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III - Political Science I (Synopsis)

Karl Marx's class struggle theory argues that society consists of two main conflicting classes: the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie own the means of production and exploit the proletariat, who must work for wages. This leads to social contradictions and class struggle as the proletariat become increasingly oppressed. Marx believed that this would inevitably lead to proletariat revolution and the establishment of a communist society without social classes. The document outlines Marx's class struggle theory, its origins and criticisms, and classifies chapters to review the causes and types of class conflict according to Marx. It concludes that the bourgeois reign will end when the united working class confronts the divided capitalists, having gained class consciousness of their common

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Ekansh Arora
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122 views2 pages

III - Political Science I (Synopsis)

Karl Marx's class struggle theory argues that society consists of two main conflicting classes: the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie own the means of production and exploit the proletariat, who must work for wages. This leads to social contradictions and class struggle as the proletariat become increasingly oppressed. Marx believed that this would inevitably lead to proletariat revolution and the establishment of a communist society without social classes. The document outlines Marx's class struggle theory, its origins and criticisms, and classifies chapters to review the causes and types of class conflict according to Marx. It concludes that the bourgeois reign will end when the united working class confronts the divided capitalists, having gained class consciousness of their common

Uploaded by

Ekansh Arora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Synopsis - Political Science

Karl Mark : Reviewing the Class Struggle Theory

STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
The aim of this project is to understand the Class Conflict theory and its causes, trace its origin,
outline the conflicts of class struggle, identify types of conflict theories, discuss Marx’s view
regarding the same and review the criticism attached to this theory.

INTRODUCTION
The Marxian analysis begins with an analysis of material conditions, taking at its starting point the
necessary economic activities required by human society to provide for its material needs. The form
of economic organization, or mode of production, is understood to be the basis from which the
majority of other social phenomena — including social relations, political and legal systems,
morality and ideology — arise (or at the least by which they are greatly influenced). These social
relations form the superstructure, for which the economic system forms the base. As the forces of
production, most notably technology, improve, existing forms of social organization become
inefficient and stifle further progress.
These inefficiencies manifest themselves as social contradictions in society in the form of class
struggle. Under the capitalist mode of production, this struggle materializes between the minority
(the bourgeoisie) who own the means of production, and the vast majority of the population (the
proletariat) who produce goods and services. Taking the idea that social change occurs because of
the struggle between different classes within society who are under contradiction against each other,
the Marxist analysis leads to the conclusion that capitalism oppresses the proletariat, which leads to
a proletarian revolution.

CLASSIFICATION OF CHAPTERS
1. Introduction.
2. Class Struggle theory.
3. Origin of the theory.
4. Conflicts of Class Struggle.
5. Marx’s view of Class Conflict.
6. Causes of Class Struggle theory.
7. Types of Conflict theory.
8. Criticism of the Class Struggle theory.
9. Conclusion.

CONCLUSION
Capitalists, divided by the economic competition among themselves, evolved a justifying ideology
and a political system of domination that served their collective interests. “The State is the form in
which the individuals of a ruling class assert their common interests.” “The ideas of the ruling class
are . . . the ruling ideas.” Political power and ideology thus seem to serve the same functions for
capitalists that class consciousness serves for the working class. But the symmetry is only apparent.
To Marx, the economic sphere was always the finally decisive realm within which the bourgeoisie
was always the victim of the competitiveness inherent in its mode of economic existence. It can
evolve a consciousness, but it is always a “false consciousness”, that is, a consciousness that does
not transcend its being rooted in an economically competitive mode of production. Hence neither
the bourgeoisie as a class, nor the bourgeois state, nor the bourgeois ideology can serve truly to
transcend the self-interest enjoined by the bourgeoisie. The bourgeois reign is doomed when
economic conditions are ripe and when a working class united by solidarity, aware of its common
interests and energized by an appropriate system of ideas, confronts its disunited antagonists.

Submitted To: Dr. Raka Arya


Submitted By: Ekansh Arora (2017BALLB01)

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