© KROHNE 10/99 C 00 OVER 01 E

GR

Measurement instruments
for
Flow
Mass flow
Level
Density

Variable area flowmeters

Vortex flowmeters
Flow controllers
Electromagnetic flowmeters
Ultrasonic flowmeters
Mass flowmeters
Level measuring instruments
Communications technology
Engineering systems & solutions
 Measurement instruments
for Flow, Mass flow, Level
and Density
Almost 80 years ago, Ludwig Krohne and his son decided to develop
and build variable area flowmeters. It was this decision which laid the
foundations of an enterprise that was to develop worldwide in the
course of a few decades to one of the leading firms in the field of
measurement technology, thanks to the superb quality of its products.

However, this was not due to chance. As a result of continual

development, operational experience and vigorous cooperation with a
wide range of customers, a broad band of products was created which,
in every respect, fully met all requirements of the specific applications
of the various branches of industry.
In our modern production plants around the
world, we produce measuring instruments of The KROHNE trademark has become a symbol of quality and
the highest precision, operating reliability technological progress in instrumentation for flow metering, mass
and dependability. By developing future- measurement, level gauging and density measurement.
oriented production techniques, we
consistently put technological progress into The large share of international business in the total turnover of our
practice. group of companies is the result of continuous and intensive efforts in
Given the diverse measuring methods that worldwide markets.
are nowadays available and the need to
apply such methods to many areas, it has Cooperation with our partners throughout the world plays an important
also become an essential factor of our part in our business, as does the availability of a production program
company policy to carefully assist our that is geared to the needs of each market, together with a smoothly
customers in their selection of suitable functioning worldwide service network. This international cooperation is
instruments and to develop, whenever an integral part of our company policy.
required, tailor-made solutions to their
problems. This close technical contact for
applications also keeps our research and
development abreast of our customers’
requirements and provides the stimuli for
future new devices and methods.

The KROHNE strategy

KROHNE is at home in almost all plants and
processes, as well as in all corners of the
world. Being a global player, we need to be
able to react at any time to the widest
variety of requests by our customers. We are
in the most important committees and
industry groups, which enables us to
recognise - and often help set - industry
trends.

Our strategy aims at making it easy for the

customer to do business with KROHNE by
offering the best products at the best overall
conditions and coupled with the best
consultation, service and support that the
industry has to offer.

KROHNE - easy to work with.

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 Variable area Electromagnetic
Induzione Mass
Massa Flow
Controllori Level gauges
Llivello Energy Communication
Communications
Ultrasonic
Ultrasuoni Vortex Altocal

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flowmeters flowmeters
magnetica flowmeters
Densità controllers
di flusso Interfaces
Interfase calculator System
System
Measurement instruments
 Variable area flowmeters

Flow measurement in accordance with the variable area principle is

suitable for liquids and gases. Units are available with either glass
or metal measuring cones, and optionally with magnetic data transfer
system. The flow ranges are:
from 0.04 l/h to 150 m3/h (0.01 US GPH to 660 US GPM) for water
and 0.5 l/h to 3.000 m3/h (0.02 SCFH to 1860 SCFM) for air.

Special characteristics:
● Simple and rugged design
● High operational reliability and dependability
● Exact measurement even of low flow rates, measuring error ranging
from 0.4 to 4% of the full scale value, depending on the unit type
● Large measuring span of 10:1 (ratio of upper to lower range value)
● Low pressure loss
● Local indication
● Replaceable and retrofittable long-distance
data transmission modules
● Replaceable and retrofittable limit switches
● Electronic or pneumatic transmission of measured values
● Exact calculation possible in accordance with VDI regulations
● Essential components easily replaceable
● Either short or no inlet and outlet runs
● Operable even at a low operating pressure
● Low investment and installation cost

Variable area flowmeters can be put to a wide variety of uses,

especially in the chemical, petrochemical and pharmaceutical
industries, in mechanical engineering, in laboratory applications,
analysis and process engineering, and not least in water treatment and
the food industry.

A variety of highly resistant materials can be used for the wetted parts,
thus enabling the flowmeter to be adapted to the specific process
product.

Depending on the instrument type, the following connection fittings

are available:
● Flanges to DIN and ANSI, nominal diameters
DN 15 to 150 or 1/2” to 6”
● 1/4” NPT and R (BSP) 1/4” to 2” pipe threads
● Tubing nozzles with diameters from 15 to 52 mm (1/2” to 2”)
● Process connections for the food industry

For extreme operating conditions, instruments are available which are

resistant to temperatures and pressures of up to 400 ° C (752° F) or
40 bar (580 psig) [special version even up to 3000 bar (43 500 psig)].
The product range is rounded off by various additional options such as
electrical or pneumatic transmission of measured values and alarm
contacts adjustable over the entire measurement range.
All instruments are, of course, suitable for operation in hazardous
areas; with appropriate certification, when requested.

