
adorn árte
adult matákken (tátken)
advance paúna, bulaslás
advertisement anúnsio, palápag (lápag)
advice bilín, ópit
adze darás
127
ENGLISH-PANGASINAN INDEX
affection karínyo, lagór

after kayári (yári)
afternoon ngárem
afraid antakót (takót), payóte
again lamét, ólit, ñgóla
age ányos, edad, lamá, taón
agency palapagán (lápag)
agent agénte, ahénte
Aglipayan Independiénte
agree abóbon, kitáw, píla
agreement tongtongán (tongtóng)
aground sadsád
ahead toló, laglág
aid tólong
aim at sipát.
air dagém
air clothing saráng
airplane aeropláno, earopláno
aisle pasílio‚ leét
alertness liksí
alien aliádo
alight épas
align marinték (dinték)
alike kapára (pára)
alive mabiláy (biláy)
all amín, tálba
allegiance katoóran (toór)
allergy aboróg
All Souls’ Day panagkamarérua
allow abóloy
allowance lúba
ally katoloñgán (tólong)
almanac lunário
almost ñgálñgáli
alms limos
alone bókor
alphabet abakáda
already la
also met
alter course káwal
always láwas, mapetepét
(petepét), táloy
amaze keláw, kuáb
ambassador embajadór
128
ambition ogágep‚ gunaét,

talongáring, afición
ambush sanéb
amend simbálo
American Americána, Americáno
ample magenáp (genáp)
amulet ánting-ánting, sumpá
amusement pangalawán (lawán)
ancestry polí
anchor doóng, lánsar
ancient úgma, kadaanán (dáan)
and tan
angel angél, añghél
angelus orasión
anger pasnók, aloboób
angered borirót
ankle kálitkálit
animal áyep
animal for eating isáw
anniversary aniversário‚ bakás
annex sipí
annoy ságotságot
annoyance iñgótñgot, ñgítngit
annual tináon
answer ebát‚ esél
ant giláta
anus ebét
anxiety pága
anxious tíndék
anybody siopáman (opá)
anything whatever bengátla
appeal amomót‚ apiréñg, apélo
appear paroñgtál, pátnag
appearance olágey, itsúra
appeasement pápa
appetite gánas
having no appetite maomít (omít)
applause palakpák
application (forms) solicitúd
appreciated yománg
apprentice kagapógapó (gapó)
approach asiñggér
apricot melokotón
April Abríl
129
arch arcó
archipelago kapolóan (pólo)
ardent maáldeg (áldeg)
ardor áldeg
area súkat, kabáleg (báleg)
argue ngatngát
arise bangón
arm takláy, depá
armpit kilíkilí
around timbukél
arrange dáseg, alásir
arrive sempét, sabí, tákbono
arrow pána, gayáng
ascend segép, sañgát
ash dapól, delsáng
ashamed ambaíng (baíng)
ask keréw, osísa, opápet,
olipét‚ tepét
asleep naogíp (ogíp)
asphalt asfálto
assemblage pantitíponán (típon)
assemble togióp
assembly kómpog‚ típon
association moyong
asthma ásma
astride sakláñg
assortment bángil
astonishment kígtot
at ed, dimád, (dimán ed),
diád (diá ed)
at (an hour of the clock) alás
atom sapók
attach kabít
attend dúknal
attitude walná
attract baláni, dóyo, áyat, sopíl
attracted agága
attractive bonígas
make oneself attractive atés
August Agósto
authorities (oléy)
aunt tiá, nána
auspicious time for finalizing a ábakábak
marriage arrangement
130
automobile logánan, óto‚ auto

