AP Statistics Name_____________________________________

Semester 1
MIDTERM EXAM 2021 Date______________________________________

Part I – Multiple Choice

1. The stemplot below shows the number of hot dogs eaten by contestants in a recent hot dog eating contest.

80 1
70
60 47
50 226
40 025799
30 579
20 79
10 1

Which of the following statements are true?

I. The range is 70.

II. The median is 46.
III. The mean is 47.

a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II e. I, II and III

2. The graph below shows how mothers of young children respond to the question, “How many times a week do
you choose fast food as a dining option for your family?”
What’s wrong with this method of presenting information?
a. This kind of data should always be presented in a pie chart
b. The vertical axis should be “number of responses,” not
“percentage of responses”
c. The horizontal axis should be divided into more than three
categories
d. Using proportionally-sized hamburgers exaggerates differences
between responses.
e. We don’t know if the mothers who responded were thinking
about dinner, or both lunch and dinner.

3. The distribution of the time it takes for different people to solve a certain crossword puzzle is skewed to the right,
with a mean of 30 minutes and a standard deviation of 15 minutes. The distribution of z-scores for those times is
a. Normally distributed, with a mean of 30 and a standard deviation of 15.
b. Skewed to the right, with a mean of 30 and a standard deviation of 15.
c. Normally distributed with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.
d. Skewed to the right, with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.
e. Skewed to the right, but the mean and standard deviation cannot be determined without more information.

4. A small company estimating its photocopying expenses finds that the mean number of copies made per day for
the past 12 months is 258 copies per day with a standard deviation of 24 copies per day. Which of the following is
a correct interpretation of standard deviation?
a. The number of copies made per day was always between 234 and 282.
b. About 95% of the time, the number of copies made per day was between 234 and 282.
c. The difference between the mean number of copies made per day and median number of copies made per day
was 24.
d. On average, the number of copies made each day was about 24 copies per day away from the mean, 258.
e. 1.5 times the interquartile range of copies made per day is 24.
5. Which of the following graphs could be the graph of a cumulative frequency plot?

6. The weights of adult male Labrador Retrievers are approximately Normally distributed with a mean of 87 pounds
and a standard deviation of 8 pounds. Which of the following statements is true?
a. About 95% of adult male Labrador Retrievers weight between 79 and 95 pounds.
b. The median of weight of adult male Labrador Retrievers is more than 87 pounds.
c. The proportion of adult male Labrador Retrievers that weigh less than 80 pounds is approximately equal
to the proportion that weight more than 94 pounds.
d. Almost all adult male Labrador Retrievers weigh more than 79 pounds.
e. The standardized weights of 80-pound and 94-pound adult male Labrador Retrievers are roughly equal.

7. All but one of the following statements contains an error. Which statement could be correct?
a. There is a correlation of 0.54 between the position a football player plays and his weight.
b. We found a correlation of r = -0.63 between gender and political party preference.
c. The correlation between the distance traveled by a hiker and the time spent hiking is r = 0.9 meters per second.
d. We found a high correlation between the height and age of children: r = 1.12
e. The correlation between mid-August soil moisture and the per-acre yield of tomatoes is r = 0.53.

8. The correlation between the age and height of children under the age of 12 is found to be r = 0.60. Suppose we
use the age x of a child to predict the height y of the child. What can we conclude?
a. The height is generally 60% of a child’s weight.
b. About 60% of the time, age will accurately predict height.
c. Thirty-six percent of the variation in height is accounted for by the linear model relating height to age.
d. For every 1 year older a child is, the regression line predicts an increase of 0.6 feet in height.
e. Thirty-six percent of the time, the least-squares regression line accurately predicts height from age.

9. Consider n pairs of numbers ( x 1 , y 1 ) , ( x 2 , y 2 ) , … ,∧( xn , y n) . The mean and standard deviation of the x-values are
x́=5 and s x =4 , respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the y-values are ý=10 and s y =10 ,
respectively. Of the following, which could be the least squares regression line?

a. ^y =−5.0+3.0 x
b. ^y =3.0 x
c. ^y =5.0+ 2.5 x
d. ^y =8.5+0.3 x
 e. ^y =10.0+ 0.4 x

10. Exercise physiologists are investigating the relationship between lean body mass (in kilograms) and the resting
metabolic rate (in calories per day) in sedentary males.

Based on the computer output above, which of the following is the best interpretation of the value of the slope of
the regression line?

a. For each additional kilogram of lean body mass, the resting metabolic rate increases on average by 22.563
calories per day.
b. For each additional kilogram of lean body mass, the resting metabolic rate increases on average by 264.0
calories per day.
c. For each additional kilogram of lean body mass, the resting metabolic rate increases on average by 144.9
calories per day.
d. For each additional calorie per day for the resting metabolic rate, lean body mass increases on average by
22.563 kilograms.
e. For each additional calorie per day for the resting metabolic rate, lean body mass increases on average by
264.0 kilograms.