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Variable area Induzione Mass Flow Level gauges Energy Communication
Ultrasonic Vortex

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flowmeters magnetica flowmeters controllers Interfaces calculator System
 Electromagnetic flowmeters

Electromagnetic flowmeters are used in almost all branches of industry

for the measurement of liquids (with or without solids contents) and for
pulps, pastes and other fluids. The sole requirement for the use of
electromagnetic flowmeters is that the product has a specific minimum
electric conductivity.

Compared with other measurement methods, the principle of

electromagnetic flow metering offers the following particular
advantages:

● Measurement independent of pressure, density,

temperature and viscosity
● Short inlet and outlet runs
● Free pipe cross section
● No additional pressure losses
● No moving parts
● Any desired installation location
● Measurement span 100 : 1

For this high precision measurement technique involving accuracies

that can be better than 0.2% of the actual flowrate, separate or
compact units are available. In the separate version, the extremely
rugged primary head is installed in the pipeline, and the signal
converter containing the electronic circuitry required for signal
processing is installed separately (wall-mounted in a field housing or
as a 19” plug-in
version). In the compact version, the signal converter is installed in a
housing with a high enclosure protection category directly on the
primary head.
Both flanged and sandwich-type primary heads are available.

With sizes ranging from DN 2.5 to 3000 (1/10” to 120”), flow ranges
from 6 l/h to 300 000 m3/h (0.02 to 1 400 000 US GPM) are
possible. Most of the instruments are available in approved versions for
use in hazardous areas.

The liner and the electrodes of the primary heads are available in
various materials that will match almost all applications.

Each system is calibrated by comparing volumes on calibration stands

accepted by the national calibration authorities. This guarantees
outstanding measuring accuracy and reproducibility.

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Variable area Electromagnetic Mass Flow Level gauges Energy Communication
Ultrasonic Vortex

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flowmeters flowmeters flowmeters controllers Interfaces calculator System
... separate design
... compact design

Signal converter
Primary head
 Mass flowmeters

The Coriolis force enables direct massflow metering of fluids without

having to make independent measurements of the density and volume,
followed by multiplication of these two measured variables.

The crucial advantage of the CORIMASS mass flowmeters is the fact

that the mass of a product is the only physical variable which is not
influenced by other physical parameters. This is why changes in density,
pressure, temperature, viscosity and flow profile, or in the electrical
conductivity or in homogeneously distributed small gas bubbles and
solid particles, exert negligible influence on the measurement accuracy.
With measuring ranges between 10 and 100% of the flowrate, the
measurement accuracy remains better than 0.2% of the measured
value.

CORIMASS G

The CORIMASS mass flowmeters of the new G Series measure the

massflow of liquids direct without interfering with the flow; this is only
possible using a straight, smooth-bore tube without any internals.

The special advantages of this compact flowmeter are:

● straight, smooth-bore and short measuring tube
● no reduction of cross-section
● no flow dividers, brazed joints, bends, seals or internal welds
● low pressure drop
● self-draining and easy to clean (can be pigged)
● sizes available for measuring ranges from 0.25 to 3000 kg/min
(0.55 to 6 600 lb/min).
● all wetted parts made of high-grade titanium alloy
● secondary containment housing (63 bar) as standard

CORIMASS E / CORIMASS P

These mass flowmeters are available for measuring ranges from

6 g/min to 2 000 kg/min. Smooth stainless steel measuring tube,
unimpeded flow cross-sectional area, rugged construction, low pressure
drop, long service life and, not least, ease of installation are
characteristic features of the flowmeter’s high quality standard.

HiTech with microprocessors and SMD technology are the special

features of all CORIMASS signal converters. Programming and operator
control, either locally in dialogue mode using the LCD display or
through various interfaces from a central control room, are easy to
perform.

All systems are factory-calibrated by direct mass comparison against

an accurate weight-tank system, this being the most exact method of
calibrating mass flowmeters.

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Variable area Electromagnetic Mass Flow Level gauges Energy Communication
Ultrasonic Vortex

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flowmeters flowmeters flowmeters controllers Interfaces calculator System
 Ultrasonic flowmeters

Ultrasonic flowmeters can be put to universal use for non-contact

measurement of all fluids and gases in which ultrasonic waves can
propagate. The principle of measurement is based on the ultrasonic
transit time.

They have a wide spectrum of applications ranging from sewage

through ammonia, nitrogen, natural gas, air, phosphoric acid and heavy
oils to desalinated water and mixtures of water and oil.

This class of products includes compact instruments for single-beam or

double-beam measurement, as well as separate systems in which the
ultrasonic probes can be clamped or welded to existing pipelines. With
sizes from DN 25 to 3000 (1” to 120”), flow metering ranges are
available from 1 to 450 000 m3/h (4–2 000 000 US GPM). A new
multi-beam version, approved for custody transfer, rounds off the
programme. The signal converters consist of SMD boards with micro-
processors. All functions and operating parameters are programmable.

Further advantages of ultrasonic flowmeters:

● High measuring accuracy independent of viscosity,

temperature, pressure and conductivity
● No pressure loss through the smooth metering tube
and no obstructions to the flow
● Exact calibration by direct comparison of volumes
● Intrinsically safe version to European Standard for Zone 0
● Low operating cost thanks to low power consumption and
no maintenance requirement.