awakened abalikuát
away arawí
131
B
baby bíbi, ogáw, anák
baby sit komís
bachelor balólakí
back benég
bad maogés (ogés)
bag bayóng
bail fiánza
baking pan liyanéra
baldness kóskos
ball bóla
ballot balóta
balloting botásyon
bamboo kawayán, kilíng
bamboo bank alkánsiá
bamboo matting sawáli
bamboo pith pátpat
banana púnti
banana: bigger b. in ñgáñga
bunch
banana species ebéb, sabá, lakatán
band bandá
bank bánco
bankruptcy lógi
baptism binyág
bar baríta
barefoot akatapák
bargain táwal
bark (dog) taól‚ dangól
bark (of tree) obák
barricade alábat
barrio úma, barrio
barter sumbát
base bási
basin plangána, bátya
basket alpít, kalóng, búksot
bat panikí
bathe amés
bathroom bányo
beam sínag
beans agáyep, taúsi
bear down dagés
beat pakpák‚ dampalís, laták, lemét
beat (drum) palás
beat (egg) batí
beating sabláy
beautiful magána (gána)
beauty gána
because lapód, ta
beckon kawéy
become máliw
bedroom kuárto
bee potiókan‚ bayaóng
bumble bee alimbobóyog
beer cervéza
before kasakbáy (sakbáy), antés
beg payábol, keréw
begin súlmiñg
beginning manéntra, gapó
beggar pomapayábol (payábol).‚ duká
behave daléyet, kalákal
belief sísia
bell kampána, batíñgtiñg
bellowing ngalngál
below leksáb
belt balkés
bench báñgko
bend pílko, bikuér
bend over yóñgyoñg
beside sanábay (ábay)
bet súba, pústa
betel nut prepared for chewing gágalen (gágal)
better half ámsing
between salét‚ baét
beyond labás
bible bíblia
big báleg
bile apgó
bingo bíñggo
bird manók
bird song úni
bird species gíkgik, saláksak
bite kuláb, ketkét‚ kalát
bitten tokláw
bitter paít, ampaít
bitter melon palyá
black ulípba, asirég, andekét (dekét)
black clothing balíwan
black patch panés
black rice deremén
blackness dekét
blacksmith pomapánday (pánday)
blame tetél
blanch lága
blanket olés
bleach kuláda
bleed buri palm, to liád
blend laók
blessing bendisyón
blind bulág
blindfold peréng
bloated abisóg
block saníb
blood dalá
blow, to sibók
blow over palagpág
blue asúl
blunt epél
body lamán
body dirt kabkáb
boil lámbong‚ lánson
boil over páti
boiled rice bolból
bolo baráng
bomb bómba
bone pokél
book líbro
booming sound libóg
borrow bayés
bottle botélya
bottle cap polét
boundary ketég
bow, to dakmómo, ósdong, toék, yókyok
box kahón, poníti
boy lakí, batáan, bológ
bracelet pulséras
brain oték
brainy maoték
bran bábañg
branch sañgá, lapá
brand taták
brave mákpel
bravery belér
bread tinápay, pan de sal
break betág, pisít, tepék, mísmis, lapák,
sarí
break off buál‚ lópak
breakfast almusál
breast sosó
breath doñgáp, áñgsab, áñges
breathing iñgás
bribe soksók
bridge taytáy
bridgelet tontónan
bright agáag, masnág (sínag)
bright (talented) matalém (talém)
brightness liwáwa
brilliance síkat
bring tarók, alainót, alá
broken nabtág (betág), naksít (pisít)
brook kolós
broom káykay, pánis
broth sitsít
brother kúya, agí
brother-in-law bayáw
brown sanantónio
brush sepíllo, sepílyo, síkat, eskóba, nisnís
bullet bála
bumble bee alimbobóyog
bundle berbér
Bureau of Internal aduána
Revenue
buri palm silág
burn palís, siláb
burst bótnak
bury kátneb
busy abála
but bálet, báñgta, et
butcher labák, mamatéy (patéy)
butter mantikílya
butterfly kompápey
buy salíw, ángkat
buy up, to lobós, pakiáw
by na, nen
by and by nagonóyan
C
cabaret kabarét
cabbage repóllo, repólyo
cabinet gabinéte
cackle koták
cake: rice cake bibíngka, póto
calabash kalobása
caldron káwa
call táwag
call chickens korók
calm línak, malinák
calmly palná (lená), tantán
camote kamóte
camp kámpo
campaign basiñgkáwel
can (tin) láta
canal banáwang, buáng
cancer cáncer
candidate kandidáto (m.), kandidáta (f.)
candle kandíla
candy balicúcha, bokáyo, kíndi
cane báston
canned (goods) de-láta (láta)
cannon kanyón
capital poonán (póon)
captain kapitán
car aúto, óto
carabao duég
care asikáso, iwi, tagíbi
careful aluár
caress aplós
caring (about) kabilañgán (biláñg)
carpet alfómbra
carried kípkip
carry akbíbit, ebá, agto, awít, sakbát,
sakláy, baklóy
cart karitón
case asúnto, káso
cashier cajéro
cassava kamóteng káhoy, káhoy
casserole kaseróla
cast (away) polisáy
cat pusá
catch erél, singkát
catch fish kálap‚ kemél, sagáp
catch up with ábot
caterpillar bigís
catholic católico
cause señgegán (señgég)
cautery pások
cavan kabán
cease teldón
celebrate selebrár
celery kínchay
cement cementó
cemetery kamposánto
centavo séntimos
center laém
centipede gayamán
certain petég
chair taboríti, iroñgán (iróñg), butáka
chalice kális
change salát, máliw
change clothes salát, poláw
change (coins) sinsílyo
change one’s mind poláw
chant pasión‚ kánta
chaperone basbás
chapter tekáp
character ogáli
charcoal oríñg
cheap mamúra (múra)
cheeks apíñg
cheeks: having big cheeks maáping
cheese késo
chest pagéw
chew gátgat, notnót
chew betel nut gágal
chewy makónet
chick siwsíw
chicken manók
chief jéfe, dátu
child ogáw, anák
children ilálak‚ ogógaw‚ ának
chin timír
Chinese sañgláy, inchik, dáldal
Chinese pea sitsaró
chip sapsáp
chisel likóp
chocolate chocoláte
choose pilí
chop tádtar, bálsig, sigsíg
Christian Cristiáno
Christianity cristianísmo
Christmas Paskó, Krísmas
Christmas Day ágew na Paskó
church simbaán
cicada andírit
cigarette sigarílyo
circle limbó
circumference timbukél
circus sirkós
citrus fruit: small kalamansí
lime-like var.
clam gilitán, dukiáng
clasp sakém
clay bónton
clean patáy, dalós, línis, loklók, kayás,
kalás, palín
clear malinéw (linéw), malíway (líway)
clear, become líway
clear, to paláspas
cleft leták
clerk escribiénte
climb kaláb
cloistered entérna
close (proximate) lápit, pateñgél
close (shut) kapót, kopít, sará
close the eyes kirém
close the lips tíkom, kopít
cloth abél, sápin, káyo
clothes kawés
clothes, large láwig
clothes, new palít
clothing: make lágay
excessively long
cloud lorém
cloudy malorém (lorém)
clue panándaán (tandá)
cluster kaláykay
clutch pañgét
cockfight búlang
cockpit ruída
cockroach buláki, asípet
coast burakán
coat (jacket) amerikána
coat, to apís
cocoa cocoá
coconut nióg
coconut, dried, fallen cocót
coconut milk gatá
coconut scraper balikátkat
coconut shell lapís
coffee café
coffin loñgón
coins sinsílyo
cold (temperature) ambetél (betél)
cold (illness) panaténg
colic baltík
collar kápa
collect siñgíl, cóbra
collection dánop
collector cobradór
color kolór
comb sagáysay, sagó
comb of rooster palóñg
come gála, gáli, la
come out doñgét
comfortable ináwa, kanawnáwa
comic book kómiks
commerce comércio
commission páslek
committee júnta
communion komónyon
communist comunísta
compact sedsér
companion íba
comparable alíling
compare ámpar, égpañg
compassion sinagém
complete sapót
completion yári
comprehend dandán
conclude sigpót
concrete kongríto, ceménto
condensed milk condensáda
condition alíling
conduct urbanidád, ogáli
cone-like balisóñgsoñg
confession kompisál
confide saglawí
confine pokók
confirm mínto
confirmation kompírma
confiscate ilít
confused solíñgsolíñg
congeal ketél
congress congréso
congressman diputádo
connect gawíñg
conscientiousness agél
conscientious makolí (kolí)
consider tóring
considerate amóyot
constipation etél
consult patáñg
consume dérak, ábak, opót
container kalúpi, paniínan (yan)
container, bamboo bóñgboñg, pisí, tobóñg
contemplate amáyo
content: do to one’s péra
heart’s content
contented konténto, áyap
contents íyan
contest laslásan
continue náyon
continuing elétneg
continuous layón, saginónor
contradict soñgsóñg
contribution osós
convince lagiát
convulsion kelát
cooccurring katepét
cook cusinero, cusinera
cook, to lotó
cooked rice nilutó, báaw
cooking oil mantíka
cool pabetél (betél)
coolness betél
copy sakál
coquette solámbi
cork tapón
corn maís
corner sokóñg
coronation koronácion
corpse báñgkay
correct sústo, tuá
cotton kapés
cough akók
councillor concejál
count biláng
counters balsák
country bánsa
court juzgádo, okóm, córte
court, to káraw
cousin pínsan
cover sakób, kolób
cover, to sakób‚ kolób, tabón, pólnit
cover lightly kobót
cover with blanket kómot
covering táklab
cow báka
coward matákot
crab alamá, daliwéy
crack leták, lámat, laták, siwáng
cracked síra
cradle bába
crane sípol
crave inám
crawl koróñg
crazy ambágel (bágel), (tiwél)
creased silót
create pálsa (lesá)
creator manamálsa (lesá)
creature pinálsa (lesá)
crevice laták
crib (Christmas) belén
cricket kóryat
criminal criminál
criticism bandáy
crochet ganchílyo
crocodile buáya
crooked kiwét
cross kurus‚ cruz
cross, to béltañg
crossbeam salása
cross eyed gilábot, dolíñg
crow owák
crow, to kukáok
crown balañgét, koróna
cruel ínglet, marúksa (dúksa)
cruelty dámsak, dúksa
crumb mikmík
crumple kómes, kumanét
crush bañgár, banél, pitpít, danél, ligís,
temék, ngalngál
crust garól, bíñgkol
cry akís, uhá
cucumber pepíno
cultivate bayúbo
cunning sikáp
cup tása, losór
curly kolót
curtain kurtína
curve bikotkót‚ basíkaw
custom ogáli
customer: favored súki
customer
cut gergér, iláp, kisáp, tágpas, pegpég,
potót, pópo, potér
cymbals piáñg
D
dagger dagá, yúro
daily inágewágew (ágew)
damage déral
damages danyós, dañós
damp ambasá (basá)
dance sayáw, baíle, curácha
dandruff balakúbak
dark ambiloñgét, seloñgét
darkness biloñgét
dashing of waves sipáksipák
date fécha
dawn palbáñgon
day ágew
dead aléplep, inatéy
deaf télek
debate siñgbát, sañgsáñg
debt ótañg
deceased inatéy
December deciémbre
decorate adórno‚ potík
decoration palamíre, árkos
dedication gaér
deduce pintás
deep aralém (dalém)
deep marsh lóma
defeat tálo
defeated atálo
defect defécto
delay bayág, liwág
delegate delegádo
delicious mananám (nanám)
delight in pákna
deliver delíver
demand eyéy
demanding matrabájo (trabájo)
democracy democrácia
deny tatuá, tilá
depart sipót, patánir (tánir)
departing pasó
department departaménto
deprecated mayomáñgyomáñg
depth kaaralém (dalém)
descend akséb
desire ibég, linawá
detach laknít‚ lapnít
destination destíno
dessert: varieties leche flan, támbotámboñg
destroy gebá, bagbág
determine getár
deviate sipá
devil demónio
devoted masimoóm (simoóm)
devotion devoción
devour síbar
dew linaó
diagonal paláñg
dialect salíta
diaper lámpiñg
die patéy
difference síki
different nagkasikasítmat (sitmát), sananéy,
dumá
dig seká, kotkót, beká, uká
dike pilápil
diligence kolí
dim odiém
dine sakláñg
dip in sauce délnet
diploma diplóma
direct gangán, áwir
directly talós
directorate directória
dirt diñgót, duták‚ salá
dirty mariñgót (diñgót), kilót
disabled inútil
disappear lípat, sikmát
disappointed dismáyo
discuss saít, aláwat
disembowel sótsot
dishes: various see: adóbo, buláñglañg, dinalaán,
igadó, ókoy‚ pakbét, paksíw, pansít,
pañgát, polótan and relléno
disintegrate mógmog
dislocate lotáñg
dismantle stairs paksíw
dismissal detéra
displeased disgústo
dissatisfied kíbot
dissemble sakmál
dissolve nawnáw, molmol
distance distánsia
distribute bónog, ótob
district polók, distríto
disturb bangén, bogák, poká
divide pisáñg
division división
dizziness eléw
doctor doctór
document doccoménto
dodge líkid
doff one’s hat, to lógay
dog asó
dole gáring
dollar dólyar
donation tokdól
door pínto
double latúp, dóble
doubts duarúa, álañgabañg
dough tápay
down leksáb
drag gayógoy, sáyar
drama móromóro, dráma
draw out aón
dream kúgip
dregs gaér
dress balíntawak, bestído, áysing
drift anór
drink inóm‚ lagók
drink excessively buék, alabáb
drip paták
drive ándar
drive a vehicle paakár (akár)
drive away paalís (alís)
drive stake into ground pálpal
drop, to páktak‚ pelág, páta
drop in samár
drop of liquid sankapaták (paták)
drought nakbetán (kebét)
drown lenér
drowsiness lápat
drum tamból
drunk abuék (buék)
drunkenness inkabuék, kabuék (buék)
dry kebét, amagá (magá)
duck ítik, páto
duet duéto
dug uká
dull makapasawá (sawá)
dulling of edge of blade sése
dumb emél
dunk sawsáw
durable málet
duration ándo
during pelés, kaleganán (légan)
dust dabók
dust pan sañgkáp
dusty marabók (dabók)
duty kábtang
dwarf bolílit, ansisit
dwell áyam
dye sapáñg
E
each bálañg; tóñggal
eagle ágila
ear layág
ear: having only one ear piñgól
early betbét, sakbáy
earn ánap
earrings íkaw
earth dálin; múndo
earthen sayáp
ease inomáy
east bokíg
Easter Sunday Domíngo de Pásco
easy mainomáy
eat kan
eat heartily buág
eat little omít
eat raw meat or fish kiláw
eat with the hands kamót
eaten nakán
edge tarém, gilíg
edible tuber (variety) kalót
education educación
eel igát, egát
egg iknól
eggplant talón
egret dolákak
eight ócho, waló
eight each sanwawaló
eighteen labinwaló
eighth komawaló
eighty ochénta, walómplo
eject from the mouth luá
elbow síkil, sikó
eldest sankapañguloán
election elección
elector manamíli
eleven labinsakéy, ónse
eleven times maminlabínsakéy
eleventh komalabinsakéy (ikalabinsakéy)
else díno
embalm bálsamo
embrace lakáp, sapál
embroider bórda
empathize dámay
emphasis amó
employee empleádo
emptiness ápa
empty kepés, kapís, yopót
encircle, to lokób
encounter daténg
encourage bálap
end pospós, sañgpót, añggá
endorse indórso
endure tepél, ándo
enemy kabosól (bosól)
engineer ingeniéro/inheniéro
England Inglatérra
English inglés
enmity bosól
enough malaém, salipotpót, jústo
enter tobóng, loób
entire entéro, simoóm
entrance éntra
erase púrak‚ borál
eroded tebág
eruption on skin balyangét
escape alógpos, alíker, léktar, takiás, papás
especially nagkalálo (lálo)
estate haciénda
estimate tántiya
estuary loók
Europe Európa
evaporated evaporáda
evasive ígtad
even patí, bañg
even if añggáno
eventful amáy
everything ganáganá
every toñggál
everyday ágewágew
evil malígno, ogés
examine eksámin, saláysay
example kaalimbáwaán, bílang
exasperation koliteptép
excess solók
excessive tallness layóg
excessively laíñgen
exchange glances líñggis
excited lanór
excrement taí
excuses baráan
exercise inpanpasál (pasál), ersísio
exert bonék
existing walá
exit papawayán
expect ilálo
expel tabóy
expense gastós
expensive mablí (bilí)
expert expérto, sanáy
explode terák
extract pañgpáñg
extremely alímbos
eye matá
eyebrow kirép
eyeglasses antipára, antióhos
eyelid talókap
F
face lúpa
fade paspás
failure atráso
faint alimoréng
fairness putí
fairy tales inkantáda
faithful tóor
fake búlaw
fall potpót
fall down lebák
fall forward takbá
fall on back tirakiáñg
fall on face ñgodñgór
fall (tears) dalígdig
fall upside down tobakiár
fallen agebá
fallen leaves layák
falling órot, yagyág
false pálso
fame púri
family família‚ bolég, sankabolég
famine gáwat
famous bántog
fan abaníco, paypáy
far arawí (dawí)
fare pléte
fast kuyát, maplés (pelés)
fat tabá‚ matabá
father tátay, amá
fatigued palág, naksawán (kesáw), alipanós
faucet grípo
faulty sála
favor dáwat‚ palabuáy

