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Lesson 1 Purposive

The document discusses communication processes, principles, and ethics. It explains that communication is a two-way process involving a sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback, environment, and context. It outlines several principles for effective communication including clarity, concreteness, courtesy, correctness, consideration, creativity, conciseness, and cultural sensitivity. Finally, it discusses ethics in communication and lists ten basics of ethical communication such as listening to others, speaking non-judgmentally, and respecting personal boundaries.

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Alyssa Crizel Calotes
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781 views5 pages

Lesson 1 Purposive

The document discusses communication processes, principles, and ethics. It explains that communication is a two-way process involving a sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback, environment, and context. It outlines several principles for effective communication including clarity, concreteness, courtesy, correctness, consideration, creativity, conciseness, and cultural sensitivity. Finally, it discusses ethics in communication and lists ten basics of ethical communication such as listening to others, speaking non-judgmentally, and respecting personal boundaries.

Uploaded by

Alyssa Crizel Calotes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1 COMMUNICATION PROCESSES, PRINCIPLES AND ETHICS

 Learning Outcomes

By the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:

 explain the processes and the principles of communication and the ethical
considerations in communication; and

 manifest skills in communicating effectively.

Communication is inevitable. Our need for self-expression leads us to communicate not


only our thoughts but also our feelings. Communication may be done verbally and non-
verbally. A simple yawn for example from a member of the audience in public speaking
engagement is a non-verbal message sent to the speaker. On the other hand, a phone
call inquiring about a simple product is an example of a verbal message.
Thus, in business and workplace situations, effective communication is vital to the
company’s overall success. If the management cannot communicate their business with
workers, and workers cannot communicate their needs back to the management as well
as among their colleagues, the workforce will not be a cohesive team. The connection
that encompasses interaction among partakers is at the center of your learning of
communication.

 The Components of Communication Process

Understanding the communication process may help you become a better


communicator:

1. A sender is a person, group, or organization who initiates communication. The


sender may be called the source, encoder, speaker, writer, or communicator.
S/he is initially responsible for the success of the message.
2. The message is an element transmitted in communication. It may consist of the
idea, opinion, information, feeling, or attitude of the sender. The selected written
or spoken words and non-verbal language are vital to guarantee that the
message is understood by the receiver as intended by the sender. Before
encoding the message, the sender must consider the receiver’s knowledge and
assumptions along with what additional information the sender wants the receiver
to take.
3. Channel is the pathway or the medium through which the message travels to
reach its destination. It may be oral, written, or visual. When we answer a phone
call, the channel is the phone. On the other hand, when your parents receive
notification of your absences from school, the channel is a letter. It is the
responsibility of both the sender and the receiver to choose the best channel for
the interaction.
4. The receiver is the person who receives, analyzes, understands, and interprets
the message. S/he can also be the decoder, the reader, or listener. The message
is examined by the receiver assigning some type of meaning to it. The receiver’s
knowledge, experience, beliefs, among others may influence her/his
interpretation of the message.
5. Feedback is the receiver’s response that provides information to the sender. It is
the return process in which the receiver provides both verbal and non-verbal
signals to show whether the message is understood or not.
6. The environment is the feeling, the mood, or the mindset and the condition of
both the sender and the receiver when the communication takes place. This may
involve the physical set-up of the location, the space occupied including the
objects surrounding the sender and the receiver.
7. Context involves the expectations of the sender and the receiver and the
common shared understanding through the environmental signals.
8. Interference is also known as a barrier, noise, or block that prevents effective
communication to take place. Kinds of Interference:
a. Psychological barriers are thoughts that hamper the message to be
interpreted correctly by the receiver.
b. Physical barriers include competing stimulus, weather and climate, health,
and ignorance of the medium.
c. Linguistic and cultural barriers pertain to the language and its cultural
environment. Words may mean other different cultures.
d. Mechanical barriers are those raised by the channels employed for
interpersonal, group, or mass communication. These include cellphones,
laptops, and other gadgets used in communication.

 The Communication Process

The communication process is a process of mutual interaction of people through


sensory stimuli. It is a two-way process that occurs in an orderly and systematic
sequence that involves giving and receiving, ideas, feelings, and attitudes between two
or more persons and results in a response. The figure below shows the communication
process.
https://learntechit.com/the-process-of-communication/

 Principles of Effective Communication

1. Clarity

Clarity makes speeches understandable. Fuzzy or ambiguous language is forbidden


such as jargon, cliché expressions, euphemisms, and double-speak language.
2. Concreteness

Concreteness reduces misunderstandings. Messages must be supported by facts such


as research data, statistics, or figures. To achieve concreteness, abstract words must
be avoided.
3. Courtesy

Courtesy builds goodwill. It involves being polite in terms of approach and manner of
addressing the individual. Courtesy stems from sincere you-attitude.
4. Correctness

Glaring mistakes in grammar complicates the meaning of a sentence. Also, the misuse
of language can damage your credibility. A message may be perfect grammatically and
mechanically but still insult or lose a customer (internal & external) and fail to achieve its
purpose. The term correctness, as applied to a business message, means the writer
should:
 Use the right level of language (When to be formal, tone, etc)
 Include only accurate facts, words, and figures
 Maintain acceptable writing mechanics
 Choose nondiscriminatory expressions
 Apply all other pertinent C qualities

5. Consideration

Messages must be geared towards the audience. The sender of the message must
consider the recipient’s profession, level of education, race, ethnicity, hobbies, interests,
passions, advocacies, and age when drafting or delivering a message.

6. Creativity

Creativity in communication means having the ability to craft interesting messages in


terms of sentence structure ad word choice.

7. Conciseness

Simplicity and directness help you to be concise. Avoid using lengthy expressions and
words that may confuse the recipient. To achieve conciseness, try to observe the
following suggestions:

 Eliminate wordy expressions.


 Include only relevant statements.
 Avoid unnecessary repetition.
8. Cultural Sensitivity

Today, with the increasing emphasis on empowering diverse cultures, lifestyles, and
races and the pursuit of gender equality, cultural sensitivity becomes an important
standard for effective communication.
9. Captivating

You must strive to make messages interesting to command more attention and better
responses.

 Communication Ethics
Ethics is a branch of philosophy that focuses on issues of right and wrong in human
affairs. Communication ethics deals with the behavior of an individual or a group which
is governed by their morals and in turn affects communication.

Ten (10) Basics of Ethical Communication


Jone Johnson Lewis (2015) listed ten basic ethics in communication. These are:
1. See to “elicit the best” on communications and interactions with other group
members.
2. Listen when others speak.
3. Speak non-judgmentally.
4. Speak from your own experience and perspective, expressing your thoughts,
needs, and feelings.
5. Seek to understand others.
6. Avoid speaking for others, for example by characterizing what others have said
without checking your understanding, or by universalizing your opinions, beliefs,
values, and conclusions, assuming everyone shares them.
7. Manage your boundaries: share only what you are comfortable sharing.
8. Respect the personal boundaries of others.
9. Avoid interrupting and side conversations.
10. Make sure that everyone has time to speak, that all members have relatively
equal “air time” if they want it.

Andrew Button (2017) said that communication is ethical when it is upfront, honest, and
cooperative. Communication that is intended to conceal the truth or harm another
person cannot be described as ethical. While ethics are not the same as morals, there
is a strong relationship between the two: morals are ideas of what is right and wrong,
while ethics are behavioral principles influenced by moral beliefs. The ethics are
behavioral principles influenced by moral beliefs. The ethics of communication are
therefore strongly influenced by moral principles.

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