Reseach Exam
Reseach Exam
Reseach Exam
FINAL EXAMINATION
d. Hypothesis – literally means an idea or theory that the researcher sets as the goal of
the study and examines it and is replaced as a theory when the hypothesis is true in
the study's conclusion.
i. Respondents – respondents are those persons who have been invited to participate in
a particular study and have actually taken part in the study. This definition applies to
both qualitative and quantitative studies.
j. Data – Data are measured, collected, reported, and analyzed, and used to create
data visualizations such as graphs, tables or images. Data as a general concept refers
to the fact that some existing information or knowledge is represented or coded in
some form suitable for better usage or processing.
2. What is the purpose of reviewing related literature and studies? How can it help in
problem identification? When should it start and why?
The purpose of a literature review is to gain an understanding of the existing
research and debates relevant to a particular topic or area of study, and to present that
knowledge in the form of a written report. Conducting a literature review helps you build
your knowledge in your field. You’ll learn about important concepts, research methods,
and experimental techniques that are used in your field. You’ll also gain insight into how
researchers apply the concepts you’re learning in your unit to real world problems.
Another great benefit of literature review is that as you read, you’ll get a better
understanding of how research findings are presented and discussed in your particular
discipline. If you pay attention to what you read and try to achieve a similar style, you’ll
become more successful at writing for your discipline
3. Explain the function/s and content/s of each of the following Research parts:
a. Significant of the study – the significance of the study is basically the importance of
your research. The significance of a study must be stated in the Introduction section
of your research paper. While stating the significance, you must highlight how your
research will be beneficial to the development of science and the society in general.
You can first outline the significance in a broader sense by stating how your research
will contribute to the broader problem in your field and gradually narrow it down to
demonstrate the specific group that will benefit from your research.
c. Validity and Reliability of Research Instrument- The validity and reliability of the
scales used in research are important factors that enable the research to yield healthy
results. For this reason, it is useful to understand how the reliability and validity of
the scales are measured correctly by researchers. The main purpose of this study is to
provide information on how the researchers test the validity and reliability of the
scales used in their empirical studies and to provide resources for future research.
Surveys / Questionnaires
A questionnaire is a series of questions asked to individuals to obtain statistically
useful information about a given topic. When properly constructed and responsibly
administered, questionnaires become a vital instrument by which statements can be made
about specific groups or people or entire populations. They are a valuable method of
collecting a wide range of information from a large number of individuals, often referred
to as respondents
Interviews
The interview is an important data gathering technique involving verbal
communication between the researcher and the subject. Interviews are commonly used in
survey designs and in exploratory and descriptive studies.
Focus Groups
Focus groups have received little attention from sociologists, although they are a
commonly used qualitative technique in market research. The data collected in focus
group sessions typically consist of tape-recorded group discussions among four to ten
participants who share their thoughts and experiences on a set of topics selected by the
researcher.
5. Formulate a research problem and make the following elements of the research
process:
a. Background of the study
b. Theoretical Framework
c. Conceptual Framework
d. Statement of the Problem
e. Hypotheses of the Study
f. Significance of the Study
g. Scope and Limitations of the Study
h. Definition of Terms
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
school organizations.
Day et al, 2009; New Leaders for New Schools, 2009; Day et al,
Theoretical Framework
Alexander W. Astin.
in higher education.
activity demands time from the student, and the policies and
these
Contextual Framework
Alexander W. Astin.
club on a campus.
persistence.
will less likely engage in tasks where those same skills are
performance.
Framework.
School
Organization
Supreme
voice
LCCC
Aiders
ESLACCC
Staff Team
PFS
Campus
Ministry
Statement of the Problem
performance.
Education Department?
of students?
Hypotheses of the Study
of students.
Students- The results will provide the students with some knowledge on
end of this study, the students especially the education students would
manage it rightfully.
children join school organization. The given data will give them
This study was limited to the selected variables namely: 4th year
who joined. Its limitations are those who aren’t join and
universities.
University.
Definition of Terms
(Baker, 2008).
Involvement – the investment of physical and psychological energy
in the collegiate
(Astin, 1984).
possible grade.
failing mark.