fear takót
feast fiésta
feather bagó
feed pakán (kan)
feed: force-feed lañgáp
a dog
feel depth with salsál
feet
feel (sense) likná
feel (touch) kapkáp, kapá
female bií, kabátyan
fence alár
fermented fish búro
fern pakó
fertilizer abúno
fetch alá, awít
fetch water asól
fever golígol, inagém
few daisét
fiber kánot‚ lánot
field pásol
fifteen kínse, labinlimá
fifth quínto‚ komalimá
fifty limámplo, siñgkuénta
fifty centavos salapí
fight tolót, lában
file (tool) kíkil, pénpen
fill perpér, panó, kápol, sára
fin palíkpik
find dómog, anap, asímaw, álmo, sóysoy
fine múlta
finely made dinték
finger gamét
finish laós
fire poól, apóy, olám
firecracker patátanólen
firefly kankánti
fireside lagañgán
firm pasersér (sersér)
firmness elét
first oná, priméra, priméro
first fruit solá
first time kasiá
first time: do for sókal
first time in
season
first time: try, dámo, labóy
use for first time
fish sirá
fish: dried salted dáiñg, káiñg, tuyó
fish
fish: smoked fish tinapá
fish pond pokókan (pokók)
fish species ásaása, bañgós, betél, bunór, botéte,
galóñggoñg, ipón, íto, malága, país, pantát,
sapsáp, siwísiwí
fish with a net sígay
fishhook banuít, kawíl, tagá
fishing pakpák
instrument
fissure saysáy, lámat
fit dúga, añgáy
five limá, cínco
five centavos tiñggál
fix apíger
flag bandéra
flame liáb, daláng
flare dayábdab
flatten lipáy
flea timél
flicker ándap
flirt pasóng
flirty abitíl (bitíl)
float, to letáw
float (vehicle) karúsa
float object cooked paltáw, paletáw (letáw)
being
flood deláp
floor datál, suélo
flour arína, harína
flow ágos
flower rósas, buláklak
flower pot masitéra
flowing ñgóyñgoy
fly (insect) apángat
fly, to tikiáb
flying kámpay
fog kelpá
fold topí, gétget
food buágen, kánen, balón, bagisén
fool lóko
foolish bágel
foot dapán, salí
footprint bakát, dakát
for pára
for a while máya
for what anénen
purpose?
force pílit‚ pelés‚ pasóot
forefinger tamuró
forehead molíng
foreigner sankaíli (kaíli)
forest takél
forever magnáyon, (náyon); ándo lan ándo
forget liñguán, libáng
fortunate mapálar (pálar), suérte
fortune teller pomapálar (pálar)
forty kuarénta, apatámplo
foundation fundación
fountain soból
four apát, kuátro
fourteen katórse, labinapát
fragrance makaróyo (dóyo)
fragrant ambaliñgít (baliñgít)
fragments lañgá
frayed soysóy
free ikbán, sápo
fresh taríwa
fresh fish iládo
Friday viérnes
friend amíga, amígo, íba
frighten tágnaw
frisking puták
frog patáñg
from kindí, kínen, tagá, ed
front aráp
fruit prútas, boñgá
frustrations dendén
fry fríto
fulfill dóndon, súñgpal
full napnó, (panó), madkél (kerél), apanó (panó)
fumigate soób
funeral tolór, pómpon
funeral car cáro
funny palék (elék)
fussy gígi
future árapen (aráp), básbas
G
gaiety sayá
gambling sogál
gambling game involving juéteng
numbers
game galáw
ganta gátañg, salóp
garden jardín
garlic báwañg
garrulous matabíl (tabíl)
gasoline gasolína
gate puérta
gather bontón
gather fruits with stick kaláwit
gathering begtá, pónsia, mókmok
general lápag
gentle imsáy
genuine antígo
Germany Alemánia
get ákop‚ alá, kaót
get-together panduroñgoán (doñgó)
ghost aniáni
giant higánte
giddiness lága
gift regálo, láñgkap
giggly buñgísñgis
gills asáng
gin ginébra
ginger agát
give itér‚ moriá, andá, paláñgkap
(láñgkap), palimá
give voice kásel
given naítdan (itér)
glass báso
glass jar porónggo
glass object salañgsáñg
glitter kírlap
gloomy sálmar
glory glória
gloves guántes
glutton labláb
gluttony sibá
goat kandíng
go la
go ahead sóloñg, laslás
go around tónog, pasiár
go astray legáw
go away básil; puéra!
go directly lárgo
go down lasór
go from house to house likót
go from one place to the other libér
go out together (of women) mayá
go to a reception dagó
go to town luás
go together olóp
God Diós, Amalsá, Manamalsá
god-father nínong
god-mother nínang
goddess diósa
gold balitók, iróg‚ gínto
gold mine kalí
gone benegán (benég)‚ ababués
good ábig, maóng
good afternoon masantós a ñgárem
goodbye tíla la, onla kamí la
good day masantós a ágew
good morning masantós a kabuasán
goodness talinó
Goodness! ay
goose gánso
gossip monger kiáwkiáw
government gobiérno
governor gobernadór
grade grádo
grain bokél
grammar gramática
granary kamálir
grandchild apó
grandfather láki
grandmother bái
grapes úbas
grapple alipospós
grass diká
grasshopper durón
grate igár, koskós, kudkúd
grave lobók
grazing págod
grease piyók
greedy maágom (ágom), malanír
(lanír)
green bérde
green peas gisántes
grief makapasinagém (sinagém)
grind ligíg, gíliñg
grocery groserí
growth which takes place lesá
seemingly of its own accord
group bóñggoy, dupóng, gaém
growing season onboboyág (boyág)
grown out of abálgan (báleg)
growth lámbot, tobó
grumpy ñgósem, mañgósem
grunt míkñgit
G-string baág
guava bayáwas
guide gíya, guía, ákay, antábay,
onalabát
gun paltík, páltog
gun: fire a gun paltóg
guts páit
gyrate ilák
H
habitual dáti
habitually lánang
hair buék
half kapalduá
half cooked malasádo
halve palduá
hammock andóyan
hand limá
hand, to dérew, yabét
hand bag bag
hand of bananas sapár
handful gémgem, dakót
handkerchief pányo
handle pasolán, pakáw
handshake pasamáno
handsome mataríkin (taríkin), guápo, guapíto
hang (clothes etc.) sabít
hang (kill by hanging) bítay
hang one’s head domég
hanging object layláy
happiness gayága
happy magayága (gayága), masayaksák
(sayaksák), malikét (likét)
happy; to be happy sayaksák
Happy Christmas Malígan Paskó
hard maírap (írap), bisél
hardness awét
hardships írap
harp árpa
harrow sagár
harvest áni, gamál
harvested naáni (áni)
harvest time panagáni (áni)
hasten dágdag
hat baláñggot, sombréro, góra
hatch lemlém
he sikató
head oló
head of group púno
headcloth dalungdóng
headgear talókbong
heal yómbañg
healthy lagó, malagó, matabá (tabá)
heap átip
hear deñgél
hear something líkas
heard nañgelán (deñgél)
heart púso
heart of banana posó
heart shaped sinampúso
heat deláñgdeláñg, petáñg
heat clams in water lápay
heaven táwen
heaviness belát
heavy ambelát (belát)
heed siñgléw
height kaatagéy (atagéy)
held benbén
helpful matóloñg (tóloñg)
hen ñganák
her to, sikató (to)
herb-variety of arbáka
medicinal herb
here niá, diá
here: existing here wadiá
hero bayáni
hey! oy
hide amót
high school háyskol
him sikató (to)
his to
hiss sótsot, ngísiw
hit dúklos, kená
hitch sínta
hoarse pagás
hold égna
hold between the palms ampát
of both hands
hold by upper arms abracéte
hold in one’s arms kepkép
hold in the palm of hand ampáya, petpét
hole abót, labót
holy sagrádo, masagrádo
holy water bindíta
homesickness ilíw
homosexual bákla
honey comb kálaba
honor dáyew
hook sagór
hook: crocheting hook ganchílyo
hope piráwat (dáwat), ilálo
hopefully komón
horn of animal saklór
horn of car bosína
horse kabáyo
hospital ospitál
hot ampetáñg (petáng)
house abóng
housemate kaámoñgán (amóñg)
how pánon
how (are you) komósta (ka)
how many? pigára
how much sampíga, pigá
hundred lasós, ciéntos
hunger erás
hungry narasán (erás)
hunt anóp
hunter managanóp (anóp)
hurry gánat, apurá, pugá
hurt asugát (sugát), amíñggay, imbél
husband asawá
husband and wife sanasawá
hut alolóng
I
I ak, siák
ice yélo
idea kanónotan (nónot)
if no
ignite sinít
ignorant mañgmáñg
Igorot igólot
illness béblay
image talíntao
imitate álig
immature fruit sabóñg
immediately tampól, dágos
immigration imigrásyon
implied kabaliksán (balikás)
important máskin
impossible désparate
inadequacy kokoláñgan
inch pulgáda
incline the head forward akbáb
include tekép, sapól
increase aróm
increase cargo layá
increase in price pátoñg
increase in volume lebág
indecision irí
indeed konó, lantí
independent independiénte
Indian bombayána
Indian mango paó
individual katáo
induce sogsóg
industrious makolí (kolí)
inform dalátdat, pakábat (kábat)
ingratitude lámang
ingredients ikaná
inheritance tawír
injury tabék, sugát
ink tínta
innards bágis, minodénsia
innermost sokék
inside dalém, otél, loób
insist pórek, déldel, gítgit
inspiration inspiración
instead ímbis
instrument for removing corn grains esér
insufficient kólang
insufficient means banikél
insult insúlto
intelligent intelegénte/intelihénte
intercessor manañgiesél (esél)
interest pilálek
interest (money) ábang
interesting mapilálek (pilálek)
intermediate intermédia
