The Philippine Department of Health

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MISSION

“To lead the country in the development of a Productive, Resilient, Equitable and
People Centered health system.”

VISION

“Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia by 2022. Asia by 2040”

 Historical Background

1. History of DOH 23 June 1898 Creation of the Department of Public Works, Education
& Hygiene (now the Department of Public Works & Highways, Department of Education
Culture & Sports, and Department of Health, respectively) through the Proclamation of
President Emilio Aguinaldo. 29 September 1898 Establishment of the Board of Health
for the City of Manila under General Orders No. 15. 1899 - 1905 Abolition of the Board
of Health and appointment of Dr. Guy L. Edie as the first Commissioner of Public
Health. Act. No. 157 of the Philippine Commission creation of the Board of Health for
the Philippine Islands; it also acted as the Board of Health for the city of Manila Acts
Nos. 307, 308 and 309 Establishment of the Provincial and Municipal Boards of Health,
completing the health organization in accordance with the territorial division of the
Islands. Act. No. 1407 also the Reorganization Act Abolition of the Board of Health and
its functions and activities were taken over by the Bureau of Health. 1906 Passage of
Act No. 1487 of the Philippine Commission repealing Act No. 307 wherein the provincial
Board of Health gave way to the Office of the District Health Officer 1912 Passage of
Act. No. 2156, so- called "Fajardo Act", which authorized the consolidation of
municipalities into sanitary division and established what is now known as the "Health
Fund" 1915 Changing of the name of the Bureau of Health to the Philippine Health
Service, which was later on changed to its former name. 1932 Passage of Act No. 4007,
also "the Reorganization Act of 1932", which created the Office of the Commissioner of
Health and Public Welfare, the Philippine General Hospital, and the five examining
boards (medical, pharmaceutical, dental, optical and nursing). 01 January 1941
Creation of the Department of Health and Public Welfare as provided for in Executive
Order No. 317, series of 1941. The
2.  Department was under the Secretary of Health and Public Welfare and also included
the Bureau of Quarantine; the health department of chartered cities; the provincial, city
and municipal hospitals; dispensaries and clinics, the public markets and slaughter
houses; the health resorts; and all charitable and relief agencies. However, the
Philippine General Hospital was detached from the Department and transferred to the
Office of the President of the Philippines. 1947 Reorganization of government offices
under Executive Order No. 94, series of 1947 with the transfer of the Bureau of Public
Welfare to the Office of the President and the Department was renamed Department of
Health (DOH).
3. 1972 Through Letter of Implementation No. 8, pursuant to Presidential Decree No.1,
Sept.24, 1972, the DOH was renamed Ministry of Health. The National Cancer Center
and Radiation Health Service were created. The Ministry was divided into 12 regions
covering several provinces and cities under a regional health director. Attached offices
were the Philippine Medical Care Commission, the Dangerous Drugs Board, National
Nutrition Council, Population Commission, National Schistosomiasis Control Council
and the Tondo General Hospital.
4. government hospitals; secure funding for priority health programs; promote the
development of local health systems and ensure its effective performance; strengthen
the capacities of health regulatory agencies and expand coverage of the National
Health Insurance Programs. National Objectives for Health 1999- 2004 was launched.
This states the Philippines objectives for the eradication and control of infectious
diseases commonly affecting our people, major chronic illnesses and injuries that
compromise lives of the productive sector.
5. the basis of F1 implementation in these sites 2006 The Presidential Anti-Graft
Commission recognized and awarded the DOH as the number one government agency
in fighting corruption. DOH also topped in the Pulse Asia 3rd Quarter Survey as the
number one government agency in terms of overall performance

Local Health System

 is divided into two systems: public and private health system

Public health systems

 are to a large extent fragmented and decentralized. In The Philippines, the health
system is a complex, multi-layered system in which responsibilities in the health
care sector are fragmented Responsibility is shared between the central
government (the Ministry of Health), and Local Government Units that have full
autonomy to organize and finance their ‘own’ regional systems
 The Department of Health develops and approves state quality standards and
clinical protocols, and is responsible for the organization and implementation of
the mandatory accreditation of health care facilities and the issuing of licenses.
 Local Government Units such as provincial governments are tasked with
providing primary and secondary hospital care, while city and municipal
governments are tasked with providing primary health care, promotive and
preventive health programs and basic ambulatory clinical care

Private health system

 “a fragmented health system composed of thousands of forprofit and non-profit


providers involved in the delivery of various health products and services”
Overall
 The private sector consists of thousands of for-profit and nonprofit health
providers, which are largely market-oriented and where health care is generally
paid for through user fees at the point of service. The private health sector is
regulated by the Government through a system of standards and guidelines
implemented through the licensure procedures of the DOH and the accreditation
procedures of PhilHealth. Private sector provides also medical tourism, mostly for
low cost aesthetic and dental procedures.

Formal
 The formal private sector consists of clinics, infirmaries, laboratories, hospitals,
drug manufacturers and distributors, drugstores, medical supply companies and
distributors, health insurance companies, health research institutions and
academic institutions offering medical, nursing, midwifery, and other allied
professional health education

 Five hospitals – Asian Hospital and Medical Centre, Chong Hua Hospital, The
Medical City, St. Luke’s Medical Centre and Makati Medical Centre – hold
accreditation from the Joint Commission International

Non-formal
 Non-formal health service providers include traditional healers (herbolarios) and
traditional birth attendants (hilots), which are not covered by any licensing or
accreditation system by the Government.
Other relevant private organizations and NGOs in the health system including
Professional groups such as:
 The Philippine Medical Association
 The Philippine Nurses Association
 Philippine Dental Association
 The Integrated Midwives Association of the Philippines, are involved in the
promotion of standards of practice and competence in the health professions.