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Vortex flowmeters

Area variabile
Vortex flowmeters operate on the Karman vortex street principle to
measure the volumetric flowrate of gases and vapours.
● Compact units
● Available with analog or digital system

magnetica
Induzione
● Meter sizes DN 15 to DN 250 (1/2’’ to 10’’)
● Sandwich design (flangeless), with tongue-and-groove
joint or with flanges
● Contactless measurement
● No moving parts
● High measuring accuracy, independent of variations in

flowmeters
pressure, temperature, density and viscosity

Mass
● Maintenance-free
● Hazardous-duty version to European Standard EEx ib IIC T6 . . . T3

The flowmeters are equipped with microprocessors, and all functions

and operating parameters are programmable. Standard equipment

Ultrasonic
includes LCD display for easy readout, additional signal inputs for mass
flow measurement, and a current or frequency output.

Flow controllers

Vortex
The flow controller product group comprises flow, metering and These instruments are based on a simple design enabling easy
monitoring devices for liquids and gases. servicing, and comprise local indicators and/or limit switches
depending on the version involved. Various materials are available for
These include: the parts in

controllers
● Flow monitors with target disc and flow nozzle contact with the product.
● Sight flow glasses

Flow
● Flap indicators
● Electromagnetic flow controllers

Level gauges
calculator Interfaces
Energy
Communication
System

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 Level gauges and interface detection devices

The devices in this product group are suitable for the continuous
measurement of levels and interfaces of liquids, particulate and
pulverized materials in process and storage tanks. Depending on the
instrument type, measuring ranges up to 60 m are possible. The
maximum operating pressure is 400 bar, the maximum operating
temperature is
virtually unlimited.

Official approvals are available for our devices as follows:

● ’’Ex’’ certificates of conformity
● Approvals as part of an overfill protection system
● Approval in conformity with the Druckbehälterverordnung
(German pressure vessel code), and various other international
approvals.

All wetted parts are available in high-resistance materials, thus allowing

applications in the chemical, petrochemical and food industries, water
and waste water, shipping, and many other sectors.

Our devices can be fitted with a choice of user-specific process

connections. Various interfaces, such as RS 485, MODBUS, PROFIBUS ®
and HART ®, are available for intelligent data communication.

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 Variable area
flowmeters
... with float ... with displacer

Electromagnetic
flowmeters
flowmeters
Mass
Ultrasonic
Vortex
... with electromagnetic ... with ultrasonic Level switch
waves waves

controllers
Level gauge for the continuous, non-contact measurement of liquids, Level gauge for the continuous,

Flow
pastes, particulate materials, liquid gases and slurries. non-contact measurement of
levels and for process flow
measurement in open channels
and raceways.

Level gauges
calculator Interfaces
Energy
Communication
System

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 Energy calculator

In combination with a Pt 100 thermocouple and a flowmeter

(ALTOFLUX or ALTOSONIC), the ALTOCAL energy calculator can be used
for measurement of thermal energy in heating and refrigerating plants.
The ALTOCAL meets the requirements of the EN 1434 standard for heat
meters and the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC.

Compact and modular design

A maximum of three options (relay and analog outputs) can be
installed, and can also be retrofitted without breaking the calibration
seal.

Illuminated text display

8-digit totalizers for energy and volume.

Retrieval
Fast read-out with handheld terminal or PC at the installed infrared
interface.
Remote read-out via the M-Bus interface in conformity with
EN 1434-3, unrestricted availability at all times.

Parameter display with convenient 3-key control

The installed logger function allows acquisition of plant data.
The ALTOCAL energy computer is designed for either wall or panel
mounting.

KROHNE Communication System

In this age of communications technology, intelligent measuring devices Further interfaces, such as the RS 485-based KROHNE field bus or the
used in the process measurement sector are increasingly being MODBUS, have already been implemented and are used in various
equipped with suitable interfaces. KROHNE was one of the first to have process applications. The cost-minimized field bus connection for
done this on a consistent basis, and up to the present time has KROHNE devices has proved particularly successful in conjunction with
implemented a number of interfaces. the PC-based KROHNE Tank Inventory System.

HART® / AMS Vendor-independent operator control

HART ® has become the worldwide quasi-standard for smart KROHNE has responded to fundamental user demands for a vendor-
technology. Digital information is transmitted simultaneously in both independent operator control system by developing the CONFIG
directions via the current output cables without affecting the signal of program, prepared in accordance with VDI Code 2187. Using a PC, it is
the current output. possible to connect and operate KROHNE devices with smart, HART ®,
IMoCom or field bus interfaces.
PROFIBUS® / PDM (EN 50170)

KROHNE is one of the initiators of the PROFIBUS PA, a bus that is

particularly suitable for process engineering applications. DP and FMS
variants are also available. The PROFIBUS is the most successful field
bus in Europe, and has been standardized in EN 50170.

Fieldbus Foundation

KROHNE will also be providing an interface for this field bus. Almost all
makers of measuring devices, actuators and control systems
throughout the world are members of the Fieldbus Foundation, so that
the significance of this field bus is correspondingly high.

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