interpret talós
interpreted dream kalág
interrupt salabát
intersperse salétsalét
intimate associate sankakábat (kábat)
intrude salangát, ságot
inverted pigár
inverted order tombalík
investigate úsig
invitation invitación
invite inbitá, bagá
invite to follow itá
Ipomea reptans kañgkóñg
iron pláncha, palánsa
irrigation system paranúm (danúm)
island pólo, ísla
islet pogó
isn’t it kasí
it sikató (to)
its to
itchy gatél
J
jackfruit láñgka
jail cárcel
January Enéro
jar boyóg, pásig, pasó
jealous damág, ébeg, guyaét
jealousy makakaibég (ibég); ébeg
jeepney dyípni
jelly-like dessert guláman
jewels aláhas
jinx buísit
job ánapan (anáp), trabájo
join soldóñg
join end to end saíñg
join pieces of wood álep
join someone típkel
joint of body lañgó
jolly arísga
jolt óntog
journey bároy, viáje
joy liglíwa, likét
judge juéz
juice taból
juicy matabotaból (taból)
July júlio
jump kógtot, loksó
just (adj.) tonóñg
just the same lámañg
justice katonoñgán (tonóñg) justícia
K
keep átol
keep securely lanír
kerosene petrólio
ketchup cátsup
kettle kaldéro
key tombók
kick depák, sípa
kidnap limás, dókot
kidney batók
kill dóot, patéy
kilogram kílo
kilometer kílométro
kind maános (ános)
kind (type) kláse
King Ári
kinky (hair) makolót (kolót)
kiss añgób
kiss the hand pinsíw
kitchen kosína
kite bágabága, sapí
kitten kotíng
knee poég
knife kámpit, cuchillo, labajíta, yóro
knife: hunting knife balisóng
knife: pocket knife labajíta, kartaplúma
knife: table knife cuchillo
knock patók, toktók
knot búknol
know kábat, antá, birbír
know! I don’t know áwey
known antaén (antá), asákop (sákop)
L
lack of time gipít
lacking kólang
laden with fruit maboñgá (boñgá)
ladle akló, baláok
lady señora, bíi
lady: old lady akuláw
lady: unmarried young marikít
lady
lake lóok
land: piece of land báñgkag, pangá, solár
landing place dápo
lap akualán (akuál)
lap up díldil
lard gábot, mantíka
lasso silót
last (adj.) onór, ultimó, otít
last (adv.) sanén
last night kalabián (lábi)
last year katantaón (taón)
late atrasádo; ebés
later on naáni
laugh elék, ñgiréyet
laughing manélek (elék)
laughter karakkák
laundry inpesák (pesák)
lavish gránde
law oléy
lawyer abogádo
lazy kémeg, ngirás, soyát
lead, to pangólo (oló)
lead prayers poón
leader pangúlo, líder
leaf bolóñg
leaf: dry leaves of sugar laklák
cane
leak térter
lean dagét
learn áral
leather katát
leave taynán, liwás, kerá, alís, paolí
left kawigí
leg bikkíng, saláp
legitimate derétsa
lemon limón
lend pabayés (bayés), paótañg (ótañg)
length dukéy
lesson lección
letter súlat
letter of alphabet létra
lettuce luchúgas
liar madúmsis (dúmsis): matilá (tilá)
library librária
license licéncia
lie tilá, burí, dumsís, báli
lie down dokól
life biláy
lift álsa
lift by means of a pole aksíw
lift out of a hole etc. aguát
light siléw
light: festive lights árlong
light (weight) anleméw (leméw)
lightning kimát
like siñgá
like, to gústo, gabáy, labáy
like that onmán, ontán
like this onyá
liked malabáy (labáy)
lily lírio
lime dalayáp
lime (chemical) dená
line golís, línya
link kawíng
lips bibíl
liquor álak
listen dirlíng
little (few) daisét
little (small) melág
little by little ñgitñgít
little finger kekéng
live amóng, áyam, biláy
lively masayá (sayá)
liver altéy
living room sála
lizard: house lizard tikí
lock balewét
lock, to tombók
lone oriém
long (duration) mabayág (bayág)
long (measurement) andukéy (dukéy)
look neñgnéñg
look after talíma
look back liñgáw
look out window doñgáw
look up tañgáy, tañguá
loop salók
loose malagós (lagós), okák
loose garment lápak
lord katawán
lost ugál, tawtáw, bálang
loud kasíl
loudly bakát
louse: body louse tomá
louse: head louse kotó
love áro
low abebá (bebá)
lower pabebá (bebá), loslós, paleksáb
(leksáb)
lowland pisák
luck pálar
lumber tróso
lunch panañgogtó (ogtó)
lungs balá
lush mabuná (buná)
lushness líga
M
machete tabák, baráñg
machine mákina
magistrate magistrádo
maiden marikít
mailbox bosón, buzón
maimed pokól
malediction lasí
mambo mámbo
mango máñgga
manifest affection etc. tambáyo, tóyaw
Manila Ibále
many dakél, amayámay
many times aminpólo
March márzo
market tindáan
marriage kasál
marriage rite involving paloáran
exchange of wine
mass (church service) mísa
massage ilót, kemkém
master ámo
mat ikamén
match (stick) gorábis
matching párapára
mate kaíba (íba)
May máyo
may it be so sapá
mayonnaise mayonísa
mayor alcálde
me siák
meander sámat‚ likáw
meandering likáwlikáw
measles barís
measure tákal
meat kárne
meddle lagót
medicine tambál
meet Sábat, abét‚ bána
meeting míting
melon gundól
melt tonáw
member kamóyong (móyoñg); kaíba
(íba)
member of Provincial Board vocál
member of the opposition managsúngpa (súngpa)
mend salóbay
mentioned abisuát (bisuát), abitlá (bitlá),
dukámat
merchandise lakoán (láko)
mercy kási
microphone mikroponó
middle pegléy
middle finger pangándo
middling kapegleyán (pegléy)
midrib of coconut leaf tíngting, palápa
midrib of taro leaf lalá
milk gátas
milk: coconut milk gatá
mill dápil
millet sabóg
million milyón
mind ísip, nónot
minibus jeépney
minister minístro
minute minóto
mirror salmíng
miss agagá, daplís, saláy
miss (be absent) líwat, saéw
missal dasálan (dasál)
mistake liñgó
mistiness of the eyes kóspay
misunderstanding balimgáan, gótgot
mix timplá, kamés, sasamék,
manlalaók
mixture kalatkát
mode úso
moderate kanéney
modern alindáway
moist álneb
molar pañgál
Monday lúnes
money kuárta, pilák
monggo balatóñg
monkey chóñggo, bakés
monosodium glutamate vétsin
month bolán
moon bolán
more masulók (sulók)
moreover iñgén
morning kabuasán (buás)
morrow buás
mosquito agéyet
mosquito net moskitéro
mother nanay, iná
motion of snake when travelling kiwél
mold, to mása
mount sapát
mountain palandéy
mouth sañgí, songót
mouth: type of infection in mómo
mouth
mouth of river sabáñg
move galáw‚ akár
movement dásel
movement in body of water kiwás
movement in stomach síkal
movie cíne, síni
much dakél
much more laót
mud piték
mudfish gelégelé, dalág
muddy makilót (kilót), mapiték (piték)
municipal hall município
murmur merémeré
mushroom óoñg
music músico, tógtog, lainéng
mustard labanós
my ko
mysterious agnarandán (dandán)
N
nails (finger, toe) kokó
nail (metal) pásak
name ñgarán
narrow iñgét, makísir (kísir)
national nacionál
naughty beñgér
navigate sakáy
near sibég, kaábay (ábay), asinggér
nearly lawári, wári
neat yómis
neatness linggas
necklace kolíntas
needed kaokolán (okól)
needle dágom
needy korámos
ne’er do well áwel,
negrito pogót
neigh ariñgíñg
nest abóñg
nest: basket for nesting chicken balólang
net sayorsór, ikét, salambáw
new bálo, móda
news balíta, damág
newspaper periódico
next onsóno, ansalát
next time mamínsan (pínsan)
nice masantíng (santíng), dakép
nickname baliñgás
niggardly igót
night lábi
nine siamirá, nuéve, siám
nine each tigsisiám
nineteen labinsiám, desinuéve
ninety novénta, siamáplo
ninth mikasiám, komasiám
ninth day after burial lompós
nipa palm nipá
nipa thatch pinaór (paór)
no andí
nod tañgér
node pongét
noise ingál
noise: loud noise tanól
noise: rustling noise kalóskos
noise of children ñgósñgos
noise of water around object pisákpisák
noise of wind banesbés
none añggapó
noon ogtó
nose eléng
not aliwá
notable person birbirén (birbír)
notch siñgít
novel inpanbiláy (biláy)
November noviémbre
now nátan
nun mádre
nurse nérs
O
obey onór, tolók
obligation obligación, okól
obliterate polák
observe imatón, kilíng
observe effect of paleén
treatment
observe keenly óyot
obtain dápat
occasion ocasión
occasionally samuét
occupation ocupación
occupy laknáb
occupy against other’s salín
will
ocean taéw
odor añgób
odor or taste of sour añgló
milk
offer yálay, oprecé
offering to spirits átang
office opisína
office workers mañgoopisína (opisína)
offspring anák
often mabetbét (betbét), petepét, naynáy
oh o
oh dear! aráy
oil lárak‚ tabá
oil: fragrant coconut oil lána
oil hair too much labó
okra ókra
old (objects) dáan
old (persons) takkén, tatkén, sikén
old man masikén (sikén)
omit lágsan
on sanó
on time sambót
once mínsan
once more olíolí
once only maminpínsan, amínsan
one sakéy, úno, isá, úna
one by one sakéysakéy
one each sansakéy
one hundred sanlasós
one only saksakéy
onion sibúyas
only lambeñgát, labát, lenég, bogtóng,
