F

IL
I
PI
NOCUL
TUR
E,VALU
ESANDPRA
CTI
CESI
NRELA
TI
ONTO
H
EAL
THCAREO
FINDI
VI
DUALAN
DF AMI
L
Y
Cul
tu
reis
,br
o a
dl
yspea
ki
ng,
aw ayofli
f
e;i
tis
t
hetota
li
tyofwhowea r
easapeopl
e.I
ti
sstab
l
e,
w
hi
chmeansthati
tendur
esoverti
mea n
dis
p
as
sedonfro
mo negenera
ti
ontot h
en e
xt.
As
s
uc
h,i
tisobv
iou
sl
yanimpo
rta
ntinfl
ue
nceon
p
eo
pl
e’
sh e
alt
h.Cul
t
ur
eincl
ud
esma n
ythi
ngssu
chas
b
el
i
efs,v
al
uesandcu
stomsorp
ract
ic
es-
howwe
s
oc
ia
li
zeorin
terac
twi
tho t
her
s,hower e
la
xand
s
pe
ndourfre
et i
me,thefoo
dt h
atwee a
tordo
n
oteat,h
oww epr
epa
reourfo
o d
,howwetrea
tand
c
ar
eourfami
l
yme mbe
rsandhowtoseekhel
pwi
th
o
the
rs.
G
“oo
dmo r
al
sandval
ue
ss ta
rtathomeanda
u
ni
for
mw on’
tchang
et ha
t” 
-
Jami
eS a
wyer

A
.
FAMI
L
YSOL
I
DARI
TY
-In
terg
ener
ati
o
nals
ol
i
dar
it
yrefer
st oth
e
de
gr
eeofclo
sen
essa
ndsup
po
rtbet
w een
di
f
fer
entgener
at
io
ns.
Thenot
ionofs o
l
id
ar
it
y
he
lp
sustoun
der
sta
ndho
wpeop
leofdiff
ere
nt
ge
ner
ati
onsre
la
teto
,hel
pan
ddependonone
an
oth
erinth
ei
rdai
l
yl
iv
es.
 -
Di
me ns
ionsofSoli
da
ri
tyinIntergener
ati
ona
l
F
ami
lyRel
ati
ons(Bengst
on ,20
21)
1
.S
tru
ctur
alsol
i
dari
ty
:Thisme an
sh owf a
ct
ors
l
ik
eg e
ograp
hi
caldi
stan
cec a
nc onstr
ai
no r
enha
nceint
e r
acti
onbetw e
enf amil
ymember
s
2.
Ass
oci
ati
onalsol
i
dar
it
y: Th
isdi
me nsi
onref
ers
tothefreq
uencyofsocial
contac
ta ndsh
ar
ed
ac
tiv
i
tiesbetweenfamil
yme mbers.
3.
Affe
ctual
soli
dar
i
ty:S
o l
i
dari
tycanma ni
fe
st
i
tsel
finf e
eli
ngsofe mo t
i
on a
lcl
oseness
,
affi
r
mat i
on
, andi
nti
ma cyb
e tw
e enfami
ly
members,a
lsoknownasa ffec
tualsol
i
da
ri
ty
.
4.
Con
sensua
l so
li
dar
i
ty:Famil
yme mbersha
ve
di
ffer
entlevel
sofa c
tualorperc
ei
ved
agr
eementino pi
ni
ons
, val
ues,an
dlifes
ty
le
s.
5.
Fun
cti
onalsol
i
dar
ity
:Exchangesofprac
ti
ca
l
andfi
nanci
a
l as
sis
tanc
ea n
ds u
ppo
rtbetwee
n
fami
l
yme mbersareexampl
e soff u
ncti
on
al
sol
i
dar
it
y.
6.
Nor
mativ
es ol
i
dar
ity
:Normativ
es ol
i
dari
t
y
re
f e
rstothes tr
engtho fo b
l
iga
tionfel
t
towa
rdsotherfamil
yme mbers
.
B
.
FI
LI
P
I
NOFA
MI
LYV
ALU
ES
1
.
Co
mmun
ic
at
io
n
 2
.
Hel
p
in
gOt
her
san
dGr
at
it
ud
e
3
.
Res
pe
ct
4
.
In
dep
en
den
ce
5
.
Ser
vi
c
e
6
.
Tr
ust