Devolution of Health Services


  In 1991 the Philippines Government introduced a major devolution of national
government services, which included the first wave of health sector reform,
through the introduction of the Local Government Code of 1991. The Code
devolved basic services for agriculture extension, forest management, health
services, barangay (township) roads and social welfare to Local Government
Units. In 1992, the Philippines Government devolved the management and
delivery of health services from the National Department of Health to locally
elected provincial, city and municipal governments.

 The aim of decentralization is to widen decision-making space of middle level


managers, enhance resource allocations from central to peripheral areas and to
improve the efficiency and effectiveness of health services management. The
findings of the historical review of devolution in the Philippines reveals some
consistencies with the international literature, which describe some negative
effects of decentralization, and provide a rationale for the Philippines in
undertaking a second wave of reform in order to 'make devolution work'.

Classification of Health Facilities


 Health facilities in the Philippines include government hospitals, private hospitals
and primary health care facilities. Hospitals are classified based on ownership as
public or private hospitals. In the Philippines, around 40 percent of hospitals are
public (Department of Health, 2009). Out of 721 public hospitals, 70 are
managed by the DOH while the remaining hospitals are managed by LGUs and
other national government agencies (Department of Health, 2009). Both public
and private hospitals can also be classified by the service capability (see DOH
AO 2005-0029). A new classification and licensing system will soon be adopted
to respond to the capacity gaps of existing health facilities in all levels. At
present, Level-1 hospitals account for almost 56 percent of the total number of
hospitals (Department of Health, 2009; Lavado, 2010) which have very limited
capacity, comparable only to infirmaries.

Government
 A government health facility may be under the National Government,
DOH, Local Government Unit (LGU), Department of Justice (DOJ), State
Universities and Colleges (SUCs), Government-owned and controlled
corporations (GOCC) and others

Private
 Owned, established, and operated with funds from donation, principal,
investment, or other means by any individual, corporation, association, or
organization 

General Hospital
 A hospital that provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases,
injuries or deformities
 It provides medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, maternity,
newborn and child care
It shall be equipped with the service capabilities needed to support board certified/
eligible medical specialists and other licensed physicians rendering services in, but not
limited to the following:
 Clinical Services (Family Medicine, Pediatrics, Internal Medicine,
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery)
 Emergency Services
 Outpatient Services
 Ancillary and Support Services (Clinical Laboratory, Imaging Facility,
Pharmacy)

Level 1 General Hospital


A level 1 General Hospital shall have as minimum:
1. A staff of qualified, medical, allied medical and administrative personnel headed by a
physician duly licensed by the PRC
2. Bed space for its authorized bed capacity, in accordance with DOH Guidelines in the
Planning and Design of Hospitals
3. An operating room with standard equipment and provisions for sterilization of
equipment and supplies in accordance with:
 DOH Reference Plan in the Planning and Design of an Operating Room or
Theater 
 DOH Guidelines on Cleaning, Disinfection, and Sterilization of Reusable
Medical Devices in Hospital Facilities in the Philippines

4. A post-operative Recovery Room


5. Maternity Facilities consisting of Ward(s), Room(s), a Delivery Room, exclusively for
maternity patients and newborns
6. Isolation facilities with proper procedures for the care and control of infection and
communicable diseases as well as for the prevention of cross infection
7. A separate dental section/ clinic
8. Provision for blood donation
9. A DOH-licensed secondary clinical laboratory with the services of a consulting
pathologist
10. A DOH licensed Level 1 imaging facility with the services of a consulting radiologist
11. A DOH licensed pharmacy

Level 2 General Hospital


As minimum, all of Level 1 capacity, including but not limited to:
1. An organized staff of qualified and competent personnel with Chief of
Hospital/Medical Director and appropriate board certified Clinical Department Heads
2. Departmentalized and equipped with the service capabilities needed to support board
certified/ eligible medical specialties and other licensed physicians rendering services in
the specialties of Medicine, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery, their
subspecialties, and other ancillary services
3. Provision for general ICU for critically ill patients
4. Provision for NICU
5. Provision for HRPU
6. Provision for Respiratory Therapy Services
7. A DOH licensed tertiary clinical laboratory
8. A DOH licensed level 2 imaging facility with mobile X-ray inside the institution and
with capability for contrast examinations

Level 3 General Hospital


As minimum, all of Level 2, including but not limited to:
 Teaching and/or Training Hospital with accredited residency training
program for physicians in the four major specialties namely: Medicine,
Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Surgery
 Provision for physical medicine and rehabilitation unit
 Provision for ambulatory surgical clinic
 Provision for dialysis facility
 Provision for blood bank
 A DOH licensed level 3 imaging facility with interventional radiology

Philippine Health Agenda 2020-2022

President Rodrigo Duterte has recently released the Philippine Health Agenda 2016-
2022, which strengthens the Duterte Health Agenda, “All for Health towards Health for
All”. This health system, through the Department of Health, aspires financial protection,
better health outcomes and responsiveness for all Filipinos.
In order to attain health-related sustainable development goals, the A.C.H.I.E.V.E.
strategy is followed:

 A- Advance quality, health promotion and primary care

C- Cover all Filipinos against health-related financial risk


H- Harness the power of strategic HRH development

I- Invest in eHealth and data for decision-making

E- Enforce standards, accountability and transparency

V- Value all clients and patients, especially the poor, marginalized, and vulnerable

E- Elicit multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder support for health

With the Philippine Health Agenda 2016-2022, we will all ACHIEVE a health system
with the values of Equity, Quality, Efficiency, Transparency, Accountability,
Sustainability, Resilience towards “Lahat Para sa Kalusugan! Tungo sa Kalusugan Para
sa Lahat”.

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