11. A least-squares regression line for predicting performance on a college entrance exam based on high school grade
point average (GPA) is determined to be ^ score=273.5+ 91.2(GPA). One student in the study had a high school
GPA of 3.0 and a score of 510. What is the residual score for this student?
a. 26.2
b. 43.9
c. – 37.1
d. – 26.2
e. 37.1
¿ ¿
12. The correlation between two variables X and Y is – 0.26. A new set of scores, X and Y , is constructed by letting
X ¿ =− X and Y ¿ =Y +12. The correlation between X ¿ and Y ¿ is
a. – 0.26
b. 0.26
c. 0
d. 0.52
e. – 0.52

13. A large simple random sample of people aged nineteen to thirty living in the state of Colorado was surveyed to
determine which of the two MP3 players just developed by a new company was preferred. To which of the
following populations can the results of this survey be safely generalized?
a. Only people aged nineteen to thirty living in the state of Colorado who were in this survey
b. Only people aged nineteen to thirty living in the state of Colorado
c. All people living in the state of Colorado
d. Only people aged nineteen to thirty living in the United States
e. All people living in the United States

14. Dairy farmers are aware there is often a linear relationship between the age, in years, of a dairy cow and the
amount of milk produced, in gallons per week. The least-squares regression line produced from a random sample
is ^
Milk =40.8−1.1(Age). Based on the model, what is the difference in predicted amount of milk produced
between a cow of 5 years and a cow of 10 years?
a. A cow of 5 years is predicted to produce 5.5 fewer gallons per week.
b. A cow of 5 years is predicted to produce 5.5 more gallons per week.
c. A cow of 5 years is predicted to produce 1.1 fewer gallons per week.
 d. A cow of 5 years is predicted to produce 1.1 more gallons per week.
e. A cow of 5 years and a cow of 10 years are both predicted to produce 40.8 gallons per week.

15. The residual plots from five different least squares regression lines are shown below. Which of the plots provides
the strongest evidence that its regression line is an appropriate model for the data and is consistent with the
assumptions required for inference for regression?

16. Bias in a sampling method is

a. any difference between the sample result and the truth about the population.
b. the difference between the sample result and the truth about the population due to using chance to select a
sample.
c. any difference between the sample result and the truth about the population due to practical difficulties such as
contacting the subjects selected.
d. any difference between the sample result and the truth about the population that tends to occur in the same
direction whenever you use this sampling method.
e. racism or sexism on the part of those who take the sample.

17. A local television news station includes a viewer survey question about a current issue at the beginning of every
evening news broadcast. Viewers are invited to use social media to respond to the question. The results of the
survey are shared with the audience at the end of each broadcast. In relation to the opinions of the population of
the region, which of the following is a possible reason why the results of such surveys could be biased?
I. Viewers with strong opinions about the current issue are more likely to respond that are
viewers without strong opinions.
II. The opinions of viewers of one television station are not necessarily representative of the
population of a region.
III. Viewers with access to social media are not necessarily representative of the population of a
region.

a. I only
b. II only
c. III only
d. II and III only
e. I, II and III

18. A maple sugar manufacturer wants to estimate the average trunk diameter of Sugar Maple trees in a large forest.
There are too many trees to list them all and take a SRS, so he divides the forest into several hundred 10 meter by
10 meter plots, selects 25 plots at random, and measures the diameter of every Sugar Maple in each one. This is
an example of a
a.) multistage sample
b.) stratified sample
c.) simple random sample
d.) convenience sample
e.) cluster sample
19. To test the effect of music on productivity, a group of assembly line workers are given portable mp3 players to
play whatever music they choose while working for one month. For another month, they work without music. The
order of the two treatments for each worker is determined randomly. This is
a.) an observational study
b.) a matched pairs experiment
c.) a completely randomized experiment
d.) a block design, but not a matched pairs experiment
e.) impossible to classify unless more details of the study are provided

20. We wish to draw a sample of 5 without replacement from a population of 50 households. Suppose the households
are numbered 01, 02, …, 50, and suppose that the relevant line of the random number table is: 11362 35692
96237 90842 46843 62719 64049 17823
Then the households selected are:
a.) households 11 13 36 62 73
b.) households 11 36 23 08 42
c.) households 11 36 23 23 08
d.) households 11 36 23 56 92
e.) households 11 35 96 90 46