beñgát
open búskag, lengát, lukás
open: force open tóñgkab
open mouth ngangá
opinion kaísipán (ísip)
opponent kalában (lában)
opportune sapák
opposed sóngpa
opposite biék
or o
orange dalándan
orator oradór
order dantál, gangán
order, to sipán‚ pawít
orderliness sinóp
orderly dánay
ordinance ordinánza
organization limbóng‚ móyong
orphan olilá
orphaned sígpot
ouch! agí
our mi, ta, tayo
out pawáy
outhouse patiáñg
outrigger kásig
other aróm
oval ovaló
oven órno, pogón
overcome daég
overdo (an activity) lápot
overflow sabó
owner makankién (kién)
owner of hacienda hacendéro
ownership kayarián (yári)
oyster talabá
P
padlock kandádo
pail timbá
pain sakít, otót
painful ápges
paint pínta
pair páres, topág
palace palásyo
palm of hand dakuláp
pan kawáli
pants pantalón, karsón
papaya apáyas
paper papél
parade paráda
paralyzed pagpág
pardon perdóna
parent áteng
parent-in-law katólangán
parent-in-law: co-parent-in-law abalayán
parry sañggá
part gáton
part, to sián
partner samák; kaparého
pat píkpik
patch tágpi
path dalán
patience tepél
patter of raindrops tayaketék
patron patrón
pay báyar
payment bayarán (báyar)
peak of event kaplesán (pelés)
peanuts maní
pea: chick pea garbánzos
pea: green pea gizantes
peck toktók
peel ebák, obák
peel: dried peel popót
peep takíliñg‚ sílip
pen (writing) plúma
pen: pig pen koloñgán (kolóng)
pencil lápis
pensive lonós
pepper pamínta, síli
pepper leaf lawér
perfection genáp
perfume aguá
perplexed salíñg
persist lólot, ukílkil
person sansankataó, kataó, toó
perspire profusely sabáy
perspiration liñget
peso píso
pestilence sálot
pestle álo
pet name paláyaw
petition a superior court dológ
pick getél, bódbor
pick out demét
pick up dokdók
pick up enclosing in both hands kopkóp
picture retráto
piece pidáso, botíl
pierce botáw
pig babóy
pigeon malapáti
piglet belék
pile bontón
pile in line salónson
pile of produce atádo
pillar sékder
pillow dañganán (dañgán)
pilot aviadór
pimples kamóro
pin aspilí, alfilér
pin, to pekét
pincers of crab sípit
pinch karót
pineapple pínya
pink dirósa
pipe túbo
pith of coconut pála
pity kalamór
place pásen
place: meeting place dagóp
place, to letnég
place in ascending lines teén
place right side up tirakiáñg
plane palánas
plane (carpenter’s) subsúb
plant macétas, tanáman
plant, to taném
plant species pagátpat, sagó
planting season panagtánem
plaster pikít
plate lípoñg, pláto
plate: deep plate yaóñg
plate: small plate platíto
platter bandejádo
play dráma
play, to galáw
play musical instrument tógtog
playful yánoyáno
please pa
pleasing santíñg, bálibáli
pledge sambá, sapatá
plot palápa
plough lókoy
pluck off sipsíp
pluck out ákdot
pocket búlsa
poem anlóñg
poetical speech anláy
point otók, toró
point at toyóñg
pointed maotók (otók)
poison samál
poke dórot
pole sampót
pole for striking down fruit kaláwit
police policiá
policeman polís
polisher bitón
poor mamaírap (írap)
poor work dukámil
pope pápa
popular tóyak
position puésto
possible nayári (yári)
post lósek
postman cartéro
pot bañgá
potable matabáñg (tabáñg)
potatoes patátas
pound tapóng, mekmék, báyo
pour kálbo, bálsan
pout bósarot
powder púlvo
powder: reduce to powder mokomók
practice pasál
praise tandúro
prawn biñgaló
prayer dasál
prepare pará, sagána
present (be present) dopág
present (gift) gongóna, sarabó
present: Christmas present aginaldó
present oneself prisínta
president presidénte
press pisél
pretty marakép (dakép)
price bilí, balór, prício
priceless kablían (bilí)
prick torók, torék
prick foot on thorn lósob
priest pádre, pári
primary primariá
prince prínsipi
princess princésa
print imprénta, galót
printing press pagalótan (galót)
private privádo
privilege kágter
problem gonígon
proceed dalí
proceed: able to proceed tolóy
proceeding awáwey
procession prosesión, líbot
produce (agricultural) prodúctos
products prodúctos
profit tóbo
program prográma
prohibit sebél
prolongation yatyát
promise prometé
prong sugá
pronounce bitlá, balikás
proper manepég, (nepég)
prosper aliguás
prostitute patótot
protect lágak
Protestant Protestánte
Protestantism Protestantísmo
proud pasáñg
provided that dápot
province lúyag
proximate ganó
prune new shoots saliñgsíñg
publicize bawág
pull goyór
pull out pálot, oyós
pulley kaló
pump bombá
puncture sagság
pungent gasáñg
punishment dosá
punishment (corporal) dámit
puppy okén
pure dalísay, púro
purpose gagála
pus nenná
push tulák
push-button botón
put yan
put between sokáb
put down gáton
put in opening sobó
put inside tobóñg
put into kargá
put on or over toón
put on the lap akoál
put palms of hands together daóp
put under apáp
Q
quack doctor arbolário
quail pógo
quality súri
quarrel kolkól, sebég, sobég
queen réyna, binári
question tepét, opápet
quiet deén
R
rabbit koného
rabies tiwél
radio rádio
raft bálsa, lámo
rag lópot
rag doll gáriñg
rain orán
rainy season mamaóran (orán)
raise paatagéy (atagéy)
raise hand in anger ámba
raisins pásas
rake kaláykay, kaladkád
rare matálag (tálag)
rarity tálag
rashness tálkan
rat otót
raw etá
ray (sea creature) yo
reach dándan
read bása
real úgman, agnáp (genáp)
realization kagnapán (genáp)
really talagá
reason razón
reasonable tonóñg
rebel rebélde
rebuke póot
receive arísibi, awát
recognize birbír
recoil kokót
records expediénte, espediénte
recover from illness imásmas
recover from surprise ákal
recover something lost báwi
recreational area pláza
rectory convénto
red ambalañgá (balañgá)
reddish balañgá
reddish brown óro
reddish colored soil or pottery polá
reddish purple granáte
reduce bawás‚ kawás
reduce amount of liquid in loáñg
container
referee of cockfight largadór
regulate arégla
relapse bínat
relationship relación
relative kanáyon
relax imásmas
release kibolós, ókbar
relieve suág
remedy remédio
remember nónot
remnants of cloth lagás
remove ekál
remove from fire or stove akír
remove sticky food with fingers sipót
repair soliáb, omán, apíger
repeat omán
repetition of annoying act dáma
reproach suát
resent baróng
reserve tárya
resistance salóñgsoñg
respect gálañg
respectful magálañg (gálañg)
resplendent lináb
restaurant restáuran
restless alikóteg
restlessness ligálig
resurrected olí
retribution balés
return bótay, pawíl
reveal bónyag
revive a fire loblób
revolution revolución
rib tagláñg
rice belás
rice (unhusked) ilík
rice: boiled rice báaw
rice: first stage of husking rice súlsul
rice: late maturing variety ombés
rice bird anóyaw
rice bran bábañg
rice fields kapásolán (pásol)
rice grain dawá, emék
rice husk epá
rice plant pagéy
rice stalks: bundle of rice stalks poñgó
rich makuárta (kuárta)
riddle pabitlá (bitlá)
ride a horse kabáyo
ride on vehicle logán
ride with another áñgkas
right kawanán
ring (for finger) siñgsíñg
ring, to batiñgtíñg
ring finger pañgánsi
rinse begnáw
rip latlát
rise, to alagéy, atagéy
rise (sun) pelnák, borák
ritual: performance of healing táwas
ritual
rival ribál
river ílog
riverside pañgpáñg
road karsáda, dalán
roar balañgabóñg, óñgol
roast kalót
roast pork lechón
robust malagó (lagó)
rocket cuétis
rocking chair buábo
roll tolín, lokót
romantic makarínyo (karínyo)
roof atép
rooster lalóñg
root lamót, señgég
rope takér, lobír
rosary rosário, balsákan
rotten bolók
rough gáspang
roughness (of surface) salíksik
round malimpék (limpék)
row dásig
row, to gáor
rowdy maiñgál (iñgál)
rub gorágor, górgor, puyók,
gélgel
rude bástos
run batík
run after osíl
run over talápos
running race lómba
rust latí
rustling gilás
S
saber sáble
sack sáko, langóche, súpot
sack of grain búlto
safety pin aspilí
said kuán
sail boat páraw
saint sánto
salad saláda
sale: first sale of day buéna máno, panígo
saliva kátay, lópda
salt asín
salty maasín (asín)
same pára, paréjo
sand buér
sandals tapakán
sandpiper payí
sap yakét
sarcastic uyám
satisfied with food pesél, naksél
Saturday sábado
sauce sawsawán (sawsáw)
saucer platíto
saute gisá
save gímper
savor nanám
savory mananám (nanám)
say salíta, kuán, bagá
saying sanáysay
scald lunák
scales siksík
scandal escandaló
scarce matálag (tálag)
scatter (as seed) sibwág
scatter messily takátak
scattered in a heap tarátar
scent: strong scent aliñgérñger
school eskuelaán
scissors kátli
scoop dirt pagpág
scorpion alakdán
