Step 

1 of 7
The components of the system are as given below:
• Entities: An entity is an object of interest in the system. In other words any person or
a thing which is given more priority in a system. For example in system of
communication the most preferable thing is message.
• Attribute: An attribute is a property of entity.
• Activity: An activity represent time period of specified length.
• Event: An event can be defined as an instantaneous occurrence that might change
the state of system.
• State variables: A state variables is one of set of variables.
Step 2 of 7
The components for various systems are given as below:
a. A cafeteria
• Entities: customer, cashier, waiter.
• Attributes of a customer: hungry, hurried.  
• Attributes of a cashier: faster, reliable, responsible, and skilled in mathematics.  
• Attributes of a waiter: faster, reliable, expert in the products.
• Activities: take orders, collect payments, dispatch orders
• Events: arrival and departure of customer, lack of raw material, faults in the
equipment.
• State variables: number of occupied tables, number of orders per table, number of
people that pay with cash or credit card, number of customers waiting for attention.
Step 3 of 7
b. A grocery store
• Entities: customer, cashier, distributor, salesperson.
• Attributes of a cashier: faster, reliable, responsible, and skilled in mathematics.  
• Attributes of a distributor: faster, reliable, responsible, and punctual.  
• Attributes of a salesperson: faster, reliable, responsible, and skilled in sales.  
• Activities: sell products, fill displays, organize the supermarket carts.
• Events: arrival and departure of customers, reception of products, lack of products.
• State variables: number of people that pay with cash or credit card, number of
customers waiting for attention and number of sold products per day.
Step 4 of 7
c. A laundromat
• Entities: customer, washing machines, employees.  
• Attributes of a customer: hurried, with a lot of clothing to wash.  
• Attributes of a washing machine: faster, economic, high capability, long-lasting.  
• Attributes of an employee: faster, reliable, responsible, expert in repairing and
installing washing machines.  
• Activities: wash clothes, separate clothes by colors and characteristics, dry clothes,
collect payments.
• Events: arrival and departures of customers, faults in the washing machines, damages
in the clothing, lack of washing materials.
• States variables: number or customers per day, number of washing machines, amount
of pounds of washed clothing per day.
Step 5 of 7
d. A fast-food restaurant
• Entities: customer, cashier, employee, deep fryer.
• Attributes of a cashier: faster, reliable, responsible, and skilled in mathematics.
• Attributes of an employee: faster, reliable, responsible, expert in attention to the
customer.
• Attributes of a deep fryer: high capability, long-lasting, fast cooking.
• Activities: take orders, dispatch orders, cook the food, and serve the customers.
• Events: lack of raw material, damages in the equipment, arrival and departure of
customers, lack of staff.
• State variables: number of orders, number of customers waiting for, number of
occupied seats, amount of sold products, dispatching time.
Step 6 of 7
e. A hospital emergency room
• Entities: doctor, nurse, patient, equipment.
• Attributes of a doctor: safe, expert in his/her science, calm, intelligent.
• Attributes of a nurse: safe, expert in her science, patient, responsible.
• Attributes of the equipment: high capability, long-lasting, sterilized.
• Activities: vaccinate, feed the patients, administering medicines, heal the wounds,
and evaluate the patients.
• Events: lack of medicines, lack of staff, lack of beds, arrival and departure of patients.
• State variables: number of patients, amount of administrated medicines, number of
empty beds, number of registered cases.
f. A taxicab company with 10 taxis
• Entities: customer, taxi driver, taxi, radio operator.  
• Attributes of a taxi driver: responsible, respectful, reliable, good driver.  
• Attributes of a taxi: economic, good condition, long-lasting.  
• Attributes of a radio operator: responsible, respectful, and faster with the callings.
• Activities: pick passengers, answer callings, deliver things, collect payments.
• Events: taxicabs with mechanical problems, taxicabs with flat tires, absence of taxi
drivers, detained taxis.
• State variables: number of customers, amount of gained money per day, number of
received callings per day, amount of mileage per taxicab in a day.
Step 7 of 7
g. An automobile assembly line
• Entities: operator, robotic arm, inspector.  
• Attributes of an operator: responsible, faster, careful, and skilled in assembling.  
• Attributes of a robotic arm: long-lasting, faster, economic.  
• Attributes of an inspector: responsible, careful, tricky, and skilled in assembling.  
• Activities: put parts, assemble automobiles, and transport automobiles through the
assembly stations.
• Events: lack of parts to assemble, absence of an operator, damages in the robotic
arm, lack of inspection tools.
• States variables: number of assembled cars per day, amount of used parts per day,
amount of time to assemble a car, number of automobiles waiting for assembling.