C
.
Fil
i
pi
noF a
milyCul
turean
dT radi
ti
on
Majori
tyofP hi
l
ip
pi
nepopul
ati
onisbond
ed
t
ogeth
e rb
yco mmonv a
lu
e sandtrai
tsthatar
e
f
i
rsttaughtath omeandb ei
ngappl
i
edinourda
yto
d
ayl
iv
es. H
erea r
es omeoft hefamil
yval
ues
F
il
i
pi
nosh a
ve:
1
.
Pa
gpap
ahal
agas aPami
ly
a(Famil
y-
ori
ented)
Fil
i
pi
nosarek nownforhavin
gs tr
ongandcl
ose
f
ami
lyties
.Theyplac
ehig
hr egar
da ndpu
timpo
rta
nce
o
ntheirfami
lybeforeanythi
ngelse.Th
eyw o
rkal
l
d
ayanddoalltheycantof eedandprov
i
deforthe
ir
f
ami
ly.
I
no the
rco u
n t
ri
e s
,whenap erso
nt u
rned1
8,
h
e/shecanli
vea wayfr
omh i
s/herfami
ly
.I
nt he
P
hi
l
ip
pi
nes,theyv a
lu
et h
eirfamil
ysomu c
ht h
atthey
k
eepthemintactthrou
ght heyear
s.
2
.
Resp
ect
O
neo ft h
ep rec
iou
sthing’
sF i
l
ip
inosha
veistha
t
t
heyarer es
pec
tful
.You
ng,yout
h,peop
l
eina lla
ges
k
nowhowt os h
owre s
pec
ta ndco
urtes
y.S
o mew ay
s
t
oshowt hema r
et heus
eo f“PoatOpo”
,
“
Pag
ma mano”orp
utti
ngtheb ac
kofane l
der’shan
d
o
nyourf or
ehead
,andcal
l
i
n gourol
dersi
bl
i
n gsor
e
l
dersAt eorKuy
a.
3
.
God-
feari
ng
Thoughwe ,F
il
i
pi
nos,b
elongtodiff
erent
r
el
ig
iou
sg rou
ps,weallh
av
eG od(S
up
remebe i
ng)i n
o
urcenter.F
il
i
pi
nofamil
i
ess omet
imesgot oc hu
rc
h
o
rpra
yt ogeth
erw i
ththei
rf a
mil
y.
4
.
Pak
ik
is
a ma(Hel
p
in
go ther
s)
Fil
i
pinosgetal
ongw i
thdiff
erentki
ndso fpeo
pl
e.
T
heycane as
il
yadj
usttoan ysi
tu
atio
na nda r
e
f
l
exib
le
. Thi
strai
tfoster
sco o
per
ati
on,gooda nd
h
el
pful
de ed
s.Whenthei
rne i
ghb
orsarei
nt roubl
e
,
t
heywil
lhelpth
eminw ha
te ve
rtheycan.
T heyal
so
d
onotlett hei
rfamil
ymemb e
rsgot h
rou
g hh a
rd
t
i
me salone,i
nst
ead,the
yh el
peachoth
er.
5
.
Hosp
it
a l
i
ty
O
neo fthemo stpo
pu
larqua
li
ti
esF i
l
i
pi
no shav
eis
t
hattheya r
ev e
ryhosp
it
abl
e.Whent h
erea re
v
i
sit
orsa thome,theywi
l
ldoal o
to fpr
eparati
ons
f
orgoode nt
ertai
nmentanda c
co
mmo da
tions oth
at
th
eywil
lfeel
athomea n
de n
joythesta
y.When
th
erei
sa noc
casi
ona thome,t
h er
earealo
to f
fo
odandyouc
anex p
e c
tt oha
vet a
kenout
s(p
aba
l
ot)
af
ter.
6.
U
tangnaLoob(
DebtofG ra
ti
tu
de)
Thi
st ra
i
ts h
owsas e
n s
eofd u
tyand
r
esp
onsi
bi
li
ty
.Fi
li
p
in
osk nowhowt or
e p
ayot
herpe
op
le
.
Whe
ns o
me on
eh e
lp
e dus,were
t u
rnthefav
orswi
th
go
odne
ss.
7.
L
oveandHap
pi
ness
I
naF il
i
pi
nofamil
y,ourp
are
ntsusual
l
yco
okfor
us
,tha
t’swhatoneo ftheway
so nhowtheysh
ow
th
ei
rlov
e.Al
so,th
roughg oo
dandbadti
mes,Fi
l
ip
i
nos
al
wa
ysfi
n dawaytos mil
eandbeh ap
py
.Wha
teve
r
th
eprob
l
e mis
, w
ea rea l
way
sremin
dedtha
tour
fa
mil
y’
salwa
ystheret ol
oveandsu
ppo
rtusno
mat
terwhat.
F
il
i
pi
nova
lue
sw i
l
lpr
eva
i
leve
nifye
ar
sw i
l
lpa
ssby
.I
t
w
il
ln
e v
erberemov
edbec
au
sei
tser
vesasa
d
i
sti
nct
io
na mongan
othe
rra
ce.
Def
in
ite
ly
,i
t’smor
e
f
uni
nt h
eP hi
l
i
pp
ine
sandi
t’
sthebe
sttobepar
tof
F
il
i
pi
nofami
l
y.