Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES SUR

Learning Activity Sheet in Oral Communication (Grade 11)

Worksheet 4

SPEECH CONTEXT

I. LEARNING SKILLS
A. Most Essential Learning Competency
Identifies the various types of speech contexts EN11/12OC-lfj-15

B. Objectives:
1. Identify the various types of speech contexts;
2. Examine the appropriateness of the use of each type of speech context;
3. Appreciate the value of communicating thoughts and feelings.

II. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

Communication is everywhere. We cannot go anywhere without running into communication. It

is a multi-level activity as it can take place on various levels. A single topic can be a subject to different
levels of communication. It may be communication with the self, with two persons, a small group, with
many people or through utilizing media. Whatever the level is, the process of communication is geared
towards an intended goal.
When we communicate our thoughts and feelings, our anticipated audience is clearly identified
concerning the setting of the communication process. Setting or the environment is an indispensable
element in the communication process as it determines how and why the communication process will
take place. When we are in introspection, we do self- talk; when we would like to elicit external
responses, we converse with people around us. As regards the number of persons involved in the
communication process, it is dependent on the purpose of communication and what kind of subject is
open for discussion. And if we would like to gather information about everyday life happenings, we
engage ourselves in the traditional and new media. With our engagement to the different levels of
communicative activity, our competence along the discourse area is on its way to full development.

Speech Contexts

In taking part in the communication process, the environment, or the setting where it is taking
place is of prime importance to be given attention. The setting in the communication process is what
we referred to as the context. Speech context refers to the situation or environment and the
circumstances in which communication occurs. It may be formal or informal, personal, or impersonal
depending on the relationship of the communicators and the context. It has two types namely
intrapersonal and interpersonal communication. Under interpersonal are the dyad, small group, public,
and mass communication.

A. Intrapersonal Communication
The word “intra” means inside or within. In this manner, intrapersonal communication is
talking to oneself. It is a form of “thinking out loud” or what is called “soliloquy” in literature. This form
 of communication is often done for the purpose of clarifying ideas or analyzing a situation. This may be
done aloud or just in a form of mumbling or quiet talk with oneself, but one actually do talk even just to
confirm something.
There are different levels involved in intrapersonal communication: internal discourse, solo vocal
communication, and solo written communication. Internal discourse involves thinking, concentration
and analysis and daydreaming are considered under this level. Solo vocal communication is speaking
aloud to oneself while solo written communication is writing one’s thoughts and observations with no
intention of having somebody read what he has written.
Examples:
You have done something, and you are not sure if you did it right, you talk to yourself to analyze
your action.
You are not sure of what to do in a situation, and you ask yourself a question like, “What am I
going to do?”

B. Interpersonal Communication
The word “inter” means between or among so interpersonal communication is the
communication that takes place between two or among more people. This type may be categorized as
personal or impersonal, formal or informal, direct and indirect. Interpersonal communication may also
be categorized according to the number of participants.

Types of Interpersonal Context

1. Dyad Communication
Dyad communication involves two people sharing mutual ideas, thoughts, ideals, likes and
dislikes. The communication in this type is characterized by intimacy, immediacy and proximity. In a
dyadic communication, the feedback is immediate because the participants are facing each other.
Example:
You offered feedback on the speech performance of your classmate.
You provided comfort to a friend who was feeling down.

2. Small Group
This refers to communication that involves at least three but not more than twelve people engaging
in a face-to-face interaction to achieve a desired goal. In this type of communication, all participants can
freely share ideas in a loose and open discussion.
Example:
You are participating in an organizational meeting which aims to address the concerns of your
fellow students.
You are having a discussion with your group mates on how to finish the assigned tasks.
3. Public Communication
Public communication also known as public speaking is a communication between a speaker and
a group of people called the audience in a structured, deliberate manner. It is the process or act of
performing a speech to a live audience. It is usually done before a large audience, like in school, the
workplace and even in our personal lives. The benefits of knowing how to communicate to an audience
include sharpening critical thinking and verbal/non-verbal communication skills. “In public
communication, unlike in interpersonal and small group, the channels are more exaggerated. The voice
is louder, and the gestures are more expansive because the audience is bigger. The speaker might use
additional visual channels such as slides or a PowerPoint presentation.” (Hybels & Weaver, 2012, p.19)
Examples:
You deliver a graduation speech to your batch.
You participate in a declamation, oratorical, or debate contest watched by a number of people.

