Homework & Exercises

Homework (Presentations)
1. How to construct and install materials for buildings and constructions?
Materials include (1) materials from natural stone, (2) clay-bricks or roof tile, (3)
concrete structures for bridges and (4) those for buildings.
2. Productions and engineering properties of various types of (1) brick, (2) cement,
(3) cement concrete, (4) asphalt concrete, (5) steel, and (6) wood for construction
3. Green/sustainable construction materials
4. Alternative materials to Portland cement and natural aggregate

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Exercises
Exercise 1
How many clay-bricks with dimensions of 8 × 8 × 18 cm is produced from clay of
12 tons? Know that bulk density of clay-bricks is 950 kg/m3 and clay has moisture
of 14%, loss on ignition of 10%.

Exercise 2
Determine the quantity of limestone rock having CaCO3 amount of 92% and
moisture of 5% to produce 10-ton CaO.

Exercise 3
Determine CaO amount (mass%) when burning limestone rock. Know that such rock
has moisture of 3% and CaCO3 amount of 85%.

Exercise 4
Determine hydration water (mass%) of gypsum binder.
If gypsum binder used for decorative plaster is 5 tons, how much water is required
to produce such plaster?

Exercise 5
Determine chemically-bound water (mass%) of gypsum in construction.
If we burned 5-ton gypsum in construction to produce anhydrite, how much
anhydrite is produced?

Exercise 6
How much gypsum stone is used to produce 14 tons of construction gypsum? Know
that gypsum stone has 90% CaSO4.2H2O and moisture of 1.5%.

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Exercise 7
After sieving sand with the mass of 1000 g, mass retained on each sieve of two types
of sand is shown in the following table.
Types of Mass retained on each sieve (g)
sand 5 2.5 1.25 0.63 0.315 0.14
1 0 160 240 320 210 60
2 0 187 421 219 143 20
Determine fineness modulus of each sand
Draw particle size distribution of each sand and compare with TCVN 7570:2006.

Exercise 8
After sieving crushed stone with the mass of 10 kg, mass retained on each sieve is
shown in the following table.
Mass retained on each sieve (g)
40 25 20 12.5 10 5 Pan
Stone 526 1145 1195 2272 4122 648 92
Determine Dmax and Dmix of such stone
Draw particle size distribution and compare with the TCVN 7570:2006.

Exercise 9
Preliminarily design the mixture proportion for 1-m3 concrete with designed strength
of 40 MPa, slump of 3 cm. Characteristics of materials used are as follows:
Cement: Rc = 50 MPa, ac = 2.95 g/cm3,
oc = 1050 kg/m3
River sand: oS = 1550 kg/m3 , aS = 2.60 g/cm3 , Mdl = 2.4
Gravel: oG = 1600 kg/m3 , aG = 2.7 g/cm3,
Dmax = 20mm
Know that: Compressive strength of cement is determined by plastic method, the
aggregate has the medium quality,  = 1.38.

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Exercise 10
Materials used for concrete production are as follows:
Portland cement: PCB30, ac = 3.1 g/cm3, oc = 1.1 g/cm3
Quartz sand: oS = 1.65 g/cm3 , aS = 2.63 g/cm3 , Mdl = 2.4
Granite stone: oG = 1.55 g/cm3 , aG = 2.65 g/cm3, Dmax = 40mm
Know that: Materials have good quality. Water is suitable for concrete production.
Construction method is carried out by the machine and the structures are not exposed
to rain and sun.
1. Design mix proportion of concrete with its grade of 300 for normal reinforced
concrete.
2. Calculate materials used for 100-piles with dimensions of 0.3  0.3  9 m.
3. Calculate materials used for a 500-L batch.

Exercise 11
Determine the crushed stone amount used for 1-m3 concrete, based on the Bolomey
– Skramtaev formula. Know that the designed strength grade of concrete is 35
N/mm2. All of materials used are completely dry. The crushed stone has density of
2.75 g/cm3, bulk density of 1630 kg/m3 and coefficient of increasing mortar volume
of 1.42. Sand has density of 2.55 g/cm3 and bulk density of 1500 kg/m3.