scour isís
scrape kídkid, kádkad
scrape food on plate simót
scratch gúgu, kógkor
scream eyág
screw turnílyo
scrub lampáso
scrutinize omámeñg
sea baybáy, dáyat
search súkay
search for anáp
season panaón
seaweed (edible sp.) dámpig
second komaduá, segúndo
second time piduá
secret yamót
secret: keep a secret limlím
secretary secretário
secretion: foul smelling lugá
secretion in ear
see nengnéng, bántag
see curiously wandág
see to imáno
seed biní, bokél ilík
seedbed: covering of leaves on makmák
seedbed
seedless fruit kapít
seedling biní
seek anáp
self díli
selfish siblét
sell láko
senate senádo
senator senadór
send patulór (tolór), báki
sensitive olaól
separate biíg
separate: be separated sián
sermon polóñg
servant alíla, aripén, igagangán
(gangán), muchácha,
muchácho
serve, to linkór
serve food paroñgó (doñgó)
serve as kaná
service linkór
sesame lañgís
set, to (sun) selék
set (table) poní
seven siéte, pito, pitóra
seven each sanpipitó
seventeen labinpitó, desisiéte
seventh mikapitó, komapitó
seventy pitómplo, seténta
sever tegtég
severe masegáñg (segáñg)
sew daít
shade siróm
shadow aníno
shake yogyóg
shake bottle luglúg
shake cloth payág
shake head peyéñg
shake off pokpók
shake out wagwág
shake up and down kalóg
shaken basíg
shame baíng
shape argólyo, típay
shapely ímus
share betáñg, apág
sharp mákdem
sharpen ladlád, oból
sharpened oból
shatter pisít
shattered dalikirík
shave kiskís, áhit
shawl kagáy
sheathe soksók
shed siróm, pálapála
sheep karnéro
shell: cowrie shell sígay
shelter yóñgyoñg, siróm
shelter of nipa leaves kárañg
shift íwas
shine (sun) sérnak
shiny gínlep
shipwreck pádpar
shirt kamisadentro
shiver ketél
shoes sapátos, sapín
shoot, to paltóg
shoot (of plant) boká
short antikéy (tikéy), abebá (bebá)
shortly maganó (ganó)
shoulder abalá
shout bándo, boliáw, iñgál
show paneñgnéñg (neñgnéñg)
shower of rain mayámayá
shrimp oráñg, agamáñg
shrimp: dried shrimp híbe
shrivel kulubót
shut sará, kapót
shut one’s eyes toglép
sickle kómpay, kárit
sickness sakít
sickness characterized by sokótsokót
blisters
side dikíng, ábay
sift sápit
sign tandá
sign (one’s name) fírma
signal tandá
signal with the hand áwes
signify alimbáwa
silent ulimék
silk-like thread from banana júsi
fiber
silt lináñg
similar olíbay
simple símple
simultaneously banság, tampól
sin kasalánan
since sípor
sincere matoór (toór)
sing kansión, kánta
singing contest kansiónan (kansión)
sip ilóp
sister: older sister agí
sister-in-law ípag
sit iróñg
six aném, saís
sixty saísenta, anemáplo
size kamelág, kabáleg
skewer saloksók
skill dónoñg
skilled marónoñg (dónoñg)
skin báog
skin, to pánit
skin disease kamanéw, girí
skin disease; affected by kabakáb
skip báldo
sky táwen
slanting eyes pinkít
sled galósa
sleep ogíp
sleep together akdól
sleep under same blanket balábag
sleepless púyat
sleeve takláy
slice gálip
slipperiness galís
slippers chinélas
slippery galís
slit gáyat, salgér
sloping papá
slow kálna, makálna, matantán
(tantán)
slow: excessively slow dañgáldañgál
slow in working nágnag
slowly: do slowly ínot
slurp food sábsab
small kelág, añgkelág, melág, makísir
(kísir)
smallness kamelág, kisír
smallpox bulotóng
smell añgób
smile ímis
smiling ímis
smith pánday
smoke aséwek (maaséwek)
smoke a cigarette sigarílyo
smoky maaséwek (aséwek)
smooth píno, palánas
smuggling poslít
snack meriénda
snail bisokól, alirég
snake olég
snatch sikwát, labnót, samsám
sneeze básis
snout subsúb
snow linéw
so palá
so it is manáya
so that pián
soak lebléb, talém, pisá
soap sabón
social occasion bagát, ocasión
socks médias
soft anlemék (lemék), belyér
soften danél
soldier sondálo
sometimes no aróm
song kansión, kánta
soon aganó (ganó)
sorrow ermén
sorrowful maermén (ermén)
soul kamarérua
sound tanól
sound of clapping lipák
sound of whipping larís
soup digó, sópas
sow (seeds) sukít
soy sauce taúyo
space between nodes álwas
spacious awáng, maawáng
Spaniard kastíla
spank tampál
speak salíta
speak loudly ayawáw
speak self-deprecatingly olá
speak with broken voice gánilgíl
speaker unable to articulate ámil
well
spear píka
specialist especialísta
speckling bólik
speechless taniáreg, menéñg
speed siglát
speedy masiglát (siglát), aguánta
spick and span malíñggas (líñggas)
spider geñgéñg
spiderweb sapót
spike on head of shrimp soñgó
espínaca spinach
siít spine
espíritu, kamarérua spirit
lópda spit
tálsik, bisuák splash
splashing about (fish) potók
spleen páli
split beták, salígsig
split off salapsáp
split open piság
sponsor atánor, comádre, komáre,
compádre, kompáre, madríno,
padríno, añganák, mañganák
(anák)
spoon cucharíta, cucharón, cuchára
spouse asawá
spot baték
sprawl dopisák
spread bóyak, táyak, taplák
spread on ground dapá
spread out belkág, onát
spread out to dry kañgkáñg
sprinkle bálde, bisíbis, walsík
sprout buká, sélnak, boyág, tobó
sprout: about to sprout boyág
spur tári
square (carpenter’s) sáñga
square (geometrical) cuadrádo
square (plaza) kalobása
squash (vegetable) plaza
squash: white squash tabiáyoñg
squeeze pipí, pespés, serét, mésmes
squid pusít
stab saksák
stage entabládo
stain dikét
stairway takáyan
stake latók
stake used for digging suál
stamp, to yapákyapák, karág
stamp feet in anger dabóg
stand, to alagéy
stand: bamboo stand for pots dekén
stand: cloth ring placed under dikén
objects carried on head
star bitéwen
starch álmirol
start buát, gapó
startled by falling object gigiám
state estádo
station estación
statue estátua
stay tilák
steady mapalná (palná)
steal takéw, atrevída
stealth síkot
steel balátyang
steel chain golóñggolóñg
stem sañgá
stem: rooted stem señgég
stem: young plant stems eaten ólnos
as vegetable
stench bañgét
step koráng
step on yapák
step-parent ikít
sterile maápa (ápa)
sterility ápa
stick bislák
stick, to pekét
stick: bamboo fire stick kolilí
stick for striking fruit alawá
stick out ósli
stick out the tongue dilát
sticky kólnet, sapnót, sobnét
sticky rice ansakkét
stiff kígtel
still ni, siánsia
still (calm) mareén (deén)
stir kiwál, kanáw
stockings médias
stomach egés, losók
stone bató
stool bangkíto
stoop to pick up korót
stooped bokót
stop tondá, báat
storage pála, silír
store garíta
store house garóñg
store room pála, silír
storm bágio
story awáran, toñgtóñg
stout matabá (tabá)
stove dalikán, kalaéng
straight makték, mapték (peték)
strain saká
strainer sopót
strategy polaíng
stream álog
streamers cartíles
street karsáda, dalán
street: main street pólong
strength biskég, kasíl
stretch pínat, onát
stretch to the limit sikáng
strike (industrial) wélga, huélga
strike a match kiskís
strike down fruit paspás
strike with hands dampíl, sepák
strike with legs ludlúd
strike with stick sepák
stroke (swimming) kapáy
strong mabiskég (biskég), máksil
(kasíl), málet
strong taste bayáni
student eskuéla, manáaral (áral)
stuff (fish etc.) seksék
stuff mouth with food lonlón
stumble batér
stupid tangá, ótro, musmús, leglég
style tábas
submerge labóg
submerged nalipós (lipós)
substitute sóno, salát
succeeding sóno
suck sopsóp
suck eggs loplóp
suckle sosó, pasosó
sudden biglá
suddenly awakened balikuát
sufficient nawá, magenáp (genáp),
masolók (solók)
sugar refinádo, asúkar
sugar cane unás
suggest sogsóg
suicide bíkkel
summary somário
summit toktók, pantók
sun banwá, ágew
Sunday símba
superstition máli
supervisor supervísor
supper panamandém (erém)
supplies abásto
sure segúro, tuá
surely talagá
surname apelyédo
surpass daég
surplus alabás (labás)
surprising makapakeláw (keláw)
surrender súko
surround kolóng, baríber, kobkób
suspect suspétsa, ínap
suspend cord etc. between sipól
objects
suspicion ínap
sustenance taganó
swallow biklér, akmón
swallow (bird sp.) gíkgik
swear sambá
sweat liñgét
sweep panís
sweet masamít (samít)
sweet (emotionally) madageyám (dageyám)
sweet smelling ambaliñgít (baliñgít)
sweetness samít, dilóy
swell larág
swelling bókol, larág
swim lañgóy
swollen danél
sword espáda
sympathetic masinagém (sinagém)
syrup arníbal
system sistéma
T
table lamisáan, dúlang, opígan
tail ikól
take tolór, alá
take down from hammock etc. aláwat
tale toñgtóñg
talk salíta
talk much ñgatá
talk with toñgtóñg
talkative dáldal, bosísi, tabíl, ñgatá
tall atagéy (tagéy)
tallow sébo