A public speaker has three primary goals when delivering a speech: to inform, to convince and to
persuade his audience. Public speaking is commonly understood as formal, face-to-face, speaking of a
single person to a group of listeners. However, due to its evolution, it is viewed as any form of speaking
(formally and informally) between an audience and the speaker.
 Here are scientifically proven characteristics of effective public speakers that you can adopt.

1. Confidence- Be confident when speaking before a crowd. Be prepared with what you are going to say
and convince yourself that you can do it.
2. Passion- You must like and love what you are doing. Believe that what you are doing is what your heart
desires.
3. Be yourself- When you stand before a big crowd, just be yourself. Do not entertain negative thoughts
as it may affect your performance. Bear in mind that you are there for a purpose and
you must perform as who you are, not anybody else.
4. Voice modulation- When speaking before a crowd, modulate your voice. Remember that you are there to
give information, persuade or entertain people. Your speaking voice should be
modulated so that everyone will understand you.
5. Connect with your audience- Make a strong connection with your audience. Look at them in the eye so that
they will understand and feel what you are saying. Make use of non- verbal
gestures to attain better connection with your audience.
6. Paint a picture through storytelling- As public speaking can be done formally and informally, you should
present your ideas in a lighter manner. Storytelling is acceptable as it adds up
to your making connection with your audience. Take note that you have a
diverse audience, so you must know how to properly handle your task.

4. Mass Communication
This refers to communication that takes place through television, radio, newspapers, magazines,
books, billboards, internet, and other types of media. Mass media used to mean only radio and
television but with the advent of the internet and the world wide web, mass communication now
includes social media, which allow for the use of technology by everyone, not just journalists,
broadcasters and technical crew. Social media cover videos that go viral on the internet which reach
millions, more than radio or TV ever could. In fact, radio and TV have joined social media by putting
up their own websites to communicate to a larger audience.
Example:
You are a student journalist articulating your stand on current issues through the school’s
newspaper.
You are a budding vlogger with your own YouTube channel showing people how good you are at
fashion designing.

III. ACTIVITIES
A. Practice Tasks
Task 1
Pictopinion: Look at the picture below and tell whether there is a good flow of the communication
process.
 What does the picture tell you? Are there barriers to communication? If they will come
together and engage themselves in a conversation, will they understand each other and have an
engaging conversation? Explain your answer.
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Task 2: Agree or Disagree

Directions: Read and analyze each statement carefully. Then, write AGREE if you believe the
statement is correct and DISAGREE if it is not. Write your answer on the space provided before
each item.
_____________1. There should be at least three participants in an interpersonal communication.
_____________2. In communication, one can be a sender and receiver simultaneously.
_____________3. Mass communication is another name for public communication.
_____________4. Public speaking is different from regular communication as it is more planned.
_____________5. A speaker’s or the listener’s poor communication skills can be a barrier to
communication.
_____________6. There is no communication without feedback.
_____________7. Interpersonal communication is also known as public speaking.
_____________8. All of us do self- talk.
_____________9. All people are interpersonal communicators.
____________10. Feedback is expected in an intrapersonal communication.

Task 3: This Is It
Directions: Give a situation where each type of speech context is applicable. Provide a short
explanation why the situation utilizes such speech context.
Intrapersonal Interpersonal

Public communication Mass communication

B. Assessment
Directions: Answer the following questions below accurately and concisely.
1. Identify the different types of speech context.
2. In a sentence or two, describe the use of the following types of interpersonal
contexts namely, dyad, small group, public and mass communication.
3. Select one type of interpersonal communication which you appreciate most and write
a scenario using it.
 IV. RUBRIC
Scoring Rubric for Pictopinion and This Is It activities
20 Gives detailed explanation or opinion that goes beyond the ideas expressed in the picture
15 Gives some explanation or opinion that goes beyond the ideas expressed in the picture
10 Confusing explanation is given
5 Shows minimal understanding so that explanation is irrelevant
1 Answer has no bearing to the picture, hence off- topic
Total
Rubric (Reflection)
10 pts. content & organization of thoughts-
5 pts soundness of argument-
5 pts. fluency of expression
5 pts overall impression
25 points Total