Exercise 12
Mixture proportion of concrete is as follows:
Cement = 340 kg, Water = 200 L, Sand = 700 kg, Crushed stone =1150 kg.
Determine quantity factor of concrete. Know that the bulk density of cement, sand,
and stone is 1.05, 1.35 and 1.45 kg/L, respectively.

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Exercise 13
Mixture proportion of 1-m3 concrete under dry state is as follows:
Cement = 350 kg, Water = 190 L, Sand = 680 kg, Crushed stone =1180 kg.
Determine the sand amount used on site when the sand has moisture of 4.2%.
Determine the crushed stone amount used on site when the crushed stone has
moisture of 1.1%.
Determine the water amount used on site.

Exercise 14
Compressive strength of concrete with a water-to-cement (W/C) ratio of 0.5 is
40MPa. Determine compressive strength of concrete with a W/C of 0.6, based on
the Bolomey – Skramtaev formula.

Exercise 15
Determine compressive strength of concrete with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.52,
based on the Bolomey – Skramtaev formula. Know that the aggregate has the high
quality and the cement has the strength grade of 45 N/mm2.

Exercise 16
Mixture proportion of concrete is as follows:
C/C : W/C : S/C : G/C=1 : 0.55 : 2.0 : 3.3.
Where:
C: cement amount (by mass)
W: water amount (by mass)
S: sand amount (by mass)
G: crushed stone amount (by mass)

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Determine the crushed stone amount used for 1-m3 concrete. Know that the water
amount is 190 L/m3.

Exercise 17
Determine the sand amount for 1-m3 concrete. Know that the amounts of cement,
water, and crushed stone used for 1-m3 concrete are 290 kg, 180 L, and 1354 kg,
respectively. Density of cement, water, crushed stone is 3.1, 2.63 and 2.65 g/cm3,
respectively.

Exercise 18
Determine the cement amount for one time of mixing with the volume of 500 L.
Know that the cement amount for 1-m3 concrete is 300 kg, and quantity factor is
0.68.

Exercise 19
The amounts of sand and crushed stone under dry state used for 1-m3 concrete are
680 and 1180 kg, respectively. Determine the amounts of sand and crushed stone
used for 5 beams with dimensions of 0.4 x 0.8 x 12 m.

Exercise 20
Determine the cement amount used for 1-m3 concrete, based on the Bolomey –
Skramtaev formula. Know that cement used is PCB40 and designed strength grade
of concrete is 30 MPa. All of materials used are completely dry, the aggregate has
the medium quality and the water amount used for such concrete 190 L.

Exercise 21
Mixture proportion of concrete with strength grade of 30 MPa on site is as follows:
Cement = 350 kg; Sand = 604 kg; Crushed stone = 1071 kg; Water = 195 L

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No balance on site but there is a container with a volume of 18 L. Know all materials
are under dry state and bulk density of sand and crushed stone are 1.6 and 1.7 g/cm3,
respectively. One bag of cement is used for one time mixing.
Determine how many containers of sand crushed stone for one time mixing.

Exercise 22
Timber sample has dimensions of 100 × 100 × 80 mm and moisture of 20%. After
drying, its dimensions are 9.5 × 9.7 × 7.8 cm. Determine coefficient of volumetric
shrinkage of such sample. Know that fiber saturation point of 33%.

Exercise 23
One timber sample has a weight of 60 g. During drying process in an oven at 100–
105 oC, it is weighed many times. The mass of the first measurement is 50 g, that of
the second is 49 g, and that of the third is 49 g. Determine the moisture of such
sample.

Exercise 24
A round steel bar has a diameter of 11.7 mm. Its direct tensile strength is 450 MPa.
Determine the direct tensile strength of the round steel bar as its diameters is 10.7
mm.

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