tamarind salomági
tame maámo (ámo)
tank tángke
tantrum: throw a tantrum abosádo
taste símsim, tawáy, nanám
tasteless tabáñg
tasty mananám (nanám)
tax buís
tea tsá, chá
teach bañgát
teach by example laláng
teach someone a lesson deriá
teacher maéstro, maéstra
team salóñg
tear up pilát
tears luá
tease sutíl
-teen dési-, labín-
telegram telegráma
telephone teléfono
television tibi
tell bagá, yosáos
temple (body part) alopísing
temple témplo
temptation tókso
ten poló, díes, sámplo (poló)
ten (only) samsamplóra
tenant kasamák (samák)
tenderloin lomó
tenderness dageyám
tenth ikasámplo
termination kaóyos (oyós), anggá
termite ánay
termite: flying termite ansisímot
termite hill poñgól
territory balaóñg, sákop
test sóbok
testimony testimónyo
than nen
thanks salámat
that man, may, tan, sáman, sátan,
áman, átan, sámay, ámay
thatch pinaór
the sámay, say, ámay
their da
them sikará
then insán, sírin, saló
there nítan, níman, ditán, dimán
there: existing there wadmán, wadtán
therefore kanián
these saráya, araya, iraya
they irá, ra, sikará
thick mapalét (palét), makapál
(kapál)
thickness palét, kapál
thigh olpó
thimble didál
thin ímpis, karát, magápil (gápil),
mábeñg (ebéñg)
thin (liquid) malasáw (lasáw)
thin skin larés
thing kién
things abóbot
think nónot
thinness ebéñg
third tercer, komátlo
third (fraction) kakatló
thirst pegá
thirsty napgá (pegá)
thirteen trése, labintaló
thirty talómplo, trénta
this sáya, áya, ya
thorn sabít
thought (by) áñgan
thousand libó, mil
thread ináraméy
three taló trés
thrift panaggímper (gimper)
throat kolókolóng
throughout añggán
throw tópak, banták, bontók
throw grain etc. sibó
throw yoyo downwards sóyo
thrust solót, doyók
thumb tañgán
thunder karól
thunder, to ógoñg
Thursday juéves
ticklish kilití
tide etáb
tide: low tide aláal, káti
tie siñgér
tie (draw) tábla
tight málet
tightness ipét
till, to dánop
time ígsa, óras
tinkle kalánsiñg
tiny tíngit
tire ketáng, kesáw
tired álal, banál, pisák, naksawán
(kesáw)
tired of sawá
to ed
tobacco tabáco
today nátan
toe gamét
toilet kasílyas, pátiañg
toilet bowl pátiañgán (pátiañg)
tolerance lugít
tolerate ánus
tomato kamátis
tomb pántion
tomorrow nabuás (buás)
tongue dilá
tonsure ordén
too bad sáyañg
too much masyádo
tools kagawaán (gawá)
tooth ñgipén
tooth brush sugígi
toothless ñgilíb
toothpick iñgát
top tagéy, ñgoró
top (toy) trómpo
top: on top tapéw
topic esiáb, sásalítaen (salíta),
bolúbol
tortured éntang
tossing and turning siwál
total dágop
touch diwít, dapígas, kablít, kamá,
karápas, dagét
towards dapít
towel tuálya
tower tórre, iláñg
town báley
townmate kabaleyán (báley)
toy galáwgálaw, amáyo
toy horse kabkabáyo
terms of address and respect agí, ápo, atchí, Don, Dóna,
máma, nána, nánay, tátay,
ináñg, itáw, kúya
trace tontón
tradition kaogalián (ogáli)
transplant rice bonál
trap patít
trap: fish trap penér
trap for birds kolóbong
trash basúra
transistor radio transístor
tray látok
treachery lípot
treasurer tesoréro
tree kiéw
tree species átis, baég, bolawén, chíco,
chiésa, ílañgilañg, ipíl,
kandóñg, labóñg, lanzónes,
laurél, lómboy, mabólo,
marúnggay, pántol, páta
tremble gíwgiw, tayegtég
tremor yegyég
trip biáje
trip someone pátir
tripe góto
trouble lamés
trouble: make trouble goló
trough atótoñg
true tuá
trust pánpia, piá, talék
trusted napanpiaán (pánpia)
try sáli
tube: bamboo tube for blowing añgóyob
fire
tuberculosis tíbi
Tuesday mártes
turban sokóñg
turkey pábo
turn palíng, líko, bokáy
turn upside down sokláy
turtle bakokól
twelfth komalabinduá
twelve labinduá, dóse
twelve only lablabinduá
twenty duámplo, baínte, véinte
twenty-five centavos bínting
twice maminduá
twig of bamboo boláwit
twin siñgín, sipíng
twitch kiwí
two dos, duára, duá
two only duagduára (duá)
two by two sandérua (duá)
two hundred duánlasós
type ukéd
typewriter makinílya
tyranny sulít
U
ugly alíwliwá (aliwá)
ulcer úlcer
umbrella páyoñg
unbalanced bañgkíñg
uncle tió
under síloñg
undershirt kamiséta
understand talós
uneasy pirípirí, ayerér
unevenly loaded bañgkíñg
unhealthy makápoy (kápoy), masakít (sakít)
uniform unifórme
unique nirumárumá (dumá), bókor
unite laktíp
United States of America Estádos Unídos
universe sansinukubán, sansinakobán
(sakób)
university universidád
unravel sabóy
unripe maetá (etá.)
unsafe maátap (átap)
unstitch satsát, tástas
untie ógpos, ókbar
until añggád
untruthful mabáli (báli)
unwind kalkál
up to date maalindáway (alindáway)
uppermost portion of cooked páwpaw
rice
uproot bagót
upside down tikléb
upstream: go upstream súba
urine sírit
urine: odor of stale urine baléng
use kakanáan (kaná)
use, to usár, kaná
usual gendát
utmost expectation nepég
utterance bekás
V
vacation bakasyón
vaccination vacúna
valor kabelér (belér)
vanilla banílya
vanish gesáñg
vapor señgáw, songáw
vat talyási
veer líko
vegetables pisíng, ipipísiñg
vegetables: variety like silver beet pecháy
veil vélo, pándoñg
vein olát
venom ditá
venture forth sugbá
veranda balkón
verb vérbo
verdant mabuná (buná)
vessel barkó, sakayán
vexing maráma (dáma)
viand sirá
vice bísyo
vicinity búkid
vie talikoróg
vinegar tuká
Virgin birhén, virgén
virtue bírtud
visible: clearly visible from distance bínel
visit dálaw, payáwar, bisíta
visitor bisíta
vitamin bitamína
vogue: in vogue móda
voice bóses, kaísipán (ísip)
vomit otá
voracious masibá (sibá)
vote bóto, pilí
W
waddle dopíkpik
wade sakát
wag pilík
wail tagleéy
waist balañgbáñg
wait alagár, taláran
wake up leíñg, bañgón
walk akár, koráñg, saráñg
walk clumsily lúpad
walk in sleep alimógagán
walk with protruding sikár
abdomen
walk with wide strides kawás, lambáñg
wall díñgdiñg, padér
wallet pitáka
wanderer samót
want, to labáy, gústo
war bakál
ward bárrio
wardrobe aparadór
warehouse bodéga
warm ímeñg, páktañg, petáñg
wash (bathe) orás
wash by repeated dipping yókyok
wash clothes pesák
wash face dilamós
wash private parts kawkáw
washerwoman pomepesák, labandéra
washing place bañggíra; batalán
wasp ákot
waste áwak
watch, to bantáy, pólyan, siim
water danúm
water, to salóg
waterfall soból
watering can asitéra
watermelon pakuán
wattles of rooster lambí-lambí
wave (sea) dalóyon
wax: sticky wax ágkit
way dalán
way to apáp
we ta, tayó, ti, kamí, ití, sikamí, itá,
itayó
weak makápoy (kápoy), lopók
weakness kápoy, gápil
wealth biénes, yáman
wealthy mayáman (yáman)
weapon ayúra, ármas
wear solóng
weave lagá
weave cord sañgál
wedding bánsal, kasál
wedding celebration at pagátin
bride’s house
wedding reception bánsal
wedge paláy, bañgén
Wednesday miércoles
week símba
weigh timbáñg
well maóng
well (for water) bobón
welt bógbog
welts resulting from insect batíl
bites
west sagór
wet ambasá (basá)
wet, to basá
what antó
whatever antokamán (antó)
why ákin
wheat trígo
wheel dalíg
when bángno, kapigán
where inér
whereabouts kolaán
which dínan
which in order kumapigá
while légan, kaleganán
while: a while ago nimán
whip kábil, bakbák
whisper ésaes
whistle ñgísiw
white amputí (putí)
white hair obán
whiten palakpák
who siopá (opá)
wholesale: buy wholesale añgkát
wide lápar, maawáñg (awáñg)
widen ñgabñgáb
widow baló
width of hand damá
wife akuláw mísis
wild (animal) maátap (átap)
wild (plants) bálang
wiles sílib
willing bolós
wind dagém
window bentána, doroñgáwen (doñgáw)
wine alák
wine: kind of wine sióktoñg
wing payák
wink kindát
winnow taép
winnowing basket bigaó
wipe punás
wire káwat, alámbri
wise masílib (sílib), todyó, matalinó
(talinó)
wish piráwat (dáwat), ingóngot,
gunaét, labáy
witchcraft gámor, kólam
withhold súmbra
within one’s means sarág
witness tási, takbúno
wood tábla, kiéw
wool lána
work gawá, kímey, trabájo
worm alombáyar
worn out lopók
worried aborído, mapága (pága)
worries kapagaán
worse tóbat, alolót
wound sugát, lagás
wounded alagás (lagás)
wrap balkót, púñggos
wrist ngalóngalóan
write súlat
written kurít
Y
yam ubí
yawn wáb, oáb
year taón
yellow duyáw
yes ón
yesterday karumán
you ka, sika (ka), kayó, sikayó, ki
young malañguér (lañguér)
young leaves of cashew puták
younger sibling yogtán
youngest child kayogtanán (yogtán)
your mo, yo
youthful kalañguerán (lañguér)
yoyo yóyo
Z
zeal kulí, seét
zenith ogtó
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PANGASINAN DICTIONARY