Worksheet 4
DISTINGUISHING TYPES OF SPEECHES AND SPEECH STYLE

I. LEARNING SKILLS
A. Most Essential Learning Competency
Distinguishes types of speeches and speech style

B. Objective
Identify and distinguish the different Types of Speeches and Speech Style

II. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

Communication is very important to our lives. Each of us has creative and unique way of
interaction. Through various forms of media, we can transfer information from one person to another,
and even to ourselves. One important characteristic of human communication is the ability to express
oneself into different modalities. With the different purpose of communication, it is essential to know
what types of speech and speech style we can use to deliver our message successfully.

Types of Speech
Speeches can be categorized into different types depending on (1) Purpose: to inform, to
entertain, and to persuade and (2) Delivery: impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and
memorized.
Types of Speech According to Purpose:
1. Informative speech varies depending on the topic. These are speeches about objects or people,
processes, events, concepts. The primary purpose of this type of speech is to inform and provide
knowledge to the listeners. The lectures of your teachers are the best examples of this type.
2. Entertainment speech aims to share goodwill, joy, and pleasure to the audience. The primary goal is
to make the audience relax, enjoy, and even laugh. This means that you, the speaker, is expected to
be friendly and relaxed, but still courteous during the speech delivery. Moreover, you should know your
audience well in order to entertain them effectively. The humorous speeches of comedians and
performers are the best example of this type.
3. Persuasive speech is the form of communication that people of diverse backgrounds mostly engage
in. This kind of speech can center on any arguably interesting topic under the sun. When you deliver
your persuasive speech, your primary goal is to influence the thoughts, feelings, actions, and behaviors
or attitudes of your listeners (Gamble & Gamble, 2012). Likewise, you also aim to change their
perception and convince them that your argument is more important, practical, attainable, or feasible.
In essence, you—as a persuasive speaker—advocate for whatever your message is. The campaign
speeches of the running candidates for government posts are the best examples of this type.
 Type of Speech According to Delivery:
1. Manuscript Speech is writing and delivering a speech word for word. You read or glance upon your
manuscript or a copy of your speech while delivering it.
This method is the most advantageous to public figures since they are always constrained by a
hectic schedule, so they need ghost writers. Consequently, they would have to read the text of the speech
as it is. The President’s State of the Nation Address (SONA) is a concrete example of this situation. Media
personalities and speakers on radio and television always battle with time limits. For example, a televised
panel discussion about a social issue may require radio and TV anchors to critically choose and refine
the words of their speech in advance. Moreover, spokespersons for government and private organizations
also use this type of speech since this public speaking role requires a great deal of contemplation and
preparation. For example, speeches of different country’s spokespersons in an international seminar on
climate change.
2. Memorized Speech requires you to commit the speech to memory so that you do not bring your notes
when delivering it. As with the manuscript speech, you also run the risk of sounding mechanical during a
memorized delivery. For this reason, keep your memorized speech short and work harder on your facial
expressions and the tone of your voice.
When should you memorize? Although keeping a speech in memory is needed only on very rare
occasions, memorizing a speech can help you achieve a smooth and effortless delivery. You do not need
to focus on notes or a manuscript. You can concentrate on maintaining eye contact with your audience,
establishing rapport, and interacting with your audience. Since memorizing can be very tough and
mechanical, it is best that you memorize short speeches for special occasions. A memorized speech
works best for the introduction of a guest, acceptance of award or recognition, toast, eulogy, tribute, and
the like.
3. Impromptu Speech is delivered with little or no time for preparation. In most instances, you are called
to speak at the spur of the moment because you are expected to be knowledgeable about the subject.
For example, your teacher assigned you to read an article before the class starts. Then, during the class
you were asked to deliver an impromptu speech about what you have learned from the article. Another
instance to illustrate an impromptu situation is when you are asked by a friend or a relative about your
current or planned vacation trip or when you are campaigning for a position in school and you are asked
by your fellow students to respond to their questions.
4. Extemporaneous Speech is a planned and prepared speech. Unlike memorized or manuscript
speeches which are delivered word-for-word, an extemporaneous speech is delivered with the help of
short notes and a clear outline. Most people who speak in public often prefer the extemporaneous method
of delivery. Although it might look more challenging than the manuscript or memorized speeches, it is
more spontaneous and personal.
Types of Speech Style
1. Intimate – This style is private which occurs between or among close family members or individuals.
The language used in this style may not be shared in public.

