1.
Discuss specific nursing responsibilities to prevent the following common
post-operative complications:
a. Pneumonia or atelectasis
b. Infection
c. Deep vein thrombosis
d. Hemorrhage or bleeding
e. Wound evisceration or dehiscence
2. What assessments are priority in a post-operative client?
3. Differentiate ischemia and infarction
4. Explain why angina or chest pain occurs in a client with angina pectoris or
myocardial infarction
5. Explain the following and why they cause heart diseases
a. Preload
b. Afterload
c. Myocardial contractility
6. Explain why clients with right sided heart failure develops edema,
hepatomegaly, jugular vein distention
7. Explain why renal failure contributes to development of heart diseases
8. Explain why left sided heart failure presents with dyspnea and pulmonary
edema
9. Why do clients with buerger’s disease develop leg ulcers?
10. Why do clients with gastric ulcer or gastric surgery develops pernicious
anemia?
11. Explain how diabetes mellitus contributes to development of heart
diseases
12. Explain why intake of salty foods can lead to hypertension and heart
diseases
13. What are the physiologic effects of stress that lead to development of
hypertension and heart diseases?
14. Explain when can we use the following nursing diagnosis in a client
with heart diseases
a. Ineffective tissue perfusion
b. Decreased cardiac output
c. Activity intolerance
15. Enumerate 5 generic nursing responsibilities in a client with
cardiovascular disorders
16. Give at least 3 indications for a patient to be put on mechanical
ventilator? Explain the specific physiologic involvement in each.
17. What is atelectasis? Give 3 contributing factors that lead to atelectasis.
Give 3 nursing interventions to prevent or manage atelectasis
18. how does smoking contribute to development of respiratory
conditions? Give 3 major effects of smoking to the respiratory system
19. Explain how clubbing develop in chronic hypoxia. Mention about
collateral circulation
20. What is hypoxia? Why is cyanosis not a reliable sign of hypoxia
21. Explain the effects of pneumonia to tactile fremitus and percussion
sounds
22. Why do clients with emphysema develop barrel chest. Give concrete
explation
23. What is cor pulmonale? Explain the events why clients with copd
develop cor pulmonale?
24. What is hypoxic drive? Why do clients with copd do not require high
concentration of oxygen?
25. Demonstrate how allen’s test is done. Why do we need to perform
allen’s test prior to abg blood extraction?
26. Why is sputum microscopy the desired definitive test for tuberculosis
over chest x-ray. What important instruction should you give to the
patient when collecting the sputum and submitting to the laboratory.
27. What is thoracentesis? Which clients require thoracentesis? Why is it
necessary for them? What instruction should you give to the patient
during the procedure?
28. Discuss 5 nursing interventions to a client after tonsillectomy with
rationale.
29. What is the difference in detecting infection in a younger patient
compared to an elderly? Discuss its implications to your nursing care.
30. When do we use the following nursing diagnosis? Give important cues
that must be present for you to use it.
- Ineffective breathing pattern
- Ineffective airway clearance
- Impaired gas exchange
- Activity intolerance
- Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
31. What component of chest physiotherapy is contraindicated in a client
with ptb. Explain why.
32. Discuss your responsibilities in providing nursing care to a client with
chest tube.
- What instruments must be present at bedside.
- What will you do if the tube gets disconnected from the bottle?
- What will you do if the tube is pulled out from the client’s chest?
- What will you do if there is continuous bubbling?
33. Identify at least 2 Nursing Theorist and explain the main concept of
their theory in relation to the 4 metaparadigms (person, health,
environment, nursing).
What is the effect of What is the effect of What is the effect of
cortisone during flight or epinephrine during flight norepinephrine during
fight response? or fight response? flight or fight response?
Enumerate the stages Enumerate the 5 What is the initial
of the General Adaptation cardinal signs of response of the vascular
Syndrome. inflammation. system to tissue injury?
Enumerate the stages Define stress. Define health
of inflammation. according to WHO.
Differentiate health Differentiate disease Enumerate the stages
and wellness. and illness. of illness according to
Shuman.
Discuss pain threshold. Discuss pain Discuss the gate
tolerance. control theory.
Differentiate somatic Differentiate chronic Discuss the 4
pain from visceral pain pain from acute pain. processes involved in
physiology of pain.
