Introduction To Electronics and Circuit Concepts: Questions Answers

Y9 ELECTRONICS END OF TERM 1 – CIRCUIT CONCEPTS and RESISTIVE COMPONENTS REVISION
Suggested actions: read through the questions and answers and memorize. Self-quiz or peer quiz by covering
up the answers – review answers that were incorrect and repeat.
Introduction to Electronics and Circuit Concepts

Questions Answers
What are the names for the 3 parts that make an Input, Processor and Output
electronics system?
What are some examples of electronic inputs? Push-to-make, push-to-break, light sensor, temperature sensor,
motion sensor, moisture sensor, pressure sensor, pulse generator.
What are some examples of electronic processors? Latch, time delay, transducer driver, transistor, MOSFET,
comparator, counter, logic gates (AND, OR, NOT, etc.).
What are some examples of electronic outputs? Lamp (bulb), LED (light emitting diode), buzzer, siren, motor,
solenoid.
What component measures current and where should Ammeter, in series with the component
it be placed in a circuit.
What component measures a voltage drop and where Voltmeter, in parallel with the component it is measuring.
should it be placed in a circuit. E.g. Bulb, Resistor, LED, battery.
What is the rule (law) for current in a series circuit? Current is the same at all points in a series circuit.
What is the rule for current in a parallel circuit? Current is shared between the paths in a parallel circuit.
What is the rule (law) for voltage in a series circuit? The voltage across the power supply is shared across each
component in series.
What is the rule (law) for voltage in a parallel circuit? The voltage is the same across components in parallel.
What is resistance? The opposition to the flow of current?
What is the unit and unit symbol for resistance Ohms, Ω.

What is the equation for resistance? Resistance = Voltage / Current
R=V/I
What is Power? The rate of transfer of energy.
What is the unit and unit symbol for power? Watt, W.
What is the equation that relates power, energy Energy = Power x time
and time? E=Pxt
What is the equation that relates power, current Power = current x voltage
and voltage? P=IxV
What is the equation that relates power, resistance Power = current2 x resistance
and current? P = I2 x R
What is the equation that relates power, resistance Power = voltage2 / Resistance
and voltage? P = V2 / R
You should know the following prefixes when converting units:
Prefix Examples Conversion

Mega Megawatt (MW) x 1000000 (x106)
Megaohms (MΩ)
kilo kilowatt (kW) x 1000 (x103)
kilo-ohms (kΩ)
milli milliamps (mA) ÷ 1000 (x10-3)
millivolts (mV)
micro microamps (µA) ÷ 1000000 (x10-6)
microvolts (µV)
Resistive Components
Questions Answers
What is a potential (voltage) divider set-up? 2 or more resistors in series connected to an input voltage where
the output voltage across one of the resistors is a fraction of the
input voltage.
What are some uses of a potential divider? Audio volume controller, dimmer switches, sensor circuits
e.g. temperature sensor on a thermostat.
What is the equation for a potential divider? R2
V OUT =V ¿ ×
R1+ R 2
What effect does making the value of R2 greater VOUT increases as the voltage across R2 now takes a bigger share of
than R1 have on the output voltage VOUT? the input voltage compared to R1.
What effect does making the value of R1 greater VOUT decreases as the voltage across R1 now takes a bigger share of
than R2 have on the output voltage VOUT? the input voltage compared to R2.
What is a rheostat (variable resistor) ? Rheostat is a variable resistor that has two terminals connected, the
wiper is connected as one terminal end and varies the length.
What is a potentiometer? Potentiometer is a variable resistor that has three terminals
connected, the wiper divides the overall resistor into two.
What is the advantage of using a potentiometer over The potentiometer will provide a voltage which can be varied from
a standard variable resistor? zero up to the maximum of the supply.
State Ohm’s Law The voltage is directly proportional to the current providing the
temperature is constant.
What is an ohmic conductor and what are some Any component that obeys Ohm’s Law.
examples? e.g. Resistor, wire at constant temperature
What is a non-ohmic conductor and what are some Any component that does not obey Ohm’s Law.
examples? e.g. Filament lamp (bulb), Diode, LED.
What are the different types of switches commonly PTM (push to make), PTB (push to break), reed switch, micro switch,
used in electronics? slide switch, toggle switch, SPST, SPDT (single pole double throttle).
What does the power rating of a component mean? The highest power input allowed through a component to operate.
What are the typical ratings for a resistor? Power ratings: 0.25W, 0.5W to 50W.
What are the typical ratings for a bulb? 3.5V 0.3A, 6V 0.06A, 12V 0.2A etc.
What are the typical ratings for an LED? ~2.0 V depends on colour (2V red, 4V blue) 10 to 20 mA.
What are the typical power ratings for a motor? Small motors: 50 to 150 mA. Large industrial motors: 20 A or more.
What are the typical power ratings for a solenoid? Current rating 50 to 250 mA.
What are the typical power ratings for a buzzer Voltage rating: 12 V, Current rating: 25mA
You should be able to re-arrange the following equations:

Word equation Symbol equation Word equation Symbol equation
Calculating Resistance Calculating Power using current and resistance.
Resistance = Voltage / Current R=V/I Power = current2 x Resistance P = I2 x R
Current = Voltage / Resistance I=V/R Current = sqrt (Power/ Resistance) P
I=
√ R
distance = Work done / Force V=IR Resistance = Power/ current2 P

R=
I2
Calculating Electrical Power Calculating Power using voltage and resistance.
Power = Current x Voltage P=IxV Power = voltage2 / Resistance P = V2 / R
Current = Power / Voltage I=P/V Voltage = Sqrt (Power x Resistance) V =√P × R
Voltage = Power / Current V=P/I Resistance = Voltage2 / Power R = V2 / P
You should know the following circuit symbols:
Name Symbol Name Symbol
Cell
Resistor
Battery
Variable Resistor
Bulb
LDR
Motor
Thermistor
Buzzer
Potentiometer
LED Diode

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Y9 ELECTRONICS END OF TERM 1 – CIRCUIT CONCEPTS and RESISTIVE COMPONENTS REVISION

Introduction to Electronics and Circuit Concepts

What is resistance? The opposition to the flow of current?

What is the unit and unit symbol for resistance Ohms, Ω.

You should know the following prefixes when converting units:

Prefix Examples Conversion

You should be able to re-arrange the following equations:

distance = Work done / Force V=IR Resistance = Power/ current2 P

Name Symbol Name Symbol

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