2. Casual – This style is common among peers and friends. Jargon, slang, or the vernacular language
are used.

3. Consultative – This style is the standard one. Professional or mutually acceptable language is a must in
this style. Examples of situations are communication between teachers and students, employers and
employees, doctor and patient, judge and lawyer, or President and his/her constituents.
4. Formal – This style is used in formal settings. Unlike the consultative style, this is one-way. Examples
are sermons by priests and ministers, State of the Nation Address of the President, formal speeches,
or pronouncements by judges.

5. Frozen – This style is “frozen” in time and remains unchanged. It mostly occurs in ceremonies.
Common examples are the Preamble to the Constitution, Lord’s Prayer, and Allegiance to country or
flag.

III. ACTIVITIES
A. Practice Tasks
Task 1: Recognize it!
Directions: Identify the type of speech given in each example below. Write your answer
before the number. (There can be two answers for each item.)
_______________1. SONA of the President
_______________2. reciting pledge of allegiance to the flag
_______________3. reciting in class about social issues asked by your teacher
_______________4. representative of a politician addressing the public
_______________5. delivering news reports
_______________6. public announcement of a health professional
_______________7. public address of the Vice-President
_______________8. speaking in class with an index card at hand for key points for discussion
_______________9. delivering an oratorical speech
_______________10. leading a prayer before meal

Task 2. Tell me!

Identify the type of speech style appropriate for the following situations. Write your answer
before the number.

_______________1. talking to a counselor or psychiatrist

_______________2. giving last-minute instructions to players
_______________3. delivering campaign speeches
_______________4. delivering a speech at the UN Summit
_______________5. delivering news reports
_______________6. talking and laughing about memorable experiences
_______________7. communicating while playing sports
_______________8. having a one-on-one conversation with a loved one
_______________9. delivering an oratorical speech
_______________10. leading a prayer before meal
_______________11. reading school policies
_______________12. talking to a superior
_______________13. reading pledge of allegiance to the flag
_______________14. talking to a stranger
_______________15. inquiring at a hotel

B. Assessment
I. Identification
Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer. Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. This type of speech challenges the speaker’s ability to organize ideas and deliver effectively
in a very short period.
 A. Impromptu B. Informative C. Persuasive

2. This type of speech requires you to commit the speech to memory.

A. Extemporaneous B. Manuscript C. Memorized

3. Unlike memorized or manuscript speeches which are delivered word-for-word, this type of
speech is delivered with the help of short notes and a clear outline.
A. Extemporaneous B. Manuscript C. Memorized

4. The purpose of this speech is not to educate, inform, or inspire because the primary goal is
to make the audience relax, enjoy, and even laugh.
A. Entertainment B. Impromptu C. Informative

5. Your argument in persuasive speech should be more important, practical, and

A. Brief B. Feasible C. Researchable

6. Leading a prayer before meal is an example of

A. Formal B. Frozen C. Intimate

7. The following situations use formal speech style except:

A. Lord’s Prayer B. Pronouncement by judges C. Sermons by priests
8. Jargon, slang or the vernacular language are not acceptable in the casual style.
A. True B. False

9. The language used in this style may not be shared in public.

A. Casual B. Consultative C. Intimate

10. This style remains unchanged and mostly occurs in ceremonies.

A. Casual ` B. Consultative C. Frozen

II. Compare and Contrast

Fill in the graphic organizer below with the necessary information needed to differentiate the different
types of speech according to delivery.