How would you assess When is massage Differentiate the use
pain among infants and contraindicated as non- of hot and cold
preschoolers? pharmacologic pain application in
management? management of pain
When is contralateral Differentiate mild, Discuss the three-step
stimulation needed for moderate and severe analgesic ladder by WHO
pain management? pain.
Give 3 examples of Enumerate the 3 Give 1 example of a
non-opioid analgesic. therapeutic effects of a strong opioid and 1
non-opioid analgesic. example of a weak
opioid.
What is the use of What drug may be Discuss client
Naloxone in pain given as a treatment to preparations for Guaiac
management? pruritus as side effect of Test.
opioid analgesic?
Discuss pre-procedure Discuss pre-procedure Discuss pre-procedure
and post-procedure care and post-procedure care and post-procedure care
of clients for upper GI of clients for lower GI of clients for CT Scan
series. series.
Give 5 examples of a Discuss oral care for Discuss how
clear liquid diet clients with stomatitis dysphagia, odynophagia
and dyspepsia occurs
with GERD
Discuss diet and Discuss how Discuss triple therapy
lifestyle modifications for pernicious anemia for gastritis
client with GERD develops with gastritis
Explain why ibuprofen Differentiate gastric Discuss management
and aspirin is and duodenal ulcer in modalities for bleeding
contraindicated for terms of symptoms
patients with gastritis
Discuss gastric Enumerate signs of Explain why Billroth
decompression or lavage shock surgeries can cause
dumping syndrome
Enumerate signs of Explain why Differentiate Crohn’s
dumping syndrome hypotonic fluids are Disease and Ulcerative
given for patients with Colitis
dehydration and not NSS
Discuss discharge Discuss dangers signs Discuss the signs and
instructions for clients for patients with symptoms of appendicitis
with ileostomy ileostomy
Explain why hot water Discuss the general Discuss client
bottle is contraindicated effects of cholelithiasis preparations before a
for patients with and cholecystitis to the cholecystography
appendecitis normal body functions
Explain why morphine Discuss post- Explain the purpose of
is contraindicated if operative care after a T-tube
patient has cholelithiasis cholecystectomy
and pancreatitis
Explain why congestive Explain why Explain why clients
heart failure may cause esophageal varices with cirrhosis develops
liver cirrhosis develop in a patient with ascites
liver cirrhosis
Explain why bleeding Discuss diet therapy Discuss lifestyle and
tendencies develop in of a patient with cirrhosis diet modification for
clients with cirrhosis and biliary problems client with pancreatitis
Discuss nursing Differentiate Discuss focused
responsibility before kwashiorkor and assessment after
paracentesis marasmus transphenoidal
hypophysectomy
Explain why indwelling Discuss nursing care Differentiate SIADH
urinary catheter must be after transphenoidal and Diabetes Insipidus in
inserted before hypophysectomy terms of signs and
hypophysectomy symptoms
Explain why Discuss signs and Discuss thyroid storm
hypocalcemia results from symptoms of
hyperthyroidism and hypocalcemia
hypoparathyroidism
Explain why radioactive Discuss your health Discuss assessment
iodine is not advised for teaching for clients parameters after
clients planning to have taking Lugol’s iodine thyroidectomy
pregnancy
Discuss tetany, Explain why Describe the physical
chvostek sign and tracheostomy set is attributes of a patient
trousseau sign prepared at bedside if with Cushing’s Disease
patient has undergone
thyroidectomy
Enumerate the cardinal Relate why stroke, Differentiate DM type
signs of diabetes and kidney problems and 1, DM type 2 and
explain its heart problems may Gestational diabetes in
pathophysiologic causes result from untreated terms of causes and
DM treatments
Discuss diabetic foot Differentiate diabetic Discuss emergency
care ketoacidosis from management for
hyperglycemic hypoglycemia
hyperosmolar non
ketotic coma
Discuss emergency Enumerate samples of Differentiate hypospadia
management for patient simple sugars for and epispadia
with hyperglycemia hypoglycemia
Explain why excessive Discuss general Explain why pelvic
nausea and vomiting principles for pregnant inflammatory disease and
occurs in H-Mole women who are bleeding endometriosis can cause
sterility