PALI LANGUAGE TEXTS: PHILIPPINES

University of Hawaii Press

Licensed under the terms of Creative Commons

Open Access ISBNs:

Please visit www.hawaiiopen.org for more Open Access works

The work reported herein was performed pursuant to a contract

This learner’s dictionary is part of a series which includes

This forms one of a series of three volumes written to assist

ORGANIZATION OF THE DICTIONARY

passive affix concerned (i-, -en) in parentheses. Similarly, verbs

SCOPE OF THE DICTIONARY

PHONOLOGY AND ORTHOGRAPHY

Although h has been used as the phonemic symbol in the

In listing the entries in the dictionary, the forms have been

Where there may be doubt as to the pronunciation of a

PARADIGMS OF VERBAL AFFIXES

root into combinations which are either unlikely or incongruous,

on- (np) (e.g. + pawil ‘return’, Onpawil ak. ‘I will return.’)

Purposive, implicit transitivity

Indicative, implicit transitivity

maN- (np) (e.g. + kan ‘eat’, Nañgán ak. ‘I will eat.’)

Indicative, explicit transitivity

mañgi- (np) (e.g. + pawíl ‘return’, Mañgipawíl ak na líbro. ‘I’ll

paka- (np) (e.g. + neñgnéñg ‘see’, nominalized, Makápoy so

na- (np) (e.g. + neñgnéñg ‘see’, Naneñgnéñg ko may marikít.

i-…-án (np) (e.g. + taném, Itanemán koy Pedro na pónti. ‘I’ll

inpan- (p) (Inpantaném nen Pedro imáy limá to ed sáray pónti.

[Other referential affixes include potential (na-…-an, a-…-an),

Further examples of the use of these and numerous other

agáy exclamation of surprise ‘how indeed!’

akbáb to put one’s chin up, incline the head

alásir to arrange, put in order

amíga (f.), amígo (m.) friend (plural amimíga,

ándar to drive off in a car

komápat fourth in order

arísga jolly, become jolly (on-)

atánor relationship holding between parents of

áwey I don’t know! (said by speaker of himself;

bíka cow, bull, head of cattle; use as work

balíwan black clothing worn by a person in

banikél having insufficient means for one’s

bástos indecent, rude (also used as an

begtá get-together, social occasion

ambetél cold, cool

bokáy to turn (a page etc.)

bológ boy, male

bosarót to pout (on-)

dinalaán pork etc. cooked in pig’s blood

dampíl to strike someone with the hand on any

datál wooden or bamboo floor

dérak to consume, use (water, electricity, etc.)

diñgót dirt, mess; become dirty (on-)

dukámil poor work, messy condition or

doñgáp to breathe heavily from illness or

elétneg continuing, remaining (in force etc.)