GRAMMAR 4.

RELATIVE CLAUSE 1
PART 1. REVIEW
I. FORM
E.g 1. (main sentence) The man is a doctor.
(attributive details) The man is my father
That doctor has devoted all his life in saving children with polio.
 The man who is my father is a doctor who has devoted all his life saving children with polio.
relative clause relative clause

II. RELATIVE PRONOUNS: connect the nouns and their attributive clauses.
WHO: people WHICH: things WHOSE: possession
THAT: for both people and things
E.g: The girl whose success in science has shocked the whole world is my sister.
III. DIFFERENT TYPES OF RELTIVE CLAUSES
1. Restrictive/ defining and Non-restrictive/non-defining Relative Clauses.
1.1. Restrictive/Defining Relative Clause
The man who/that was badly injured in the accident can never revive.
-> supply information to clarify the nouns
1.2. Non-restrictive/non-defining clause
The man, who was badly injured in the accident, can never revive.
-> to make a confirmation
2. Co-ordinating relative clauses.
E.g: She failed the exam and that made her parents so disappointed
-> She failed the exam, which made her parents so disappointed.

3. Relative Clauses of TIME, PLACE, REASON.

WHEN WHERE WHY
IV. Relative Clauses with Prepositions.

V. Relative Clauses with Quantifiers.

VI. Relative Clauses with Nouns

PART II. PRACTICE
Exercise 1.

ANSWERS:
Their house, which is near the beach, needs a lot of work doing to it.
2. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Sandra's just got a new job with Capital Insurers, which is a much better company than the last one she worked for.

4. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The new manager, whom I met last week, seems to be a very capable woman.

This case, which I carried it all the way from the station, is full of books.
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The Games International Company, which we have done business with for many years, has just gone bankrupt.
6. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The hospital, which is due to close down next year, has handed out redundancy notices to all its staff.
7. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. The prisoners, whose families are campaigning on their behalf, are requesting more time out of their cells.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The new government, who came to power with a lot of public support, is now facing major problems.
9. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Her last novel, which I read it on holiday, is really good.
10. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The Home Affairs Minister, whom the opposition have accused the minister of lying, is suspected of being involved in a financial scandal.
11. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The Education Department, where Mrs Parkinson is in charge of, is changing its policy on single sex schools.
12. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
13. The Lilley and Swan department store, which has a sale on at the moment, has made reductions on most of its goods.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14. The principal actor, who normally has a wonderful voice, could hardly speak last night due to a sore throat.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The sales manager, whom I support her ideas, is planning a new advertising campaign.
Exercise 2.

Her father, who is staying in a nursing home, is said to be dying of cancer.

The Prime Minister, who is staying in his holiday home in Scotland at the moment, said that he was very

saddened by the news of the air crash.

The story she gave, which her parents believed, was that she hadn't realized how late it was.

Agatha Christie, whose books are read all over the world, was a very prolific writer.

The sub-tropical gardens, where we love to walk round, are open all year round.

The manager of the restaurant, who came over to apologize us, said that she was very sorry about the undercooked fish.

8 Our professor of Psychology has written some very interesting books.

Our professor of Psychology, whom I always attend her lectures, has written some very interesting books.
…………………………………………………………………………………….
 …………………………………………………………………………………….

9 We packed a picnic and walked down to the beach.

We packed a picnic and walked down to the beach, which was very crowded.
…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….
10 Next Saturday, I’m going to visit my Aunty Sheila.
Next Saturday, I'm going to visit my Aunty Sheila, whom I like very much.
…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….
Exercise 3. Rewrite the following sentences using Relative Clauses.

ANSWERS:

3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
The worst thing, which can happen, is that we'll miss the train.

I've read both of the reports, which I agree with neither of them.
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
The only thing, which I need to do, is to get some cash out of the bank.

The cleaners, several of whom have complained to me about their low pay, have decided to take industrial action.
6. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
Everything, which I've done, has been a failure.
7. …………………………………………………………………………………………………

8 …………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
Members of the committee, many of whom are themselves suspected of corruption, have decided to call for an investigation.
10. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

11. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

12. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

13. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

14. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

15. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Exercise 4. Co-ordinating relative clause.

ANSWERS:
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 5. Relative Clauses of time, place and reason.

ANSWERS:
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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