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Tutorial 2 & 3

This document contains 6 tutorials about research methods and statistics: 1. It describes a research study evaluating the effectiveness of a methadone treatment program on 300 adolescent boys split into a treatment and control group. 2. It defines sampling error as selecting a sample that does not represent the entire population, potentially leading to incorrect statistical inferences. 3. It explains that sampling error can cause issues with significance testing in inferential statistics if the sample is not representative. 4. It provides 5 examples of how sampling error could occur in research: population specification, sample frame, selection, non-response, and sampling errors. 5. It identifies variables like social media use, family size, watch preference

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Si Qian Lui
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36 views

Tutorial 2 & 3

This document contains 6 tutorials about research methods and statistics: 1. It describes a research study evaluating the effectiveness of a methadone treatment program on 300 adolescent boys split into a treatment and control group. 2. It defines sampling error as selecting a sample that does not represent the entire population, potentially leading to incorrect statistical inferences. 3. It explains that sampling error can cause issues with significance testing in inferential statistics if the sample is not representative. 4. It provides 5 examples of how sampling error could occur in research: population specification, sample frame, selection, non-response, and sampling errors. 5. It identifies variables like social media use, family size, watch preference

Uploaded by

Si Qian Lui
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial 2

1. National Institute on Drug Abuse is conducting a research to evaluate the


effectiveness of a new treatment program for adolescent addicts who are
taking Methadone for Heroin addiction. A group of 300 adolescent boys are
selected and half received Methadone Treatment Program and the other half
continue to take Drug Rehab Program without Methadone Treatment. With
reference to the above statement, answer the following questions: I. Identify
the population for this research.
300 adolescent boys.

II. Identify the sample for this research.


150 adolescent boys that received Methadone Treatment Program and
150 adolescent boys without received the Methadone Treatment Program.

2. Describe the concept of sampling error. You are required to support your
description with an appropriate illustration.
A sampling error is a statistical error that occurs when an analyst does not
select a sample that represents the entire population of data. As a result, the
results found in the sample do not represent the results that would be
obtained from the entire population.

3. Explain the effects of sampling error to inferential statistics.


A sampling error is a statistical error that occurs when an analyst does not
select a sample that represents the entire population of data. It can lead to
incorrect inferences during significance testing.

4. Give FIVE (5) examples how sampling error could occur in a research.
• Population specification error.
• Sample frame error.
• Selection error.
• Non-response error.
• Sampling error.

5. Determine whether the variable being measured is discrete or continuous: I.


Social networking (number of daily minutes spent on Facebook).
Quantitative continuous

II. Family size (number of siblings).


III. Quantitative discrete

IV. Preference between digital or analog watch.


Quantitative discrete

V. Number of correct answers on a statistics quiz.


Quantitative discrete

6. Roger (2010) examines the effects of Tai Chi on Arthritis pain and selected a
large sample of individuals with doctor-diagnosed Arthritis. Half of the
participants immediately began a Tai Chi course and the other half (the control
group) waited 8 weeks before beginning the program. At the end of 8 weeks,
the individuals who had experienced Tai Chi has less Arthritis pain than those
who had not participated in the course. With reference to the above statement,
answer the following questions:
I. Identify the independent variable for this study.
Tai Chi

II. State the scale of measurement that is used for the independent variable.
Nominal scale

III. Identify the dependent variable for this study.


Arthritis pain

IV. State the scale of measurement that is used for the dependent variable.
Interval scale

Tutorial 3

1. 6 2 2 1 3 2 4 7 1 2 5 3 1 6 2 6 3 3 7 2
With reference to the above set of scores, answer the following
questions: I. Place the set of scores in a frequency distribution
table.
X f
7 2
6 3
5 1
4 1
3 4
2 6
1 3

II. Calculate the value for n.


20

III. Calculate the value for ∑x.


28

IV. Calculate the value for ∑x2.


784

2. Describe TWO (2) differences between a bar graph and a histogram. You may
support your answer with appropriate diagram.
For bar graph, there are spaces between bars but for histogram don’t have.
Bar graph always for discrete variables while histogram for interval or ratio
data.

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